ge iaNh mUeqDr xxu osQ

ge iaNh mUeqDr xxu osQ

fiatjcn~/ u xk ik,¡xs]
dud&rhfy;ksa ls Vdjkdj
iqyfdr ia[k VwV tk,¡xsA
ge cgrk ty ihusokys
ej tk,¡xs Hkw[ks&I;kls]
dgha Hkyh gS dVqd fuckSjh
dud&dVksjh dh eSnk ls]
Lo.kZ& Üka`[kyk osQ ca/u esa
viuh xfr] mM+ku lc Hkwys]
cl liuksa esa ns[k jgs gSa
r# dh iqQuxh ij osQ >wysA
,sls Fks vjeku fd mM+rs
uhy xxu dh lhek ikus]
yky fdj.k&lh pksap [kksy
pqxrs rkjd&vukj osQ nkusA
gksrh lhekghu f{kfrt ls
bu ia[kksa dh gksM+k&gksM+h]
;k rks f{kfrt feyu cu tkrk
;k rurh lk¡lksa dh MksjhA
uhM+ u nks] pkgs Vguh dk
vkJ; fNUu&fHkUu dj Mkyks]
ysfdu ia[k fn, gSa] rks
vkoqQy mM+ku esa fo?u u MkyksA µf'koeaxy flag ^lqeu*
'kCnkFkZµmUeqDrµvk”kkn] fiatjcn~/µfiatjs esa can] iqyfdrµizse@g"kZ vkfn ls xn~xn~@jksekafpr] dVqdµdM+ok@dVq] fuckSjhµuhe oQk iQy]
f{kfrtµtgk¡ i`Foh vkSj vkdk'k osQ feyus dk vkHkkl gksrk gS] uhM+µ?kksalyk

1
 vH;kl

dfork esa ls
1- fdl dkj.k if{k;ksa osQ ia[k VwV tk,¡xs\
2- fiatjs esa can jgdj feyus okys [kkus o ikuh dh txg if{k;ksa dks D;k ilan gS vkSj D;ksa\
3- if{k;ksa osQ D;k vjeku gSa\
4- HkkokFkZ Li"V dhft,µ
ysfdu ia[k fn, gSa] rks
vkoqQy mM+ku esa fo?u u MkyksA
5- mfpr mRrj ij lgh (✓) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ
(d) i{kh dgk¡ xk ugha ik,¡xs\
?kksalys esa fiatjs esa vkdk'k esa isM+ksa esa
([k) Lo.kZ& Üka`[kyk osQ ca/u esa i{kh D;k Hkwy x, gSa\
i<+uk ugkuk mM+uk lksuk
(x) if{k;ksa dk D;k liuk gS\
LoPNan jgus dk fiatjs esa jgus dk
?kksalys ij jgus dk egy esa jgus dk
6- dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh dhft,µ
(d) cl -------------------------------- esa ns[k jgs gSa
-------------------------------- dh iqQuxh ij >wysA
([k) ;k rks -------------------------------- feyu cu tkrk
;k rurh -------------------------------- dh MksjhA

ckrphr osQ fy,

1- ^dVqd fuckSjh* vkSj ^dud dVksjh* osQ n~okjk fdl vksj laosQr fd;k x;k gS\
2- gesa if{k;ksa osQ izfr laosnu'khy gksuk pkfg,A ppkZ dhft,A
3- if{k;ksa dh vkSj gekjh fnup;kZ esa D;k varj gS\
2
vuqeku vkSj dYiuk
1- dYiuk dhft, fd vki ,d i{kh gSa ftls fiatjs esa can dj fn;k x;k gSA vki mlesa ls ckgj fudyus
osQ fy, D;k iz;kl djsaxs\
2- ;fn vki iaNh cudj [kqys xxu esa ?kwers gSa rks vkidks /jrh dk u”kkjk oSQlk yxsxk\
3- vxj dcwrj us vkiosQ ?kj osQ fdlh dksus esa ?kksalyk cukdj mlesa vaMk ns fn;k rks vki mldh
ns[kHkky oSQls djsaxs\
Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- fn, x, fo'ks";ksa osQ fy, dfork esa vk, fo'ks"k.k 'kCn fyf[k,µ
(d) --------------------------- ia[k (x) --------------------------- dVksjh
([k) --------------------------- xxu (?k) --------------------------- fuckSjh
2- uhps fy[ks fØ;k 'kCnksa dks 'kCndks'k osQ Øekuqlkj Øe la[;k nhft,µ
ik,¡xs cgrk mM+ku tk,¡xs Mkyks
ns[k cu Hkwys pqxrs fn,
3- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph 'kCn ,d dfork esa ls vkSj ,d viuh vksj ls fyf[k,µ
(d) i{kh µ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
([k) uHk µ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
(x) isM+ µ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

thou ewY;
● ^ge iaNh mueqDr xxu osQ
fiatjcn~/ u xk ik,¡xs*
1- if{k;ksa dks fiatjs esa can djuk mudh vkt+knh Nhuuk gS\ oSQls\
2- gesa fdlh dh Hkh Lora=krk D;ksa ugha Nhuuh pkfg,\
oqQN djus osQ fy,
1- mu if{k;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk djosQ ,d fjiksVZ rS;kj dhft, ftudh la[;k de gksrh tk jgh gS] blosQ
D;k dkj.k gSa vkSj ge budk laj{k.k fdl izdkj dj ldrs gSa\
2- if{k;ksa ls tqM+h vU; dfork,¡ if<+, vkSj dksbZ ,d dfork d{kk esa lqukb,A
3
 vly /u
cgqr fnuksa dh ckr gS] bZjku osQ fdlh xk¡o esa ,d pjokgk jgrk FkkA og cM+k gh xjhc FkkA cl] fnu esa nks le;
:[kh&lw[kh jksVh fey tkrh FkhA iguus osQ fy, HksM+ dh Åu ls cus iQVs&iqjkus diM+s Fks vkSj jgus osQ fy, ,d
NksVh&lh >ksaiM+h Fkh ftldh vk/h Nr fxj pqdh FkhA
xjhc gksrs gq, Hkh xk¡o okys mldk cM+k lEeku djrs FksA bldk dkj.k mlosQ vusd xq.k FksA
og cM+k gh cqn~f/eku FkkA xk¡o okys viuh dfBu vkSj tfVy leL;k,¡ ysdj mlosQ ikl vkrs vkSj og
mUgsa cM+h cqn~f/ekuh ls lqy>k nsrk FkkA xk¡o osQ lc >xM+ksa dk fucVkjk ogh djrk FkkA
/hjs&/hjs mldh cqn~f/ekuh dh /we nwj&nwj rd igq¡p xbZA yksx vkil esa ;gh ckrsa djrsµ
^nkjk fdruk cqn~f/eku gS!*
^og osQoy ,d pjokgk gS ijarq mldh cqn~f/ jktkvksa dh&lh gSA*
^lalkj dk dksbZ ,slk iz'u ugha ftldk mRrj mlosQ ikl u gksA*

4
 ^,slh dksbZ leL;k ugha] ftls og lqy>k u losQA*
^bZjku esa ,slh lw>&cw> j[kus okyk nwljk vkSj dksbZ ugha gSA*
mldh cqn~f/ekuh dh ppkZ bZjku osQ 'kkg osQ dkuksa rd Hkh tk igq¡phA mu fnuksa 'kkg osQ lkeus oqQN ,slh
leL;k,¡ Fkha ftUgksaus mls ijs'kku dj j[kk FkkA
mlus ,d nwr dks Hkstdj viuh leL;k crkbZ vkSj nkjk ls lq>ko ek¡xk fd og D;k djsA
nkjk us rqjar gh leL;k dks lqy>k fn;k vkSj og Hkh ,slh le>nkjh ls fd 'kkg nax jg x;kA
mlus eu esa dgkµ^;g nkjk dksbZ lk/kj.k pjokgk ugha gSA ,slh lw>&cw> j[kus okys dk mfpr LFkku HksM+ksa
osQ lkFk taxy esa ugha] egy esa jktflagklu osQ ikl gSA*
mlus viuk nwr Hkstdj nkjk dks vius njckj esa cqyk;kA
nkjk us >qddj mls lyke fd;kA
'kkg us eqldjkdj dgk] ^^,s nkjk] ge
pkgrs gSa fd rqe tSlk cqn~f/eku gekjs egy esa
jgs rkfd ge jkT; dh leL;kvksa osQ fo"k; esa
rqe ls lq>ko ysrs jgsaA**
nkjk us flj >qdkdj mRrj fn;k] ^^vkidk
gqDe flj vk¡[kksa ijA**
nkjk 'kkg osQ lkFk njckj esa jgus yxkA 'kkg
mldh ckrksa ls bruk izHkkfor gqvk fd nkjk osQ
fcuk ,d {k.k Hkh mldk eu ugha yxrk FkkA og
dksbZ Hkh dke mlosQ lq>ko osQ fcuk ugha djrk
FkkA og gj le; mls vius lkFk j[krk vkSj njckj esa mls jktflagklu osQ ikl gh fcBkrk FkkA
tSls&tSls 'kkg osQ njckj esa mldk lEeku c<+rk x;k] oSls&oSls njckfj;ksa osQ eu esa mlosQ fy, tyu c<+rh
xbZA
os vkil esa oqQN bl izdkj dh ckrsa djrsµ
^;g pjokgk flagklu osQ ikl cSBrk gSA*
^'kkg us bls eq¡g p<+k j[kk gSA*
^tc ls ;g njckj esa vk;k gS] 'kkg gesa iwNrk Hkh ughaA*
^gesa rks blesa dksbZ xq.k fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA*
5
 njckjh mlosQ f[kykI+kQ 'kkg osQ
dku Hkjus yxs] ijarq 'kkg us myVk mUgsa
gh Mk¡V fn;k] ^^eSa le>rk gw¡] rqe nkjk
ls tyrs gksA blls vPNk rks ;g gksrk
fd rqe vius vanj Hkh nkjk tSls xq.k
iSnk djrsA vius dks vPNk cukuk dfBu
dke gSA vPNs yksxksas esa dhM+s fudkyuk
lcls ljy dke gSA eSa rqEgkjh ,d u
lquw¡xkA rqe >wBs vkSj nq"V gksA**
'kkg osQ eu esa nkjk osQ fy, Lusg
vkSj lEeku fnu&izfrfnu c<+rk gh x;kA
'kkg us mls cgqr&lk /u fn;kA
,d fnu 'kkg us mls cqykdj
dgk] ^^esjk eu rks ugha djrk ijarq oqQN
,slh etcwjh vk iM+h gS fd eq>s rqels
nwj jguk gksxkA**
nkjk osQ eu dks /Ddk yxkA mlus nq[k vkSj vk'p;Z ls iwNk] ^^esjk nks"k D;k gS\**
'kkg us g¡ldj mRrj fn;k] ^^rqEgkjk dksbZ nks"k ughaA lquks] eSa rqEgsa mRrjh bZjku osQ ,d izkar dk xouZj cuk
jgk gw¡A ogk¡ dk 'kklu fcxM+ pqdk gSA ljdkjh vf/dkjh vkSj deZpkjh Hkz"V gSaA vjktdrk iSQyh gqbZ gSA lc yksx
euekuh dj jgs gSaA tku vkSj eky lqjf{kr ughaA pkjksa vksj gkgkdkj ep jgk gSA ogk¡ rqEgkjs tSls cqn~f/eku] bZekunkj
vkSj le>nkj 'kkld dh cM+h vko';drk gSA eq>s fo'okl gS] rqEgkjs tkus ls izkar osQ gkykr Bhd gks tk,¡xsA**
nkjk xouZj cudj mRrjh izkar dh vksj pykA
mlosQ ogk¡ igq¡prs gh izkar osQ gkykr lq/jus yxsA og Lo;a gj LFkku ij tkrk vkSj yksxksa ls iwNrk fd mUgsa
D;k nq[k gSA og uxj&uxj tkdj njckj yxkrk vkSj nksf"k;ksa dks l”kk,¡ nsdj yksxksa dks U;k; fnykrkA izkar esa 'kkafr
iSQy xbZA yksx u, xouZj osQ xq.k xkus yxsA
'kkg osQ dkuksa rd lkjh ckrsa igq¡p jgh FkhaA og mUgsa lqu&lqudj iwQyk u lekrkA
njckfj;ksa dh tyu vkSj Hkh c<+ xbZ vkSj os 'kkg osQ dku Hkjus osQ fy, u,&u, mik; lkspus yxsA
nkjk izkar osQ vusd LFkkuksa dk nkSjk ?kksM+s ij lokj gksdj djrk FkkA nkSjs ij tkrs le; mlosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkSj ?kksM+k Hkh gksrk Fkk ftldh ihB ij ,d cM+k&lk cDlk j[kk jgrk FkkA cDls osQ fcuk nkjk dHkh uxj ls ugha

'kCnkFkZµdhM+s fudkyukµnks"k fudkyuk

6
 fudyrk FkkA
njckfj;ksa dks ,d volj fey x;kA
mUgksua s 'kkg ls dgk] ^^vki nkjk dks bZekunkj
le>rs gSa] ijarq og csbZeku gSA**
'kkg us fcxM+dj dgk] ^^rqe mlls tyrs
gks] blhfy, ,slh ckrsa djrs gksA rqe esjs dku
ugha Hkj ldrsA**
os cksys] ^^tks ge dg jgs gSa] mlosQ lqcwr
Hkh ns ldrs gSaA**
mUgksaus dgk] ^^D;k vki ugha tkurs fd
nkjk tgk¡ Hkh tkrk gS] vius lkFk ,d cDlk ys
tkrk gS\**
^^gk¡] eSaus lquk gSA**
mUgksaus iwNk] ^^gq”kwj] vkius dHkh lkspk fd ml cDls esa ,slh D;k oLrq gS\**
'kkg us fopkj esa Mwcdj dgk] ^^eq>s Hkh fopkj gksrk gS fd vkf[kj ml cDls esa og D;k j[krk gS!**
njckjh cksyk] ^^ml cDls esa nkjk ml /u dks j[krk gS ftls mlus viuh csbZekuh ls ,d=k fd;k gSA og
iztk dks ywVrk gSA og bZekunkj ugha] <ksaxh gSA**
'kkg cM+h my>u esa iM+ x;kA le> esa ugha vkrk Fkk fd D;k djs! vxj nkjk csbZeku Fkk rks fiQj lalkj
esa dksbZ bZekunkj gks gh ugha ldrk FkkA og cgqr nq[kh FkkA
mlus nwr dks Hkstdj nkjk ls njckj esa gkf”kj gksus dks dgkA
nkjk vk'p;Z esa iM+ x;kA bl izdkj vpkud gh njckj esa gkf”kj gksus dk vkns'k mls vthc&lk yxkA
ijarq og rqjar gh jkt/kuh dh vksj py iM+k vkSj 'kkg osQ lkeus vkdj >qd x;kA
mlosQ lkFk mldk og cDlk Hkh FkkA
njckj njckfj;ksa ls [kpk[kp Hkjk gqvk FkkA
lcdh fuxkgsa ml cDls ij xM+h gqbZ Fkha vkSj njckjh ,d&nwljs dks b'kkjs djosQ eqLoqQjk jgs FksA
nkjk us vnc ls dgk] ^^,s bZjku osQ 'kkg] eSa gkf”kj gw¡A esjs fy, D;k gqDe gS\**
'kkg cksyk] ^^nkjk] geus rq> ij Hkjkslk fd;k] rq>s lEeku fn;k vkSj xouZj cuk;k ijarq rwus gesa fujk'k
fd;kA**

7
 ^^og oSQls] gq”kwj\** nkjk us vk'p;Z ls
iwNkA
'kkg Øks/ ls fpYyk;k] ^^D;k ;g
lp ugha fd rwus csbZekuh ls /u ,d=k
fd;k gS\ D;k gekjk fn;k gqvk /u rsjs
fy, dkI+kQh ugha Fkk tks rw csbZekuh ij
mrj vk;k\**
^^;g >wB gS]** nkjk us uehZ ls
mRrj fn;k] ^^esjs ikl bZekunkjh osQ
flok vkSj oqQN ugha gSA**
'kkg us >Yykdj dgk] ^^rsjs
bl cDls esa ,slk D;k gS tks rw bls
vius lkFk fy, fiQjrk gS\**
nkjk us flj >qdkdj dgk]
^^bl cDls esa esjk vly /u gSA**
njckfj;ksa dh vk¡[kksa esa ped vk xbZA
^^[kksy bls!** 'kkg us gqDe fn;kA
tc mlus cDlk [kksyk rks lcdh vk¡[ksa vk'p;Z ls iSQy xb±A
mlosQ vanj HksM+ dh Åu ls cuk gqvk ,d iqjkuk dksV Fkk] tSlk fd pjokgs iguk djrs gSaA
^^;g D;k gS\** 'kkg us iwNkA
nkjk us mRrj fn;k] ^^eSa blh dks igudj HksM+sa pjk;k djrk FkkA eSa bls blfy, lkFk j[krk gw¡ fd ;g eq>s
;kn fnykrk jgs fd eSa ,d xjhc pjokgk Fkk vkSj esjs eu esa dHkh ?keaM iSnk u gksA ;gh esjk vly /u gSA**
njckj esa lUukVk Nk x;k FkkA
njckfj;ksa osQ flj 'keZ ls >qosQ gq, FksA
'kkg cksyk] ^^/U; gS ;g ns'k ftlus nkjk tSls egku bulku dks tUe fn;k!**
µvcjkn eksgflu o dkejku eksgflu

8
 vH;kl

ikB esa ls
1- xk¡o okys nkjk dk lEeku D;ksa djrs Fks\
2- 'kkg n~okjk nkjk dks vius njckj esa j[kus dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\
3- njckjh nkjk ls bZ";kZ D;ksa djrs Fks\
4- 'kkg us nkjk dks xouZj cukdj D;ksa Hkstk\
5- nkjk vius cDls esa D;k j[krk Fkk vkSj D;ksa\
6- dgkuh osQ fn, x, va'k dks i<+dj rhu iz'u cukb,µ
nkjk osQ igq¡prs gh izkar osQ gkykr lq/jus yxsA og Lo;a gj LFkku ij tkrk vkSj yksxksa ls iwNrk
fd mUgsa D;k nq[k gS\ og uxj&uxj tkdj njckj yxkrk vkSj nksf"k;ksa dks l”kk,¡ nsdj yksxksa dks
U;k; fnykrkA izkar esa 'kkafr iSQy xbZA yksx u, xouZj osQ xq.k xkus yxsA
(d) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ckrphr osQ fy,

1- pjokgs dk thou oSQlk Fkk\
2- dgkuh esa ls ,sls va'k Nk¡Vdj crkb, ftuls nkjk osQ cqfn~/eku gksus dk irk pyrk gSA
3- nkSjs ij tkrs le; nkjk nwljk ?kksM+k D;ksa j[krk Fkk\
4- njckfj;ksa us nkjk osQ f[kyki+Q 'kkg ls D;k dgk\

vuqeku vkSj dYiuk

1- 'kkg us nkjk osQ ikl nwr dks Hkstdj fdl leL;k dks lqy>kus osQ fy, dgk\ vuqeku yxkb,] nkjk
us leL;k dks oSQls lqy>k;k gksxk\
2- ;fn njckfj;ksa osQ dgs vuqlkj nkjk osQ cDls ls csbZekuh ls ,d=k fd;k x;k /u fudyrk rks D;k
gksrk\
9
 3- ikB dk 'kh"kZd ^vly /u* D;ksa j[kk x;k\ bl ikB dk dksbZ vU; 'kh"kZd lq>kb, rFkk ;g Hkh
crkb, fd vkius ;g 'kh"kZd D;ksa pquk\

Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- ikB esa ls nks&nks O;fDrokpd] tkfrokpd] Hkkookpd laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ
O;fDrokpd laKk tkfrokpd laKk Hkkookpd laKk
(d) ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

([k) ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

2- eqgkojksa osQ iz;ksx ls Hkk"kk vkd"kZd curh gS budk v{kj'k% vFkZ ugha cfYd yk{kf.kd vFkZ
fy;k tkrk gSA ikB esa vusd eqgkojs vk, gSa tSlsµ^iwQyk u lekuk* ftldk vFkZ gSµcgqr
[kq'k gksukA vc vki fn, x, eqgkojksa dk okD; esa iz;ksx dhft,µ
(d) dku Hkjuk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) nax jg tkuk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) vk¡[kksa eas ped vkuk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- ikB esa dbZ ^fo'ks"k.k* 'kCn vk, gSaA vki crkb, fd os fdldh fo'ks"krk,¡ crk jgs gSaµ
fo'ks"k.k 'kCn fdldh fo'ks"krk crk jgs gSa
(d) xjhc --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) :[kh&lw[kh --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) Hkz"V --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) cqn~f/eku] le>nkj] bZekunkj --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Ä) tfVy --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10
thou ewY;
1- D;k vkidks ?kj esa] fon~;ky; esa fdlh ls bZ";kZ gksrh gS\ D;ksa\
2- bZ";kZ djuk mfpr gS ;k vuqfpr\ D;ksa\
3- eu esa bZ";kZ dk Hkko mRiUu gh u gks] blosQ fy, vki D;k djsaxs\
4- vki vius ikl fe=kksa vkSj lacafèk;ksa n~okjk HksaV dh xbZ fdu oLrqvksa dks l¡Hkkydj j[krs gSa\

oqQN djus osQ fy,

1- Ñ".knsojk;&rsukyhjkek] vdcj&chjcy osQ cqn~f/ekuh Hkjs fdLls if<+, vkSj mUgsa d{kk esa lqukb,A
2- uhps nh xbZ leL;kvksa osQ lek/ku ij d{kk esa ppkZ dhft,µ
(d) ;fn ckfj'k dk ikuh xyh esa Hkj tk,A
([k) ;fn iM+kslh nsj jkr rd rs”k vkok”k esa laxhr ctk,¡A

11