DIMENSIONAREA HIDRAULICA A PODULUI

Calculele hidraulice au fost intocmite in conformitate cu “Normativul

privind proiectarea hidraulica a podurilor si podetelor”, indicativ PD 95-2002.

1. Determinarea nivelurilor in regim natural de curgere pentru debitul de calcul cu

asigurarea de 5 %

PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 7 - AVAL POD

(Calcul nivel apa in albie minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.010000

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067
1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 3.4965 17.4590 0.20 19.02 2.98
0.30 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.98
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 8.9296 18.9757 0.47 21.99 13.47
0.60 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.47
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 16.8512 21.1688 0.80 24.05 36.16
1.00 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.16
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 29.9104 22.6809 1.32 26.20 90.01
1.60 Mst 0.2586 1.5588 0.17 11.00 0.12 90.22
Mdr 0.2303 1.5180 0.15 10.83 0.10
m 40.9513 22.6809 1.81 27.64 152.10
2.10 Mst 1.5867 4.0818 0.39 12.71 1.26 167.93
Mdr 15.4194 30.4980 0.51 13.29 14.57

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AVAL POD

PROFIL 7

2.6

2.4

2.2
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.05 [m]

Cota talveg 452.57 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 454.62
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 6 AVAL POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albie minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.009687

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 2.1599 14.4132 0.15 18.11 1.49
0.30 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.49
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 7.2507 17.7312 0.41 21.47 9.80
0.60 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.80
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 14.3333 18.5359 0.77 23.93 29.69
1.00 Mst 0.0345 0.5470 0.06 9.33 0.01 29.69
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 25.0720 18.5474 1.35 26.31 75.50
1.60 Mst 1.0893 3.1004 0.35 12.49 0.79 76.67
Mdr 0.6042 2.1315 0.28 12.05 0.38
m 35.8107 18.5474 1.93 27.96 136.93
2.20 Mst 3.8988 6.4932 0.60 13.69 4.07 163.84
Mdr 24.2258 46.9329 0.52 13.34 22.85

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AVAL POD

PROFIL 6

2.4

2.2

2
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.18 [m]

Cota talveg 452.87 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 455.05
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 5 - AVAL POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albia minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.005878

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 2.2970 9.2504 0.25 19.73 1.73
0.50 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.73
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 11.0284 18.8095 0.59 22.83 14.78
1.10 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.78
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 22.9223 21.4592 1.07 25.28 45.92
1.70 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 45.92
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 35.6614 22.7919 1.56 26.98 92.26
2.30 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 92.27
Mdr 0.0491 0.6342 0.08 9.66 0.01
m 50.8854 23.0932 2.20 28.59 165.59
3.00 Mst 0.4432 1.9810 0.22 11.57 0.19 166.68
Mdr 1.4183 3.4086 0.42 12.86 0.90

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AVAL POD

PROFIL 5

3.2
3
2.8
2.6
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

2.4
2.2
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.94 [m]

Cota talveg 452.42 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 455.36
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 4 - AX POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albia minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.010409

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 2.4574 12.3150 0.20 19.01 2.13
0.40 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.13
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 8.7760 17.0991 0.51 22.32 14.32
0.80 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.32
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 17.2544 17.9312 0.96 24.84 42.89
1.30 Mst 0.0692 0.7531 0.09 9.95 0.02 42.91
Mdr 0.0118 0.3433 0.03 8.42 0.00
m 29.2127 17.9312 1.63 27.16 103.33
2.00 Mst 1.5189 3.5275 0.43 12.93 1.32 105.77
Mdr 1.4232 3.7759 0.38 12.64 1.13
m 37.7543 17.9312 2.11 28.37 158.58
2.50 Mst 3.8670 6.1679 0.63 13.79 4.31 167.18
Mdr 3.8715 6.2277 0.62 13.77 4.29

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AX POD

PROFIL 4

2.8

2.6

2.4
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

2.2

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.44 [m]

Cota talveg 453.48 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 455.92
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 3 - AMONTE POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albia minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.009758

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 3.6463 15.2050 0.24 19.61 3.46
0.40 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.46
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 9.9088 16.5160 0.60 22.92 17.38
0.80 Mst 0.0681 1.1317 0.06 9.26 0.02 17.39
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 18.4907 18.9919 0.97 24.89 44.85
1.30 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.85
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 32.4209 21.3844 1.52 26.83 105.81
2.00 Mst 0.2833 1.5390 0.18 11.19 0.13 105.98
Mdr 0.1103 1.0263 0.11 10.22 0.04
m 42.7277 21.3844 2.00 28.12 167.78
2.50 Mst 6.3600 26.5284 0.24 11.71 3.60 172.25
Mdr 1.1810 3.3587 0.35 12.50 0.86

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AMONTE POD

PROFIL 3

2.6

2.4

2.2
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.42 [m]

Cota talveg 453.96 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 456.38
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 2 - AMONTE POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albia minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.009129

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 4.3432 15.9566 0.27 20.04 4.34
0.40 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.34
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 10.7712 16.9816 0.63 23.14 18.96
0.80 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.96
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 19.0538 17.4128 1.09 25.39 48.34
1.30 Mst 0.1989 1.2184 0.16 10.97 0.08 48.50
Mdr 0.1892 1.2253 0.15 10.86 0.08
m 30.6773 17.4128 1.76 27.53 107.09
2.00 Mst 2.0004 4.2001 0.48 13.16 1.74 110.53
Mdr 1.9227 3.9055 0.49 13.23 1.71
m 38.1496 17.4128 2.19 28.57 154.12
2.45 Mst 7.3288 19.2291 0.38 12.67 5.48 164.10
Mdr 4.0346 5.8059 0.69 14.03 4.51

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AMONTE POD

PROFIL 2

2.6

2.4

2.2
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.42 [m]

Cota talveg 454.44 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 456.86
 PROFIL TRANSVERSAL 1 - AMONTE POD
(Calcul nivel apa in albia minora si majora in regim liber)

Panta hidraulica, i = 0.007985

Coeficient de rugozitate albie minora, n m = 0.040
Coeficient de rugozitate albie majora, n M = 0.067

1/6 Q TOTAL
h Albie A P R C=(1/n)×R Q
Nivel apa
m/M [m2] [m] [m] [m0.5/s] [m3/s] [m3/s]
[m]
m 2.9462 14.7549 0.20 19.01 2.24
0.40 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.24
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 9.6486 17.7136 0.54 22.55 14.35
0.80 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.35
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 18.7934 19.6178 0.96 24.82 40.79
1.30 Mst 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.79
Mdr 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00
m 32.5560 20.5358 1.59 27.04 99.03
2.00 Mst 0.1794 1.3560 0.13 10.58 0.06 99.52
Mdr 0.7213 2.4423 0.30 12.13 0.42
m 43.4745 20.5358 2.12 28.40 160.53
2.55 Mst 1.7045 4.5115 0.38 12.65 1.18 164.10
Mdr 2.8701 5.8115 0.49 13.24 2.39

CHEIE LIMNIMETRICA AMONTE POD

PROFIL 1

2.6

2.4

2.2
Cota suprafata libera apa [m]

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

Debit total, QTOTAL[m3/s]

Qc= 159 [m3/s] NIVEL APA 2.51 [m]

Cota talveg 454.77 Cota nivel apa in regim liber 457.28
 2. Determinarea caracteristicilor de curgere a apelor in regim liber

Nivelurile in regim natural sunt determinate corect daca debitul scurs nu prezinta o
abatere mai mare de +5% sau -2% fata de debitul dat.

Q5%= 159 m3/s Î 0.98% din Q5%=155.82 m3/s

Î 1.05% din Q5%=166.95 m3/s

h panta Albie A P R C=(1/n)xR1/6 v Q QTOTAL

Nivel apa 2 0,5 3
[%] m/M [m ] [m] [m] [m /s] [m/s] [m /s] [m3/s]
[m]
Profil 1 m 42.68 20.54 2.08 28.31 3.65 155.66
Amonte pod 0.7985 Mst 1.53 4.25 0.36 12.55 0.67 1.03 158.84
427.28 Mdr 2.65 5.55 0.48 13.16 0.81 2.15
Profil 2 m 37.35 17.41 2.16 28.50 4.00 150.77
Amonte pod 0.9129 Mst 6.76 19.08 0.35 12.51 0.71 4.81 159.85
456.86 Mdr 3.87 5.68 0.68 13.98 1.10 4.26
Profil 3 m 41.08 21.38 1.92 27.93 3.82 157.11
Amonte pod 0.9758 Mst 4.33 24.54 0.18 11.11 0.46 1.99 159.73
456.38 Mdr 0.93 2.99 0.31 12.25 0.68 0.63
Profil 4 m 36.73 17.93 2.05 28.24 4.12 151.46
Ax pod 1.0409 Mst 3.52 5.85 0.60 13.69 1.08 3.81 159.04
455.92 Mdr 3.51 5.93 0.59 13.65 1.07 3.77
Profil 5 m 49.58 23.09 2.15 28.47 3.20 158.55
Aval pod 0.5878 Mst 0.34 1.72 0.19 11.30 0.38 0.13 159.42
455.36 Mdr 1.23 3.17 0.39 12.70 0.61 0.74
Profil 6 m 35.45 18.55 1.91 27.91 3.80 134.65
Aval pod 0.9687 Mst 3.77 6.38 0.59 13.65 1.03 3.90 160.01
455.05 Mdr 23.29 46.72 0.50 13.26 0.92 21.47
Profil 7 m 39.85 22.68 1.76 27.51 3.65 145.32
Aval pod 1.0000 Mst 1.40 3.69 0.38 12.65 0.78 1.09 158.73
454.62 Mdr 13.91 30.27 0.46 13.08 0.89 12.33

Rezulta Nivel = 455.92

pod

3. Verificarea luminii podului L:

Se propune un pod cu o deschidere L = 22.50m.

o AMps = 2.6458 m2 AMpd = 2.5131 m2
o hMps = 1.00 m hMpd = 0.95 m
Se verifica lungimea aleasa cu relatia:
AMps AMpd 2.6458 2.5131
L = Bm + + = 17.08 + + = 22.37m Î Lungimea aleasa se
hMps hMpd 1.00 0.95

verifica
 - lumina totala L =22.50m
o VmL = 4.12 m/s L=22.50m => ε = 0.93 (conform tabel 6.1)
o μ = ε = 0.93

Pentru determinarea coeficientului de afuiere se foloseste relatia:

Q = 159.00 m3/s
Qm = 151.46 m3/s vm = 4.12 m/s
AMps = 2.6458 m2 vMps = 1.08 m/s
AMpd = 2.5131 m2 vMpd = 1.07 m/s
Q − μ m ⋅ Qm ⋅ E v ⋅ ( μ m ⋅ E − 1) + vMd
AMps = − AMpd ⋅ m
vMs + vm ⋅ ( μ m ⋅ E − 1) vm ⋅ ( μ m ⋅ E − 1) + vMs
Ö E=1.0877 < E lim =1.4 (condiţia de verificare (cf art 42 punctul 3 din Normativ
PD 95-2002) pentru evitarea unor constructii de aparare sau dirijare.

4. Calculul afuierilor

4.1. Calculul afuierilor generale

vmp
E= ⇒ vmp = E ⋅ vmL ⇒ vmp = 1.0877 ⋅ 4.12 ⇒ 4.48m / s
vmL
v 4.48
haf = mp ⋅ h = ⋅ 2.44 = 1.0877 ⋅ 2.44 = 2.65m
vmL 4.12
v mp − viteza medie a apei in albia minora in sectiunea podului
v mL − viteza medie in regim natural in albia minora
h − adancimea apei intr-un punct al sectiunii de scurgere, inainte de afuiere
af gmax = haf − h = 2.65 − 2.44 = 0.21m

4.2. Calculul afuierilor locale

Conform “ Studiului geotehnic privind proiectul: Pod peste Raul Targului, Sat
Lazaresti Punctul Oceni, comuna Schitu Golesti, judetul Arges” raul targului curge pe
marna deci teoretic nu se produc afuieri. Pentru calcul vom considera pamantul care
constituie patul albiei conform Normativ PD 95-2002 este Argila cu compactitate mare
g=1.8 t/m3.
 Adancimea medie a apei este hmed = 2.00m => va = 1.50m/s
Viteza medie a apei in dreptul culeei => v=1.08m/s
1/ 3
⎛ 2 ⋅ v ⎞⎛ va 2 ⎞
cand v<va , af l = 2.42 ⋅ k f ⋅ kα ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜⎜ − 1⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟
⎟
⎝ av ⎠⎝ g ⋅ b ⎠
b − latimea pilei la nivelul patului albiei; pentru afuieri locale la culei b = 1.00m
k f − coeficient care tine seama de forma culeei in sectiune transversala

( conform Fig. 6.IV) k f = 1.25

kα − coeficient care tine seama de unghiul de incidenta al curentului pe pila

(conform Fig. 6.V.) => kα = 1.00

g − acceleratia gravitationala 9.81 m/s

1/ 3
⎛ 2 ⋅1.08 ⎞⎛ 1.5 ⎞
2
af l = 2.42 ⋅1.25 ⋅1.00 ⋅1.00 ⋅ ⎜ − 1⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = 0.81m
⎝ 1.50 ⎠⎝ 9.81 ⋅1.00 ⎠
4.3 Afuierile totale
af tot = af g + af l = 0.21 + 0.81 = 1.02m

5. Calculul suprainaltarilor de nivel (remuu)

Calculul al suprainaltarilor de nivel (remuu) se face cu relatia:

vmp − vm
2 2
4.482 − 4.12 2
Δz = = = 0.16m
2⋅ g 2 ⋅ 9.81
Lungimea pe care se intinde suprainaltarea de nivel se determina aproximativ si
acoperitor cu formula:
2⋅ Δz 2 ⋅ 0.16
Lz = = = 32.80m
i 0.009758
i – panta suprafetei libere a apei, corespunzatoare debitului pentru care s-a calculat
suprainaltarea Dz.
 6. Determinarea cotei minime a intradosului suprastructurii

Nivel pod = 455.92

Rezulta inaltimea libera sub pod = 457.02 – 455.92 = 1.10 m.

( valoarea minima prevazuta in normativul PD 95-2002, pentru poduri (constructii
definitive) peste cursuri de apa cu debite Qc<1000m3/s cu plutitori 1.00m).

Intocmit
Ing. D. Maiorean