openMind

level 3 WORD LIST

UNIT eleven
Word / Phrase Part of Speech Phonetic Spelling Definition Sample Sentence
absence noun [count] /ˈæbsəns/ a period of time when Most staff absences are caused
someone is not where they by back problems.
should be, or where they
usually are
axis noun [count] /ˈæksɪs/ one of the two fixed lines On the x-axis, we can see the
that are used for showing percentage of people who live
measurements on a graph in apartments.
bar graph noun [count] /bɑr ɡræf/ a graph that represents The bar graph showed that
different amounts or values as more men played computer
thick lines of different lengths games than women.
be considerate verb /bi kənˈsɪdərət/ to think about the feelings and Please be considerate when
needs of other people you leave the party and don’t
wake our neighbors!
brat noun [count] /bræt/ an annoying child who I don’t like his young daughter.
behaves badly She behaves like a spoiled brat!
break a verb /breɪk ə ˈprɑmɪs/ to not do something you It was so disappointing when
promise agreed to do she broke her promise.
break a rule verb /breɪk ə rul/ to fail to obey a statement Students who break these rules
explaining what someone can will be punished.
or cannot do in a particular
system, game, or situation
budget noun [count] /ˈbʌdʒət/ the amount of money a person We only have a small budget
or organization has to spend for the movie, so we have to
on something shoot it here in Florida.
building noun [count] /ˈbɪldɪŋ məˈtɪriəl/ a substance used for the Brick was used as the main
material purpose of building something building material for local
houses.
camp noun [count/ /kæmp/ a place with tents or other We arrange a school camp
noncount] shelters where children go on every year.
vacation
cheat verb /tʃit/ to behave dishonestly in order She cheated on her math exam
to do well on an examination by copying the person next
to her.
damage verb /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ to harm something physically When I received the goods
so that it is broken, spoiled, or they were damaged, so I sent
injured them back.
desperate adjective /ˈdesp(ə)rət/ very upset and willing to do The missing man’s family is
anything because you are in a getting increasingly desperate.
bad situation
discipline noun [noncount] /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ practice of making people He believes in strict discipline.
obey rules, and punishing them
if they do not
drop verb /drɑp/ to let something fall If you drop any trash, please
pick it up.
economist noun [count] /ɪˈkɑnəmɪst/ an expert in economics, He’s an economist in the
especially one who advises government.
a government department,
business, or organization

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Word / Phrase Part of Speech Phonetic Spelling Definition Sample Sentence

evade verb /ɪˈveɪd/ to avoid accepting or dealing He evades taxes by spending
with something that you time living abroad.
should do
face verb /feɪs/ to accept that a bad situation The new government is facing
exists, and try to deal with it a number of challenges.
fare noun [count] /fer/ the money that you pay for Train fares have increased
a trip by 10%.
fare evading noun [noncount] /fer ɪˈveɪdɪŋ/ to avoid paying money for He got fined $50 for fare
a trip (usually on public evading.
transportation)
fiancé noun [count] /ˌfiɑnˈseɪ/ your fiancé is the man you are He’s not my boyfriend; he’s my
engaged to and are going to fiancé!
get married to
grade noun [count] /ɡreɪd/ a score in the form of a number, You’ll get a high grade on the
percentage, or letter that a test if you know the chemical
teacher gives a student’s work formula.
graffiti noun [noncount] /ɡrəˈfiti/ words or pictures drawn on There is a lot of graffiti on the
walls in public places subway.
graph noun [count] /ɡræf/ a picture that uses lines or Plot the results of the
curves to show the relationship experiment on a graph.
between numbers or
measurements that change
have enough phrase /hæv ɪˈnʌf əv/ used for saying that you do not I’ve had enough of your
of want to experience any more rudeness; I’m leaving!
of something because it is
annoying or boring
hurt phrase /hɜrt ˈfilɪŋz/ to upset someone The things he said about me
(someone’s) really hurt my feelings.
feelings
illegally adverb /ɪˈliɡ(ə)li/ not allowed to by the law Parking illegally is a common
offense here because there
isn’t a parking lot.
income noun [noncount] /ˈɪnˌkʌm/ money that someone gets from Most of the people in this
working or from investing money small town rely on farming for
income.
lend verb /lend/ to give someone something for Can you lend me a pen? Mine
a short time, expecting that they has run out.
will give it back to you later.
If you lend someone something,
they borrow it from you.
litter noun [noncount] /ˈlɪtər/ things such as pieces of paper Please take your litter home with
that people have dropped on you after a day on the beach.
the ground in a public place,
making it dirty
litter verb /ˈlɪtər/ to leave trash in a place Parents should teach their
children not to litter.
meaning noun [count] /ˈminɪŋ/ the thing, action, feeling, idea, All of these words have the
etc. that a word or words same meaning.
represent
measure noun [count] /ˈmeʒər/ an action that is intended to Stronger measures will have
achieve or deal with something to be taken to bring down
unemployment.
messy adjective /ˈmesi/ very unclean or dirty Sally is a messy person; her
desk is always a mess and so is
her room!

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Word / Phrase Part of Speech Phonetic Spelling Definition Sample Sentence

natural adjective /ˈnætʃ(ə)rəl/ existing in nature and not This forest is an area of great
produced or caused by people natural beauty.
offense noun [count] /əˈfens/ a crime or illegal activity for It wasn’t his first serious offense,
which there is a punishment so he was sent to prison.
overall adjective /ˌoʊvərˈɔl/ considering something as a At the end of the game, the
whole, rather than its details or overall scores were the same.
the different aspects of it
parking noun [noncount] /ˈpɑrkɪŋ/ the process of putting a vehicle I am really bad at parking.
into a place and leaving it I need a really big space!
there
part noun [count] /pɑrt/ one of the pieces, sections, Her lack of punctuality is only
aspects, etc. that something part of the problem.
consists of
poem noun [count] /ˈpoʊəm/ a piece of writing using I prefer reading poems to
beautiful or unusual language novels because they’re shorter!
arranged in fixed lines that
have a particular beat and
often rhyme
poetry noun [noncount] /ˈpoʊətri/ poems He bought me a book of
Auden’s poetry for my birthday.
prevent verb /prɪˈvent/ to stop something from We have to spend more money
happening preventing crime in the area.
private life noun [count] /ˈpraɪvət laɪf/ separate from and not related Do you think we should know
to your work or official position about the private lives of
politicians?
problem noun [count] /ˈprɑbləm/ experiencing a lot of difficulties He has always been a problem
in life or causing difficulties for child. He has been in trouble
other people with the police since the age
of nine.
property noun [noncount] /ˈprɑpərti/ land and the buildings on it He vandalized public property
throughout the town.
public adjective /ˈpʌblɪk/ available for people in general You cannot smoke in any public
to use places.
punish verb /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ to do something unpleasant to He was punished for stealing.
someone because they have
done something bad or illegal
ranch noun [count] /ræntʃ/ a very large farm in the western I lived on a ranch for a year
U.S. or Canada, where cows, and rode horses.
horses, or sheep are kept
reality show noun [count] /riˈæləti ʃoʊ/ a TV program that does Big Brother is my favorite
not use professional actors, reality show.
but shows real events and
situations involving ordinary
people
redesign verb /ridɪˈzaɪn/ design something again The boss doesn’t like the logo
so we have to redesign it.
respect noun [noncount] /rɪˈspekt/ a feeling of admiration that She has worked hard to gain
you have for someone because the respect of her colleagues.
of their personal qualities, their
achievements, or their status,
and that you show by treating
them in a polite and kind way
reward noun [count] /rɪˈwɔrd/ something good that happens Working hard as part of a team
or that you receive because of brings great rewards.
something that you have done

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Word / Phrase Part of Speech Phonetic Spelling Definition Sample Sentence

rule noun [count] /rul/ a statement explaining what There are a lot of rules, but
someone can or cannot do in most are for our safety.
a particular system, game, or
situation
scan verb /skæn/ to read something very quickly, Scan the article for the main
in order to get a general points.
idea of its meaning or to find
particular information
security guard noun [count] /sɪˈkjʊrəti ɡɑrd/ someone whose job is to guard There are two security guards
something at the entrance of the bank.
serious adjective /ˈsɪriəs/ bad or dangerous enough to Fraud is a serious offense which
make you worried carries a prison sentence.
shoplifting noun [noncount] /ˈʃɑpˌlɪftɪŋ/ the crime of stealing things He was caught shoplifting in an
from a store electronics store.
side-by-side phrase /saɪd baɪ saɪd/ used for talking about two or They worked side-by-side with
more groups that live or work the local people.
next to each other although
they are very different
speeding noun [noncount] /ˈspidɪŋ/ the offense of driving faster I was caught speeding. I was
than the speed that is allowed driving at 36 kph in a 30 kph
in a particular area area.
spray verb /spreɪ/ if you spray a liquid, or if it He sprayed his name on the
sprays, it is forced out of a wall with a can of spray paint.
container through a small hole
into the air
spread gossip verb /spred ˈɡɑsɪp/ to tell lots of people some It’s mean to spread gossip
information about someone, about people. Their lives are
usually relating to their private none of your business.
life
stock noun [noncount] /stɑk/ the goods that are available to We’re having some new stock
buy in a store delivered this afternoon.
take phrase /teɪk to accept as your job, duty, You have to take responsibility
responsibility rɪˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti or task for your own actions. I can’t
for fər/ always get you out of trouble.
task noun [count] /tæsk/ something that you have to do, Our first task is to apologize
often something that is difficult to the customers about the
or unpleasant problem.
teenager noun [count] /ˈtinˌeɪdʒər/ a young person between the I hated being a teenager.
ages of 13 and 19 I am much happier now that I
am in my 20s.
tell a lie verb /tel ə laɪ/ to say something that is not true Don’t tell lies. I always want to
know the truth, even if it’s bad.
theft noun [noncount] /θeft/ the crime of stealing Employee theft is on the
increase, so we have installed
security cameras throughout
the company.
think twice phrase /θɪŋk twaɪs/ to carefully consider whether Think twice before you start
what you are planning to do is smoking; it’s unhealthy and
a good idea expensive.
throw out verb /θroʊ aʊt/ to force someone to leave a He was thrown out of the
place or group apartment for not paying
the rent.
treat verb /trit/ to behave toward someone in Looking back, I should have
a particular way treated my teachers with more
respect.

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Word / Phrase Part of Speech Phonetic Spelling Definition Sample Sentence

trouble noun [noncount] /ˈtrʌb(ə)l/ fighting, violence, or bad Teenagers cause a lot of
behavior trouble downtown on the
weekends.
trust noun [noncount] /trʌst/ a feeling of confidence in You have to earn the trust of
someone that shows you your colleagues.
believe they are honest, fair,
and reliable
vandalize verb /ˈvænd(ə)lˌaɪz/ deliberately damaging or My car has been vandalized
destroying buildings or things again.

Useful Expressions
Useful Expressions
Can you do me a favor?
Have you thought about …?
If you ask me, you should …
It might be a good idea to …
It’s not really (your) business.
One reason why … might be …
You were supposed to … but …
Topic / Category Sample Sentence
Breaking the rules Can you do me a favor? Can you mail
a letter for me? I left it on the kitchen
table.
Breaking the rules Have you thought about a career in
teaching? You’re great with kids.
Breaking the rules If you ask me, you should take a year off
before college.
Breaking the rules It might be a good idea to check the
flight time before you leave home.
There are lots of delays.
Breaking the rules Don’t get involved. It’s not really your
business, is it?
Breaking the rules One reason why you didn’t get the
job might be because you don’t speak
Spanish.
Breaking the rules You were supposed to check in online,
but now it’s too late.

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