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Composite 150222013228 Conversion Gate02 PDF
Composite 150222013228 Conversion Gate02 PDF
1960 - Traditional or
Macrofilled composites
Other fillers:
Tricalcium phosphate & Zirconium
dioxide.
Recently fluoride fillers like: Yittrium trifluoride &
Yitterbium trifluoride are introduced.
H2O
Activator-initiator system
HEAT ,LIGHT AND SOME CHEMICALS CAUSES
DECOMPOSITION OF BP RESULTING IN FREE
RADICALS THAT INITIATE POLYMERISATION .
HENCE IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT COMPOSITE
SHOULD STORED IN COOL ,DARK ,CLEAN
ENVIORNMENT .
USES-RESTORATIONS AND LARGE FOUNDATION
STRUCTURES THAT ARE NOT EASILY CURED WITH A
LIGHT SOURCE.
THESE COMPOUND ABSORBS
LIGHT(VISIBLE AND UV) AND
GENERATE FREE RADICALS .
FOR SYSTEM USING
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
INITATION BENZION ALKYL
ESTER IS USED AS
INITIATORS.
FOR SYSTEMS USING VISIBLE
LIGHT A DIAKETONE SUCH
AS CAMPHOROQUINONE
(APP.0.2%) IS USED .
CQ ABSORBS BLUE LIGHT
(400-500NM),PRODUCES AN
EXCITED STATE OF
CQ+AMINE FREE
RADICALS.
INHIBITORS
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)-0.01%
4 –Methoxy phenol (PMP)
Extends storage life and provides sufficient working
time
THESE COMPOUNDS ARE USED IN AMOUNTS OF
0.1 % OR LESS
OPTICAL MODIFIERS
Pigments-metal oxides
Opacifiers-titanium dioxide & aluminum oxide-0.001-
0.007%
Darker shade & opacifier-thin layers
UV light absorbers
TYPES OF COMPOSITES
TRADITIONAL COMPOSITES
SMALL PARTICLE COMPOSITES
MICROFILLED COMPOSITES
Prepolymerized paricles(organic fillers)+colloidal silica+monomer
THANK YOU
FLOWABLE
COMPOSITES
Created for special handling properties – Fluid
injectibility.
PROPERTIES
Inorganic filler 65-81 wt %
Compressive strength 220-300 MPa
Flexural strength 85-100 MPa
Tensile strength 40-45 MPa
Elastic modulus 3-13 GPa
Depth of cure 6 mm
Antibacterial Composites
Composites that offer antibacterial properties are promising
since several studies have shown that a greater amount of
bacteria and plaque accumulate on the surface of resin
composite than on the surface of other restorative material /
enamel surface.
Imazato et al 1994 incorporated a non-releasing newly
synthesized monomer MDPB with anti-bacterial properties
into resin composites.
MDPB is methacryloxy decyl pyridinium bromide. It was
found to be effective against various streptococci
Ytterbium triflouride
Silicon dioxide
r top units
CONVENTIONAL HALOGEN
CURING LAMPS
E.g.: Optilux 500
Advantages
Less cost
Simple, well known
technology
Little/no heat
Disadvantages
Slow cure time
Plug into electricity
Large, cumbersome
Decreased output
Replace lamp
Halogen gas
protects filament by:
oxidation
re-deposits tungsten
to filament by:
Halogen Cycle Light guides
Plasma Arc units
Two tungsten electrodes
Pressurized chamber
Contains xenon gas
High-voltage spark
It ionizes xenon gas
Advantages
Curing time-3 sec
Short procedure
Disadvantages
Heat production
High cost
Large, bulky
Argon laser
ADVANTAGES
units
Correct wavelength
Deeper & faster curing
Better mech properties
Decreased sensitivity to curing tip
distance
Less post-op sensitivity & discomfort
DISADVANTAGES
Increased shrinkage, brittleness
Marginal leakage
Heat increase on surface
Expensive
Bulky equipment
LED units
Narrow emission spectrum
440-490 nm
peak at 470 nm
near absorption max activation
of camphoroquinone
efficient
ADVANTAGES
Cordless,light weight
Long lasting
No heat
Moderate curing time
Quiet
DISADVANTAGES
New technology
Slower than PAC
Batteries must be recharged
Higher cost
Low intensity
First Second Third
generation Generation
generation
high cost Single large
low surfaced emitting
irradiance LED chips 1 or more low-
< 300 lower cost powered chips
mW/cm2 higher irradiance that emit a
increase > 600 mW/cm2 second
exposure similar to frequency
time
halogen
High heat
production
Optical Safety
Do not look directly at light
Protection recommended
glasses
Shields
Polymerization rate
Cavity configuration
Cavity configuration [C-FACTOR]
BONDED WALLS
C=
UNBONDED WALLS
5Bonded
4Bonded C=
C= 1Unbonded
2Unbonded
C-FACTOR 2 C-FACTOR 5
Clinical techniques
Curing rate control
Incremental build-up
Radio
opacity(mm\Al) 0.1 2-3 2-3 2-4 0.5-2
OTHER PROPERTIES
CLINICAL TECHNIQUE…
INITIAL PROCEDURES
Local anesthesia
Preparation of operating
site
Shade selection
Isolation
Rubber dam
Cotton rolls
Preoperative wedging
Tooth preparation
CONVENTIONAL
DESIGN
Conventional Tooth Preparation
are those typical for amalgam
restoration
walls in butt joint junction (90º)
with the restorative material
Indications-
i. Preparations located on root
surfaces.
ii. Moderate to large class I
or class II restorations.
MODIFIED
LINGUAL SLOT
Apply ample
amounts, Remove
leave solvent with
undisturbed air-syringe
It penetrates the irregularities on enamel and bonds
CURING:
INDICATIONS
Pt. with high esthetic demand, low caries rate with
small proximal caries without involvement of the
marginal ridge.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Large proximal caries involving marginal ridges.
Marginal Ridges under excess occlusal loads.
Difficulty in access
Proximal Tunnel
Caries Prep.
Round bur
GIC
placed Composi
te over
GIC
ADVANTAGES
Marginal ridge is preserved
Reduced microleakage
Adjucent tooth preserved
DISADVANTAGES
Poor visibility & lack of caries removal
Marginal ridge may be undermined
Prep. may extend closer to pulp than desired
SANDWICH TECHNIQUE
Developed by McLean.
Laminate or Bilayed technique.
Large Class III, IV, V & Class I, II.
COMPOSITE
COMPOSITE
GIC GIC
In close sandwich the GIC is placed over pulpal floor and
axial wall then composite is placed and cured on the GIC
In open sandwich the GIC is placed on the gingival seat
and on that
composite is cured till
the occlusal level
ADVANTAGES
Favourable pulpal response due to biocompatibility of
GIC.
Fluoride release minimizes recurrent caries.
Less composite, less polymerisation shrinkage.
DISADVANTAGES
Time consuming.
Technique sensitive.
Adhesion of composite with GIC is a worry.
CONCLUSION
Composites have acquired a prominent place among the
filling materials employed in direct techniques. Their
considerable aesthetic possibilities give rise to a variety of
therapeutic indications, which continue to grow as a result
of the great versatility of the presentations offered.
Nonetheless, it should not be forgotten that they are
highly technique-sensitive, hence the need to control
certain aspects: correct indication, good isolation, choice
of the right composite for each situation, use of a good
procedure for bonding to the dental tissues and proper
curing are essential if satisfactory clinical results are to be
achieved.
REFERENCES…
Phillips’: Science of dental materials
Sturdevant : Art and science of operative dentistry
Vimal Sikri : Textbook of operative dentistry
Marzouk : Operative dentistry - modern theory and practice
Craig: Dental marterials
Charbeneau : Principles & practice of operative dentistry
Goldstein : Esthetics in dentistry