‘Sanding fhe mecca esp fepeinspahina, mantang Bas samy aad teroptene 414 chementator A ew gation peas lot plant demons hereddeslnaton taacny ‘meron eae peices me {alc nanoprices Crate poe ‘sth cst of oe ut Soe rufa nd taspr cf nao- pies and mee Newstont Paisican Production Poyentline con gouees ae the rita copay aes oe res of he sl porte res, rps roan taro neh erand ceca 28 Nowrfront The Road to Recovery (Grewia procenent ap armen {Fro ten empenercog an nome ‘acy eo mere ams ‘era ey oe 2 el 2 ‘amp oecs sates tht ting ‘34 Foc At Your Fingorps Measurement ‘uid for placement seat Thr oro pose lene gud utes emake fps nmeaueng machinery or ec 148 FostureReportFullLengthSteevng {or Process Hest Exchange Tubes. Howto aedne the ec of er Deru whan eres haves her (Gatien of thera canon than he ‘sled ee 152 ngneering race A Salty Cen- ‘ered Approach o indus! ightng Thee Seams aperton oat ‘ng ean teste ot safety nd ‘open good mantetnee pies 59 Sols Pocassing Partie Sie Mes surement Asn rec Pe trates arora now ‘en cera by opeaton {66 Envionmentl Manager Non hem icalisterWeatment Heston? frowns cnr sn enroertaby Fea ansatr option to ents EQUIPMENT & SERVICES 320-1 Powder and Bulk Solids PX) a Show Preview (Domest ed ‘Sond Powe an uk ols PA) ‘rw al ke glace May 6, 20107 ozmert I Aang Pe eases 34 even spy a flowing Me ‘idountne wt conyers Seine Tab ure ets a ‘ype Conbie nd ad ar cas: ‘estan wh ral Magnet sesator formal cantanansiniweety ers aramere 34-1 Powe 2010 Show Preview ‘Oneratonl Eaton) Powech 2010 ‘eal Ag 27-23, Nob ‘many resco meer n poy ‘de Suk metering areca ‘enc oreod pests Acad care tea bal ayer rete sprit, ister anor nero een ‘spay aye: Thsparice a ti ata lnvealire od ore 170 Focus Hove meseurement ere: foweet gt cooson wih sae $e se New poaue ire betes {orqreanouie ges meat Men ec reconderang an stated ste ‘it Cant eal fiw ra ot long dsare tami ana mare ‘conamenrany 5 eators rage bodding ches Behe S cffotby ge papal scence ant iro oman Iteestararg seo! feghering ond raters pasts ‘reagh hon ening, Sea how you ‘nti need ete Sie a. ry onone bats. 79,80 apvennisens Castes Paertng. 76-76 loot for Feature Reto none lesConmuncston Intaedou Ars, “tngineting rote arte ‘Sig pratt et Exdanger sols Prosesing are onilonerton| Froese Foes on Png News aries onvetsum etn Sra Fac st ‘Your Fingertips on Corbuston cae Cover David Whacter Iageseurce: toMechanical Design Aspects for High-Performance Agitated Reactors An understanding of the mechanical design helps in specifying, maintaining and revamping agitated reactor systems IM. Siataus, HJ, Weis, W Himmelabach ond Sith [wAsmarasi =a tnt te ee See’ | a arenes = maa Bato steed tank retetor with r= Mating mizer remains te bok Nan of heehee! proses dhatooe (CPD, While mixing ie considered « materetachndly, ‘tear that cntnued tehnelapeal de “lopment eater achieve the Sntnotthonet dsgn demanded by ‘rer lnctesingefilency meds ‘Ae worldwide competion free ‘he CPI tera the pratt of ‘hee profuetion pani ven more Smporan for proces detlopers and Plant deign engineers to understand The mechanical design aspects of a {ated recone Proce denis oe fin imei procedure of semical ‘tad there regirements on ‘the oe band and plato chanical rstretenson he oer Chemical ad technical eaglners Work together {oreach the commen gl of opti ‘eactor design. Ad this knoe tls important er lant operators and tinintenanes engineers Ofen here {enced to bons tho plant capacity nd proces ocr y revamp ad odifentions ofthe reactor: Oni tearm of the mache) ond. tins inthe exiting reaetor wl pe ‘eat eapensive flores ‘his rte ves an veviw of the mechanical design anpect of pated, Higtperfranee reactors that. Ip im endenvers to spec, latin ‘ud also rte equpment. The a cle is addressed to proces develop fm plant designers, lane operators tod ialatenance” engineer Fit, the ator sc te eopoants are agate on all rector ‘Sterna and on he wena inci te sel stretare In alton, the rile x= FIGURE 4 Mary ace re ota wit eion- ‘in retouene end vires gameplan oregon apeteaten ion" phenoment aad bow thee te cnadered: Mechel eae pln eral rl eulg in safe fd conomie operation of paar feed vectors. Thr dale deserP- tio, however, wold caso the spe ‘thir erie fr moe on mechanical ‘eas ee Alehanical ‘Sens, Chem, Beng Decor 208, pp 36-12, Process intensificntion Higher prods in he CPL ca be ine a8 higher entpot pr plant vk ‘es eer a a mate con- $Sumptins ager with rede was, ‘dtr pdt quai nein fo thon rinks oa als ee io ead to reluoel mctnance Apr from the ned, speciltycemals prcrs also expect high ety In prodctin fr ter ne market The suns a th equipment roan facture to ll thee euiements of hp ins can be summarized ‘procs itm ‘anaiderahe progress. in proces ‘oteminton far mining bas alee nen acieed ands til angoing 2 (One example in agated guild eoctre 12 Bulk chemical reactors tften caver gasce With inert compe: ‘ents cha ner wit a ad Feu lare reactor witha capacity Sn oxen of 1,000 2 Tel nina us aperai regis preci ning ube interaction Bebren station Tdredynamies andthe saperine ‘ice qui and pae-food and outlet ‘rea ih he reoction Kinet fr ‘ptimum proces rl Tor svceasul rector desi, ‘xideratin ns to be gien to the Felatonsizbeewn al leant pe- ameter Ths includes not aly the Operating andten, adh os ta ature, pressure aad tid proper Fee but ale en az and spe al Internal canpoents eae nbs feed and lt pipes. sarge and heatingan-cmling eaupeent) and structural ponents sath as siendy bearings), wel ar power Input oF ‘gation nea. Agtaton not nly klies te proces rors, bat i also {he source fal! mami ods that, ‘gust be cotsdored for the desi of ‘he actor uit Te abviou thatthehe tow pars to een ea ‘asa Frieeo Fee ee eee eee se or eel a eae ‘ihncomporens phe cor ont meacss""*hysmueten aah on conditions of intensified preceees | components, variety of aly eed anew, integrated appronch fr | equipment also nds to be consié- ‘eastor dig, which cottders the | ered For example yesel uppers tajtator andvesa sone uit | emul tke the form fa se betchet reg design. Heat rchangers can Design of agitated reactors |e divided into external aod intra ‘The dengn of apttar tnd reactors | type, The designe an ntrnal heat starts by defining the prcess per | exchanger canbe lsd as plato, mance and’ operating condsions | ert or tbe bundle There ee any (Figure 1. The rele are the base | more aspect tobe considered te ‘engineering dete forthe rear an | ameter of th manhole erstriced fgtatorinloing the main dimen-| by mechani or ructral need for ‘Hs ofall components impel type, | example this wool hae re ‘number efimpellrs, use and sped or | pct on the impeller desen to ensure wer input respectively as deserbed | thatthe impels cold be inverted In dealin several references (1) | into the ren If the tal too ‘Thesedaa are tbeinpt orth design | smal the impeller hub canbe of work ofthe mechani enginere | epitdlamped deen or the blades "he neat step is ta find the deal | maybe old ‘lance between the prose requ rents and an easels machanesi | Computer-aided engineering telacion ofthe ves agitator system. |The se ef caput forenoon ‘Aste opitatornemnertedviatheag: | parse har developed api over Stator mounting Benge the vel wn | the let wo dade that be ‘gator eannet be tented ax parts | ene an dispense tl fe he me ‘mts beense ther dig mutually | bank dsign fags econ ad lnueace ead her. Figure 2 shows | internal capone There the ue imnavervow ofthe gecral reser. | of numeral simulta for exangle ‘ousand sts its key components. | computatinal fd dyeaioe (CFD) "In adition to thoe hey agitate | sed fate clement nals (FEA), has on become anor se bx 40. ‘Thecompletow pattern inagiated reators aa be emputed od val ina with CPD calealations: Not oly door this fata the understand tng. of hydralyanmic. mechanisms, ‘it CFD daa also be ud the Aetemination of the heat tensor efits af ample hen exchange ‘rm Hydraulic ad such as pres Alsen and ens based on ea ‘how votes ae celated ty CED, fd then used se np fr FEA "The mechani! beni of struc tam such ae natural freuen, ewer and dfemations canbe ‘eertaned wih FEA. The genera Aeentages of tuner imaltions inetd the flbwing ‘Reduced deopment tine, for {aoe tine te market ‘Applicaton specie dimensioning ff ymca ap their emgonets fa faving i ing, energy end money ‘ Imprnement of plant saety ‘Iara re iit and operation sf better planning of shutdown nd maltenance nerve + Prevention fptentl eat and ‘nent dks a neal stage‘mera Siete ermal ent ‘unto rane seen epi ‘Seen i grime aon bung impor prces + Foamy sul re tia nanerid ses rade he + Baked oor tino ec None nln lows an nope of perma ep + Sain nnd pana raped SE Seeger yy a hes ase ei sel rt esse ie be es Sintvenonsee er ‘Loads acting on the system the eration and definition a te ‘leant ods ating uate seu ‘his especialy true fr ming. 2 gy demic proces in whieh sides the atc ods considerable dy ‘ami fc cn alo bave gear ‘acts o he veel seractare Fandanentl for wrolabl design isthe eae awledge af the nuber ‘od naar ft tate and amie forse and omens acting on the ence and ie itera component Ut hat exchanger, edn de lta Typiea state loud ae weg, ‘eel presure and the racer te posters wh tu ea ce "The dymicydzaulie freee are senate by the gitar alata {liyat the impeller blades Doyen fn the blade geomet, which etn the flow diraion, there are Thee The with axa fw deton {howe with al ow dete {howe ‘with oth aa and radia fw dresion igure $ shows a CFD-alulated oapshot th ow pattern around» Hat bade dis turbine, To undertand the dynaaie nature of ing sideration ho ob given to he fact ‘hat the earbulen few arse Hie a tuneton of Une tod ie a rotationally symmetric or in other ‘wor the forsee nting on each nd Tidal Bide re not dea. ‘he result of thin nal Dow shawn oa the left aid of Figure & ie 4 tree laded impeller The tierence of the tangential fore iF) at each Had (at a> tine leeds to teulsngra- FIGURE alte Wit tickaown lover radial re io he distance beweon impale and shat bearing, the bending moment (a) can be eleclte by the fo My=Rol o ‘The sum of al tangential fren in fun generates a trgue (Mf) around he after shat Mather ® or axially pumping impellers, an al fre) rae tech ine, Feeding toa eral xin thrust = fod the flowing a=W ® ‘The rel fa abuetorysale fore mearoremnt sing sppropste fealeuperitar or CFD are then usd the opt forthe eben analy ‘eof the illaiae ds. gute 5 depicts laboratory-scale ‘pale shalt which i egulpped wit rnin ups fr bending moment Sod tonoe measurement. The force eaten can te ebalnd by using ‘Ameraoles concent "The fore cents (Cp) are in dlsdaal for cock impeller type and ‘oanty the magni of xi, an- fet and rafal ores independent the pelle damser Ie ema fete the Slleving tren Radial are coin abl towed oer * Axil ore soon Cy) * Mangut fore eatin) adil tree and arg are the pe sary opt Sta fr he calelton of the shat dame Large sat ameter, as well as large and pensive ect seal ‘warings ahah tee maybe quien the eae of log and oer hing agate tht depending on the popes of the tra mats "aT climate thse disadvantages, the ue of tom steady bare ‘wich i an diol bearings he halt end the tank, abrnted by {he promt id — en be consid “he ext advantages of belt steady bewing restated in ‘able 1. Foeexampl, for 1Oamlong haf the mansfacorng conta he Complete aptatr canbe reduced by soprocimanly $08, Svings can Ie {chine ty te etn a the sha diameter fo 24D mm to 18D, ormpated Sn sal which would nly provi a 10% saving The appl ations that easily be rm ea Iarngs de Oth large and tl rectors, sha blk che reat tra redo od large ry tar tetas. "While btom stasdy bearing offers comerdl advantage forthe oi ren sn aee ae sther apes ensien ining te flowing:TABLET. suMMARY OF COST SAVINGS ACHIEVED BY INSTALLATION OF 'ABOTION STEADY SEARING FORTWO VESSELAGIIATOR DESIONS + A btom bering i a wearing part {Higher som of wneahip (mainte: ‘nace spare parts and 0 on) + Wearing pet material Selecta as tobe carly enalered ‘The veel design must withstand the indued roe ‘A igh level of rcision is roid far the alignment of the bearing to the agittor kat aie ‘The val bl and he rneto inter. tal ae exposed to considerable by Aral lod. In earbulent conden ‘hone frees ean be elated Ey the folowing equation: cure tt “ Where cs the dag count, ps he gid density, isthe proetad ston of iterer baile, ed pipe or ‘ter and ithe low velo The ‘lermiaaion of ¢ i conducted by ‘measurements together with CFD CCayputaton. Figure 6 tlustrates the premurednebution oa bale ne ion alot rom the velo el ‘The resus of such elelatins and ‘aperinett re he basing the Saleeqoet mechanic dimensioning ‘fa vee internal companet "The bara fen meting all reactor ‘smpmnonts ate. primarily fenertad by the agitator, Exceave rations strane end defrmatone ‘internal eompanert and hr sp ports canbe eausod by a weak vessel rvctare and by Ineafientsxng ‘he flawing topics dicues oppor ‘le toed thee na Vibration and resonance When existing reactor are upgraded torech higher producti set fal to anerea the rononane fet tmensoning of the veaelagiator yom fra high eel of operational Safe. Carles modifications can ‘hit the natural queries nto the fra! ange and ream operaional Problens. Fiat the relevant eet ton spectra mist e ler Enon, ‘extation can be coud ther by ‘aft apd, posing hades or at. Bulent vortex pet, Resonance ‘fas are often th reason for nie tnd unsceptale vibrations tha end to structaral damage of components ‘Ths cn seal in catly planned Plant shutdowns and could also have ‘Design [Design 2 aoa dometer [mm 5000 | 000 Reactor helgh a 5000 | 1805 Length option sa | mm 5000 | 12600 Number otimpetes = B o impater clomeier ()__| men 2500 | 2800 Motor power (Pa) 0 [a0 Sha spees OX) 2m fa [es Shot ire Ne 723000 | 06 Moti of constuction |= tot [si6u eure pure 6) [bar fre son omer is) [wn boom beaing [10mm | 180mm orerang 101mm [240m Reine agicionpiceior [win bom booing [ors | a eres rerung ‘woe |oo8 ote [as 'FGURE 7 inte vrs wound vsti) can bo soon ah» ‘Somat it arabe saeco vey ne aN ‘an impact on healt, safety and nv ‘omental Blade pasting frequencies are de {ined ype ype and shalt ped ‘Tovrea exetation rqucnce, the ‘evaliet Karan vortex detachment frequencies (Figure 7, Ht ace fa ‘por diel to detarmin, The erst ‘Requency is decid bythe Strobel ‘umber (S)in Bquatin fusS-ale ® Pletseale mesturements cn, once ‘gsm, provide data forth local ve Iii, bu CPD aultons give ‘nore compesbentive ad diferent care ofthe etre ow pater, shown in Figure right). ‘ven ifthe exciton frequencies are wellknown, the design engineer ‘ao decide which type excitation {stelevant odorant fora epee component. This dca has t be sade on a cae-y-cne ati ith ae to avid any resonance caused Uyeolseldence ofeacitaton with mat ral frequencies Vibration, which are caused hy the dymimie nature ofthe x: ing process are ineitable and ot detriment a Long as they do ot iced thecalulaed, ceoptable ine {Wasity lee. This ensured when theaystem' natural equenies are ‘cently distanced trom there vant excitation spetea The dif. hes between the natal egueney find eritationfroqueney ie a7 In the fled o! machine dynamics an fcceplable mrgin is a7 215-205 tar if this nton is not uled, resonance iif = 08) or reenanes ‘tects amply even stall dynam forces dratially. The mot impor {tant natra frequency for agitator inthe Int bending mde ofthe asia tor sat, shih tho erie haf peed Fir fee overhung shaft with one ee impale the aba length) fd the tnpeller sass mare the minting’ parameters iouencng ‘he shat ertial speedeso nt FIGURE 6: ranured url eqn ofa eat xara sats cone Eat teeuenees thet mun be vse fro opera "LGURE 8. cncioase fh an aural Fegercy ing he ig prostes ‘utd eda oonance acs ise ah op Correlation 6 shows that ove minor ‘hanger the shat length or pale Fesiton can ead ta deat ange tthe thls natural foequeney. Far ‘nore sopbistcatod cleat eth sare roquied to determine the fact N, when designing comoles Shaft apstems, ach ex mule i baller, mateshouldered or tepped halts nd toten-beaing or hallow ‘aft ction, ‘Operating blow abv the shat ington components ass be ‘onsidered with regard to ronan Figure 8 shows measured nara re (qnmcen of hast eachanger Te i ‘ied pena or erie uence, ‘ost not be ela by the attr "The aatral eqnciw area serically determined when using FEA, however the aecorecy of te resulta Io tually dependant op he securacy ofthe input dts. The ms teria! model at take all dierent Sperating endtons in asount, Por aURe 0.1 ic ore cue ope ‘example, ding «mixing pertion, ‘ene fled with the eral ie'mied, Depending on the ling Teel this canna deeenae the vests naar requenies by up toavs gure “The same ipl applies to a= ternal compovunta when they are stimerged by liquid or simakane ner Ti it ns with heating and conling els and feed pies were sian decrease of stra foqucies san be expected {nd a purely structural, mechanic ‘pprech mould al. Such operating fendiins are conidored yl froctare inaction PSD aay. Si, based the wave equation of cust [7 all relevant fcc Mencing the ration bebe ean ‘eke into wzoun by thi pot ltphgscl appre Tf otallg or pred paries srw: ‘multe enuf of on ner Component, te reall mass of ths ‘onpnent wlan. This asin ‘rete leads toa deren ofthe nat ‘al reqonciee. which can change the Sperating socio during. produc on oer a peri of woke of noth( TABLE, DECREASE OFTHE TET NATURAL FREGUENGY BUETO SPECIFIC | ‘OPERATING CONDITIONS CTYPICALVALUES) i ‘ononani | Operating Conation 1a Nature Feauny (Got vous) vena ‘ero ‘able 2 shows the inftaene of at ferent operating cana tha eat | [= aaes inthe decene of mature! feaueies | Tiled ene fe invdul components | [reeapipe | Winout seat on auto 7 f ‘Natural requanses ae eulerantex- | | Soe ciation pcr mut belated | Sart tated any cenacrence,|[POOTeCones” [Vowel ond pen empty Tnoomnctin wit alety for ep vel ond pipes es 3 ‘nocerace cana on rotrieon of Ue operating apecdeanes which vld | Gaaiga draing | Ramana modeT Gricunted reste lento prov licen Patigue-proof design At leat 9 of flares in chan fal engineering ave due to fatigue Tend. "Thie means that-macaniel Breakdowns can ceeor even though the state strength of the compe. ent othe yield steegth,bnsat| teen reached The caiman ese fr th pe of allure le mireracing Which eauted by yee loading The ‘veal een lovel wl aot case & ‘amponen to fi, a requ Fepeatd tees Intensity range — ‘rhc canbe eavaed when opereting 3 $n reooanescondiens — Wl ‘Dynamic bade are indeed. result of eto rain in nearly {ated racer Wa ropa o fate, | (na The aoe nents tenet eeocton ‘rector the aitatr mounting lenge), ‘rhe conecions between the ese ‘ery strcurlcanpmnet usa | atl ene ren comput motes eae ee a eae Sell andthe support ofall ternal in these cial sras sich asthe sgiotor ange, tank be otra Componente ike halls or best x ‘hangers he stentenaity i n, ‘termined by using FEA. Tose cn (ited rele deine the paratter for Gtigue proa-ompenent dsm, fing into acnant th highly ‘amie character of mining prosesce || FE-mom le parecer wt ae ne oper ‘he design must then be verled implant ih iterator ok | HOURS 8 tte een nd cig cetrentine nd roe ‘ches ASME ‘esos met seneger nae ands os Practical examples persed by the btm ingle whieh | enters dey into dhe tion lt of Iydrogenction reactor Figure 10 e 8 xneve trtine. The hydrogen, | this tari, leing to an stan tows reuctr tp that i tpl | which isnot instantanaay Gave | taneou miming of sling hy Sted et the redetion of nitegrups | und canvere, aes tothe heed of | dragen adhe uid reactant Sach to'make taluene diamine aoline and | th recor and ecumlates, Hence | reason arhigly eather tre her compounds The mee i a co | taut be permanecty recreate, | fren efsot bet exchanging ze, Uncously operated, 50am hydrogenn | wich le adueved by sl inducing |S pevded br ra eight abe nd tion reso with ¢sambioe!psing | Carbine via toe ith lang coupling | To casa Sow ete impel int ‘eat The aa foed in eficentiy di | anda low sf Th gud ed alo | thew nls ends ome aec esbmeged [35% snmergnd sok momered 7x nmeres oth omen] fi generate, whieh in cum pose Aynamie la onthe het exebenger, a ‘andl and tinal ees, A “The general approsdh to character ie |_| | singe forthe mechani ‘nsoning ofthe ben exchanges | ao can be sen in Figure 1 The feet. tags ef ed shows sconceptonl de | sem ofthe ox exchanger A aye ie ‘uly rebut invita reais by 0 ‘ovina er ‘OURE 13,7 ting mvt trce aur ecuonce ofa womans. | tals The snpliston enhsece ‘SKownrorsas computed fae loot hace ssrpaytes, , | the eality of the analgss ad the evn surdcndo | gual ath els there reducing computation tie conlderay, THs prepress trans tho al onthe implles and shaf that must | sign into un eequte numerical com Featae Aspe powerinptbetween |b accmadated by the agitator | puter model gure 1, male Take and 1DEWin? i required to see | Dane and vee ad. The salts in | lng inte seat al relevant boondary 1 conven af over 89% in sucha | thie pel recor ar of «overhung | conditions (omens, lads ant so Slngestage crnanas recor Por | design and ot supported by wteady | on) the tude i spa f cle. 50m? reocior volume, ts euats to | earings which are prone to abrasion | ing natal gino, tess and 2600600 KW elt power Byracie typically cstaletn, ssh | deformations. The rule of «muda “This igh power lve sess re-| at Raney aie. In sdton to the | analy azewhown onthe righ ide spctively high lads sting as foros | high pawer level a intense fai ow | of Figure 1 Could it be Mauer your missing link? re laboratory testing facty or se return retreat q Transferring potent or toxic substances? Shim cee OE) ‘esos dow tbr ‘ceo ASR 2 ole 96 on p. 780790 te alinks.che.conv29240-96 | Cle 3 on p78 or ge to adits-checom/2024037[7ABLES, oPrimmamion OFTHE WaNUFAGTURIN COSTE | ‘OFA sous ReacronwnmMOUT arr¥CTING “Tae oveeau snemtss OFT STRUCTURE | (eu setae oe he nnn oe vos ee) Tose [3 = = 7 a ing | == z ce ° PGURE tet annie, ‘Stary eosoporoes ‘NOMENCLATURE 4st giclee ON alin edb the FEA ad FS mids e Seeenn [FN ama || trams rst é coe prea ombing ath CFD snd teal tas orden ss || PSs Ti cred oe ee Reopen || yong epi store a e- G ‘redial fore concent | Hm Ngee, quires adequate computing power (6) G ongenticl force coe] fm loo coi ar ‘Such simulations transfer the reeults Sent mango agitate shat | | oF CED cabulatian to a subsequent 4m mmdimninst [mf lnpler mae Fh ent verve Fendcenpret fy Hm Era rone ok ER |e eee sitar & Eiken kn ahead The agate fang tpn wih Fk Giwercmed [NVA ceed || he sat ne, wot, ih Pte canons ‘esa op had), represents the mast Py KW power {lel nertce etsenaitater sd 4p Nint praracnce [FO 9” ear erga : tee romsal_—| | Venel and Inns raion spec at mediante | ferment work ot 0 oe le rk {horror cir fe wa ‘acagiat yates Doubiecolt heat exchanger. Ax | siderably during fling ana empty: | Dire tra ae apliod to pro- clin enpl To gv in Pure 1s, | fn of hn vont. Fete 18 ss | vide ax pti interes between ‘hich ‘utaes the model ad the | the ocr ofthe ing ve a | theese md he gt Al esta af an anal ofa doce | certain decay and wemperture. on | proven empl rile the vale of ‘eat exchanger with alles Io tis | the bac naturel equnses Ti | the-iaxinum allowable enguler de ‘dy the detrmaton beaver ond | highs thei of pgiesing tase | fc healing, which {he ster Staton ofthe sl | aspect An optimum mechan de | lncorpates te maxim Sym ‘lind Then ra prone val | signer ead sowsdg | lndr generd by the agitate, An ‘Mlelabrmaton ris plco| te pees preter ‘pero eign koe patel ‘rust, determining he umber of | "The eet ofthe seal l-bigt | valcr fr he sexinun lesa edad na onthunger supports aod | ot the naural quencies ban | Galion yg) to enue a oulnt ‘ar dimnsonn rengreateripactonbeaterchang.| sires of the apator Mange and Veal fing’ nd empsing. This | ere worounding qed and the | te ver Campi ilotaton hy ging en; | id ise thw est elcanger | The anuhetring oto veel ‘lfrmion toured ‘srr | sl areas the extbangrt sae | cxn be agua teen ya Sign i ct sty bene in| ss loweig i snbral ero | le pi in Ye bad ‘inten Sharon ntoenord sor | Thoreinaeeesareaseatatayaua: | ung ners Ths ated fn JRA 9, whe ur iret done Ter eeseg ns | Cnsstat orm mh References Serban rewas | nedoninee un rte naar ere wat craens |, Be ‘ecg ene ha erenpl the Sales ‘hid ng cpt seiner rs {he teet compromise eet tad ‘trctral sveogth — a ed wal ind thckoon = wich ean the ‘eduction rl oat POM Beet |e ie Sil Serenata fps nh Soe E Rs {hs tay reat in cetly plant shut. umMateriais of construction ‘Nears eno ef taterial or the ‘portaee, an the material cots ‘ould take into cotiderase ‘de rage of ehemiels with heir tons hyaraute Toda, tempers bares, wear and coronon,Ferows Tear ated arent sited oa pe ting coins an in these tus nickel-based alloys or titanium, may Ihave to be soiled ‘The handing thd manutetaring sethode of non-fernae materials ‘oie a peal qual antrance ew Li and neo pails experti. The ‘reldng oan, or example, re {re tpproved welders an san feroue pation a» wel un atric ‘paraion fl from tater Migs 1, “Th opin! selection of the mate ria a tonatatin and Come Authors Soames mae ope eresrisee Pike: Becta aes ‘eis iis Sia fac fae ss Aiensanig prevents unnenesry inventnent a aly deren mene Imeurng eaten This ito ‘cily valid for ppletions tt ‘ewe bigh ede mate, cha {tantam, taalum end xtealim, Seber at nung pote would rome tea mace rent Tie by Dothy Locos ee oe HEL DISNEENNG NANCE CO AIM 4