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    Heisig - Remembering The Kanji 2 PDF

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    Yukimi Sugita

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    REMEMBERING THE KANJI Il systematic guide to reading abanes se characters James W. Heisig ©1987 by James W. Heisig All cghts reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereoin any form without the writen permission ofthe publisher. Published by Jaeay Pusticanions Trabine Co.. Lip. 1-2-1, Sarugaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101° Japan First edition, First printing: January 1987 Seventh printing: March 1993, Distributors: Une Srares: Kodansha America, In, though Farrar, Sirs & Cirous, 19 Union Square West, New York, N.Y. 10003 aya: Pishenry & Whiteside Lal, 9! Cranton Drive, pation Hi) Omari. fab 283 uns Tous and Eunomian Connnst: Premier Book Marketing Ld ‘A 1 Gower are London WCIE OHA. it vsraalin and New ZeaLan.Boolwise Intemational, $4 Critenden Road, Findon, South Australia 5023. jer Ra ‘Tay Fax Rast and Jars Japan Publications Trading Co., Lid, 1.2'1, Sarugatu-cho, Givodata, Tokyo, 101 Japan 0987 ISBN 0-87040-748-1 ISBN APAN) 4-88996-003-1 Printed in Japan CONTENTS Introduction PART ONE: Chinese Readings 1. The Kana and Their Kanji 2. Pure Groups 3. One-Time Chinese Readings 4. Characters with No Chinese Readings 5. Semi-Pure Groups 6. Readings from Everyday Words 7. Mixed Groups 8. Readings from Useful Compounds 9, A Potpourri of Readings 10, Supplementary Readings PART TWO: Japanese Readings 11. A Mnemonics for the Japanese Readings INDEXES Index 1. ‘The Signal Primitives Index 2. The Kanji Index 3. Chinese Readings Index 4. Japanese Readings Index 5. Cross-Reference List ie 20 85 89 121 150 198 226 256 295 313 317 328 348 373 INTRODUCTION AAs the title suggests, the present book has been prepared as a companion ‘volume to Remembering the Kanji: A Complete Course on How Not to Forget the Meaning and Writing oflapanese Characters. It presumes thatthe mater covered in the first book has already been mastered and concentrates exchi- sively on the pronunciation of the Japanese characters. Those who ap- Proached the study ofthe kanji in a different manner may find what isin these pages of some use, but it has not been designed with them in ming. ‘As I explained inthe Introduction to the former volume, if ts the stu- dent's goal to acquire profiiency in using the Japanese writing system, the entre set of *general-use characters” (7 oF) need tobe leaned. To in- Siston studying them in the order of importance or frequeney generally fl- lowed in Japanese schools is pointless if some other order is more effective as ‘means to that final goal. A moment’ reflection on the matter is enough to Aispose ofthe common bias thatthe methods employed by those who eome 10 Japanese asa foreign language should mirror the methods used by the Japan ese themselves to learn how to read and write. Accumulated experience and ‘education—and in most eases an energetic impatience with one's own ig- norance—distnguish the older student too radically from Japanese school children to permit basic study habits tobe taken aver with only cosmetic changes. A clearer focus on the destination should help the older student chart @ course more suited to his or her time, resources, and learning abiliies—and not just run harder and faster around the same track. Perhaps the single greatest obstacle to taking full advantage of one’s privileged position as an adult foreigner isa healthy fear of imposing alien systems on Japanese language structures. But to impose a system on ways of leaming a language does not necessarily mean to impose a system on the lan- vag itself. To mis this distinction isto rsk condemning oneself to the worst Sorts of ineticiency forthe worst sorts of reasons. Obviously the simplest way to learn Japanese is asthe Japanese them- selves do: by constant repetition, without interference, ina closed cultural en- vironment. Applied tothe Kanji this involves drilling and driling and diling nti the forms and sounds become habitual. The simplest way, alas, i also the most time-consuming and frustrating. By adding a bit of organized complexity to one's study investments, the same level of proficiency can be fined ina fraction of the time. This was demonstrate in the first volume as far as the meaning and writing ofthe characters are concerned. By isolating 4 REMEMBERING THE KANUI TL these skils and abstracting from any seationship they have to the rest ofthe language, a firm foundation was laid for the next step, the assignation of sounds of “readings” tothe indWvidual characters. That isthe subject ofthis book. “The earlier volume was described as a “complete course”; the present volume is offered a a “guide.” The differences between the two books are 2s important as the similarities. While both books ae intended to he self-taught and allow individual readers to progress atthe own pace, the former traced cout apath step by sep, in a clearly defined order. Here, hover, the material is presented in such a way that it may be followed frame by frame or may be rearranged freely to suit the particular students needs. The reason js tha the readings of the kanji do not allow for any more than a discontinuous systematization: blocks of repeating patterns and clusters of unpatterned material organized under a variety of rubrics. In fact, the only thing ironclad about the method is the assumption thatthe student already knows what che characters mean and how they are written. Without that knowledge, the systematizaton becomes all but opaque. In any event, it is important to gain some understanding of how the book as a whole is lad out before deciding how best to make use oft. ‘The book falls into two parts of wildly disproportionate length. The first ten chapters cover the Chinese or on readings (& 82); the last chapter, the Japanese or kun readings (33). This should not give the impression that the on readings themselves are so much more difficult than the kun readings, but only that ther systematization requires much more attention. What i ‘more, the method followed in Chapter 11 is closer to that followed in Vol. and can thus be treated in relatively shor shrift. ‘One of te chief reasons for frustration wit the Chinese readings i not that there are so many kanji to read, but that there are so few readings to g0 around, creating a massive confusion of homonyms to the uninitiated, No sooner does one attempt to establish ast of rules to rein in tis phenomenon than exceptions begin to nibble away at one’s principles ike termites until the entire construction begins to look like a colossal waste of efor. ‘True enough, there are exceptions. lot of them. But there is also a teat deal of conssteney which canbe sifted out and structured forthe learn- ing. The principal aim of the fitst ten chapters i to isolate these patterns of consistency and use them fo the fullest, holding brute memory at bay as long as posible. To this end I have introduced what are caled “signal primitives” By this Imean primitive elemens within the written form which signal a particu lar Chinese reading. Since most of these primitive forms were already assigned ‘@ meaning in the first book, the strategy should come as a welcome reli and carry you well ver one-third of your Way through the on readings. Whatever readings fall outside the compas ofthis method are introduced through ava riety of devices of uneven difficulty, each asigned its own chapter. ‘Chapter 1 presents 56 kanji which form the parent-kanji for the forms of INTRoDUCTION 5 the hiragana and katakana syabaties and whose readings are directly related to the modern kana sounds. 49 of them are Chinese readings, 7 are Japanese. Chapter 2 covers a large group of characters belonging to “pure groups” in which the presence of a given signal primitive entails a uniform sound. ‘Chapters 3 presents the small group of kanji whose readings are not homonyms and may therefore be learned in conjunction with a particular ‘character. Chapter 4, conversely, lists characters with no on reading. ‘Chapter 5 returns to the signal primitives, this time gathering together those groups in which a signal primitive entails a uniform sound—but with Single exception to the pattern, These are called “semi-pure" groups. Chapter 6 brings together readings drawn from everyday words, all or nearly all of which should have been learned during the course of a general introduction to Japanese conversation. Allowing for occasional slight shifts of ‘meaning from those assigned the kanji in the fist volume, the only work that remains to be done is to see how Japanese puts the pieces together to crea new meanings. Chapter 7 returns one final time to the use of signal primitives, picking ‘up what characters can still make use of the device and subdividing them into three classes of “mixed-groups” where a given primitive elements can signal ‘wo or more different sounds. Chapters 8 and 9 follow the pattern of Chapter 6, except that the com Pounds will be less familiar and require learning some new vocabulary. The only thing these kanji have in common is that they do not belong to any natu- ral phonetic group. The most useful compounds are presented in Chapter 8, ‘The generally less useful compounds of Chapter 9 are all introduced with ex- planatory comments. Chapter 10 is a wastepaper basket into which I have thrown the remain- {ng readings: uncommon, rare, or generally restricted to proper names, All the kanji from Chapters 1 through 10 are arranged in a frame of un- iform design (see Figure 1 below). Taken together, they cover the entire range of on readings established as standard by Japan's Ministry of Education, Five Indexes have been added to facilitate reference and review. Index 1 lists all the signal primitives, arranged according to number of strokes, and Chinese inert crosseference Frage no, reading ccosgeteronce ool JL Pe aa a 1s | A A vutgK, —_commonptaesorinary crema proinciaion ning of sempound tf campound ompound Figure 1 6 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL the frame in which they first appear. Index 2 presents a listing of all the kanji treated in this and the former volume, arranged according to the number of strokes. Index 3 lists in syllabic order, all the on readings, their respective ‘kanji, and the number oftheir respective frames. Index 4 list all the kurt read- {ngs and their respective kanji. Together these two indexes constitute a com- plete dictionary of readings for the general-use kanji, Index 5 follows the frame sequence ofthe first book, giving the kun readings and the frame(s) in Which the or reading is introduced inthis book. ‘The frames have been arranged to facilitate reviewing : if you block out everything to the right of the compound used as an example, the student is able to run a simple self-test from time to time. For more thoroughgoing review, the flashcards that were prepared according to the design given in ‘Chapter 5 of the first volume can be completed, with the aid of the Indexes, ‘A complete explanation is provided in Chapter 11 ‘Although the principles that govern the structure of this book will become clearer as the student grows more familiar with the content, there are a few points that seem worthy of mention at the outset. They represent both the courtesies I paid my own memory in learning to read Japanese and the pitfalls watched fellow students fall into following other methods. AS time goes on, You mayor may ot choose to follow them, bu at east you should know what they a First, relating one compound to another by means of similarities of sound is to be avoided at any cost. It merely clutters the mind with useless in- fotmation, The fact that the two syllables sensei can mean teacher (3) or astrology (é5 #8) or despotism (4 il) or oath (Gz), depending on the kanji assigned fo them, may come as such a surprise that you are tempted to make some use of the coincidence. Resist the temptation Second, itis best not to try to learn on and kun readings at the same time for the same character. The idea of “conquering” a character in its entirety wll be supported by nearly every textbook on the kanji you pick up, butis nearly as mistaken as trying to learn to write and read the kanji at the same time. Once you have learned the general-use characters, you will have a ‘much better base from which to learn the meaning, writing, and readings of new characters en bloc as you meet them. Until then, cling to the Caesarean principle of “divide and conquer.” ‘Third, with few exceptions, it seems preferable to learn the several pos- sible Chinese readings ofa given character as they come up, in isolation from fone another. When second or third readings appear, reference (0 earlier frames will inform you of the fact. You will no doubt notice that the quickest ‘way to complete the information on your flashcards isto rush to Index 5 and stat filling them in. If you do, you might end up witha tidy set of cards that INTRODUCTION 7 fare no longer of any use for review, or else find yourself reviewing what you haven't yet studied. In either case, you would be sidestepping the entire meth- od on which this book is based. Be sure to read the instructions on pages 297-298 before doing anything with your cards. Fourth, certain Japanese sounds undergo phonetic alterations when set ‘alongside other sovinds. For example, — 2 — 2k = sis read ippon, nikon, sambon, the syllable “hon being like a chameleon that changes to suit its en- vironment, Some of these alterations are regional, some standard. In any case, they are best learned by trial-and-error rather than by a set of rules that is, ‘more complex than its worth. Fifth, aword about Chinese compounds (#8, Lv ¢ €). With a grain fof salt, one might compare the blend of Japanese (kurt) and Chinese (on) words to the blend of Anglo-Saxon and Latin-Greek words in English. Gen- erally, our words of Anglo-Saxon root are richer in meaning, vaguer, and ‘more evocative than those of Latin-Greek root, which tend to precision and clarity. For instance, the word “glass” can suggest a whole range of possible images and meanings, but as soon as we substitute its Latin equivalent, “yittine,” we have narrowed it down to a more concrete meaning. The presence of Chinese words (generally a compound of two or more on readings) in Japanese performs a similar nartowing, specifying function, while the native Japanese words reverberate wider and deeper meanings. In the same way that we combine Anglo-Saxon words with Latin-Greek words (for example, in the term “fiberglass”), Japanese will occasionally mix om and kurt readings in the same compound. Asa rule, I have avoided these in the ex cemplary compounds. The order of preference in choosing examples was ‘oughly as follows: (1) a compound that includes a reading appearing in a pre- vious frame; (2) a compound in ordinary use; (3) a compound that uses a reading to appear soon after the frame in question; (4) the most common or instructive compound; (5) a name of a person or place; (6) rare or archaic compounds. The student is encouraged to substitute familiar compounds at any time for the examples I have chosen. ‘Sixth, the use of signal primitives demands the same rigor applied to primitive elements in Vol I. Where a single jot or title of difference is pres- tet, the element is excluded. Additional attention will have to be paid to the ‘position ofthe primitive, which was not important in the earlier book. ‘Seventh, T would register a plea against trying to begin with the two volumes of Remembering the Kanji at the same time. I wash my hands (or as Japanese would have it, my feet) of all responsibility for the results. That hav- ing been said, there is no reason that these pages cannot be used in conjunc tion with a set of graded readers. I would only advise that you begin this after having worked your way through Chapters 2 and 5. The benefit of such an ap~ proach is that it enables you to take full advantage of the grammatical and ‘vocabulary drills that such readers provide. At the same time, the commonly heard advice about learning characters “in context” is one that is not as 8 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL sensible as it sounds. Even if I learn the English word “troglodytic” in sentences such a3 “I can trace my ancestors back to the troglodytic age” or “There's a family of troglodytes in my tool shed,” the word still needs to be learned in the first place. New Japanese vocabulary falls on the foreign ear with much the same impact—totally unrelated to anything we already know. ‘The benefit of a context is that it enables one to drill a number of words and assimilate something of how they relate to one another grammatically and ‘connotatively. Context defines the finer nuances that usage and tradition have affixed to the kanji, but the compounds themselves still need to be learned, For this reason, students who wish systematically to make their way through this book frame by frame need not trouble themselves over the absence of context provided they do not abandon all reading practice in the process. Eighth and finally, a vigorous warning against the use of roma in learn= ing to read Japanese kanji. Get the idea out of your mind that the Roman al- habet is a “crutch” to help you hobble along until you master the hiragana And katakana syllabaties. Its nothing of the kind. I is rather a low and self- inflicted amputation that will leave you crippled forthe rest of your Japanese- reading years. Not only does the Roman alphabet inflict quirks on your pro- ‘nunciation, it cultivates a systematic bias against the kana that gets harder and harder to uproot. Be patient with the kana, and never write Roman let- ters underneath them. The stricter you are in expelling all romaji from your study of Japanese words, the quicker you will ind that Roman letters become an obstacle to reading and writing, which they are for the Japanese and should be for anyone learning the language. ‘The manuscript of this book was completed in December of 1977 and pri- ‘ately circulated in the spring ofthe following year under the title Adventures in Kanji-Land, Vol Il: A Guide to Reading Japanese Characters. 1 decided to {ssue it in a new edition at this time because of the many letters I received ‘rom those who had found profit in Remembering the Kanji and were anxious ‘to know how further to systematize their study ofthe kanji. [tis my hope that ‘these pages will go some way towards answering that request. {only remains for me to express my thanks to Sasabe Midori Ye * a £h, to Akiko S47 , and Sasaki Hirofomi ti 248 5 , who worked zeal. ously to prepare the Indexes and set the Chinese characters, and to the Japan Publications Trading Company for their continued interest and support. Nagoya, Japan James W. Heisig 25 October 1986 Part One CHINESE READINGS Chapter 1 The Kana and their Kanji ‘The two Japanese syllabaries known as hiragana and katakana (or collectively, as the Kana) originated as stylized versions of Chinese characters used to represent the sounds of Japanese without any reference to the original meaning of those characters. In modern Japanese not all ofthe kana retain the sound of their parent-kanj, but there are a number that do, whether as kun-yomi or on-yomi, which makes learning their reading almost automatic. Many of the calligraphic transformations will be immediately apparent, while others require some experience in Chinese calligraphy. For these later, hand- drawn characters have been inserted. ‘The letters “HI” and "K,” set off in parentheses and inserted in the location of the internal cross-reference numbers, indicate whether the ‘an in the frame is parent to hiragana or katakana or both. ‘To make a representative listing, it has been necessary to include a ‘number of rare exemplary compounds and compounds that mix on and Jur readings. These deviations have been indicated in each ca Despite these difficulties, the frames presented in this brief initial chapter are worth studying carefully before moving on to the simpler ‘material in the next chapter. ‘As stated in the Introduction, o7-yamt are listed in katakana and skun-yomi in hiragana, a convention commonly observed in Japanese dictionaries. In the ease of kua-yomi, the reading of the kanji is often accompanied by an inflection called okur-gana (2 b (3 &), which ‘modern Japanese writes with hiragara. = = 28 2 jl tern second-generation (Japanese) = z & 1086 3 aoe three-year old child; triplets REMEMBERING THE KANH IL (HK) 951,20342162 98 . aM ema gsc + ‘ won) 0 4 Fa bet ‘Kuril Islands, north of Japan ze | ¢ ’ anes ” 5 te Bo Tight and left; on both sides RIE (un 2037 ur RE noA uneasiness. 6 ‘The katakana form comes from the first 2 strokes only. Ae * (tm 1583 28 7 | BR eh gen % , 6 108 8 Be LED — moreorless gl) G+ ass 1s 9 mA DLA an acquaintance Al ) (HK) 236 996 AAFS 525 — tomkemeot 10 ‘The kana forms come from the right side of the kanji. Vofws 4 oy 1028 rr | BE E29 atovermore chan ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KAN B Z Ala 8 ug 236 7 np | te ~we peace HB | £3 ~ (eux) 1080 184s we Ne 100m 13. | The kana forms come from the riht side ofthe kant HH | Ww os (VK) 1006,1345,2163 1105 8 b 4 Bb reason; origin oe ” «96 168 he BK metempsychosis The katakana form comes from the last two strokes ofthe kanji ‘only. The reading ofthe parent-kanjt is rare, aside rom Bud- hist terms like the one given here. % (HK) 997 ieee security; keeping the peace The hiragana form is based on the entire Kant; the katakana 16 | _comeson fram the last 4 strokes. H)@ » 9 19 as v | #8 absence (rom home or work) wm) (3 a es ans 13 | HR CAME radio waves electric waves K , 1150 120 Ak bak ane 19. | _ the erample combines on and kun readings 4 REMEMBERING THE KAN TL Jk é vig 1354 a0 ES ERS —tostopchatt 20 | The katakana comes fom the fist wo sakes lt | © (UR) 346 a7 a | ER OK comparison a GH 1144 Pa oo | BE Le wartor KID = Hh 1566 396 a ‘The example isan old word rarely used today, as isthe reading. lye Rg = = a dr] & = (uy raz 325 ae be oneself the self ‘The kana forms come from te fst 2 strokes ofthe parent. ae ” (eK) 788 867 MA —-#IC®D admission (to a group) The katakana is based on the lft side ofthe kan ony >) 4 wa 8 fh ton conduct; actions deeds 5s em) 6 BR Eko ‘ruling political party The katakana comes from the bottom half ofthe Kani. ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KAN 15 x a (117) 139 ur RE ld name for Tokyo 28 Only the right half of the kanjt is used for the kana. ae | * (HIK) 300 1381 a9 | SRB maK geometry ae | > | F ’ aw) 1656 ee Does cosmos; universe 30 | ‘Te katakana comes fom te first 3 strokes ofthe kanji nly. Bsn zg am A) 1559 2 612 foe bk ‘wisdom 31 | The hiragana in question i of, course, the old fom. = (HH 235,2056 988 LEP ICD GA, Budanist temple gate with 32 fer Deva Kings {ft 4 w Mot eA ORD tay Oni the eft side of he kai used 0 form the atakana The exemplary compound isradona use, Neve Japenese 33. | beers couse katana forthe namesof Westen counts. z/ 3 y cw nu ja | BRR LEO cima ike ne Kani 2), AA x «© mms BA ho DF —_ Japs teapot 35__| The katakana comes fm the snzaon of th rit side 16 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KANII vv Az f (HK) 1638,2157 1016 a | AR < (curname) i & (K) 707.951 1806 Hee a 44 | Thetatakana based on this characteris used rarely nowadays. gs annus He (Ce (surname), ‘The hiragana form is based on the final 3 strokes of the Kani ‘The readings of both characters inthe exemplary compound are | O © (ix) (2209) 6865, BARR Oren (place name) 36 | The katakana comes from the fist stroke ofthe kan R/F 4, wm) 1094 mA kb (olaas name) 37 | Thekatakanais based on he ist 2 strokes ony tH, (HK) 1290 tosh ate ete (man’s name) 38 | TWis character appeared ts Vol. only as aprimiave (p17). e % a (HK) cod web hot Japanese bath 39_| The katakana uses ont the fst 3 stoke ofthe kan. a » cx) ROS Bd in; at The katakana form is based on the left side of the kanji only. ‘The character jeauured here did not appear i Vol. J, but ts pri- itive elements should be easy to recognize. a * «6 an ak (sumame) ‘The katakana form ts based on the fist 2 stokes of the Kanji. This character, extremely rare in modem Japanese, Was not intro- duced in Vol. 1 45 | rare, except fornames. al? > eo 52 168 as | RR 8S (place name) WW | AR a (ark) 191 702 em one (womame) The katakana form is clearly drawn from the right side of the ani ony. The reading of the parent-kanjt is rare, exept for 47 | _propernames. | 2 2 (ag) 1190 501 em te (umame) The reading show here is used only in names. Note that the 48 | reading combines kun and on readings. 42 a a Ky ae a® Jow-ranking Shinto priest ‘The katakana form is based on the left side ofthe kanil only. This exiremely rare character di not appear in Vol. I. Of the 48 kanji given above, a number were indicated as having rare readings ot readings chiefly used in proper names. Those that happen to be general~use Kanji will be assigned more common readings in later chapters, as you will notice from the inclusion of an internal cross- reference number. 18 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL ‘We now turn to kanji whose readings differ from the pronunciation of the kana which they serve as parent-kanji by virtue of an extra syllable which is present in the kanji but not in the kana that comes from it. We begin with 3 characters whose readings lengthen the vowel of the kana syllable, making ita diphthong. at Ao = 4g | HR Om < —seeme; plan Fe = any 503 1s so | = bob blanket #L | Ht us (aK) 2118 1087 RA L2n% ——discourtesy;impoliteness SI The hiragana form is based on the whole kanji, the katakana on the right side only, Like the last 3 frames, the kanji in the following 5 frames share in ‘common the fact that their readings add a final syllable A, which is absent in their kana pronunciation, Ba BALA a/K) 38 190 peace of mind 4/3 toa a as 3 | TH FAMED measurement KT ae HK a8 sa | RB TASK heaven: praise ‘THE KaNA AND THEIR KANI » mK wy w 189 ee aA valk stroll 55 | Thekatokana cames from the fiat 3 stoke of the kan a | ay 0277 402 at BAD (place name) 56 | this readings rare, even i place names. ‘The list of characters treated above does not cover all the kana, nor does it begin to include all the possible alternative kanji that have served the function now restricted to the kana. Unless you plan to start penning waka and haiku poems in the classical style, the 56 characters Of this chapter should more than suffice as a background to the ‘relationship between the kanji and the kana. Chapter 2 Pure Groups Pethaps the easiest groups of character-readings to learn are those that share common on readings by virtue of the presence of a common primitive clement, called here a signal primitive because it “signals” a particular sound for each character in which it appears. ‘To learn how these signal primitives function, let us begin with a con- crete example. rf peo » ze sy | 8 P85 china ‘As you learned in Vol. I, the character in the previous frame serves as ‘a primitive element in a number of other characters with the meaning of “in” Conveniently, it also provides those characters with a common on- yom, namely F =. In other words, each time you see this primitive element, you can be sure what the Chinese reading will be. Among all, the Kanji treated in Vol. I, there are three characters that fit this pat- tern, All you need do to learn them is to recognize them as possessing the signal primitive. B ree on sg | 8% — BO9T6 admonition; warning = yar 138 so | MR we SCA, ascendancy rising to the sky PURE GROUPS 2a th par 956 0 far bw dm agency; mediation ‘There are other “pare goups”—and these ar eat the majorty—in Which the signal primitive is not itself a kanji, or at least not one in- cluded in the list of those we studied. In these cases, the signal primi: tive is set off immediately to the right of the Kanji treated in the frame. An example follows immediately ‘Unless some other explanation is given, the use of proper names for exemplary compounds is meant to indicate that this reading is used ex- clusively oF chietly for names in modern Japanese aii | * on 1999 a | =a TAR shop; store #il * 1840 62 | MBS FEE BA a CGnancia) subsidy ai 1897 63 bh ie (surname) i © wwe Pe ‘The size of particular “pure groups” varies. Some are as large as 8, others as small as 2. Since the larger groups are, obviously, easier to learn, we begin with those containing 4 or more kanji. Be careful to note the special conditions that occasionally accompany the signal primitives. 2 [REMEMBERING THE KAN II tae 1920 6 Cie Leber company president oe tae 1921 66. | 2H LO SED eeaphatis insistence the ta 12 67 | 9 29529 bankbook: passbook We tae 1923 68 we "£5525 swelling; inflation tt 7 1000 69 Ne oe an allowance; grant iy 7 1002 m0 Be ede government F 2 1001 n | #8 se5 cipher; mark; symbol Dt 7 1303 tt BEA ‘This characteris still widely used today as an altemative to that 72 | _ im Prame 69, as the exemplary compound above illustrates. 1 7 1073 pn | =e bom bean curd; tofu =! Pune Grours 2 38 * 641 4 | HD social duty; obligation 3 * ow 75 |e bbe secting conference fe * as 16 | RR Re stiqutte; courtesy R ¥ 6s 7 [me own saciice a 4 54 1534 qe |B BORA soung man youn hi “4 1325 1535 a9 | LA mind:pyete ia 44 15% 1539 ay [MR ENED deandeaniness Hi “4 1528 1538 gi | HR BUA earshies iif 4 8341529 1540 {ME FHL a standstill 4 REMEMBERING THE KANILTT ml 0 + my 136 a3 | MLAB pplication; petition he fi “4 1530 1537 eq | MM ite air, appearance i = 5 gs | EA cea 5 people & a 7 a | BA ELA we [rare] i 4 * a 37 | RR we resolve; preparedness + a7 ag | BAA IPAS sapanese language A ited 502 37 ay | FA CCA ite popes Caucasians iA ae 17 6 Wott< ——anightsstay 3H ag mm we Bote’ tobe tense; be imminent PURE GROUPS 25 dh a? 2044 652 on | BE ASLO applause Hil n> 1869 93 | MRR LK SLOA imported goods {4 ne 967 og | BM BK BOD wbeequalto;beamateh for & f Al xo gs | 2% BPBEP chentnite deme Hd *D se o5 | BM C2IED cannon id ae 3 op | Rm FNS bubbles: foam ta ais og | 788 nursing: care fe so oo | compatios fellow countrymen ft mo 1480 1 | @% BOLE saturation [REMEMBERING THE KaNo1 IT pao 1530 yor | PMSA ETA. daughter young gi oe 7 Mi — C29 comesion; compromise yoo 1529 3 | #8 9 ELED — thesol ed a9 = 10¢ | BR Er 9-25 brewing dsitaton Wy » 3 10s | mH = HOD possi i fr » 10 105 | REF BHAC geometry tit a 1013 107 | 8% — Loom ——shippng:consignment Bid 2 49 tos | BE = E92 — shoot ong any » 109 | wl taka, Pure Grours n 1b a 1563 1008 MH AS chemistey The signal primitive must stand alone, with nothing tits right, 110 | in onder to cary the sound, te » 1009 im | PRA flower bed; flower garden H ” 1010 a2 | #® #82 freight Mt » 1994 aoe shoemab is | 2® hoemaking ale ao Ise 6 AL LAZS —— manmade The signal primitive n this group must assume a “prominent ‘postion’ im the character im onder fo eamy the sound with i When iis tucked away ina commer of the character as a minor 114 | elementasin the kanjt i lses tha fection wy 29 2193 83 ais | BH HTD success K a9 330 1g | 9% EAED field ofspeciatization a 29 (28) 19 cH be seneral public 28 REMEMBERING THE KANT TL aL 2 2200 135s tig | BE E95 * —colackytea 29 2 BG ORC itemeclause a0 2094 at yoy | RR EPMA services contbation ty a na wi | RE eS technique; sil ¥ 1863 1a | MRE LOL chairperson; emcee ’ 1865 am he song iyries 2 1866, re | Lc to breed raise fal] y 1868 1s | me Les ‘fo wait upon; pay respects to ii ¥ 1867 16 | WFO LL heir; successor Pure Grours ~ B ay an 127 | Brom A — teacher: profesor & wy 13 1g | PH HAD ‘administration; management ai ay bn qo | BR MALS hearse a ay a 130 | SE ADE dD superintendent ofa building i | ay 1614 1 | HFS GAEL — tweconomize Be ae ass = 32 | BR LA test; examination we +s vo 133 | BR EDA adventure te ny ws 134 | HE FAR inspection Rl) ry an 135 | MH FRED Japanese “way ofthe sword” REMEMBERING THE KAN IT PURE Grours 31 TBR = 593 136 | RE BK narcoties If . ws 137 | RRR FCA BD skyscraper i ~ so 38 | He | At ‘rinding; polishing Wi, * 2m wo | RH 9 tbe witch aes y 319 vo | + Lae commissioned officer tk y zn 90 ta | He LoL attendance (at work) oe aS y 0 12 | +e FAL small token (of gratitude) ote iit y on v3 | MH | FOL magazine iA vy 7 ug | LAxt\. application; petition ve un 1119 vas | MA BLA ind poche 4 wy us 146 | (AR LAS £9 elongation; extension if yy 1361 yay | ME LAL gentleman aH ja y 1716 mm tLe organization 148 | The signal primitive must appear on the right, alone. il , 179 ug | BH tA ancestors tl y ims 130 | BR teh taxation HL ? wm isl | MRE 422 crude; shabby BEL » 1780 2 | Mb tL obstruction; hindrance 1K | & A 131 153, | Tht ed — lowclass 32 REMEMBERING THE KAN TL HE +4 tax tsa | XH lOc yandtargs othe mest part ica 4 1a3s 155 | we Bc doromorite sea ah a4 1841 iso | MM «LCS pterestence ial | $4. 4n 1s7 | #8 TRAD aps fitting ite rs 4s 158 ie tab ‘enemy territory, Wi av 280 0 gs | EM Rhee pesnomeoram ii a st 160 a Lte i a an a" eck «BHR fie | a4 on Z Auten tcl; thee tines 162 The signal primitive must stand to the right, alone, Pure Grours Se aA an 163 oe Bers ‘nurture; cultivate bie i ved 1299 164 RTS Mees ¢ ‘dine with a superior Ske “4 76 165 1 Weerd compensation; indemnity. “f ay 1180 1202 Ba ABA half 166 | The signa primitive must stand clear on ts ov Hy ay 178 05 167 | RAC indgment mE ay us 1204 ficg | MIF IRA, kes; ong ake F ae ‘179 1203, 169 Fee ESA company; companion at | ® a9 1816 1 | He tk lecture HE 2 1818 im | ae ED organization; structure REMEMBERING THE KANII IL 2° 1817 m2 mA cows purchase; buying, i 20 1819 13 HAM — Fc 5 waterway; drainage ditch ce] 2» un 174 | MIR 99H egal circles; judicial workd fi 9 1176 as | xi Hut ——watertank if 9 um 176 | BB EICD — anencounter iw 9 us 177 | Blame 9 seacariage; maine transport i i | & > 289 17g | #8 LOD exports thi CU) = 628 in | ame woe pleasure; joy a = 382 180 aie Brow ‘an instructor Pure Growrs 35 a 2 207 1g1 | A Se conglutinaton; heating up ‘The above group of 125 kanji with their on readings represents by far the easiest treated in this book. Still, itis important to master them well before moving on, if for no other reason than to make sure you. have understood what signal primitives are and how they work. ‘When you ate reviewing (see Introduction, p. 6), do so only from the compound (not the character) to the reading and meaning—not in the ‘opposite direction. And remember not to clog your memory with use- Jess information (for example, which signal primitives share the pro- nunciation % #). Once you are confident of your progress so far, You «an go on to the next group of 114 Kanji. They are also of the “pure” type, but number only 3 toa group. ve am Je LO red vermin) brash ve s10 WRI etbe special; particular ve 258 J LAe® pearl : - Mm Bae 6 gs | #2 EOD dissemination Uy nae oo 186 BR #9 Ld toabsorb 36 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL ca se9 1353 ts7 | BH = COBO toparade; high quality # + 9 m3 ig | #0 be wisdom i + 1683, igo | a bb {fool (especially an erotic one) 7 a = m4 190 be trod supreme wisdom ® ” 702 ie enw aeime r 703 Ba es anger; indignation ® 865 KH eor effort; exertion 7K mA 132 194 BO RRA eternity vk =4 136 195 ai THA ‘swimming PURE GROUPS 24 us 196 cag Aine composing a song or poem: mE | yy 1039 u97 toy | RR BAH fountain tot oe 1199 198 wet BAL righteous indignation a zy 1198, 199 | ®@ EA mus od ural grounds & a s 1997 200 | RR ERK gods: dapein 7 1898 ame co< ‘amusement; entertainment : 1899 Bw ch misunderstanding mi | ny 1825 cbs AALeS editing a 1923 aS AIT A bias 8 REMEMBERING THE KANN TL Pune Grours » i ay 124 HE 7 00 2s | | BAK universal arg | BBE PT schoo grounds campus wi a oe 1606 a oi 1093 206 | Be £9015 voting rel aa — aay age od en blows tome ith a na92 207 bleaching 26 ae mood ina whirlpool fe 1608 “ need +h a 91 8 ES) ae : 217 ae thas ¢ fortune and misfortune ie |= ari 1389 209 | #% van kindness and love om aig | oH 89 amo number iy, 1390 = 20 | BR ba magnetism ay 192 5 a9 | wf Bh donation cca 2 1388 ee brs ‘nourishr Ee 2u rishment Say ms 1981 a | RE BL ight SE 7A 8 — 212 tHe Leos appearance in court dt je ae 506 Sa ES ES mine shaft He a4 1876 221 ee DATH a fleet a 213 Se ait 25 1870 we cob ‘sea voyage; crossing the ocean 222, 40 REMEMBERING THE KANJI TL PURE GROUPS a Ea 29 68 BR nao 935 mag | MRFS CHES — ovens Agheaprinst a EB 856 = = 1 2 m | BA giant +: este — eweive iB +e 887 = 355 ns | #8 Bro denial; rejection ABA HARA ¥20,000 EB +. nat fe = 52.2086 98 m5 | FM BED itane aas | GEM (C964 temple gate with Deve Kings id 29 te Al y 0 906 227 | it DAES — dryness 236 | An prs to make use of i a mR yy om aR y 907 2g | mere Z5L~d — topilotioperate oan DRA theatrical world a 2» uss Hf » 1687 29 | Meat wnt seaweed ng | FH wo diarrhea e wae sn ‘fhe | yao vv07 230 BR E95 ®w5 demand; request 239 | wim BAD ED — bureaucracy BM wep = %E yee 1708 BOR Od ambulance g bro lormitory superintendent 231 Bed 80>: ambu may | Re E25 dormitory sperincend 249 2 REMEMBERING THE Kant I aE yao 1709 241 re D9 £9 — medical care; recuperation HR o ms 242 Re Mato ‘working a mine 3 vA m™ 243 | BE 28h ‘vegetables eZ a 4 174 nag | BEFS SELEC tocolorin: pant Fé “ey 1833 28 mas | RE BA teacher ve Le a nas | BH BRL carwash BE ey 20 may | RR EAT ——pigiron wi vy 1502 zag | FP LAA newspaper i yy 1503 tr LAT fuel and water Pore Grows e BM wy 1504 a9 | RR Laat kin thoi = fe vy 1148 251 BA LAic wd ‘invasion m a 1109 as2 | BK LA+e — flooding @ e = 10 253 ee LAL® ‘bedroom Te vee 433 asq | XH BAL 9 asentence (of wing) We vay ms 255 Re Or5L45 commendation bie - os 256 | RE Lr > C —— Japanese sliding paper windows dn yao ee] ay | #H ALD sameottapns tn nd oH Ee 25g | RAM FB the 6 continents “ REMEMBERING THE KANILI PURE Grours s iat va? 32 ‘i yo ons 259 | SMFS $909 retort; repartee 268 ECA aspect facet ak 9 a a4 1099 109s 269 | EX — E97 grandeur; magniteence 269 | RR E27 taking sens: change oe ve a a4 im ao | BH X2E9 reo vita 20 | st kink loamlending Se : cos 2» 2138 8 #& aa 1006 262 | MH CED esate an | 8% 9A mall pouct; maog 4H v9 15652068 9 A nA 1020 263 | #8 EDA consutation am. | BCR 65% 2<~ A.B.C(old enumeration) bs ” 200 wo i “ wat 254 | BM LD thought; thinking a3 | i BINH arrogance 7 7 fi oo 2% cl] ay ss 1682 ass | RE 90% rontdamage a4 | RA Leth es A » 8 we |e zy 56 4 ee as | *R | AHRA teri iy ye ia Bal ay 585 267 | BE ESD D surveying fathoming 276 | MB = CRA apanese) garden 46 ReNeMBERING THE KARI TT Pure Grovrs ” Eg zy aos tk ~ ou 27 aya Pah wild monkey 286 cae toto obliteration Ht eae 24 a ,; ass a | we Lauer 9 seedsand seedlings 237 | Be ESL the gis; essentials ca fi eae om 48 y 69 279 | at TAO ED — asketch; profile 2sg | a Les suidance Siti eae 244 Nit y 486 230 | at Bord — peteat 2g9 | mini Liz fat R » 1833 s WWE | * 58 1265 21 | #0 bts ahome 290 | ae ao & 29 straits; sounds channel KR » sa Be ee 1266 282 TS Chi lay the blame (on someone) 291 | we = Ake NNTOWMinded KK > a HK ae 161 293 | me ES ‘operation (of a factory); work 292 | ®® BLOF catchinacrossfire a oy 2166 a it | 8 ae @ 234 | HAE FD plain; coarse 23 | ie Cord — itonbridge Kk ~ 218 co woe 21 2gs | tik (2922 bubbles; foam 294 | ME BDV reform; correction [REMEMBERING THE KANITT 1G xis 60 205 an boerd affable; charming ‘Having completed the larger of the “pure groups,” we now come to the ‘more difficult: those with only 2 kanjl. Despite the fact that the groups are small, useful That i notre learning them by means oftheir signal primitives wll come in later, once you have left the confines of the general-use kanji isto say, many of the signal primitives we are learning here ace stricted (o the characters we treat = we 144 ea BAK record; annals P ik ae 2191 137 297 | BH KL rd verdiris; green rust Ju ay 92 2 29g | RB BALD — NewYear'sDay mt ay a 299 | BH | AL stubborn; hardheaded a & * » 1381 300 ee aba geometry i * 1382 301 te the ‘opportunity. PURE GRouPs 7 Hat oy Fs 302 | BR MCD doredom th ” swt 303. | Fi | S86 > Workinga mine; mining B® seo » 304 | 82 & £9. EC cooperation @ ae m 305 | #BTS B94 — toblackmail; threaten |e 4% new 306 | HA | EDH% — sumtota & Do w zor | REED alumni ug fe Su a jog | BHR LDH singing is veo n 309 | xB | SLE d cystal a on 310 | BH CAL Maina spy 0 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL Pure Grours st sy 398 “7 1802 oe DEA Aisapproval; denial aig | RR KES explosion Bi 7A 55 a * 8 312 | AM TED chastys “honor” 30 | RR SEA atventwe 1H i 74 ss ha *o 08 313. | AT seouting an | ®F SL hateap ra Ke vy 2 190 *7 1794 gig | HG BALA peace of heart a me me = 322 | _Fustperson personal pronoun for boys and men. my, ae ais | #8 BAT guiding; information Be we 1793 33 | PR KES ddingtodeatn 1% ay ns > 316 | RR oR Felling trees deforestation aK mB ims 304 | MR EM lscourtesy i ae 169 : 317 | RM IE liquefaction BE 7 14 325 | Ma Hieln (theatre) stage a “ep 1045 101 = 31g | #% HES isclonine; uncovering, i +P ia BE FBC domestic animals 2 [REMEMBERING THE KANE PURE GRours s - Pea aE Ko 8 327 eeu &¢ TAS — storage battery cell 335 HATS LED to direct; give guidance f ae ss7 ke yp 1m 328 ae L292 9 symbol 336 | FE att insufficiency fee re a8 fe ye a0 g29 | RR 5eED —ascnary sein; punishment 337 | eure ZC LA oPromote: advance a geo 2 K ¥ 0 330 | BR BDL E breakfast jag |e vas 0 i 499 ut fk 4 1476 331 | BR FA S29 — hightide 339 | mee starvation; famishing iy ate 1615 i) ? 1786 332 aoe automobile 34 | #2 bed dissemination (i) : a Ky 1678 ier 3 1787 333 | 4 BD ES tabor 3a. | oem Bode ‘a musical score wy i ry 137 m JL ~ 196 a 3g | RH HES the Japanese “way of flowers” gaa | AM RA preface to abook 5 [REMEMBERING THE KANDI TL HL = os 34g | AR LARA, sailing vest WE Vie i 1040 344 | SMe aAw money; coin ME si 104 jas | HAs evihabuse te e a a7 ee Bee comparison 346 ‘The signal primitive must stand alone, nothing above or below it. a 2 ww 347 | att OBA criticism ee 1st 348 UB Me ada obsequious; sneaky te e 1512 an inscription on a monument 349 | BS oe an epitaph e & aA ns an inseription on a monument; 350 | me Oo ‘an epitaph une Grours x % a4 2101 mm 351 | #4 wow famous we |* od 1563 asp | WA DTD stesttching aig - 02 353, ee TORS lofty peak ul *o » 354 ax ODS friend; companion Hi eb mm 355, Ae Rod collapse # = 156 356 | RMP S O15-£9 YO moUNE(apicture oF hanging) the ee 1s 357, te Ebro ‘sandbag; sum6 ring. tat 4 ce 358 ne ven company officer (of lower rank) 56 REMEMBERING THE KANMCIL PURE GRours 7 Hs 4 1096 fits de 1166 359 | BR MBA solace: comfort jor | BE EP Confucianism ae 149 382 fe ya? 2001,2207 7 360 | BH ED 8A famiycrest aoe | #HTS CooL — lobeenaged in BE gae 383 Hit Pao 1338 ‘lock; counter for tables (of BRIS ZFC — topilot;manipulate 3a | & Gr medicine) ‘ 263 - : a” Re] on ws ap oe = 362 | BMPS Crd Le — toboard (a train, car) go | BE bec bd piece ctapmte team 4 bs 1 a be a Py | Se ees ar | (EEE OC ipenes: mauity oe Pa ns ‘a oe o 364 | SBFS LEA totakean examination 372 | PH 9 LweA- middleten days ofthe month im 16 i) vey $09 gos | BH BED CY aprotesoe gp | BE CBAL marys cent 2s nies is yay 1883 HX — WED demand (opposite of “supply”) contradiction (literally lance wg Whe nothing can resist met FiE EA ema shield which nothing 314 an penetrate) 58 REMEMBERING THE KANT I Pune Grovrs 9 48 Par 1854 #® a4 35 16 js | MR CwADA ge3 | BHA picts psitng ® pay 1s a 2 a2 19 3m | BE Eee dcsrintion BR -& Lee salutations, bow The two kanji fated here and inthe previous vo frames are att a tinue among all hse we wl study n that each allows of the gay 1525 384 | same no readings. Ba Fle technolo, 377 ay a = 383 136 eA RIK 5ictre book ad pn 385, » 3 | HR Bee nothing a all 7 aA ws bie a4 108 ges | RO OLA catonscareiness a ee ee - a4 aN ge7 | WR Rav machin; mechanism a4 250 3g0 | {2 be Se mediation; intermediation rm * aA 00 5 aA a agg | WED destruction colle Wm the world = 1k LC aA 28 & 399 | ste Ce ote reminiscences & a4 384 132 3a2 | Sth At counts; accountant Hw ay 102 BTS HAD ——topiecce; penetrate 590 | RBIS #429 topirs: penta [REMEMBERING THE KANO II iA ay = gor | FR — L624 custom: habit: convention He |* ay 1083 gon | XR EDA, interchanges exchange Ne oy ‘iia 393. | BREE LEDHA — orecaltrectim i |e ae 7 joa | REFS AHA Bre ay 6 gos | HR LAAHA apt: rotation fel ay 1580 1620 305 | HM A time fai ay soa soy | Ha aA, selected Wi | D9 1934 whe Leos head of state or government 398 PURE GROUPS 6 ‘ta 29 ss 399 | FH SOD suffering distress be ja A 1298 goo | BA FRA fais prety much i aA 1290 go. | Met 25% the brains Ht * 1839 1750 aon | Re EDTA eld Bi * vst 493. | BEES #97A crossing astret) Rf * nA 0 40g | RE cK adalesvalley Eo A 7 gos | ®% MSA hemes be ay 2104 x1 46 | BATS CAE to submit a proposal @ REMEMBERING THE KANT Pur Gxours @ fit ae om fii i oe or || Se Eee health protection; hygene ais | BR A> manuscript orginal daft A z is ay sis Ble a ‘as gos | PAS 29 prefectural office ais | £0 DT royalty kings and princes é i = ae a 1394 WWE ae 1806 ao | RAL > Tema oe rae (offered for ayy | MH cE candidacy (fr office) & lq me 7 x | * 1736 ae wt. y ao | FX TAR ‘weather aig | #8 coe ‘wasteland RE oe * 1886 bre 29 ; on au | AH BLS locomotive aig | Bie 2529 panic: alarm Ed AR |e ay ah + om ts & 10 412 | HL RA go to work; show up at work 42g | BRR EA LAA social reunion; reception if 1876 g me cee wn “Dest Wishes for a Hay rory i reopen a wasteland 43 | ae Pe iets Eos Barc, = io ff 2 saa “ aa | FE toe the ith main ting: bones 44 | me 5 9e9 —_ hishschoot [REMEMBERING THE KAN IT PURE Growrs 6s i 2 ws7 1289 a +o 1850 az3 | ate conn ludicrous; funny a1 | & Awe influence BB nF 13st se |e Parl lon a 424 we LADD bridegroom 432 | 2rd ft — boundary BB 29 1882 Ht aoe 489 425 im Bad painting gallery 433 | #8 B29 fe mirror-stand; dresser Hy |. by 1s ‘Me |e site 829 46 | RD ACD distinguished service aaa | Rte BAe patience; tolerance x ge 1681 iB ~y 0 ar | Wh om ees any esgag wos | OH 24H cmt Hl ae 1395 HA 44 1562 2» 42g | BASS SAB — toretum something borrowed 436 | mar abl. explanation Al aa? 2238 1396 ad a4 1450 429 we ee Citd. —Stipt; screenplay 437 ri Edbe association; alliance ss som 9 R ty vm ‘one’s native place; home fae TBA people (of a country) ago | eH ERED Cmeene 438 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL PURE GRours a Hk eo sas Es . 109 439 28 ADK peaceful sleep 4a7 me RAE ‘magnanimity wR ay 968 ai % . on amy | RR CARA natural (as opposed to atl) Peete rte cere tectnms| ay s10 oe ® 2079 183 441 yy: = da Aabvs —combustbility 449 aa Bt frank; plain mR \* ve 23 Tl vA o 442 Be PANS ‘one’s 60th birthday. 450 AM Low death penalty iE ve m6 ay a4 «so 443 (| mE nee history 451 | JM WA a model; prototype Bz 29 2014 R vy 1103 444 | BPR DDH OTD agricultural school a2 | ®® BS> police iz 2 ais R + 04 445 | Be D529 thickness; density 453 | me $80 friction; chafing, as ay 1098 Rl Yo on 446 BAL prohibition asa | BF 45IED both sides 470 8 REMEMBERING THE KANSI IT PURE GROUPS: & 9 os i a 1340 a5 | RM TORK a mulberry farm or orchard 463 | HTS Trito — toconclude (a contract) fi a4 as = 7A au 455 | BRM (geographic zone acs | SPF 929M sapanesesyle restaurant ae ste iit a4 416 fF v4 ” 457 | WH RD freight congestion 465 | Mik THE suspension; ban % |* ” 1916 tte |* a7 186 45g | 8% crC private residence 466 HiT S Cote tobe thorough a wir tik a 760 BETS “nt entrust; charge (someone with a ome torevoke; withdraw something) a jE ' wow2u 1194 aa He * HR ROE tbe bamed gop | BRIS TOC send Gomething) asagit The reading of both characters belong to the offctal ls ut are not he most comonon ratings Be sre fo pay atetion fo @ m4 io 468 | thermore nina readings BR tHE extent; degree ; 461 YE ' 1195 469 | A boo ‘a passage; (sailing) voyage F 7 as oe THe empire < iif us RIC | EDLD — abruplly;all ofasudden 0 [REMEMBERING THE KaNot Il PURE GRowrs n he uss we a ™ an | ote ot ) sugar 479 am rom melting a re 160 x 2 ss an | *® 25e ‘warehe ase 4g0 | at 5 Le > gloom; melancholy fil - tet ab oo 473 | MTS TOES — creation 4g: | oe file anactor # | 4 ao 1968 K an 900 am | Bie AED folksong gq | BE LOD * the autumn season 48 a 1967 aK veo sot 47s | MTS ESL9 — totremble;shake 4g3<| B® 9 L®S gloom; melancholy Be ” 1604 Bia » 202 296 a6 Hm E@ 2S demand (opposite of supply) aga | 2 ae summertime WBE 2 1605 KE * on 4aqT =e roe the hips; waist area 485 om fem ‘an amount; a quantity & ap 190 ae ey 1035 478 we RUE contents aso | #® bata benevolence 2 REMEMBERING THE KAN Pure Grours 2 i ae 1335 Ht yor 2005 926 487 | iTS Le dA tomends repair g9s | BR 92 9LEL fod provisions ie yao 8 768 R 496 | st = DED allows fowing ro 1646 1976 488 ® #9 an elephant Bit yar 163 gor | 8% 98984 ammonium suite (& yo wn ago | MR = E55 imagination; fantasy S yy imo ag | 8 BAd pattcpation i r 50 490 | Ra —-EDL2 —_alibray; collection of books 6 oy nse rm oo | BB ORK distress wretchedness ‘ik a ssi a | DR LARD —theheart organ) ‘tll eA 418 te soo | SH BOE assem 18 var 995 492 | ih = L@ <4 < — roomand board by #4 a9 we sor | ae ev shoemaking aE ver 1336 493 | HFS LOCLED costing R ay 13 = oq | RA SAT antral spring as yoo m 494 | ite 6b 2 suTesng; measurement ” REMEMBERING THE KANSI IL cs “ey 139 503 | BR EAS railroad tracks a] “ 2096 8s so, | BY LAS kind Gi “ bn 50s | BR OL theft at ve 0 506 | HM EDL radiation; emission aif de 1250 507 | #4 9 Lette anhonorarium vs oO 06 sos | MH EDL * radiation; emission ti * » sop | wits brRD to copy; imitate th np z 510 WoL 2d one (sake) measure Pure Grours FH yao i Su +e UrdL2 5 Mise; ascent fe vee = siz | *ie Lx 5€5 fretting; ircitabilty aff a - 513 a BALD (offshore) reef oS yee - si | BR L25 CA ashogun Lr oa S15 RES BR ascholarship of ya ms 1% 516 AF RLe conservatism uF ve 20 517 oH Leos hunting m& ny = 518 at PALS thanks; gratitude [REMEMBERING THE KAN II PURE GROUPS ay 1 sig | RB A regrettable ie 2 1083 520 | mA aro ‘employing; employment fig 2 1084 sa | ma cer advisor ae ae |# ¥ 1375 522 RON LawetA ultraviolet rays ste y 0s 523, ah it Les males and females ye 102s 524 eR £2¥ 45 graduation (from schoo!) aE ve? 1680 1737 525 BK tots pioneer; forerunner #] be 155 526 lite ESCs absolutely; (not) at all fl te 980 527 | #8143 459 toswoon:faint x ay 1383, 528 (ArmA front door; main entrance % yy 1386 sag | ER EVITA sine (ofan angle) BL |" + 10 530 | wt Burd — Mopone’sdesk aL * 1s sai | mR starvation Ga 4 02 sx. | BR Law priest tual eelebeant i ve 129% 533. | RKB international TE lw By 7s 534 | @% OO secret ® REMEMBERING THE KANT TL 2 oe gas | SB DIRS honeycomb & |F be 254 36 | @$4 BALES — pyramid; monumental work a be 211 «4 537 | ®® £9 L25 boarding (avessel) Chapter 3 One-Time Chinese Readings ‘The characters brought together in this chapter should be learned well before passing on to the rest of the book. Knowing them will remove another obstacle from the long road that lies ahead ‘This collection of “one-time” readings silts out all the on-yomi that are not homonyms, at least not in the confines of the kanji on which this book is based. We have already learned 5 of these readings in Chapter 1: it * ‘This means that the sounds, >, %, x , and ~ will not appear elsewhere in these pages asa reading for ary kanji The characters they belong to may, of course, take additional readings (see the cross- reference numbers) and phonetic transformations may in fact yield the same sound in certain cases, bt the sounds will not be assigned to any fther characters as a standard reading. There are 42 more such one- time Chinese readings: KE TT 152 sag | FE = Bott oppression AK an 2021 a9 sag | UNE Ametin all “7 * sao | BE Xt villa; private retreat 80 [REMEMBERING THE KANDI IT (ONE-TIME CHINESE READINGS 81 we “ a dt *? us sar | BRIS Le SeED to frequents haunt infest 549 | tb RowWED (aamecofa Japanese island) 8 err op a A eae a 54. | BE CCU ¢ Blackandwhite; good and bad 590 Sy i ae 356 te ® a oar gs1 | RX BEDE precincts a3 | HH = CDH Clack) tea - ih a 702 1m a r “7 1240, $52 seat Lets wheel axis sa | BF OTL disciple ca Par om 2009 We m4 1055 553 | HH —

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