4. Heat energy is required in which type of Tower or Column?

Answer//

Heat energy is needed in plate column because it is easy to customize to specific

requirements such as operation requiring much heat.*1

6. Explain more about the type of random packed equipment like

plastic, ceramic.
Answer//

Ceramic: superior wettability, corrosion resistance at elevated and is used when corrosive
chemicals are involved.

1) Raching rings, 2) intalox saddle 3) berl saddle.

Metal: superior strength & metal element provide good wettability

1) Intalix 2) pall rings 3) super rings 4) top pack.

Plastic: inexpensive, good strength but may have poor wettability at low liquid rate.

1) High flow ring, 2) super intalox saddle 3) plastic hasckett.*2

Also plastic, usually polypropylene is largely used because of low cost but they fail in case
of high temperature.*3

7. Structured and random packed, which one has a better performance?

Answer//
The uniform arrangement of durable structured packing provides many advantages
compared to random packing. Structured packing is more expensive, yet offers
higher efficiency, lower energy consumption, increased capacity, as well as lower
pressure drop. All of these will lead to increased operating rates and lower down
time. Random packing also known as dumped packing is one of the primary cost-
effective devices used in mass and heat transfer. Advantages include low pressure
drop and reduction of liquid holdup.*4
Also structured packing is impressively more costly per unit volume than random
packing. They come in various sizes and are flawlessly stacked in the segment.
 Structured packing typically offers less weight drop and have higher productivity and
limit than random packing so structured packing has more performance.*5

8. What are the effects of number stage in designing of column?

Answer//
The number of theoretical stages required to achieve desired product purity. This
relates to the height of the column, the more trays that are required, and the higher
the column.*7 The number of stages affects mostly on component recovery.
For instance, an absorber with a small number of stages is resulting in certain
component recoveries. If more stages are added to the column, the recovery of most
components will go up.*6

Reference
1. https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/RamiHawrami/absorption-process
2. https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/bandednyaneshwar/column-packing-in-mass-
transfer
3. http://www.hyper-tvt.ethz.ch/contactors-packing.php
4. https://www.kimre.com/the-basic-difference-between-random-and-structured-tower-
packing/
5. http://www.column-internals.com/blog/66/what-is-the-difference-between-structured-
packing-amp-random-packing.htm
6. https://books.google.iq/books?id=-Mar_x-
JjvgC&pg=PA235&lpg=PA235&dq=what+is+the+effect+of+number+of+stages+in+
the+play+column&source=bl&ots=xhIQ6CBTY4&sig=ACfU3U2ehvhBkr2dnhq8iu
NC_9Mi8bA2XQ&hl=en&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=2ahUKEwiv0NyT7ojqAhXbgVwKHc
CVCWkQ6AEwAHoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=what%20is%20the%20effect
%20of%20number%20of%20stages%20in%20the%20play%20column&f=false
7. https://books.google.iq/books?
id=99HmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA72&lpg=PA72&dq=the+effect+of+number+of+stages
+in+the+design+of+plate+column+in+gas+absorption&source=bl&ots=LtR36yabfs
&sig=ACfU3U2c4lAaN0e6WnRI_1NXt6N-
0HRHZg&hl=en&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=2ahUKEwjgiNOm8IjqAhVLnaQKHUqoDtgQ
6AEwCXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=the%20effect%20of%20number%20of
%20stages%20in%20the%20design%20of%20plate%20column%20in%20gas
%20absorption&f=false