AP Physies 1 Notes: Simple Harmonie Motion Periodie Motion © A periodic motion is merely any motion that repeats itself over and over © Periodic motions will always have both a period and a frequency... © period (7): the time it takes to complete one full cycle (e., the number of seconds per cycle) (© frequency (/): the number of cycles that occur per unit of time (i.e, cycles per second) notice that they are just reciprocals of each other. T= period (8) ond | f = frequency (Hertz...Hz = 1/s) imple Harmonic Motion ‘* Some instances of periodic motion are specifically known as simple harmonic motion (SHM), if the following conditions are met: Simple harmonic motion is a periodic motion, © about an equilibrium position ©. in which a restoring force is 1, directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium and 2. always directed toward the equilibrium position ‘A “restoring force” is merely an unbalanced force that tends to return an object/system back to equilibrium © examples of SHM: ‘© mass-spring systems o pendulums (at small angular displacements) Graphing SHM: Position (x) vs. Time (1) --+nf8) A L == position (m) A= amplitude: the max And since displacement érom Ae fe Qn ‘equilibrium (m) ° , Mine a=" aon ‘o= angular frequency T (rad/s = L/s) 1 time (3) wor x=Asin woh) Gf x0 at +0)Comparing position (x), velocity (v), and acceleration (a) vs. time.. X Baae , Suro (-) A o 1 X=Acos(wt) “Ay Veo i | : Veo Anan) | | nas (4) NF —(y,,)sin (at) 1 azn (Geax <05 (vst)