Greek Period

Classical Period (479 BC – 323 BC)

Acropolis
Agora
Propylaea
Layout of acropolis –
sense of procession
Propylaea
Symmetrical entrance among asymmetries
Secular or profane to sacred
Doric portico
Projecting wings on 2 sides
Central intercolummination
3 pairs of ionic columns in entrance-way
Second Doric portico
Northern wing
Southern wing
Temple of Athena Nike
Victorious
Model for garden temples in 18th century
On ancient rock
Site of ancient bastion
Wooden image of Athena
4 ionic columns create portico
Entrance of the east
Identical on West (seen from below)
Erechtheion (ca. 421 –
407 BCE)
Location of contest
Salt water spring
ionic order
Two levels (uneven site)
Eastern portico
Northern porch
Portico facing Parthenon
Caryatids
Greek Hellenistic
Glory period (431
Conquest
– 404 BC)

Art and Architecture

associated with the extended
Classical age ends empire of Alexander the
Peloponnesian
with alexander great and his successors
war
the great • Away from traditions
• Influence of other regions
• Local factors

Quarrel among
Philip of Macedon
city states
Tholos, Epiduros (360 – 330BC)
Sanctuary of Asklepios
Dedicated to Gid Askleios, son of Appollo
Circular building
72’ dia
Only foundations left
Small part of total site
External colonnade – 26 Doric columns
Inner colonnade – 14 freestanding Corinthian
Black and white flooring pattern
Tholos, Epiduros (360 – 330BC)
Ceiling – coffers with floral décor
Polykleitos architect
Corner volutes derived from ionic
models
Small
Scroll form complemented by
stylized curls of acanthus leaves
Unknown use
Tomb like form
Choragic monument of Lysikrates (ca.
335 BC)
Athens
Small
Cylindrical
Order used in exterior
6 columns built into the cylinder
Appear as half columns
Frieze illustrates mythological story
No accessible interior space
19 century American architects took inspiration
Theatre of Dionysos
Embankment used as support
Concentric
Circular orchestra
Flat area for dancing
Behind backdrop structure the skene
◦ Several doors
◦ Areas at top

Infront proskenion
Rasied platform for actors
Theatre
Modified over years
◦ Delphi
◦ Ephesus
◦ Pergamon
Epidaurus
◦ Well preserved
◦ Beautiful site placement
◦ Looking at distant hills
Built in 2 stages
Lower 500 seats in 34 tiers (350 BC)
Upper 21 tier added later
14, 000 total capacity
Theatre
Close to orchestra
◦ Dignitaries’

With backs
Continuous benches (others)
Acoustics
Still in use
Radial and cross isle circulation