TAREA:

Resolver para 10 elementos finitos

X=0 X=L
T(0,t)=40°C T(0,t)=200°C

Discretizando el dominio de la barra en 10 elementos

T7 T8 T9 T10 T11
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6

La solución sería:

Para el primer elemento.

0  x 1

dT ( x1 ) x2
   f ( x) N1 ( x) dx
1  1 1  T1  dx x1
  T   
x2  x1  1 1   2  dT ( x1 ) x2
  f ( x) N 2 ( x )dx
dx x1

dT 1 x x
   10 2 dx
1  1 1  T1  dx 0 x2  x1
  
x2  x1  1 1  T2  dT x2 x  x1
  10 dx
dx x1 x2  x1
 dT 1 1 x
   10 dx
1  1 1  1
T dx 0 1
  
1  0  1 1  T2  dT x2 x0
  10 dx
dx x1 1

dT 1
  10(1  x) 0
 1 1  1
T dx
  T  
 1 1   2  dT 1
 10 x 0
dx

dT ( x1 )
 5
 1 1  T1  dx
   
 1 1  T2  dT ( x1 )
5
dx …………………. (1)

Para el segundo elemento

1 x  2

dT ( x2 ) x3
   f ( x) N1 ( x)dx
1  1 1 T2  dx x2
  T   
x3  x2  1 1   3  dT ( x2 ) x3
  f ( x) N 2 ( x)dx
dx x2

dT 2 x x
   10 3 dx
1  1 1 T2  dx 1 x3  x2
  
x3  x2  1 1  T3  dT 2 x  x2
  10 dx
dx 1 x3  x2

dT 1 2 x
   10 dx
1  1 1  T2  dx 0 1
  
2  1  1 1  T3  dT 2 x 1
  10 dx
dx 1 1

dT 1
  10(2  x) 0
 1 1  2
T dx
  1 1  T   
  3 dT 1
 10( x  1) 0
dx
 dT ( x2 )
 5
 1 1 T2  dx
   
 1 1  T3  dT ( x2 )
5
dx …………………(2)

Para el tercer elemento

2 x3

dT x4
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1   3 
T dx x
 T   
3


x4  x3  1 1   4  dT x4
  f ( x) N 2 ( x)dx
dx x3

dT 3 x x
   10 4 dx
1  1 1 T3  dx 2 x4  x3
  
x4  x3  1 1  T4  dT 3 x  x3
  10 dx
dx 2 x4  x3

dT 3 3 x
   10 dx
1  1 1 T3  dx 2 1
  
3  2  1 1  T4  dT 3 x2
  10 dx
dx 2 1
3
dT x2
  10(3x  )
1  1 1 T3  dx 2 2
  
3  2  1 1  T4  dT x2
3

 10(  2 x)
dx 2 2

dT ( x3 )
 5
 1 1 T3  dx
   
 1 1  T4  dT ( x3 )
5
dx …………….. (3)

Para el cuarto elemento

3 x  4
 dT x5
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1 T4  dx x4
  T   
x5  x4  1 1   5  dT x5
  f ( x) N 2 ( x) dx
dx x4

dT 4 x x
   10 5 dx
1  1 1 T4  dx 3 x4  x3
  
x4  x3  1 1  T5  dT 4 x  x4
  10 dx
dx 3 x5  x4

dT 4 4 x
   10 dx
1  1 1 T4  dx 3 1
  
4  3  1 1  T5  dT 4 x 3
  10 dx
dx 3 1
4
dT x2
  10(4 x  )
 1 1 T4  dx 2 3
   
 1 1  T5  dT
4
x2
 10(  3 x)
dx 2 3

dT ( x4 )
 5
 1 1 T4  dx
   
 1 1  T5  dT ( x4 )
5
dx ………….. (4)

Para el quinto elemento

4 x5

dT x6
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1 T5  dx x5
  T   
x6  x5  1 1   6  dT x6
  f ( x) N 2 ( x)dx
dx x5
 dT 5 x x
   10 6 dx
 1 1 T4  dx 4 x4  x3
   
 1 1  T5  dT 5 x  x5
  10 dx
dx 4 x5  x4

dT 5 5 x
   10 dx
 1 1 T5  dx 4 1
   
 1 1  T6  dT 5 x4
  10 dx
dx 4 1
5
dT x2
  10(5 x  )
 1 1 T5  dx 2 4
 1 1  T   5
   6  dT x2
 10(  4 x)
dx 2 4

dT ( x5 )
 5
 1 1 T5  dx
   
 1 1  T6  dT ( x5 )
5
dx ………….. (5)

Para el sexto elemento

5 x6

dT x7
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1 T6  dx x6
  T   
x7  x6  1 1   7  dT x7
  f ( x) N 2 ( x)dx
dx x6

dT 6 x x
   10 7 dx
 1 1 T6  dx 5 x7  x6
   
 1 1  T7  dT 6 x  x6
  10 dx
dx 5 x7  x6
 dT 6 6 x
   10 dx
 1 1  6
T dx 5 1
   
 1 1  T7  dT 6 x 5
  10 dx
dx 5 1
6
dT x2
  10(6 x  )
 1 1 T6  dx 2 5
   
 1 1  T7  dT
6
x2
 10(  5 x)
dx 2 5

dT ( x6 )
 5
 1 1 T6  dx
   
 1 1  T7  dT ( x6 )
5
dx ………….. (6)

Para el séptimo elemento

6 x7

dT x8
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1 T7  dx x7
  T   
x8  x7  1 1   8  dT x8
  f ( x) N 2 ( x) dx
dx x7

dT 7 x x
   10 8 dx
 1 1 T7  dx 6 x8  x7
   
 1 1  T8  dT 7 x  x7
  10 dx
dx 6 x8  x7

dT 7 7x
   10 dx
 1 1 T7  dx 6 1
   
 1 1  T8  dT 7 x6
  10 dx
dx 6 1
 7
dT x2
  10(7 x  )
 1 1 T7  dx 2 6
 1 1  T   7
   8  dT x2
 10(  6 x)
dx 2 6

dT ( x7 )
 5
 1 1 T7  dx
   
 1 1  T8  dT ( x7 )
5
dx …………. (7)

Para el octavo elemento

7 x8

dT x9
   f ( x) N1 ( x )dx
1  1 1 T8  dx x8
  T   
x9  x8  1 1   9  dT x9
  f ( x) N 2 ( x) dx
dx x8

dT 8 x x
   10 9 dx
 1 1 T8  dx 7 x9  x8
   
 1 1  T9  dT 8 x  x8
  10 dx
dx 7 x9  x8

dT 8 8 x
   10 dx
 1 1 T8  dx 7 1
   
 1 1  T9  dT 8 x7
  10 dx
dx 7 1
8
dT x2
  10(8 x  )
 1 1 T8  dx 2 7
 1 1  T   8
   9  dT x2
 10(  7 x)
dx 2 7
 dT ( x8 )
 5
 1 1 T8  dx
   
 1 1  T9  dT ( x8 )
5
dx …………. (8)

Para el noveno elemento

8 x9

dT x10
   f ( x ) N1 ( x)dx
1  1 1  9 T dx x
 T   
9


x10  x9  1 1   10  dT x10
  f ( x) N 2 ( x) dx
dx x9

dT 9 x x
   10 10 dx
 1 1  T9  dx 8 x10  x9
   
 1 1  T10  dT 9 x  x9
  10 dx
dx 8 x10  x9

dT 9 9 x
   10 dx
 1 1  T9  dx 8 1
   
 1 1  T10  dT 9 x 8
  10 dx
dx 8 1
9
dT x2
  10(9 x  )
 1 1  T9  dx 2 8
   
 1 1  T10  dT
9
x2
 10(  8 x)
dx 2 8

dT ( x9 )
 5
 1 1  T9  dx
   
 1 1  T10  dT ( x9 )
5
dx …………. (9)
Para el décimo elemento

9  x  10

dT x11
   f ( x) N1 ( x)dx
1  1 1 T10  dx x10
  T   
x11  x10  1 1   11  dT x11
  f ( x) N 2 ( x)dx
dx x10

dT 10 x x
   10 11 dx
 1 1 T10  dx 9 x11  x10
   
 1 1  T11  dT 10 x  x10
  10 dx
dx 9 x11  x10

dT 10 10  x
   10 dx
 1 1   10 
T dx 9 1
   
 1 1  T11  dT 10 x 9
  10 dx
dx 9 1
10
dT x2
  10(10 x  )
 1 1 T10  dx 2 9
  1 1  T   10
   11  dT x2
 10(  9 x)
dx 2 9

dT ( x10 )
 5
 1 1  T9  dx
   
 1 1  T10  dT ( x10 )
5
dx …………. (9)
Matriz parcial 1

 dT ( x1 ) 
   5
 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T1  dx
 
 1 1
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T2   dT ( x2 ) 
  5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T3   dx 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T4   0 
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T5   0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T6    0 
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T7   0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T8   0 
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T9   0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  T10   0 
    
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  T11   0 
 0 
  ………….. (A)

Ensamblando con la ecuación del elemento 2

 dT ( x1 ) 
  5    dT ( x1 )  5
dx   
 T1   dx
 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0     dT ( x2 ) dT ( x2 ) 
  
 1 2 1  T  5   5  10 
0     dx 
2
 0 0 0 0 0 0 dx  
T    dT ( x3 )
 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  3   
dT ( x3 )   5 
   T4   5   dx 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 T5  
dx   0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0    0   
   T6      0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0    0   
T7  0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0    0 
   T8     0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0    0   0

0 0 0  T9    
0 0 0 0 0 0 0   0  
  T10    0
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0     0   
T
 11     0 
0  
   0 
 0 
……………….. (B)
La ecuación (B) lo ensamblamos a la ecuación del elemento (3)

 dT ( x1 ) 
  5    
 dx    dT ( x1 )  5
 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T1   dT ( x ) dT ( x2 )   dx
  1 2 1    2
 5   5 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T2    10 
  dx dx  
 0 1 1  1 0   T3   dT ( x3 ) 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 dT ( x3 )   10 
   5  5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T4   dx dx  dT ( x4 )
 

 5 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T5   dT ( x4 )   dx 
    5  
0   T6    
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 dx  0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T7   0   0 
     
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T8   0 0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T9   0   0 
     
0 0 0  T10   0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  T11   0   0 
   
 0   0 
 0 
 
……………… (C)

La ecuación (C) en el ensamble de los elementos (1) al (9) luego ensamblando en

la ecuación (C) con el elemento (10)

 dT ( x1 ) 
  5    dT ( x1 )  5
dx   
 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T1   dx
 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T   10   
   2    10 
 10   
 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T3  10
    10   
 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 T
 4     10 
 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0   T5  
10   
 10 
    10 
 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0  6  
T     10 
 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0   T   10   
   10 
   7
10
 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0   8 
T    10 
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0   T   10   
  9   dT ( x )  10 
 dT  (x )   
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 T10   10
5 10
 5  10
     dx dx  
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 T
  11     
dT ( x11 ) 

 (x )
dT 
  dx  5 
11
5 
 dx 

………………(D)
A la ecuación (D) se le debe incorporar las condiciones de frontera

Sabemos que: T1  40C y T11  200C

dT ( x1 )
T1  T2   5
 dx

dT ( x1 )
 T2  T1  5
dx

dT ( x1 )
 T2  35
dx ……….. (I)

 T1  2T2  T3  10
2T2  T3  50 ………… (II)

 T2  2T3  T4  10 ……(III)

 T3  2T4  T5  10 …….(IV)
 T4  2T5  T6  10 ……..(V)
 T5  2T6  T7  10 ……….(VI)
 T6  2T7  T8  10 ………..(VII)
 T7  2T8  T9  10 ……….(VIII)
 T8  2T9  T10  10 ………(IX)
 T9  2T10  T11  10
T9  2T10  200  10
T9  2T10  210 ………..(X)

dT ( x11 )
T10  T11  5
 dx
dT ( x11 )
T10  200  5
dx
dT ( x11 )
T10   195
dx ………..(XI)

Con las ecuaciones (I), (II),…, (XI) formamos sistema de ecuaciones lineales
  dT ( x1 ) 
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   dx   35 
 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T   
   2   50 
 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   T3   10 
    
 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0   T4
  10 
 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0   T5   10 
    
 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0   T6
   10 
 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0   T   
   7   10 
 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0   T8   10 
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0   T   
   9   10 
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0   T10   210 
    
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1  dT ( x11 )   195
 
 dx 