Hand-outs in Zoology

TOPIC: Kingdom Animalia

Subtopic: Phylum Chordata

Class Agnatha

- includes jawless fish such as lampreys. They are parasites on other fish.

Class Chondrichthyes

- includes fish whose skeletons are made of cartilage, such as sharks, rays, and skates.

Class Osteichthyes

- includes fish whose skeletons are made of bone.

Class Amphibia

- includes semi-aquatic animals with moist skin. They must return to the water to breed.

Class Reptilia

- includes snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, and iguanas. They have dry, scaly skin.

Class Aves

- have wings and feathers for flight. They also lay eggs.

Class Mammalia

- includes animals with hair or fur. Females have mammary glands to nurse their young with milk.

Terminologies:
Notochord – a cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate
animals. It can only be found in animals under Phylum Chordata.
Bacilli – rod-shaped bacteria
Cocci – sphere-shaped bacteria
Cephalopod – any member of the Phylum Mollusca. It includes squid, octopus, and nautilus. Animals
under this class are characterized by bilateral body symmetry.
Amniotic egg – type of egg produced by reptiles, birds and prototherian or egg-laying mammals, in which
the embryo develops inside an amnion.

Facts:
 Sponges obtain food by filter feeding or straining food particles from water and digest it
intracelluarly through specialized cells.
 Cnidarians digest their food extracellularly.
 Fish has three classes such as Class Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes.
 Mammals can be divided into three more groups based on how their babies develop. These three
groups are monotremes, marsupials, and the largest group, placental mammals.
 Monotremes are mammals that lay eggs like platypus, and echidna.
 Marsupials give birth to babies that are not completely developed. The babies are very tiny.
 Placental mammal develops inside its mother’s body until its body systems can function on their
own.