Neck Thyroid gland Cariag hyoiia, Lara deer IM oteahydeus CGtandula myroidea, Lobus dxtor Fig. 11.50 Position of the thyroid gland, Glandula thyroidea; ventral view. ‘The thyroid eland (weight in an aduit 20-25 a) is located below the Fig. 11.51 Thyroid gland, Glandula thyroidea; horizontal section. ‘The thyroid gland covers the upper tracheal part from lateral and ver tral. Itis the largest endocrine gland in the body and secretes the hor ‘ones thyroxine (tetraiodothyronino, T,), viedathyronine (T;), and ca Gitonin. The gland is enshesthed ints own capsule and, togather with the Larynx, Trachea, Oesophaaus, and Pharynx, is surrounded by the ‘general organ fascia. Clinical Remarks Thyroid gland surgery requires the ventral opening of the Fascia | pretracheais and the joint special and general organ fascia atthe an | ta1or side of te thyroid gland. Surgeons refer io it 2s outer Fascia | protrachealis) and inner (gan taecia)eapeule ofthe thyroid gland Hyperplasia, adenoma, oF carcinoma af the parathyroid glands can 192 + dissection link Muscles ~ Pharynx ~ Larynx Mamorana tyrenyeaea Prommnenta yoga Un ccathoideun menu Glanduia thyroidea,Lobus sinister Isthmus glandulae thyrokdoae ‘aches Larynx. The Glandula thyroidea surraunds the upper part of the Trac ‘with bilateral lobes (Lobus dexter end Lobus sinister) and an ante isthmus, Isthmus glanduze thyrodeae Faso canicals Lami supericls Paya Spat sprasteraie .starehyodoue M.sterotnrodeus IM staracinsomstcecs 1 tarngousrecurens jog vagus Placed at the posterior side of each gandular lobe there ae nwo: Sized epithetl bocies (parathyroid glands, Glandulae ‘weighing 12-50 mg, which produce the parathyroid hormone ‘On both sides, the NL laryngeus recurrens courses between She: ‘chea and the Oesophagus. The nerve is located outside of the ‘organ fasciae but inside the general organ fascia, result in an byperfunction with the develooment of a primary! pparathyroidism. The increased secretion of parathyroid (PTH) causes an incroase of the serum calcium levels and i Gated with complications affecting the bones, kidneys, and intestinal act.