5) Gi "between': The noun following it is majrtr because itis mud ihe fey Joke Gu Sate ale hamid sat between Bil and Fis oA should be repeated with pronouns, €.g.: Cy até Mk “This is between you and me. always office mee oe. once again ub length wih (eu) to perform ddstance saan lometre Jai 5 (@2) todo centimetre 5 (ba) toride mote between (6) to work between them (le. the two) prayer 104 Dr. V. Abdur RahimINTRODUCTION Full-time Islamic schools are 2 relatively new phenomenon In the Unita States. However, the ‘rent Such choos has been repid snd, Anamulilah, several hundred sac schools now exist ‘hate number's expected to mushroom farther nth coming years. Inthe Unite States, Islamic schools admit students 0s young as 3 years of age Pre-Kindergartan) ‘hd; inthe ensuing yrs these students progress Uaush Kindergerten, 1st rade anda the Way through 12th Grade, which me, neha Ala, they shoul be ready enter calloge Islamic schools currcula comprise secular subjects, which are generally the same as those ‘mandated bythe Gaunty orth State for public schools, In alton, Islamic schools tutor religious "ubjects suchas Arable islamic Studles ana Quran. The sendards to whieh stants are tutored Band tasted In secular subjects, on 2 grade-by-grade basis, are well documented so tat Bumaistrtors, teachers and studonts Know, a the outset, what ls expected In terms of Pertormance fiom each party, Equaly important, parents aré aware of such expectations, NO iar standards exist forthe relgus component f slam schools curreua “The Board of Directors of the Nu-Ulslam Academy, 9 fuly-accreted Islamic school (Pre-K ‘rough 12th grace) cated in the Fort Lauserdle area of Florida fet that the absence of wal ffocumented standards was not conducive to proper administration, teaching o learning. Asa fst ‘Step to compensate or ths shortcoming, the Board felt tat tere was an urgent ed to structure ‘nd publan series of textoooxe that woud wel int the structure and overall ciel a the NNurUlisiam Academy, and that may serve tha needs of ether schools in North America and scwnere This led the Academy's Board of Oiectors to ite Professor Abdur Rahim, Director of the ‘Translation Center of King Fahd Quran Printing Complex and former Professor of Arabic at the same Universty of Madinah, Saudi Arabia to vst the Academy and to produce 2 senes Of extooke that would enable Students to read, wre and speak Arable with some degree of prefisency by the eth Grade. Professor Abdur Rahim was both gracious and generous in Ns esponae snd traveled without delay to the Academy campus to undertake the exercise, His lots ed to this eignt-volumesvieseatering fr students rom Kindergrten through Sth Gree. Professor Abdur Rahim's eightvolume texts alow the language to be acquired inthe classical ‘Structural form. The books attempt to each language skis trough applica gramme, Each lesson onasts oa conversation based on certain language pattern Various ypes of exercises help the ‘Student to understand each of the patterns occuring Inthe lesson, ana to master them. The ‘Vocabulary represents clesial and’ Quranic words and expression, along with Words sed In ‘The series of books are currently being uiized at the Academy to prepare students for the Univesity f London (Uk) GCE Ordinary Level ond Advanced Lavel examination, va Edexcel Intemational ‘The Board of Directors, faculty, students and parents ofthe Nur-Ulslam Academy are very much Indetod to Professor Abdur Rahm fer hs generosity an devotion to our cause, and we pray that ‘Aah rewardehiminabundanes, May Ala les al who seekknowledg,Jazak lsh Khairan President Nur UL NurUtislam Aeacemy 0800 SW ssenstreet ‘Cooper ity, orga, USA 2) Numbers from 21 to 30: The two parts of the numbers are joined by Hea. Wb bya 9 Lely Note tat (2) Te ist pat ofthese numbers has tannin, e..: Ospey yey Hay ype Be yey Lely “The word Oh ofcourse, has no tamwn. (b) Le'y and Ott are masculine with the masculine mild. But the numbers from 3 to 9 are feminine, €. 5 Ose BB SES Sy prey att Ser Syne, dety Shey of tey Be Shey dy ey LAE Ser dy they bl Se) oyipey ets... (©) The médias singular and mansié. 3) i 9) dats ‘quarter to nine’: 9) iterally means ‘except’. Note that the noun after is mans: Note aso the following: Gis ae 9y Het LIN ten minutes to one.” 5 §y SH Ye mutes too bay yy KnwuNdet4I1 one minute to five.’ 4) We have learnt in Lesson 1 Ithas two meanings. These are (@)"T hope! and (b) "am aa “The first i called 31 and the second GUY In Ad eo 135 fis GLB) ast means am aad he will come back today late’ 1031 writes (kataba / ya-ktubu). 58 te te eit you, z+ ‘he performed sajdah’ “mn ‘he performs sajdah’ (sajada / yarsjudu), (©) 2+ group: inthis group, the second radical has'a’in the mand ‘in the mudéit,e., Cle the sat! alin he sits’ (alsa / ya-lisu). > "he beat’ \ ai "he beats’ (daraba / ya-dribu). (E> the washed’ (Jovi ne washes’ (ghasala/ ya-ghsilu) (©) 2a group: in this group the second radical hasan the médias well as the mudéri, e.g. (AS he went’ a. “ne goes’ (dhahabe /ye-dhhabu), ani ne opened ine opens (tah /yo-tah) {3 he ead! (3 he reads (gara’a / ya-qra'u) (@) i-a group: in this group, the second radical has ‘in the madi and ‘atin the mudéii, e.g.: a re undersea i “he understand! (hina /yAhame) Gp he drank’ pi ‘he drinks’ (shariba / ya-shrabu). 45 ‘he memorized’ Lad the memorizes'(hafiza/ ya-hfazu). As tere is no rue to determine the group of verb, the student should lam the group ofeach new verb he eas. Al god dinars mon this. While expressing a verb usually both the madi and the mudén'' are mentioned tether. If you are asked the Arabic fo to wit! you say Sis 102 rey Co rich ane tr NT Bre cue soa NrMadinah Arabic Reader Book 3 Nel col ta OLS STIPE ene nach Gl Professor Abdur Rahim, Director ofthe Translation, Centre of the King Fahd Quran Printing Complex. and former Professor of Arabic at the Islamic University of Madinah, Saudi Arabia, has authored texts designed to impart a knowledge ‘of classical Arabic through applied grammar. Each lesson, based on a conversation, illustrates distinctive language patterns. These patterns are elucidated. by a variety of helpful exercises. The vocabulary ranges from classical and Quranic Arabic to modern Arabic This series of books is currently being utilized at various schools to prepare students for the University of London (UK) GCE O-Level and A-Level examinations. POINTS TO REMEMBER Tn this lesson we lean the following 1) The present tense ofthe Arable verb: The Arabic verb has only three forms, These are: (2) te past tense which called the maa al (©) the present-futue tense wich i caled the mucin’ Call, and (© the imperative which is called the amr, We have already learnt the md In this lesson we wil leam the mu Wie wil learn the amrin Book IV. In the mudéii; one of the four letters®, |, 4, ¢¢ is prefixed to the verb. ‘We have learnt that ‘he wrote’ is C+—S (kataba). Now ‘he writes’ is (4S (ya-ktubu). Note that CAS means the writes,’*he is writing,’ or The wil write! Now let us see the difference between the forms of the médi and the mudi! 35 | We have leart that most Arabic verbs have three leters or radicals. In ‘the madi the first radical has a fathah, and in the mudén''it has a sukin. ‘The third radical has a fathah in the madi and a dammah in the mudérr. The second radial may have any ofthe three vowels (ata, kasrah or dammaty both in te médias well 2 in the mudi. According tothe vowel ofthe second radical, vers are classified in sb groups, We learn four ofthese inthis lesson, (2) a-u group: in this group, the second radical has ‘a’ in the magi and'v'in the mun e.g. 101Learn the following: 9 SS dh gta J a8 cry ale od bs oa (4) e ee Madinah Arabic Reader Book 3 AN EIGHT-PART ARABIC LANGUAGE COURSE AS TAUGHT AT THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, MADINAH Dr. V. Abdur RahimCONTENTS Lesson 1 3 Lesson 2 15 Lesson 3 2 Lesson 4 36 Lesson 5 a Lesson 6 31 Lesson 7 64 Lesson 8 n Lesson 9 at Lesson 10 96 figures with words: Mn re ‘count as 2012 ‘corny tnd Sa th Telsivraten rosy tt 21 aoomingate ice Semngnamatooua acorns vena use watataaai crtidobgnonoaiaiccm tigation : cmatinootpaeercom ate in ‘rember 5Look at the following examples: EFA BS BL fs Ub ah poe peat Gah Ga al «a END nt gs tee Lb eo'y Fill in the blanks with appropriate verbs in theAnswer the following questions: oy S35 CAS 8 BUS Ny gO eyaaly OUja a GB AP Ne () Answer the following questions:es pl co taudi a Mark the correct statements with this (v) and the incorrect ‘ones with this («): get Lb fats He CN USE aL Res ot ch (ads $ ayy cobs Cuulst saat Did this student ask you” (a haha?) 9) The final cs which is pronounced aff written aifwhen a pronoun of jarra nasb is attached to the word, €.9.: 3+ meaning’ » iba ts meaning’ SF ‘he ironed’ > 4145 ‘he ironed it.” 10) bs SLI L5IbI the fve new students: here the number i used as an adjective and soit comes ater the mild. Here are some more examples 45g,90 Site four books, Spa Jee Bh the ten men.” Ln goal te Six authentic Books of had’. {pb 1 BU he ve sites 11) S285 path Ji here wath} nas been brought forward for the sake of emphasis. Not the folowing: °T saw Bl (without emphasis) Gal; Soy te was Bilal that I saw’ (wth emphasis). ‘The second construction is used in case of doubt or denial Read the examples and make sentences like them with the help of the words that follow: Notice the use of 33: igh spt Tab pitt Qutb Bygil eles | A (ty ijt | Sines / a (0) EAlaias Ch ig Hl Jot figs due BP 9 gle 35 Ue cast ary sh FS O55 oped Fb all tha 6)Change the word ,} to masculine plural, cae aa singular and plural as shown in the example: ob ih Abn ge ory Goh 4% (2) 3h Casi is iy (07) reo) sf FB bir 2) ata GH) oh whe Read the examples and then complete the sentences that follow using jy or iJ in the blanks: pb sibel Se gli a (iy Wr J > ol for what?” why?” Wt Sp pe Yrom what? Note that the nin of + has been assimilated to the mi of & (min+ma > mimma) +56 > 42 about what?” Note thatthe ndin of oé has been assimilated to the mim of Ws (an+mé » ‘amma) 7) We have learnt the relative pronouns «gail (mas. sing.) nd (fem, sing). Now we learn their plural forms. The plural of eis ell and that of lis AW! . Here are some examples: Mas. sing: Sate ede gall SG oo GH lh LA “The man who left the headmaster’ ofc is anew teacher Mas, ph: ie Ostah path KG oy 1 Galli DEY “The men wo lft the headmaster’ ofc are ne teachers" yaaa pul tie oh Sa Fem. sing “The female student who sat infront of the lady teacher isthe headmistress’ daughter hah aul Au Sod “The female students who satin front ofthe lady teacher are the headmistress’ daughters.’ 8) We have learnt the particle | which turns a statement into a (question. Ifthe noun following it has J! the {changes to T, e. i Ody jadhh > ceil Ju L6a4lT \pid the teacher tell you” (@l-muderris-u?) ‘Did you see him today?" (Al-yaum-a?) 93.godt 51 eHow numerous the stars are!” 1 esi Mla gal G How easy tis lesson is” 4) We have leamt in Book I thatthe noun after takes only one gamma, eo. Vly Ube y 190 & Llake , Now if the noun after U is mudi is mansibeg: dd C4 U°0 daughter of Bia” een [adabes CHI U0 sister of Muhammad!” 1g i Won of my rater 453) 5 W°0 Lord of the Ka'baht” 1481 332 0 servant of Allah!” SU 4° bu Bak (Literally 0 Father of Bak. Note that the mans form of lis Uh Ne; W°0 our Lora” 5) We have learn ook Il that the noun ater (how many?) s singular and. mansib. But Wf the word gS is preceded by a preposition, the noun following it may be majnir or mansdb, e.9.: S28 Sy 9b How many rivals have you?” sda Jus Muy ¢SeHow many yas does this cost” Here botn Su, and J are permissible because ofthe prepostion Inthe same way we can soy S45 i J in how many days? 6) When the interragative ts preceded by a preposition, the aot \e is dropped, > ge ith what? 92 16 dee la h(t) ony cal (bedi 1 eee aus ae Read the examples and then write the séntences that follow, repla ing the figures with words: we db apt Gall) os Ulf = yee is) 0 oe AS Nees gee G3 Tre Ves OUST a J (ryoe Cobo oy} ul CHOwe (UBD UE yysdy jv GUS gy 55 we 10 oS gis Eo ene Cori pat Op25e ev SABE gp SU 5) Indeed the female students are in the buses, Here St is mansib because of 0} and is ‘mayrir because of the prepostion J, but both have the = ending, 2) We have learnt that 215 means saw you! and Sf means Y sew him.’ Now we lar the use ofthe pronoun ofthe fist person ‘me’. Nte the folowing: sells You saw me’ 4 gil ‘mah created me.’ {sath Ste the teacher asked me.’ ‘The pronoun of the first person is only 1 but an ‘is added between the verb and the pronoun‘ so thatthe final vowel ofthe verb may not be affected due to “1. AS we know ‘you saw’ is Cif; (rata) for masculine and <—t';(rafat) for feminine. If we say rata the Arabic phonetic system requires the omission of the vowel‘ or‘ before the pronoun ‘’. So the verb in both cases wil become ‘raait- and the difference between the masculine and feminine will be lost. That Is why an “Is inserted between the verb and the pronoun‘ (rita-n4, “se’aiti-n-t). This ndn is called ‘the ndn of protection’ 48g! & ¥ because it protects the final vowel ofthe verb from omission, 3) How to sayin Arabic ow beoutfl is this car’ What a beoutfUl car this "This sexoressed in Arabic by i,t sda (lat, Tis is called (Ak Jad (i.e, Verb of Wonder) and has the form Aladl One can use the pronoun é or any other pronoun in the accusative, or replace itby a mansib noun e.g: 1 BIG How good you are!” 131 G How poor she ist” onInthis lesson, we eam the folowing: 1) The nagb ending ofthe sound feriine paral: We have learn earlier thatthe normal nagb ending ofa noun is aby eis tab Now we learn that the nagb ending of @ noun inthe sound feminine plural form is instead oft, 9. ose te «1841 Cf) 1 saw the sons and the daughters.’ (a= i) In this sentence, both sii! and iS! are objects of the verb Gif, and s0 they are mansib. The noun +164) has the regular a’ ending but the has the i ending because itis found feminine plural which ‘abnd-a wa ba noun "Bll went out” “The particle 0 is used atthe begining ofa nominal sentence, e.g We U8 > ee Gust Note that the noun after ©] Is mangi, ie. it has ~a ending. After the Introduction of 3! the mubtada‘is no longer called mubtada, but is instead ‘alled ‘smu inna and the Khabaris called khabaru inna, ©} signifies emphasis. It can be translated as ‘indeed,’ ‘surely,’ ‘no doubt,’ and ‘erly! Note the following: If the mubtade’has one dammah it changes to one fathah ater ©, eg: fader all > daa (val Oy nb ii > sb ero 1 Ifthe mubtada’has two dammans, they change to two fathahs,e. Lan ae > Lae buate Oy anIf the mubtada‘ts a pronoun, it changes to its corresponding mansib form, e.g ols (sui For the mansib forms of al the pronouns, see Exercise 3. Note that the pronouns of the first person singular and plural have twe forms: tl el th 2) 8b: Tiss aso a particle ke 2) tis called one ofthe sisters of SY Grammatically, it acts ike, It signifies hope of fear, 69: bee alt The weather is fine.’ > lea “pull ad “Thope the weather i fine.’ Lay LAS The teacher is sick > Laas isa “Ym afraid the teacher is sk Inthis lesson, we have examples of 'T hope’ ony 3) sh: This word means "having’ of ‘possessing eg St 35 possessing wealth,’ ie. wealthy, (Bh 35 possessing manners, Le. wellmannered, He ob possesing knowedge Le eared Iki always mudi, and the following word is mug ia, and therefore itis maj. The feminine of 331s H'3, eg BB i5 Hy sole 93 54 aa s learned and his sister is well-mannered.” ‘The plural of s3is 453, and that of G3 is 133, e.g: Be ys Chi Be 3 Cat 1s gb ons Gun a (3 duit ada 32 Bgl ey 1051 a 5 gh gs Sh) J ON (faith gles yall daa op: Qa OY ai iss ikea ih SON fail les Au Ge of : Ral AN lS ard Sk BF Make sentences using the following words: ie Globe ‘ &VSS oe yy Learn the following words: ot) BHT) aut Jory mb + et) AN abd L251 a bal ob -y yr eed Rewrite the following sentences after changing the underlined words to the plural as shown in the example: G51 ath G76 gah oh gay end ote sail Cab ool vy Rewrite the following sentences after changing the underlined words to the plural as shown in the example: 4): 1t means or," but only in an iterrogative sentence, e.g Saatgd al Cal Cab tall af ae 133 byl s he from France or Germany?” “Aare you a doctor or an engineer? eit al Yul you see Bl or ami Note that the particle precedes one ofthe two things about which the ‘question is asked while #! precedes the other. So itis wrong to say: Cab al L508 call ie fi Ke Sy coast ‘The correct construction is: Ina nom-interogative sentence, ‘jis used for'or, €9 BIS fa 3 Take. this or that” bags foe Cah saw three or four” Sate 9f USe @ > "lal or Hamid went out. 3) Ba hundred, tall tousane Note that in ists the aiifis not pronounced. It s pronounced ‘Arab countries, itis also writen like this without the ali In certain Aer these two numbers the mali singular mar, 9: so'S tu one hundred books. ‘Dey alone noun ra i je vas, Here lis majrirbecause of the prepostion —. $3 and till nave the same form withthe feminine maid als, 9: wb ty, wea Lit 136) Je expensive!: Jb GUSiI ds This book is expensive.’ Here, JE isnot maj. is mart ts orignal form is JLB, The leery, ‘along with its dammah, have been omitted and the niin of tanwin has been transferred tothe preceding letter (ghal-yu-n » ghar). Here are some more words of hs type: fe a lawyer for ald, e.g abet Ut am a layer” 28 2 judge’ for {p28 0.9.: 28 col my father isa judge.” 212 valley for {5313 9: 313 V8 This isa vale.” ‘You wil later learn more about this dass of nouns dla U2 0) £55 etigent ie pundred oe suid tail thousand GE manners 445 rupee £52 marries inte page 23 unmarried ZU one who has passed asd ae the examination Sy Jews sleeve 8 dictionary 5Y8 dolar 14 sedis ods ee jell a ee a re dist, peer 8H) 42 Bs BEC ap aor NS QE path () t 2 pS ha FF used Ci 0) hizo Lat ida cry AN oe Corl Oia ou 1 Answer the following questions as shown in the example: ad Seip () rg ia wil 3a ev) tarcnall gb (jadi BT3i cry Learn the following: 37Read the following words with the correct endings: fety: bel Aeu ae Mae dy Ny: a ae CSG we CHI Oy ~ Ae at Ae & of Sy gab oe ste gh I Kivi: Se shy woe ge weal pty gy Read the examples and then read the words in the sound feminine plural form with the correct ending: 5 iN sha aay aly gle vy NaS odie KS (Hr) ugh a G8 UG (ry Sy yl ee (0) lly seb9) Ea (4) Sf VAUD Ciel (vy on ied igh 68 vy Sintity aotaty wigan, aalgely ante 5H) aT (YN) pen eS cel vale us. 1 88 yi sy en es GI sh Ge ul ree) diay ae i 15Rewrite the following sentences using a sw as shown in the examples: Qe is Obie BY ae eas Fu 3,4 stall a (4) the padi cr) cae) aida or) fig ep ia (4 Mark the correct statements with this (v) and the incorrect ‘ones with this (x): tals Bei yy Ghee fe CY) Cobre. iy aiaeyy 4 yee ol ih ory Garbt. | he piliay ; eth Bs Len (ably 1. Cabs [ah 1s (4 6) 16SMe oH CF) «TAI HE (8) SA Ge by (0) 8, eo) sod a Ge oo (vy dl dt Gl fe (Ay ela Ge tae aS (4) Sei ora ai Se Ae By) é 518 ly gle A 3 UR BELG) Cay hla JB 94 (1) cloupcal\ Sabai ptal (vy Stal adie ae —¥ Mark the correct statements with this (7) and the incorrect ones with this (*): \ jae ts Sh Bb (9 OS CE i fog ord LE (Y) IFN OWS) Bi G —£ Give the meaning of the following words: = fiir) 238 (1) 84 Learn the following: FN Jarl et) JH Rewrite the following sentences using (jtRewrite the following sentences using < example: Answer the following questions in the negative using (W) tetel dy sedi Eyal cry 18 sy sey he so gall ap si deg, pie gen ath J Sad 5b a5 9 cp 83sh sh 8 chad y aehtte a iy ha aed Gs Sp ey Sens Cb The teacher asks every student a question like the ones given below, and the student replies in the negative using {- : j : seal 25a (vy sea Spiel (yy Rewrite the following sentences using ye as shown in the example: oye > & es ee (9 Stet 58 3 abel) as aT Gah Se bay ath ce Gocap gee sews Ua ga sath 82 19ee Or Cytar Grae 20 ih ad 55 ah sith Jos si Nye ill aaah Soa) Subs of ph S88 BI 8 5 a ob bay a Si Spill pnb gah Si Pet ey GY di gal ys Ha i ah opie ee Call Sb OWS OE a Lad GU dy de IE Ub sap bill yo ce sibs ale ode ih US ab Ae dialing agp Witha aalen Lyell Ju HEU tbh as seth wisvhoods opsb diy afl gf re ee ag SN bh OS teadiy py a co Vase Li (5 tes Leathe oe ot Gey sg LS 4 oS SHG iy att le a is Oy anRead and remember: This is 2 revision lesson. Here we review the még with isnéd to all the ppronauns except those of the dual. The Janddto the pronouns of the dual 's treated fully in Book Five, In this lesson, we learn the following: Bese CN suas CI LT The house is not neve." Note that — is added to the Ahab, and itis therefore maj: After the introduction of J, the mubtada‘is called ismu faisa, and the Ahabaris called khabaru lisa The feminine of (uJ is J, eg.: tag C5 > Hea yar nj Cad Zainab is not si Hb YEN > teak HE CA The cris not old? Note that in the second example the suétin of SJ has changed to asrah because of the following “al” (aisat |sayyéretu > loser “sayyaratu). The forms of (-— with other pronouns are mentioned in Exercise 3. In wees Ci the pronoun & is the mu ass, and oti is the dhabar ‘oka, We can also say ite C5 Lil, Here Ul is mubeada’and the sentence pte C1 is stator This sentence is made up of smu lisa and ‘eiabar lisa 2s we have seen eater. Note the following: Loi ul > pak sigh yo i> gl OS * We can ao say dir EJ. Hee the Ahabarhas no rts mans You wil lea itr Ba aIF the Khabar aisais prepostonal clause tke Ag j,i doesnot take So one does not say il ae Sa We have seen in Books One and Two that if the mubtada’is indefinite and the Khabar is a prepostionat cause, the mubtada’ comes after the Ahabar,e9. 9941 J have brothers With x this sentence becomes Ado “Thave no brothers.’ Here 8 3+ is ismu lasa and «J is Khabar laisa. 2) 1F BL is added to a sentence like 33341 4, it becomes 5+) J OY Here 8 5+! is mansdb because it is ismu inna, and 3 is khabaru inna. 3) dab 23 U9 ‘Bld, son of Hémid’. In a construction like this, the alif is omitted in writing, and the preceding word loses its tani. 4) 5) 2 erly means Who isthe brother” tis a polte way of asking a stranger who e's. iA meeting iy 55-2 Ul Lam happy to mest you." 3 good 22 Read and remember: He Bir (ein tee wy (ebm 5+ B= sy ‘gs (eb Ek go + Sl Se = + [= Cay b+ acsiy (wie (gat bead +e me Some attached pronouns: Ga pr a yas oe ih ab: gues og su 79we Rad tab fas 78tated of Var Saal By tll gag go Ul aT jh i Sal Sy oath arta ule ge Roma nvernnveal SEI bling Gey GS 8 Bi Leal Sel: Ue 5) ee ees Answer the following questions: fai gob Soe fe gp tb bl 3a5 (6) bob ptil (5) Sth oy orcad Lobdh plat (yi Mark the correct statements with this () and the incorrect ones with this (x): RAN Rata el ote gall yacalt Labatt (9) yb ey elas ae9) G15 ‘one-third’: Fractions like ‘one third,” ‘one fourth,’ ‘one fifth,” ec. upto one tenth areon the pattern of (4, The dammah ofthe second leer € is mosty omtted. Cl and ps, however, retain it broom ll EES ast week ‘spectacles ae ‘minaret pire am soap Je high loud (fem: fics it ete football wm morning staircase ee halt wheel he waked broadcasting, edo he took lastnight he placed wy orange he found VEE pasta he ote for 76 (be ty SoA otal iy Read the following examples of denis o abt g ts (ay en, Sl op Soot Sal cay 5 (esa al Make sentences with the help of the foliowing words using asad al: BE BS | Bal 1) 25Cabs | Gadi the cry BIS [uh (oy et jae 8) 1 Oe (vy wees [tee /esi ay sve Giallo / Sieh pat | Ba | LS ty Sadik aye le ENN od Se GF Las Fa co) peal Read the examples, then change the sentences using ol Je22!l gen the examples: fat BN SIA Sn Ub iad (ty may eng Gals ee dll 3 tb “geol & Nb I Bye Hg ode (1) gee Cod Su cry 58 es HE) Hoag tot ode (£) Se ois Wa (0) et ob 55 5 ao Heal tae 5a591 (Vy) We wil ea tis ater. 6) Note the fotowing 33 (be) bearded man’ 1 9b Jeo the bearded man’ In the frst example, 3 qualifies an indefinite noun, and in the second example, a definite noun ,U'S1, We know that the adjective of a definite noun should also be definite, But 3° is mudlrand cannot take So this Is overcome by making the mud Waihi definite by adding J. So in 3 SS 5b the madara mains indefinite and in ALI 33 Se it becomes definite (ie), Here are some more examples: ea GE 48 Us" sale ‘I have a book with a beautiful cover.’ JE Joaiall Guth 45 CotSI The book with the beautiful cover is expensive (oad Beh dyAb1 93 At abi The mosque with one minaret is old.” 1) Te etter mimi seks eH Gh Sis nas suk And tis sukin changes to demmah when flowed by hamzet ates e) Sa > Sushi 62% (bai-urkumartad if (@ rafaitum-u i > Guy WS > & eS (ktdb-u-hum-w-igacin-u) ph > eat gSLT (@ sefatum-u-bra-hiy 8) 24h it erally means ‘ejoice at the good news’ Its used in reply to @ request and implies ‘Don't worry. You will get what you want.” 78 815 "You saw him’ (raaitum-G-hu). 'y"You saw them.’ Here are some more examples: 84 Le > 6 ptLE vou washed it’ 5) 2 ‘he was' It is used in a nominal sentence, e.9. fails 3 O5u pital is inthe class." faith 9 Ud SE Bia was in the dass’ 1 d LeSatdi The teacher is in the library.’ Kit 3 {45th a1 The teacher was inthe library.” sr sr The pen is under the book.’ OIF “The pen was under the book.’ gel 3 (55 Zainab is in the kitchen hp 5} SIF zen wasin te btcen’ ‘You wil noice here that the Khabarin each ofthese examples i a clause: shi cos geht gb AKA pn change takes place in a cause after the introduction of OLS. But ifthe Afiabaris @ noun, it is rendered _mansib after the introduction of 2, e.g: Gauge OG > Langa Dd OE Bal was sick” 74 Kio bys Ub (4) = SB) prlbty Gh Saki le ak oe IF Ge RL §b sgdhd En 1epearsl yy oS Combine each pair of the following sentences u: shown in the example bearing in mind that “ bgt b! & “Tid nt go to the market.” dancnall iy Ay! &F Le"The mdm did not go out of the mosque.’ sorlir ts USS, oly 5 Bl entered but he did not sit” 3) The difference between ‘ai and «gli: The word gi is used in reply to a negative question. If @ Muslim is asked Splints Cit ware you not a Muslim?’ the answer is: lin’ Ul « gli'Yes, I am a Muslim.’ But if @ non- Muslim is asked the same question, he replies, plinty Sol cya, So in reply to a negative question, «wi means ‘no’ and Li means ‘yes’ German has a word for Ibis ‘doch. 4) 4: pecause’,e9 34 pall BY CO Gp Ce U4 1 alid not go out of the house because the weather Is cod.” aia BY Ae 25 Sy Gea] CS uorahim went to the hospital because he is sick.” Note that O4 is made up of J Yor’ and Of which is a sister of So the noun folowing ies mangib {AY may no harm come to you!’ (Said to one who is sick.) GO tea anBS alg Learn the following: bw = tail oo cee 2 taiji cee g Hs CSI Write the Gis and 3/204 forms of the following nouns:110 g USI VA aol ale 9 cr ABE 8 Ge HE VY 9 BI 04 T Sue (oy . ip wth vay ia (£) ANSI yo SE Set ve AVY ye Sad CT Count from 11 to 20 with each of the following words as Sydaa: Fill in the blanks as shown in the examples: be i Obie tae ee Sus Pt is Quake WE (1) Answer the following questions: HALA oo Lely ep tad gail ny Sa Ch Ca Gui cay $B B84 (ty Be HAG i aul SA 0c oercall Leb pul (-y tal old 6 Mark the correct statements with this (V) and the incorrect ‘ones with this (*):Jett Cae ity he TAN Jobb Ju Ils JeLi e -t ala IS SAT Ray a J ill Ci oy Draw one line under the (je and two lines under the {) iis ¢ “4 in the following sentences and vowelize their last letters: agi thay ia tpinyy Read the following: i | senalt J) CAS, O18 Ik ee (A) wg Go yi adh ay Heath EH J 81 Jud Ad (V+) oul IN eadl |L5 Fill in the blanks with suitable words and vowelize their last letters: \r the figures with words: ESI ta Sy tke ve ula cry on 37Read the examples, and answer the following questions Sp Lal ilst i tB using the suitable pronoun (:,2/18/ 4/8): a ous caf hey bite oe CHG! oy ip T Lasoly wy Sis Use each of the following words in a sentence as 4 Ua and vowelize its last letter: Sass oy cal Jy Sth ss | fap Sai x6 —A Change each of the following nomi nal sentences to verbal sentences as shown in the example: agin S980 that jf Is a sister of : ag ty S981 (1) cape fe Coal bt St fe ath Heys Si (ry 56 4s(ail gles Gulati (£) pail ip pip Of () IS a | pie) gOS (Ay Fl ST | Fd SK (Ay eset Sy gh Ce (4) AN sags CHI CV) Read and remember: Ag ety 4 sid 3 1 ty y Abst 1B cry Nits Lh ST ry cena el gh ai Make a sentence from each pair of verbs on the pattern of the examples above. Note that the second verb has the plural ending while the first does not: it | idly. ii) 3448) .. Ct Athy... (hocaalt / S154) / Lett) 46 Learn the following: L. i, oy Notice the use of (ij and ai: wa aN gS Lud Def ow -0 Make suitable questions to the following answers: Lois oil ali 3 OS a OI o OW acs li ©. OY Law ¢. aij da Cee Y ¢,sell Cae) BY) te oA a Chae 354 i) Sid ealy ph Claes CLE 2,0 atlul co) satay Chae eb LA (Ay Hae G(s) GH i (4) ye Wnt Tt) Vowelize the in the following sentences: sh J as shay ag 6 Caleb Jy aa cy J Slay abd yal J) ail (4 54 YN tS Sua Use each of the following verbs in a sentence: poe a7In this lesson, we learn the folowing: 1) The Fi (the subject) of a verbal sentence: We have already learnt that in Arabic there are two types of senter nominal sentence commences with a noun, and the verbal sentence rominal and verbal. The commences with a verb. The subject of a verbal sentence is called fd (eit, es Ode C485 iil went. ‘The /3i/is marfl, The f3i!can be 2 pronoun aso, e.9§ 185 ahahab-@ ‘they went: the fis the wa. ‘285 dhahab-ta ‘you went’: the /ifis "a (G3 dhahab-na we went’: the /i/is ‘na’. Note that in (thi! a5 the students went, the verb C85 has no wai at the end, because 1985 means ‘they went,’ and if we say CASI | 285 it means ‘they the students went’ Ths isnot correct because there cannat be two (iis for a ver. But we can soy 1x83 CALS, Here, GALI is mubtada’and the sentence 185 they went’is khabar ‘The same also applies to third person feminine, e.g.: SA) CRS the girts went’ or Goad Ga, Learn this ule Nominal sentence: .1¢83 LABS eas Sut Verbal sentence: Sibi Cad eu “Las 2) The maf bi (the object). The maf bibiis mansé hate as 554 6h (Vy Spit Ce BIg Be TGS Cy se wt ah Bia wei aheah pat w (ry ‘AYE ee tal (=) tah ody eect oe gual) UO ade ge —y Mark the correct statements with this (v) and the incorrect ones with this (x): se Sahie de) PF AO at sith Je Re Answer the following questions (These questions are not based on the lesson): 53.i Ble IA LEYS: fie SBialey aby GaT 05 Gut: AL Ci beam 85 Sof ad Ol os : (Bay po by AT oe Oo oh wis ee Bye Ut ayo Hb wy ante w: Ab a oe or LU) 4p) a the boy opened the door.” Here HL! is the mafi/ bihi and so it is mansiib. Here are some more evampes: Wate Cat 1 saw Hamid” i dh WIL The headmistress asked Zainab,’ stl 169) 3 -The man drank water” 481 Aft JL The boy asked his mother.’ Note that in the last example the mat bis umm (3), and soi takes the a-ending, and the pronoun fd is not part of ft (umm-a-hd). Here are some more examples ofthis kind: {1 saw your house.’ (9 + C4 bait-a-ka) 49S CAlbst 63 “The student opened his book.’ (3 + GAS ktdb-a-hd) ‘The maf bihi can be a pronoun, e.g.: Ate Sou S51 saw Bi and asked him.” 3) The adn of the tanwin is followed by a kasrah if the next word commences wth hamzat alas, €.9. tal ate 3 shariba hamid-u-n- mia, Here if the Aasrah is not added it is difcut to pronounce the letter combination -ni- This is called 2 Cs combination of two vowels letters.’ Whenever such a combination occurs, its removed by inserting a {asrah between them. Here are some more examples: 43) Joe Je setae Bilal ON Lead a soma adhan.) na-hu. (Bilal asked his son.) svt-Ladhan-a. (Faisal heard the4) We have learnt earlier that most Arabic verbs have only three letters which are called radicals. The frst letter is called the first radical, the ‘second {s called the second radical, and the third is called the third radical Ne ‘Third Radical Second Radical Notice that in the még the first and the third radicals have fathak The ‘second radical may have fathah, kasrah or dammah, e. Kiorg grapes he broke ‘ganana he heard fig he understood awn he drank answer he memorized question he beat snake he entered gr00er he ate stick he washed coffee he killed shop (pl. os&s) bread iting board wel 50