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List the most important jobs. Reading 2 Read this interview with the head of a plt-stop crew. Check your answers to 1. M ki How do mechanics service a car so quickly in the middle of a jal ing car race? Will Peters Is chief mechanic and crew leader of a every pit-stop crew. Here he explains his work. Iimthe crew leader, and | have twenty mechanics in ay cre I's Gangerous work: 0 seco nd we wear lire suits and safely helmets. | have five teams: wheet-gun, wheel-on, wheel-oft, ° wheeljack and fuel. Every second is important in the middle of a race, 20 everyone moves quickly and ivorks, together 2s 2 team.F he tour un bebe ili t'the ose ‘ath tele wheel gus. CEU Ram tren enor beast, Tre armani nw wh warmed 7 ‘The two whesteok iam h Jun to the cal ard glzce iheacks under the front and roar Ramm © iecer nj one hecnr ofr ound sodas man ‘Theh three iatoots of the tue! tin iow fotyard. Of cena the fuel nozzte; and the éthor CORO Be MtsreteM to carry the fuel nose’ t weighs 40 Koi). The ig nea tise conte inne ‘Nel socket on fe cer They then svc or the Wal puinpe ERROR Tne whestotfmechanits move foware,Théy take the a@ while af and tke thorn away Snail 1s. Now the wheg]-on guys move forward. Thay takd the warm blankets off the naw wheels, put the CUI R SRST ew wheels of he tar snd move back cuciy Cathe olner sie ofthe car anater mechanic Puls his-arm ito the coskpt and cleans he drivers visor EE cetgin ae rove frat atten tent Then ey re hard ort et eveything 18 OR. ne wheats bone ome) arf heared acd tae he jacks away N ie GR PMOSRM cling The nel gne eau pening nels te oat They Wal te fa noes and heaen ‘Place dt ull he fut In the oa f iw e s ‘SELECT FAST GEAR; He Supige the gear igver into fst goer, and waits, ORAS ee signet to the cor F “The fuel putrip swiiches of, al the tbe! guys pullout tie fhel ndzie. Another ius! team mentiber DETR cseans spilled fut of te car, ced moves back cuisly Immediately Isignal fo the iver: GO. TOROS The caries io tah of ho plane. The dior procs th tion to cogs the fel ep. ‘The’car speeds Up ad leaves jhe pit ane, Ua tisistieiccma 3 Label the parts. flap hose jack nozzle socket wheel gun 4 Complete this checklist of instructions for each team. UE 1 zi 2 Raise the car off the ground. 1 Loosen the whe nlf on the od wheels 1 Take the old wheats off: g Bai SS ieee ia |2 Training Starthere 1 BESEEEE You area traince pit-stop mechanic. A trainer is giving you instructions. Listen and write numbers I-10 to show the correct order of instructions. Tighten the wheal nuts, FRaise the car wth the jack, Loosen the wheel nuts, Put the jack under the car ‘Lower the car and take the Jack avy. Vocabulary 2 Match the pictures with the verbs in the box. li'up pickup pullout pushin putdown puton take away take off ____ Present pertect Te takon the tyres of | Pen taking of the tyres row. fm taking them off, 3 Listen and respond to these instructions quickly. Confirm (a) what ‘you are doing and then (b) what you have done. Example: 1 (You hear) Bring out the new tyres. (You say) Right, I'm bringing them out now OK, Fve brought them out.Speaking 4 Wark in pairs. Make dialogues between a supervisor (5) and a trainee (T) from. the checklists + putrewiyreson done + switch off electniety = done + ‘tighten wheel nuts inprogress & + testatlcieuits ——_ inprogress + adjustatraresswre —_notyetdane + tinéany touts | notyer done | + take cover otf done + strp off ol6 paint lane + repair comouter inprogress 5+ plesternolesin wall | in progress + take out damages chip notyet done ‘+ buynewpaint | natyer done + replace burt wie done + take apart telephone : done + swichon power | inprogress 8 + pulitogother again | in progress + sheckother wires __notyeidone + testit ot yet dane How are you getting on? rvs to galn mone tine: Heng on.sesta mina ‘One nits. Nea eer, ‘Amel done. Foe put the new tyres on. Un still tightening the whet nuts. It's almost done. OK, good. Have you adjusted the air pressure yet? No, Fhaven't done that yet. Ft! do it next nen& Language __yeris used with present perfect questions and negatives to emphasise the period Of time up to now, : Has Bilt finished that job yet? The speaker wanted or expected Bill to finistithe Job betore now, John tasn't cleared ihe car yet. The speaker wanted or expected: John to clean the car before now. Task — 5 Work in small groups. Choose one of these car Jobs. With your group, make a set of instructions for doing the job. 6 Turn to page 111, Find useful instructions from the list. Revise your own set of Instructions. Rewrite them if necessary, and make them short and simple. 7 Roleplay this situation with someone from another group with a different job. Student A. You're the manager of a garage. You're showing a new trainee how to do the fob. Tell the trainee how to do the job, but don’t look at your set of instructions. Give instructions, and check how the trainee is getting on. First of all, loosen the wheel nats. Have you done that yet? Good. Right. Note lift up the car with the jack. OK? Well done. Student B. You're a new trainee in the garage. Follow the manager's instructions. Mime the actions if you can. Tell the manager how you're getting on, Hang on. Just a minate. No, not yet. 'm still loosening the wheel nuts, It’s almost done, OK, Fve finished. I've taken it off. What do Ido next?3 Starthere 1 2 Speaking 3 Method How do you start or activate these devices? Complete the sentences. break kick pickup press pull switch on touch 1 The passenger activates the ticket machine by taucking the screen. 2 You switch on the phone by________ the handset and _____ the green button. 3. The user starts the outboard motor by _ the handle of the cord. 4 The rider starts the engine by ________the battery nd the lever downwards. 5. The burglar activates the alarm by —_the laser beam. Make questions and answers. A: How does the passenger activate the ticket machine? B. He activates it / He does it by touching the screen. ‘The burglar activated the alerm by breaking a laser beam, TWethod tart the outboard motor | by piling | he cord 4 Speaking 5 Work in pairs. Match the devices with the methods. Device How to start/activate it 1 accelerator on motorbike a) put it under an electric lamp 2 voiceoperated computer b) step on a sensor in the door mat 3. solar battery ©) rotate the handle 4 emergency stop in train ) insert the key and turn it 5 shop door alarm €) pull the lever 6 carengine 1) speak toit Make questions and answers. A’ How do you activate the accelerator on a motorbike? By By rotating the handle, (or You activate it by rotating the handle.)Writing 6 Write sentences explaining how to activate or start the devices in 4. you, the user, the customer, the driver, the passenger 1 You activate / The user activates the accelerator on a motorbike by rotating the handle, Reading 7 What can this robot do? How does it work? Discuss with your partner. 8 Read this magazine article, Write the names of the devices in the chart. OTF P MELON signs toss nar 5 gadis ony 608mm 3, tuk SP Itean do something that no other robot can do. It can ride a bike, How does It do this? ae By means of sensors and wireless technology. One sensor is located in the rotet’s body. This sensor keeps the robot upright and prevents it trom fling sideways. The robot can look ahead using @ small camers in its head. The camera helps the robot to Fide ina straight line. Another sensor is located in ils chost. This sensor prevents it trom hitting a wall or athar object. The robat can recelve instructions fron an external computer by means of a wireless receiver in the box on is back. The ‘computer makes it ollow the corract road. Finally, il the road is not fat, another sensor (In the frame of the bike} ean feel the movement ofthe wheel. The ‘sensor allows the robot to ride aver bumps in she road. Murata Boy can do these things eevies location (1) trean stay ina vertical position on the bike sensor body (} can reseive instructions from en outside computer ‘changes in the curtace of the road (@) thoan look stzight ahead andi move straigh!‘orvare @) It can detect wals and move away from them by using by using ‘by means of ‘The robot can took abead a camera inits head, Speaking 9 Supply the questions for this interview with the inventor of the robot. 1A: What 2 B: It can ride bicycle. 2A How ? B: It works by means of sensors and wireless technology. a8 ? B: By means of a sensor in the frame of the bike. 48 ? B: By a sensor in its chest. BOA: ? B: By using a camera.Start here Listening on our: weeks. Jon Leave: —_wooks. on Leave: weeks. onsirere + ofsnore ‘Snabay = ot avy ‘leave = an holy Language Speaking Routines ‘Would you like to work on an offshore oil platform? Why/Why not? Discuss with a partner. Tore and Ken work on different ofl platforms, Listen to their phone call and complete the information on the left. Listen to Tore (T) and Ken (K) again and complete the conversation. Ts Hi, Ken, How are things on your rig? K: Hi. Tore, Well, we (1)-____very hard at the moment. But 1@) on leave tomorrow. T: That’ great. Where @) ? Back home? K: lusually 4) ______ home to Nigeria, But this time 16) _______ to France for a holiday. Ts Ah, fantastic. (6) __ fto0 weeks On, 160 weeks off? No, | (7) _______—_ three on and three off. How about you? T; 18) _.___ two wo, K: When's your next leave? T. Fm on the helicopter right now! I (9) ———_____ to Norway! The present simple is used to talk about (1) regular or routine events; (2) job descriptions; (3) processes ‘The present continuous is used to talk about (1) things happening now; 2) things happening temporarily around now; (3) plans or intentions for the near future, : 4 Workin pairs. Ask each other about the changes in the work routine. A> What does Tore usually do from six to seven forty-five? B> He usually supervises the deck crew. But not today. 4 Sats he doing today? B: He's operating the main crane. ca eae Sere [Swen [Seve et | Senate —[oericeurnese wate xe (ere leer, lean poe, Crock pesersers omaiienerce work | festwiecics-awines | jareee [Seems [asso5 GEZEEW Listen to these oil rig workers talking about their jobs. Tick their jobs on the organisation charts. SUBSEA CREW DECK CHEW ORLL CREW —__ELEGTIGAL ogPnTENT Sea Erin gear ona oiler iameoarcnSuneret . wy “ ¥ Assiston® Sun-See Assistant Aoustabout sistent Oiler ‘chit Electrician Engineor Crane + ¥ Operator Desrie Man Pump tae Eleetrian 6 Complete the job descriptions, Use the correct form of these verbs. maintain operate repalr report supervise 1 The Assistant Sub-Sea Engineer repairs and ______ the platform. and the pipes under the sea. He to the SuiSea Engineer. 2 The Assistant Crane Operator —_____ and... the cranes on the main deck, He ._____ to the Crane Operator. 3 The Assistant Driller __ the drilling equipment. He the Derrick Man and the Pump Man. He ______to the Driller, 4) The Chief Electrician _and___alltthe electrical equipment on the rig. He ______ three electricians. He to the Maintenance Supervisor. ‘Speaking 7 Workin pairs. Act the parts of two of the oil rig workers. Ask each other about your jobs. What's your job? What do you do? Tm an Assistant Dritier. L operate the drilling equipment. Do you superuise anyone? Who do you supervise? Who reports to you? Who do you report to? Who supervises you? 8 Write down your job title and a short job description. If you do not have a job, think of a job you want when you finish all your training, 9 Work in pairs, Ask each other about your jobs. Erao 2 Plans Starthere 1 What jobs does a safety officer on an offshore oil platform have to do? Discuss with your partner. Listening 2 BEIGE Benis a Safety officer on an oil rig, Listen to his phone call. What is the purpose of the call? 0 a) te discuss safety rules ©) toarrange a meeting " b) to talk about the strong wind em 3. Listen to the phone call agaio and complete these notes. Ageide 4 Listen to Tore (T) and Ben (B) again and fi!l in the gaps. Ts Hello, Deck Crew. Tore speaking. ~ B: Oh, hi Tore. This is Ben, How's it going? T: Noi bad. But this strong tind és a problem for the cranes. Anyway, what can Ido tor you? B: 1(1). ~___ hold a meeting for the deck crew sometime soon. 1: OK. What's the meeting (2) —_—___ be about? B: 13) ___tell them about the new safely rules for crane operator T; OK, that’s fine. When (4) _______ the meeting? B: How about three o’clock next Thursday? 1: Yeah, that’s great. Three o'clock next Thursday. See you then. Bye. B: Cheers. Bye, Language The present continuous, or going to + verb, is used to talk about plans or intentions. 'm holding / /'m going lo hold a meeting next Thursday. tos used after verbs such as plan, want, intend, hope. I want f intend { hope to finish this report next week. Speaking 5 You are Ben and this is your diary for this week. Explain your plans. MON (10980 mect solely mansgr Alcs ale ort (2) #00 te elcrtector- mectconpary manager TUE 61200 writenwsafery nies for ranas f WED (2.0800 mmperttreit EFSED nate f {21800 fst Nord Patton decison satey nes wth manager TH oy an FRI (@)0920 write report sbous veld 10 Nord Pat fexm t (G)1E00 inspect subrsea safety equement Example: On Monday at 9.30, Im meeting the safety manager. We're going to discuss the safety report. 6 Ask Ben questions about his diary. Example: When are you meeting the safety manager? What are you going to dliseuss?Task 7 What things do you have to do today (or at the weekend)? Make a lst, and then work out a timetable for doing them. Present your plan to the class. Writing 8 Rewrite this email replacing the phrases in italics ‘Thanking for | Ee met communication T*#PKs fx: Many shanks for © | Referring te With refarence to: With rogarc to: Crane Offver topic Concerning Salety Ofcor Reminding of 2 you are anare.;As you may Change te sately masting background know. As you may be aviao, Safety Managor Contirming This is to contiem that: fie to — something confi that; conten that Thank you for your email this morning, Introducing bac fam sory to tail you that, As you know. nave arranged a safety mesting forthe ews renaiely Deck Crow enone Introducing am pleased io inform you mat; Tannoy tet caetateseeeng |edit acauee hav sok eave fr one Wook: However. ean Giving nowt moa ke fr yu a Tis i confirm that ry assistant Bob wll nthe meeting in my Requesting” Please; Gout po foaee:t wouk place action Anpreciate tf you could 1 nots bs grate it you coud el Tore about this change. Showing you” Please do noi hestate o conti ma Pease fl mo know i you need any further ntormatien, are available it Dolet me knowit {im attaching a copy othe sganca FY - Attaching Roos document /atech » | crosing ‘ea ropa: Hogans Best iss 9 Write this email, Fitz ox your nation You are Pete Norman, the Manager of Safety World. The company makes and sells safety equipment for oil rigs. You receive an email from Ben Brenner, Safety Olficer on Nord Oil Platform. Ben asks if you have any new safety equipment for emergency escapes from oil platforms. Reply to Ben, * thank Ben for his email yesterday + reler to his request * confirm you have new emergency escape equipment for sale ‘+ remind Ben: Safety World is Europe's largest manufacturer of oil safety equipment * give new information: Safety World won the International Safety Award last year request action: send information about safety needs on Nord show you are available to answer any of Ben's questions attach photos of equipment in action 10 Exchange emails with a partner. Take the part of Ben, and reply to your partner's email. + thank for email ‘+ remind Pete: there was a serious fire on aa oil platform last year; there were many casualties because of poor escape equipment ‘+ give information about needs: you want new fire and emergency escape ‘equipment such as heat shields, heat-resistant ropes, ladders, enough for crew of 230 * ask Pete to send catalogue for these items Ps ee hn3 New job Starthere 1 Have you ever written a CV? What information goes into it? Reading 2 Read this section of a CV antl answer the questions below. PERSONAL INFORUATION Surrame(s) First namets) esne0 EnPLONMENT Serco Maitnance Tesi 1 Won EXPERIENCE " Dies "| sepembe 208 prosnt iy 2 Secxpaiton 6 penion aa! Aas romance echcian 3 7 Mai sckties ea Maltin diel aut equbant, ra coring, “ | eporsbiie So Woublachootng ard ena, bay new ul name ara aces lenge | Ornege Stes, Rc, Cava - “Type of business or sector | acrenics, entertainment, media 6) WORK EXPERIENCE - 7 ates 900 2005 - ocapaton or poston” Teanan : ‘Main activites and ragponeibiiies | Pieper video and DVD equipment Name and address of employer Comet Elestroniss, Aga, Latvia ~— 10 vy __, Sloskories — 1" i - | 2005 —2008 mo 2 ste Ciera nado Toaiegy aA Perc csber2ptere pga gcc, ido aguante auto terrigy eaing acumics 8 1 errr tecse an taining _| Thames Vallay Univesity, Loran, Lk 8 - — a —— 1 What is Anna's surname? 5 Where did she work in 2004? 2 What job does she want to have? 6 What were her responsibilities then? oe Garros Vise 3 Where does Anna work now? 7 What qualification does Anna have? 4. What isher job description? 8 Where did she study? Scanning 3 Practise your speed reading, Look for the Information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119). Try to be the first to complete the task. “Task: Find an advert for a job relevant to Anna’s career plans, qualifications and work experience. Ustening 4 Anna is talking about her CY Fill in the gaps. From 2003 until 2005, 1 (1) _______at Comet Electronics as a technician. | (2)___ Comet in 2005 and (3) ___ a fulltime student at Thames Valley Universily in September 2005. From 2005 to 2006, 1(4)___. audio electronics at Thames Valley. in 2006, I (5) my Diploma in Audio Technology. Then in September 2006, | (6) work as an audio maintenance technician at Omega Studios. 5 META Listen to Anna, and check your answers. aVocabulary 6 7 8 9 Reading 10 Speaking 11 Task 12 Put these headings in the coloured boxes, adjective college subject equipmient porson scientific concept engineer engine fen gin eer ing electrician clecticity — siectrical electronics election electronic ‘mech an ie {och ni cian tech no Io gist mech an is mr mach an ios rrech an ic tech ni cat tech no logy Underline the stressed syllables in the words in the white boxes, Listen and check your answers to 7. Fill in the gaps. 1 The is responsible for every (engineering/engineerjengine) in the factory. 2 Tma . but I want to become a engineer, {mechanical/mechanic/mechanics) 3. Thelab maintains al the equipment. (technicianjtechnical/technology) 4 The repairs all the (electrical/electrician/etectricity) equipment on the rig. Write the numbers from the CV neat to the questions to Anna, 8) What type of business do you work in? b) Where are you working at the moment? ©) What's your job title? 1) When die you join Omega Studios? ©) What qualifications do you have in audio technology? —__ f) Where did you study for your diploma? @) Where did you work before Omega Studios? Work in pairs, A and B. Take tums to interview each other Student A. You are Anna, Answer questions about your CV, Student B. You are the interviewer. Ask Anna questions about her CV. Write a short version of your CV, Prepare for a job interview. Write notes in answer to these questions about a job you would like to apply for. © Why do you want this job? © What skills will you bring to this job? + Why do you want to leave your present job? ‘+ What questions would you like to ask the interviewers? Work in small groups, Pass your CV around your group. Roleplay a job interview. Take turns to be interviewed by the rest of the group. mE:Review Unit A 4 Match the pictures with the instructions in the box. Pullitout. Push themdown, Pullitforward. Putitin, Pullitback. Pouritin. ‘Take itofl, Pick them up, Switch ion, Take them out. Take them away. Putiton, Pouritout. Switch off, Put them down. Push itin 2 Complete these dialogues. 1A: Have you switchedatt the engine yet? (switch off) B: No, not yet. 'm gwitchingitoff now. 2 A Hasshe the jack yet? (bring out) B: No, she hasn't. Look, she's now. 3A: Has he the wheel nuts yet? (take off) B: No, not yet. I think he's at the moment. 4 A: Have you the new wheels yet? (put on) B: Hold on. I'm right now. 5 A: Have the mechanics _____—_ ihe jacks yet? (take away) B: Not yet, but I think they're now, 6 A: Has Bill ‘the spark plugs yet? (put back) B: I don't think so. [think he's now.3. Complete this progress report by the car mechanic (M) to his supervisor (8). S: Have you checked the tures vet? M: Yes, we (1) cliectad (check) al the tyres first thing this morning, and we (2) _.. (lind) that the rear OS tyre was worn, So we @B)—__ = (replace) it What about the tyre pressures? Have you adjusted them yet? Yes, we (4) --______(adlust) them when we (3) —____(put) the tyres on, Then, at abont ten this morning, we (6) ______ (examine) the fuel system, We (7) _____ (take) it apart and (8) (unblock) the fuel pipe. &: Good. Have vou repaired the damaged paintwork on the door? M: Yes, we (Q) ______ (trip) off the damaged paint just before lunch, and then straight after lunch, we (10) ___ ¢elean) the door, (1) ——__ Crepain) it and (12) —__" (repaint) it S: Good. Now what about the air conditioner? Have you checked i? ML: Yes, we checked it at about three this afternoon, Then we (13) (pump) some new fluid into the air conditioning system. Si What about he oil leat under the car? Have you had time to look at that yet? M: Yes, we (14) -.. (40) that about an hour ago. ze 4 Complete these statements with the words in the box bring carry cover keep look open press protect put also shield woar 1 The driver shields his eyes from dust by looking through the visor on his helmet. 2 The fuel guy ____ the 40 kg juel hose to te ear by —_—. it on bis shoulders, 3. The wheel jack guys ____ the whole car by jacks under the front and rear. 4 The wheel guys ____._ the new tyres warm by them with electric blankets. 5 Themechanics___ themselves from fire by fire sults. 6 The driver __the fuel flap on his car by ._a button in the cockpit oe 5 Describe the organisation in this department. Use the words in the box. manage report to supervise work for6 Complete this job description with the words in the box. check have inspect make maintain order repair report supervise work JOB DESCRIPTION OF THE CHIEF MECHANIC ON THE NORD OTL PLATEORM “The Chief Mechanic is responsible for maintaining all the mechanical equipment on the oi rg. Me oF she: 1) repaiys dhe diesel generators, and (2) every machine oa the rig. HeShe B all the equipment daily, ans (4) sure that all mschines are in good working order. He/She (3) ‘broken equipment and (6) replacement parts atl now toala, Most of the time he/she (7) outside or on deck. The Chief Mechanic ® to the rig Maintenance Menager. and (9) a small crew of two assistant mechanics and «vo motormen. He/She normally (10) two seeks exvtwo weeks off schedule, Cea 7 Work in pairs. A and B, Have a phone conversation to arrange a meeting with each other Use different structures and verbs: "a attending (7m going to.../I'm planning to Avs plans for next week B's plans for next week WONpr-arangeustofeustorero toate | WONam attend prejoct mesting TUE ati~go teconputertrairingeource Teper trating course forstat? | WED prt~ show cuetomersareurd site WED ann inspect damaged marahouse TH am =mactcew stat Team — oi ade fle A: Are you free on Monday morning? B: No, I'm sorry Im not, I'm attending a project meeting. How about Monday afternoon? 8 Practise your speed reading, Look for the information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119). Try to be the first to complete the task. ‘Task: Find this advice abaut job interviews: +» one thing you should do belore your Interview © one thing you should do at your interview * one thing you should not do at your Interview 9 Complete this part of a job interview. @ Where) ? (you / work) (OT work at Central Telecoms. 'm a tecbnician there. © How tong 2) there? (you / be) °@ there for two years. (1/ be) @ And where (4) before that? (you / work) © Belore that (6) a Juntor technician at MobileForce. (1/ be) © Why 6) ___. MobileForce? (you | leave) © Because (7) to work in a bigger company. (1/ want) e 3) ‘your parttime dipioma? (you / finish} © Yes, have. © ithen it? (you / complete) © Last July.10 W 12 6 Project 13 14 Identify the devices from thelr descriptions. 1 This device sells rail or bus tickets to travellers. ‘The traveller activates it by touching the sereen. 2. This device sounds an alarm when an intruder enters a building. The burglar activates it by interrupting a laser beam. 3. This machines located on the rear of a motorboat. The sailor starts it by pulling @ handle, The handle ts attached to a cord (or cable). 4 This device makes a motorbike go faster. You activate it by twisting the handle on the handlebars, Correct the mistakes In these sentences. 1 My brother is a mechanism. He studied mechanical at technique college. 2 We need to find a good electricity to repair the electrician wires in the house, 3 Vmacomputer technical. How can Ihelp you? 4 I'm studying for a diploma in electronic. want to be an electron engineer. Rewrite this email, Replace words/phrases in italics with ones from this list. Make any necessary changes to punctuation, best wishes; this is to let you know; I'd be grateful if you would: with reference to OO * 7 2 eae i gh ow ‘Conceming our phone call this morning, dhis is to inform you thal | have now vritfen the report Could you please let me know how many copies you need. Regards Marcia ‘Start work on a full version of your own CV. + Refer to the Enropass template on the Web. (Key Europass CV into a search, engine), ‘+ Write a first draft. Remember to update it when your information changes. Note: if you have not yet worked in a fulltime job, write about parttime or holiday Jobs in the Work Experience section of the CY. Research a job you are interested in. Collect interesting job adverts. Makea list of the skills you will need. Find out more about the job. Find out about some companies that you are interested in. Write a description of the job you want. Put all the information you have collected into a special folder. z 19Comparison ) © <3, Listening 2. ‘A customer wants to drive her car onto a car ferry, Listen to her phone conversation with the sales staff of the ferry company. Complete the : specifications of the customer's vehicle on the left WEA i 3. Listen again and complete the convers | “eat Oe as! © Ws just under (2 - metres wide. a @ OK, that’s fine. The vehicle must not be (3) 2 metres. ast se © Great. . ew 2 A © It's exactly (6) _____ metres long. ai $—__ @ Please measure it again carefully. {t must not be (6) ______7 metres. fara 7| © OK, Ill do that and get back to you. e@ 2 © Ws just over (8) metres high, including the bicycles. @ Mm, that’s too high. The vehicle must not be (9) 2.9 metres. © OK, I'll take the bikes off Reading 4 Read the SuperFerries web.page. Which vehicles on the left can board the ferry? What are the vehicle types (large car, standard car, ete.)? om peseages Te Dame sereeree re ig-@ cars-only | vorace mustnot sx hoarer an 9S tomes. Tey us retba war fan 2Om kncer | um ny es rvic Stakoana cat: aac do mot take | jgperian teem kun sy 2 amor af oneness ore an om “mast wel be longer than 6.0 der than 2.0 oF —, aa be coaches or | setns ibicones aage car a serra and lorries. LARGE CAP: A Yarge car must not be Fonger tan 7.0 m, wider then 2.0 m or higher than ne STS She ly om anew ora THIGH GAR: A high aa mast on be ragher than 2. 7, ager an 8.0 m or Wier han 2. itmosteony &moumn ch he pscangors. Tie wetide pe slows passenger 0 put isha Stora thor sara wan = Pe ne ese ‘CAR ANOTRAILER: Acar sri tadar mst noe eget 7.01, Highat han 29 m oF ioe thar 2 or hey 0 mare rr baaseer ve Ha eG of ee.Language The comparative forma of single-syllable adjectives ends in-er, eg. longer, wider. ‘Two-syllable adjectives ending in 7 also end in-er, e.g, noisy > noisier Notice the spelting changes: big > bigger, wide > wider, easy > easier than is used after the comparative adjective, e.g. The van és higher than the car Irregular comparativés: better, worse, farther|further, more and iess, more + adjective is used with adjectives of more than one syllable, e.g. more expensive. fess is used with all types of adlective, €.g, less cheap, less expensive, If something is the wrong dimension for something, or above a limit, you can say: The Jorry is too wide for the bridge. The bridge ts not wide enough for the lorry. 5 Explain the problem. The bridge is 2.7 metres high, but the lorry is 2.9 metres high. The lorry is too high for the bridge. 1 height of bridge: 2.7 m; height of lorry: 2.9 m width of ship: 12.2 m: width of canal: 11.5 m length of plane: 19.3 m; length of hangar: 18.8 m diameter of CD: 12.2 em; width of 0x: 11.3 em thickness of coin: 3 mm: width of slot: 2.88 mm. length of serew: 5.5 cm; length of hole: 4.35 em Work in pairs, Read the text, then discuss the invention, Do you think people will buy it? Give your reasons. Make notes of your discussion. compare it with (a) anormal car and (b) a small alverat + list (a) its strengths and (b) its weaknesses road-ready p lane You can park it in your garage, drive it to your nearest airfield, fly it to your destination, land it, then drive off the runway, along a road to your workplace. In the ai, it has a wingspan of 8.4 m, a length of 5.7 m and a helght of 2m. It can fy ata speed of 185 kph for 7) km on a single tank of fuel. The tank holds 76 litres of super-unleaded petrol. In ear mode, it can go 17 km per litre of fuel, and can travel at norinal car cruising speeds, but it has only two seats and no space for luggage. The cost of the road-ready plane is approximately: 875,000. | \ ' I Writing 7 Work individually. = Reply to this Sate Ee email from your Bob company director, Yihetdo you think about the raad-ready plane? Could you put 2 Use the notes from | ‘ideas inan erail ioe’ Pertaos you can use these headings: i What ean do. 6 Main weaknesses your discussion. het Roa Go 7 Rezormendation (ets, 3 Comparison wih smal plane, should we buy one for our 4 Comparison wih ca. ‘company oxocutves?) 5 Main strengths. ‘Thanks. Tor, ¥ fllStart here Listening Speaking 2 Products : 1. Which features are most important to you in a mobile phone? List them in order of importance, Compare your list with your partner's, Here are some examples: size of phone, screen size, size of keys, talking time, recharging time, storage capacity, weight, video, mustc, oranised address book. ‘Think of other features. 2 HEZEEE Listen and complete the details in the customer cai! record, ba DELTA ELECTRONICS a | complained about fault in eProne ‘cancelled rds ler cassie 2Fhone requested service assistance requested ePrcne catalogue requests information about @Pnones 3 Listen again and complete the sentences. 1 Sorry, you repeat that, please? (Phone calll 1) 2 Thave your name. please? (Phone call 2} 31 like to cancel an order, please. (Phone call 3) 4 ‘you think you tell me the model number, please? (Phone call 3) : 5 1_______ like some information about the ePhone, please, (Phone call 4) i 6 you like me send you a specification table? Phone call 4) ; 7 put you through to the service department? (Phone call 5) | 8 you mind me what the problem is? (Phone eall 6) 4 Match the sentences from 3 with these language functions. a) saying what you want b) offering to do something ¢) asking someone to do something d) checking information | 5 Work in pairs. Roleplay phone conversations between customer and service staff. Practise the six dialogues. Use the customer call record in 2. Study the Audio script on page 121 before you begin.Language ‘Speaking 6 Look at the chart and complete this phone conversation. Comparison between two ePhones. Classic Fonarema Dimensions. HSx61x17.8mm 96x52x9.7. am Weight 1959 40 Seven size 28.9 men (diagonal) 72 mea (élegonal) capacity 868, 12.68 868, 1268, 1668 Battery s6hours 24 hours Charging time 85 hours Shous A: What's the difference between the Classic and the Fonarama ePhones? B: Well, the Fonarama is much (1) than the Classte. It's only 9.7 mm thick. A: Tee. And wihat about the weight? B: The Fonarama is much (2) ____ than the Classic. It weighs only 94 g. A: OK, and what about the screen size? B: The screen of the Fonarama is much (2). It’s only 72 mm across. A: I prefer a (4) screen size. I want to watch movies on it [il order the Classic. B: Certainty. Which one would you like? The 8 GB one or the 12 GB one? A: The 12 GB one, please. 7 Practise the conversation. Add more information from the chart. 8 Which word does one refer to in this dialogue? A: I'd like (o buy an MP3 player, please. B: Which one would you like? Do you want the white one or the black one? Ay The black one, please. one is used when someone has already mentioned a thing, there is a choice between two or more types of the thing, and you don’t want to repeat the name ofthe thing. A: Please pass me a spanner. B: Which one do you want? The long one or the short one? Speaker B wants to mention two types of spanner, bat does not want to repeat the word spanner. pose 9 The word one is missing {rom four places in this dialogue, Mark the places. A: Hello, I'd like to buy a portable radio, please B: Certaialy. We have two colours, red or black. And there are two models. ‘There’s with rechargeable batteries, and there's with normal batteries. Which would you like? Ar T'd like the red with the rechargeable batteries, please. 10 Listen and check your answers. 11 Practise the corrected dialogue with your partner, Use these notes. Portable radio model: with rechargeable or normal batteries / colour: red or black3 Equipment Starthere 1 Workin small groups. Discuss these questions about each world record. «= [sit still a worid record? If not, what is the new record? + Ifitis stil a record, how long will It last? Why? 1 The fastest men in the world are Powell and Gatlin. They ran 100m in 9.77 seconds, 2. The world’s tallest building is the Taipei 101 (Taiwan), at 509.2 m. 3 ‘The world's smallest transistor is only 18 nanometres long, 4 The longest stay in space was 437 days by Valerl Polyakoy. Reading 2. Jeff and Bob work in a company that provides motorboats for hire to tourists. Read thelr email correspondence and answer the questions. “Oe rane a Fore Haug sos Fest ‘Sit arcs pose roy uu ns . sft 2 sano wet ging to ela al our outboard engines. Cid you Pease ete engines om Gient pater? Ceti kno the ehospst al eben pooner : ‘hanes Bob : san 8 eee 7 i ~~ - “for Manepe, Motorboat rest ~ 6 From:one! Enger Sujet Re, Teter for gurerase ol pew oufoars ergs Hip ‘Shsake for your cows. 1 can confi hat weve finished the esis on te fie engines frm allaching specs and fost oauis I 9nd you 2 fl Teporin @ couple o 62. Cheers. Jet 1 What is the purpose of (a) the first email (b) the second email? 2 inthe first email. what does Bob (a) remind Jeff about (b) want Jeff to do? 3. Inthe second email, (a) what new information does Jeff tell Bob (b) what does Jelt promise to do? Seanning 3. Practise your speed reading, Look for the information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119). Tey to be the first to complete the task. Task: Underline the correct answers below. Specifications 1 Engine A has a (shorterftonger) shaft than Engine B. 2. The heaviest engine ts Engine (4/B/C/D/E). 3. Engine D is the (cheapest/most expensive) engine. 4. Engine € is (as powerful as/more powerful thanjless powerful than) Engine E. Test results 1 The (fastest/slowest) engine was Engine C 2 The (most rapidjleast rapid) acceleration {rom 9-40 km/h was Engine C. 3. The (quietestinoisiest) engine was Engine B. 4 The engine with the lowest fuel consumption was Engine (A/B/C/DIE). xLanguage Speaking Task bs wroabece 44 four haa dove (5 four ay four Writing To change the comparative into the superlative form, change -er to st, more to most and less to least, e-%. longest, widest, biggest, noisiest, most expensive, least noisy. the is used In front of the superlative, e.g. zhe fastest car in the world. There are five irregular superlatives: hest, worst, farthestffurthest, most and least 4 Make comparisons. Think of as many differences as possible, Think of some more groups and make comparisons. 1 Zinecline Zidane / Wayne Rooney / Cristiano Renaldo 2 Mount Everest / North Face of the Eiger / Aconcagua 3. coablired power / nuclear power / wind power diesel / petrol / LPG Work in pairs. Write down three items or products you know about. Compare them and make notes. 6 Work in small groups. Have a mecting to discuss this problem and agree on the best solution, You and the other members of your group work on ao oll rig in a desert, The rig is about 130 km from the searest town, The town has a small airport There is no road between the town and the rig, and an aircraft cannot land at the rig. Between the town and the rig the land is sandy and rocky, with some hills, Your team: neces to transport small teams of three to eight engineers, and to tow a trailer with heavy driliing equipment between the airport and the rig, Your (eam wants to buy a 4x4 with the following features: + long wheelbase # lange fuel tank + high clearance + towing power (able to pull other + powerful engine vehicles) + space for upto 8 passengers ¢ high cab (to allow driver to see easily) + low fuel consumption + low price Student A: your information is on page 111, Student B: your information is on page 113. Student €: your information is on page 115. Student D: your information is on page 117. 7 Work individually. Write a short report on your meeting, Give your group’s decision and the reasons for the decision, Use these headings, cree cer cecece re eoceecrecrert 1 Introduction | Oueteamt held a meeting yesterday tochocse. | 2 Comparison of four vehicles | Weconpared te spectc ations ofthe four whee {The Fayots Lard Gusor hao thelongcot wtb tie BESO nan in ergs 2 3 Decision ' We decided to bay the a Beate I ne ae|. Processes 1 Infrastructure Starthere 1 What is this? What does it do? How 1964717316 Tunnel Drill Specifications docs it work? Discuss with your partner, | engin - - Listening 2 QEPEEM Listen and complete the Diametar specifications chart. Speed Manpower needed Reading 3 Read this article and put these ‘cost headings in the correct place. Collecting the rocks Controlling the movement Moving the cutter Cutting the rock surface Strengthening the roof Supplying the electricity 1 4 : ‘The lace ofthe cutterhas 85 eeth. Each toothis em iong. Filkeer electric motors supply the machine with 6375 The eater face rotates about seven times a minute. When "horsepower. The power is conected to the cutters by it rotates, the teoth cut large circles into the surface of the means of a 13,5tKbvolt cable. | rock. st There re tro is atached to steel arin Those are ! Pieces of rock {all to the ground. They are collected by located immediately behind the caters. Whea the machine | large scoops. They are then dropped into chutes. When the moves forwards, holes are drilled into the roof of the cutter face rotates upwards, the rock fallunto conveyor tungel Then the holes ae illed with bolts and cement. This belts They are then caried tothe rear ofthe machine strengthens the roo i 3 6 bg Hydraulic cylinders push the body ofthe cutter sfowly The machine operator sitsina cabin atthe heart ofthe f forwards. As it moves forwards, steel shoes move outwards machine. Hore he/she contrcs ts speed and direction. and grip the tunnel walls. Atthe same time. two lege puch Video cameras monitor the cutter andthe tunnel 4 dlown and lift the machine off the floor. : . Hern EE A et Vocabulary 4 Make a list of all the names of parts of the body and clothing in the text in 3. 5. List other technical contexts where the items in 4 are used. Example: ‘teeth’ are also found on gears.Language In an active sentence, the subject = the agent. The subject does the action. Subject =agent Active verb Object Hydraulic eylinders push the cutter, Large scoops ccottect Ine rocks. In a passive sentence, the subject is NOT the same as the agent. The subject ‘does not do the action, The agent does the action to the subject. Passive verb Subject Agent be Past participle Thoculter is pushed by hydraulic cylinder, ‘The rocks are _cobected by large scoops. 6 Change this set of instructions into a description of a process, using the passive and the words in the box finally first next now than Fun the engine lor few minutes. 5 Pul the oil drain plug on ‘Suiteh off the engine 6 Take off he ol filar cap, How to 1 change the = oilinacar = Begin: First the engine is run for a few minutes. Then itis switched off Now the 7 Make a set of instructions about a process you know about. Thea rewrite it as a process description in the passive. Examples of processes’ food manufacture, steet making, canning, assembling computer components, manufacturing a CD, dairy processing 8 Fillin the gaps, u 1g the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1 Large drills __{make) holes in the roof of the turmel, Then the holes —___ (fill with bolts and cement, 2 Alarge propeller________ (push) the hovereraft forwards. The propeller______(drive) by a powerlut engine, 3. Hot water ____ (flow) from the engine into the radiator. Here tt (cool) by the fan. 4 The robot ___ (monitor) by a computer. This computer also (control) all the other robots in the building. 5. First, the rusty machine parts ____ (bring) into the factory. ‘Then they ___ (clean). Then the rust ___ (remove). Next the parts __ (paint). Finally, they —___ (take) out of the factory again. 9 Make a list of headings for the main stages of a process you know about, Make each heading begin with a verb ending in ng, like the ones in 3. Example: Moulding ard shaping steel ~ 1 Melting the steel: 2 Casting: 3 Cooling; 4 Rolling the steel: 5 Straéghtening: 6 Cutting. 10. Give a short talk to the class explaining your process. Use your headings. at Ma2 Manufacturing Starthere 1 What do you know about cars? Discuss with a partner the location and function of these parts: body, chassis, drive shaft, axle, transmission. 2 The photos show the main stages in assembling a ear, but they are in the wrong order, Write the figure numbers in the correct boxes in the flow chart. 3 Make captions for the six photos with the verbs and nouns in the box. Use verbs ending in ing. add attach install paint test weld body chassis finished car parts Example: Fig 6, Welding the body panels to the body frame.a. Reading Fest, the parts are daliverea by ruck a rallte the doivary «area al ha car assembly plan, From here, some paris are tskon to the body shop, and other parts ara rarisportod ta the chassis ine, The paris are carried azound bra plant by {orkitt rucks or conveyor belts Inthe body shoo, the panels are welded to the trame to form the bady ofthe car This iselone by more than 400 rabete “Then the body is taken (othe pant shop. Here Kis leaned and painted by stots. Spocial clothing is worn by the robots to protec the paint. After tis, tha ody Is chockod by human workers to look for Tavis ‘Next, the painted toey moves along a conveyor bel tothe fri tine anc many pae's are eked 10 tt For example, te imstuTent panel, the air condiioniag system, the Featlng system and the elecrical wiring ave alt instlied hero. The windscreen fs inserted by robols using ker guides. Assembling a car \ 4 Read this website of a car company and check your answers to 2 and 3. ‘leanwhil, inthe chassis the, components are added to tne chases. Fs, the chassis [s turned upside down, to make the work easier, Thon the fuat system, the transmission, the sueponsion, the exhaust syetom, me axles and the drive shaf ara al nstaleu. Nex! ne chassis is turned aver (righteido up). The angine is loworsd into the chessis and connevied ti. Now the chassis and the body ciove simuaneously tothe ‘rad assembly ie. Here re body is attached to be chessis, and al he final parte are added, The tyres ana tha rastor ara added hora. The hoses are connected, and the radiator and ai conditcner are filed wth Mud. The car's central computer fs aso installa here, Lastly, the fniehed ear and al lecical systoms are {esied. The cars filed with fuel and the engine is started fer tho fist ie. Tha car is pul on spacal lis to tot sho fongine ari the wheels. fit passes the test, the ear is finally driven out of the assembly plant : The car body is painted to protect it from rust. . Language {0 + verb is used to talk or write about the purpose of an action. Why do you paint the car body? To protect it from rust Speaking 5 Match actions with their purposes. Refer to the text in 4. action purpose of action 1 workers weld thin metal sheets a). to check the movement of the toa frame wheels 2. they turn the chassis upside down b) to make the car body 3. the robots wear special clothes) to inspect it for faults in the paint 4 they turn the chassis rightside up 4d) to protect the wet paint from dust 3. workers put the finished car one) to install the fuel system easily rollers 6 workers check the ear body by). to lower the engine into it hand 6 In pairs, ask and answer the questions in 5. Use the passive form in the ‘question. A: Why are thin metal sheets welded to a frame? By To make the car body. 7 Ask questions to get these answers. Refer to the text in 4. aeeone They're delivered by truck or rail ‘They're welded together in the body shop. They re carried by forklift trucks or conveyor belts. To look for faults in the paint. It's done by human workers. It's done using laser guides.3 Communications Starthere 1 What do you know about communications satellites? Do this quiz with your partner Ali the cumbees are approximate. 1 How high are Communications satellites above the Earth? a) 15,000 km b} 25,000 km —¢) 35,000 km d)_ 45,000 km 2 How jast do these satellites travel around the Earth? a) 7000 kwn/h —b) 11,000 kmyh—€) 15,000 km/h — dy 21,000 ky 3 What frequency are signals from a communications satellite to your satellite dish? a) 12GH2 b) 1GHz ¢) 500,000MHz —¢) 5000 MHz 4. What frequency are the signals from your satellite dish to your TV? a) 150MHz b) LSDOMHz —<) 15,000MHz —d)_ 150,000 MHz Scanning 2 Practise your speed reaciing. Look for the information you need on the SPEED. SEARCH pages (118-119), Try to be the first to complete this task, ‘Task: Check your answers to the quiz in 1. Reading 3. Read! this instruction leaflet and label the diagram sith the words in the box. computer dish DTVeatd teedhom satelite TV TV station How to receive satellite digital video broadcasts Equipment needed . You will need a computor with a DTY {digital TV) cara . «5 This fs connected by cable to a satelite cish, which should be betwoon 60 cm and 1.8 m in diameter. . “Tha dish must have & feed horn. This converts high- frequency signals to low-frequency ones, te How it works: 6 “There is a communications satelite in orbit high above the Earth, TV programmes are transmitted from TV stations up to the satellite, which then sends the signals down to Earth, Thess signals have a high frequency of 1s sovoral GHz. ‘Your dish recelves the high-frequency signals and. rollects them to the feed horn, which then converts the signal into a iower frequency. ‘The feed horn is connected via cable to the DTV card, 0 Which processes the signal. It exacts the video and ‘audio, and piays them via the PC monitor and speakers. aoe 4 What does which refer to in the text? 1 lineS a) the cable b) the satellite dish 2 line13 a) thesateltite _b) the TV stations 3 line17 a) the frequency —_b) the feed hern 4 line20 a) theDTVcard —_b) the feed hornLanguage Vocabulary ‘Speaking ‘the satellt. The satelite Signa aro transmitoe to then ser the signals to Earth the satelite, which Aol. Ado soe repote to isthe training manager Per Adil, avho "8 ‘ 5 6 Join these pairs of sentences. Use who or which. 1 My computer has a DTV card. This is connected by cable to my satellite dish. Ikyour DTV card doesn't work, contact our technician, He will repair it. 3. The dish reflects the signal to the feed horn. This converts the signal to a lower frequency, 4. Please send any complaints to our customer service manager. She vill then contact you. ‘The radio station sends signals to the satellite. ‘This then transmits the signals to my dish. 6 My DTV card extracts the audio and video. These are then displayed on my PC monitor, Example: 1 My computer has a DTV card, which ix connected by cable to my satellite dish Match words with the same or similar meaning lransmit receive convert gel send take out extract display operate change work show Complete the sentences, Notice the hyphens (3. ‘The signal has a high frequency. It’s a hish-trequetey signal. This pump uses high pressure. It’s a pump ‘The fuse breaks at 13 amps. It's a J5-2np fuse. (Note: amps > amp) The cable carries 13.800 volts. I's a____cable. My satellite dish is 1.8 metres wide. It's « —_—-— Mish, 3 4 5 Draw a simple diagram and make notes about a setup you know about. If you refer, use this satellite dish setup and make notes about the diagram.Review Unit B ‘et a ana | [Engine saa _| Topspeee 337 mor foto 62 mph 6.6 se | Acceleration 0% 62 mph 82 seo. 36.7 me Fuel consumption [97.7 mpg 189 gen [CO orrssion 181 gen 2 3 Compare all three cars. Say which one you like best, and why. Complete the text, Which is the better fuel for a car? Is it petrol or diesel? Petrol is (1) mare canunion (common) because it makes a car go (2) faster (fast) than diesel. It's also much (3) f222 noity (noisy} than diesel. Diesel usually costs less than petrol, and you can travel for more kilometres per litre, because cliesel has, about 10% more energy per litre than petrol. But diesel engines are @)____ (noisy) and &) (heavy) than petro! ‘ones, although they last longer, From an environmental point of view, diesel oil is (6) _____ (good) than petrol, because the exhaust from diesel engines produces less pollution. It’s also (7)_____ (sale), Because diesel is (8)______ (combustible) than petrol, it's less likely to catch fire in an accident, Anewer fuel, LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas), makes cars go as fast as petrol, but produces less energy per litre. However, LPG is becoming very popular in some countries because it’s the (9) _.........__— (harmful) to the environment compared with diesel or petrol. Of the three types of fuel (LPG, petrol and diesel), cars that use LPG emit the (10) ____ (small) amount of pollution from their exhaust. LPG ts also the (11) (Clean) fuel when you're filling the car, because the gas {s completely sealed, ‘There are two more strengths of LPG: it’s the (12) (quiet) fuel, and the (13) (expensive) of the three. LPG engines are about the same weight as petrot ones, but they're much (4) _______ @urable).4 Match the sentences with their language functions. Sentence Language fanction 1 Fmsorry about the delay. a) saying what you want 2 Sorry, could you repeat your —_b) offering to do something surname, please? ©) checking what someone sai 3 Is that BEN o BENIN? d) asking someone to do something 4 Would you snind sending me @) checking how to spell something. the invoice today? 8) apologising lor doing something 5 Vel like to speak to the manager, please 6 Would you like me to send you a brochure? Complete the phone conversation. Add capital letters where necessary. You don’t need all the words in the box, 1 Ml fd do did will shall would could © MobiteExpress, This is Customer Service, Robert speaking. How can I help you? © Hello, (1) ____ like some information about your new mobile phone, please. © Certainty. (2) —____you like me to send you a brochure? © Yes, please. Do you think you (3) send it by email? © Of couse, (4) __Isend itas a Word attachment? © Yes, that's tine, © Good So (5) __f have your email address, please? © ¥es, it's db30Beasisoft.com © Sorry, (6) you say b13? © No, db30. © Thanks, And how (7) you spell easisoh? © EASHSOFT. © Right. (8) ___ send it today. The word one is missing from six places in this dialogue, Mark the places. © Hello, Fi like to buy an external hard drive, please. © Certainly. We have two types. There's with a cable, and there's a wireless. And there are two types of cable. There's with a USB connection, and there's with FireWire connection. Which would you like? © Fa like the with the USB cuble connection, please. Match these descriptions of a 4x 4 vehicle. 1 ithas a long wheelbase a) it can drive a long way on one tank of petrol 2 ithas low fuel consumption _b) it can pull another vehicle or traller easily 3. ithas high clearance ©) the petrol tank is very big 4 ithas strong towing power): the drive shaft is long 5 ithas large fuel capacity ¢) the driver can see clearly all around 6 thas good driver visibility there's a lot of space between the ‘ground and the chassi8 9 10 Change these instructions into a description of a process, using the passive, How to clean a spark plug Take off the spark plug cover. Loosen the spark plug with @ special wrench, Remove the spark plug from the socket, Clean the spark plug using a wire brush Rroplace the spark plug in the socket. Tighten the spark plug using the wrench. 7 Pulthe cover back on the spark plug. Begin: Firs! of ail, the spark plug cover is taken off Then the spask plug is Change the second paragraph into a set of instructions, using imperatives. Youcan make your own radio using afew simple components: tss0 lengths of wire (one 9 un ong, and the other 6 mt long), a metal od, earphones and a detector. This is how to do it. First, the rod is hammered into the ground. Then the insulation is stripped off the end of the Smetre wire. The wire is twisted around the rod ten times to make a good connection. This is the earth wire, Nest, the detector is attached to the other end of the earth wire. The 6-metre wire Js pow taken and one end Is connected to the other end of the detector. (This wire is your antenna} The antenna is hug seq from a tree (making sure that the bare end does not touch the earth), The two wives from the earphones are connected to each end ofthe detector. Finally, the earphones are put on. Now you can hear the radio station (Ifyou are very close to the transmitter, Begin: | Harmer the rod into the ground. 2 Strip the insulation off the end of the metre wire Make a set of freadings for a talk on these topics. Make each heading begin with a verb ending in ing. 1 First, T' like to talk about how the communtcations satellite is launched. 2. After that, Pil talk about how the programmes are transmttted! to the satellite. 3. Then f'll look at how the digital signals are received from the satellite. 4. Next, I'll explain how your satellite dish and digital receiver are installed. 5 Then I'll go on to mention how your dish is connected to the digital TV receiver. 6 The next topic is how high-frequency signals are converted to low- frequency ones, 7 And then I'll move on to how the video and audio are extracted from the digital signal % Finally, 11] mention how the video and audio are played via the monitor and speakers. Example: 1 Launching the communications satellite | | loi ne etetneniene ienarcanenrameeneerr11 Complete these. Use hyphens ©). Note: Be careful with plural nouns. 1 ‘The plane ts ready for the road. Its a road-ready plane, 2 The engine has a cycle of four strokes, (ts a 4:stncke engine, 3. The propeller has three blades. It's a - propeller. 4 The cableis six metres long, It's a______eable. 5 This computer is activated when you tse your voice. Is & — computer: 6 That ticket machine starts when you touch the sereen. It's a — ticket machine. 12. Ask and answer questions about a cat assembly plant. Action Purpose, method, agent, time, loration, destination L deliver car parts a). method: truck or rail tb) destination: delivery area 2. carry parts a) destination: different parts of plant b) method: forklitt trucks or conveyor belts, treater = where eoreting 3. weld panels to frame a) location: body shop Terr pote b) agent. 400 robots omating sao 10 ©) purpose: make the body of car 4 check the car body a) time: after painting b) agent: human workers ©) purpose: loaks for faults in the paint 5 insert windscreen a). destination: front of car borly bb) agent: robots ©) method: laser guides 6 movechassis and a)_destination: inal assembly line body simultaneously b) purpose: attach body to chassis 1 a) How are the car parts delivered? They're delivered by truck or rail 2) Where are they delivered? To the delivery area. 13° Write full sentences using the passive. Example: 1 The car paris are delivered to the delivery area by truck or ratl. 14 Rewrite this set of instructions as a paragraph describing a process. Use the passive form of the verbs. Servicing a car battery i (Open the bonnet of the car. Locate the battery. Loosen the battery cabies, using 2 wrench. Remove the battery cabies from the posts. Always remove the negative (or earth) cable fist, than the posilve. Carofully lay the detached ends of the cables to one side, Wipe away corrosion from the top of the battery, using baking soda and water. {Wcontosion is very heswy, you can clean it from the posts using a wire brush. ‘Apply petroleum jelly to the iid of the terminals an the poste. reattach the cables, Close tho car bonnet Begin: First the bonnet of the car is opened and the battery is located. Then . Project 15 Research an industry you are interested in. Find out about an important process in the industry. Draw a flow chart of the main stages in the process. Write a description of the process, Explain the process to the class. es =Descriptions 1 Uses Starthere 1 Think of some tools or devices you use. Discuss why they are usetul with & partner, Read these advertisements and match the objects with their descriptions. 1 Use the X-beam wrench for loosening ght and rusty off bolts \wthout hurting your hand, The oncs are at ninety degrees to each coher, ao you always grip a wide, flat surtzce, nol & narrow edge 2 what do you do #f your car battery goes fist ina storm. and you don't have jum loads or roadside assistance? The Biack & Decker Simplo Start allows you lo start your car without getting ‘wet. It pluge into the 12-vot socket in your car, and i's designed 19 restart your ear in ten minutes. 3 ‘his is designed to jump, dive, oll end move over and under water "at 80 mph using a 175-np engine, Innespace Sea Breacher is @ two-seat, 5-metra tong, underwater vehicle, shaped like a dolphin. ‘tacts as a jetski and ns a fast submarina, 4. Have you forgotten whore you put your keys? Use this smart device to find them. Simply attach the electronic tag to your keys. “Then, f you ean't fing them leter, switch on Lotter, and it il ‘point in the right direction — not only leit or right, but up oF down too. Itwil shovr you where your keys are, Al the same time, the tag on your Keys will emit a beeping sound Speaking 3 Discuss the objects in 2 with a partner. What do you think of them? Are they useful for you? Ustening 4 ZEEE Listen to these inventors answering questions about their inventions. Identify the inventions. @) Invention number ) Invention number —— ©) Invention number 5. Listen again and complete the dialogues. So, tell me about your invention. What's it for? Ws (1) _— oe OK. And what about this device. What's it used for? : Its @) Tell me about this invention, What can it be used for? You )Language Present simple What does the carburetor do? tt mixas a and petot ‘hats this fool for? 1's far hammering in nails. What's this machine used {1 i's used for producing drinking water ‘Yu use this machine fo charge batteries. This device Is designed to Nag Jost objects for vero -ing to+ verb act as+noun Tho fan of a hovercraft acis as 2 propatler 6 Work n pairs, Make questions and answers about the uses of the devices in 2 A: What's this device used for? B: Its used for turning nuts and bolts without hurting your hand. 7 What do you think these devices are used for? Discuss them with your pariner, Many nouns end in er or -or. These are often agent nouns. An agent noun shows the person or thing that does an action, e.g. A calculator (n}} is a machine, It calculates (vb.} sums. Note these changes of spelling when you add-er/or + double the final consonant after a short vowel. Example: propel > propeller + delete the final ¢. Example: receive > recetver 8 Find the agent nouns for the verbs in the box, Use a dictionary if necessary. calculate conduct contain generate revelve stabilise transmit 9 Fill in the blanks. Use nouns from the list in 8. ‘The number pad on a computer can be used as a Your body can act as a_ of electricity in a thunderstorm. Acar engine functions as a____ when it recharges the battery. ‘The antenna on a mobile phone operates as a______ and asa of radio signals. Task 10 Work in small groups. Choose one of these objects with your group. atin can, a belt, a brick, a tyre, a water pipe * brainstorm as many unusual uses for them as you can + write down your best ideas + present your group's best ideas to the class Examples: A tin can ~ You can use it to store pencils. You can put flowers in it. You can use itas a cup. Two or three cans together can act as a door bel, etc, a2 Appearance Starthere 1 Do you know where these buildings are? (Answers on page 115) 2. Choose one of the buildings. Don't tell your partner which one, Describe its ‘ appearance. Can your partner identify it from your deseription? Reading 3 Read these newspaper cuttings. Match the descriptions with the buildings. This building Jooks like a huge ship, an ocean lines sailing up the river, One part of the building is shaped like three hulls. The other part loaks lke the 1 a ‘The skyscraper is shaped like & giant sail The sail is Tncing short soar nthe 2 ecks and the bridge, . - . a ee fa a “This buikting is in three parts. In the centre there's “The building looks lke a TV transmitter. It has three tall H-shaped building, On the left ahere’s the ton splcrcal stuetures. The bottom two are connected | hart gh a Jomeltlooks like an upsidedevra plate bya structure which is shaped Ikea ladder. ‘On the right there's the bottom part ofa dom, like tooks like three onions on a skewer! The foot ofthe |g anap bow burlding has legs, like a tripod. Poca et ce pri ta Bre Fi consists of three La 's triangular atthe base, but thin and rectangular; OMSIsts of three L-shaped structures at sriteopitecleeniechecrwiianemy | “kctbertistiersgariny tact | space inthe mnidale of the blade Tm ene tee a - a “Lariguage You can describe the shape or appearance of something in these wayst The building looks like a TV transmitter, oe The building is shaped like a dome. Its a dome-shaped building. ‘The plan is in the shape of an L. Its an L-shaped plan. The screen is ia the shape of a circle. It's a cireatar screen. 4 Describe the buildings in the photos in 2. Cover up the texts in 3.Vocabulary 5 VBABAS 6 10 Task 11 Match the nouns to the shapes. Circle cone cube cylinder hemisphere zectangle semicicle sphere square angle Write an adjective for each noun. Example: cylinder ~ eylindrical Underline the stressed syllable in each word. 1 triangle 3 circular 5 triangular 7 rectangle 2 rectangular 4 cylinder 6 circle 8 cy lind rie al HARES Listen anc check your answers to 7. Underline the correct words 1 Asurfboard sail is roughly miangle/triangufar in shape, with one curved side. A food tin Cor can) is basically a metal cylinder/eptindrical. TVs and computers normally have rectangle /rectangular screens. Don't cut that wood with the hand saw. It’s quicker to use the circle/ circalar saw. The Earth is not a perfect sphiere/spherical. Its flatter at the poles. The spaceship's re-entry capsule is in the shape of a cone/conicat. A protractor is a semicircle /semi-circula Match the names of the objects in the box with their pictures. Atrame E-dip G-ciamp clip Tiunction bend U-bolt vengine Workin pairs, A and B. Play twenty questions. Student A: Think of an everyday object. It could be a vehicle, a tool, a measuring instrument or @ useful device, Don't tell your partner what it is. Answer your partner's questions. Student B: Ask a maximum of 20 questions and try to guess Student A's object You can’t ask directly What is i? But you can ask questions like these: appearance: What does it look like? What colour is it? What shape is it? use: Whats i for? What's it used for? What does it do? materials: What's it made of? dimensions: How tong is it? How wide is i? it flexible? Is it water-resistant? Properties When you have finished, change roles. My bass amplifier is the new cube/cubic model, It’s exactly 30 x 30x 30 em. trument for measuring angles.3 Definitions Starthere 1 Here are some Ideas for devices that appeared on a TY programme for iaventors and entrepreneurs, Which ideas de you think were successful? Discuss with a partnet, (Answers on page 113) OC Baad CeCe a) idea for inventing and manutacturing a new Cred Do you think you can sell Rete ee ce Pie Pe ac) reo Eplan your ta oa tam fic buses 1 Anetecronie device fr boing ease ‘erhowt using water 2 boat slrm system fr feting an WOR (roan overboar 2 Rinuete website or downloading and ‘ining dance muse 44 Rent ben aust fr protecting eben ‘near booster seat, Listening 2 “The four inventors in | are making their opening statements. Listen and complete the sentences with which, who or that 1 My invention is an electronic device (1) can boil eggs without using water. 2. LifeGuard is an alarm system (2) ____can find someone (3) has fallen off a boat. 3. This is a music website (4) allows you to download and mix dance asic. 4 sa seat belt adjuster (6) ____ protects children in car booster seats, Language Detining relative claus Pronoun Fur ‘an ebarm system. which car find aa MOB. that downloads dance music. who create new devices, * which is used with things * whois used with people, + that can replace which or whoVocabulary 3 Fill in the blanks with the mast suitable ‘type’ noun in the box. dovice instument system technician toot vehicle 1 Asolar panel is aan _____ It converts sunlight into electricity. 2. The hovercraft is a/an ______.. It carries people aver land and sea. 3 Alab assistant is afan____. He or she maintains the equipment in a laboratory. 4 Atorque wrench is afar It tightens nuts and bolts 5 GPStsa satellite __ Tt gives the location of objects on the ground. 6 An ammeter is afan ___. It measures electric current. 4 Combine each pair of sentences In 3 into a single sentence in the form of a definition, Use which, who or that. Example: 1 A solar partel is a device which converts sunlight into electricity Reading 5 Read this advertisement and answer the questions below. : This digital-sonar alarm system transmits a signal to your boat crew If you fall overboard into the water. It consists of three devices: the alarm pod, the hydrophone and the display. ‘The alarm pad is an 999-shaped device, wasn by each crew tember, which transmis «dite sonar coded signa whon it is * submeigedin water. “The fudtophone is 2 transducer, attached to the inside of the ‘oat hul at sens fr signals from the alarm pod. “The dspiay' a eontzo uni, atecned othe dashboar of the | boat which shows information fram the hyckophone by means of | Lee and digital cietays {When te MOB (sa rerbcard isthe wore alarm co | gg | fs submerged. The alarm pod has tv0 pins. I these pins ae in = | contact with watae for one socona, athe contac! & canetant : | Boross the two pins, the pod is neva. than sends a signal Unde the water. Tis signs picked up by the hydrophone, | which rolays it tothe splay | Four things then happen immeciatty: Bright LEDS inthe depley show @ visible alarm. ‘Speakers on the boat sound an aie alarm, ‘The MOBS location ie shown on the cisplay va to ntonal GPS system Fd and green LEDs navigate We oat othe HOB Westen, 1 Which device acts as (a) the transmitter (b) the receiver (c) the controller? 2 Which device is fixed (a) inside the hull (b) on the crew’s body (¢) on the dock? 3. What happens if drops of rain fall on the pins on the alarm pod? Does the alarm sound? Why/Why not? Diatey 4 Does the signal travel from the pod to the display unit (a) directly (b) via the hydrophone (c) via GPS (satellite)? 5 Which word In the text means (@) able to be seen (b) able to be heard? Task 6 Work in small groups. Decide on an idea for a new invention. In a single sentence, give the definition of your device. Then, in a few sentences, explain how it works.Procedures Start hore 1 1 Safety Make a list of the hazards (AH) in this warehouse én note form. Reading Language 2 Read this warehouse safety poster. Match the rules to the hazards in L. Warehouse safety Hand trucks must not be overloaded. Aisles have to be kept free of all blockages. Boxes need to be pushed in until they are level with the edge of the shelt Gas cylinders must always be strapped or chained to hand tracks. ‘The forks of a forklift truck must never be used for carrying people. Larger boxes should not be stacked on higher shelves. ‘Trucks must be pulled, not pushed, up a ramp. Only one item should be removed irom a shelf at one time.3° Where can you see these labels? What do they mean? Ef i i 4 What could be inside containers with the labels? bottles of iquid fruit food glass hats electrical goods plants 5 Complete these explanations of the labels. Use the correct form of the modals aiid the passive form of the verbs in brackets 1 This item _____ (ned / handle) caretully i inst not / drop or throw). 20 This item (need / carry) this way up. ie famust not / turn) upside down 3 Thisitem —_______ (should / keep) inside the warehouse, (have / protect) (vom the rain. 4 (should / deliver) as soon as possible. ______{imust not leave) for more than three days, 8 This box have J freeze fo ____fmust not / leave) outside the freezer. Example: 1 This item needs to be handted carefully. It must not be 6 Change the instructions in § into the active form. Example: 1 You need to handle this item carefully, You masta't Task 7 Thuee safety procedures have become mixed up. Work in pairs, A and B. Put all the notes together under the best headings in the best order. Each procedure has eight steps. Student A: turn to page 112 to find your set of notes. Student B: use the notes below. FROTAD AFTER CHEMICAL oFLL FIRE EVACIATON i ELECTRIC SHOCK PROCEDURE PROCEDURE : hesranatarm. ‘esis Cocotretun tothetulng . fees vrloes you ar aithorzedby | Greckthe persore conto. Bo kee the fine departmant. Ps nee a li thereto no pu , Donat: al eb re pe gtethepesoncrn, ; Fthepernisbresthng, | Dt soptoclece tes should placed nthe | ST elo recon post Remainnear workroom oweepestion | “until Chemical Safety: t sine workroom must be Tenures votcapcrnersout | awe Stop work, Move ableaot 50 metres Atiend te.any nur peroons | cay i ifyou can do so safely. f ae2 Emergency Start here 1 Work in small groups. Decide on a plan to rescue the diver. Mike and Ben are scuba divers. They go in their motorboat about 2 km from land and drop anchor. Mike dives down to a shipwreck on the seabed. Ben stays on the boat. Mike has an accident, and injures his leg His leg is trapped in the shipwreck and he can't move. After some time, Ben knows that Mike has a problem. He lives to look for Mike. In your group, * brainstorm and make a fist of all the tasks Ben has to do, in any order «discuss and decide on the best order to do the tasks Listening 2 EERE Listen to this diving instructor brainstorming with trainees how to rescue someone trapped under water. Number the points in the order in which they aré mentioned. Pe mm ae, bring to surtce take to hospital F ¢ iow diver Ceemove from water > = or a do artificial respiration give first aid omer Cees yithoy soos used ro mea forshe ‘hams oft used o moan mare (halt oon used fo mean igor her ‘Speaking Language Writing 3 Now the instructor is getting the trainees to put their ideas into the best order, Listen and number these notes in the coreect order. + Diver's oxygenlou? + Divers location underwater unkrawn? + Diver tot buoyant the surface? + Not breathing? + Other boatsin area? + Seriousinjury? + Diver ctoge to boatorland? _ No help available at: surface? Diver trapped underwater? + Diver submengedin water? + Dverneedstmascitttetreatmens? Give extra gas cylinder to diver Locate diver and mark thelr position, 1 Inflate diver’s wet oul Give artificial respiration. Send signal for help Call helicopter to take to hospital Remove fram water, Tow diver ta boat orlard Froe diver with krife ng to surface carefully Bio First aid VEU bee 4 Make full questions and answers based on 3. A: What should we do if the diver's location under water is unknown? By You should locate them and mark their position, Must is used to show that an action is necessary, e.g. Safety helmets must be wom at att times. ‘Should is used to show that you're recommending or suggesting an action, e.g. People think safety helmets should be orange, In my opinion, they should be elton Should + passive is used in the recommendations section of a report, e.g. New first aid equipment should be purchased immediately. 5 Read this email. Which section gives ‘old information (= what Jon already knows)? + new information (= what Jon needs to know)? + action (= what Jon needs to doy? Frome Reacuo Genie Monger 0 “or Aiea Reneve Operators Co-cctraot Soha This morgue operon Higdon ‘You! emembsr that we talked about the trapped diver (Nike) on the phone this morning, ‘The rescue ieader has just told me that Mike is now going to the hospital by helicopter. ''m holding a meeting next week to dlscuss our rescue procecures. Could you please ‘send me your recommendations for improving them? | Pas, Oo 3 6 Write an email giving Jon's reply. Give old information, new information and action. Include six recommendations in the new iniormation Choose six items ftom the table in 3, or give some of your own ideas for recommendations. rnStart here Reading a 3 Directions 1 Identity these landmarks on the 2. Match the directions photo. flyover gantry fhotorway roundabout slip road underpass th the maps. a 1 take the second turning on the left 2. take the third exit from the roundabout 3. turn right at the Fjunction 4 come out of the building and turn right 5. gostraight ahead at the crossroads 6 leave the motorway by the slip road and turn left at the roundabout 7 go over the bridge and take the first road on the right 8 come out of the car park and turn left under the flyover First describe the situation . ‘then give the instruction ‘Thore ig STOP sign at the end of the road. | T Tun ight nto Market Strat. ‘Don't tum let hore. Take the second turning the tot ‘when you come out cl the station, ‘You't see & police station on your lek. I you cross a briége over the river, you've gone Do a U-turn. Go back across the bridge. Then to far fake the fst turning on the right.Reading 3. Read this email and mark TurboTech on the map. oe ans Fogg Me, bes Canal Seen ean, Dear Ms Olson Thank you for your email yesterday requesting directions to TurboToch, Its located in the Sefence Park in Cambriuge. Alter you enter the Soience Park, you'll come to a Touncabout, At the roundabout, take the second exil (we chive on the left in the UKI). Then go straight ahead. You'll pass a lake on your left. Aller the jake, you'll see the TurboTach sign. Take the first road on your left, and TurboTech is on your Fight. Drive into the ear park and! then walk to the Reception Desk Hook forward to mesting you and your colleague tomorrow at 11 ‘Ben Anders, General Manager Listening 4 [ZEEE Listen to these telephone directions and mark the Engineering Department and the Sports Centre on the map Note: the university is in a country whieh drives ‘on the left. Speaking 5 Workin pairs, Aand B. Give each other telephone directions to places on the map in 4 Student A, ‘Tum to page 112. Student B. ‘Turn to page 114, Task 6 Work in pairs. List three loca! places you know. + Tell your partner how to get there. + Listen to your partner's directions and draw sketch maps. * Exchange maps with your partner and check the details. Re4 Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs ln the box. cary convert detect start treat 1 Jump leads are used for _____a ca with a flat battery. ‘The purpose of a hyerophone is to __._—_sigoals under water. 3. The function of a transducer is to energy from one form to another. A irst aid kit should only be used for A forklift truck must be used to warehouse. 2. Workin pairs. Discuss with your partner. What do you think is the function of each item of the diver's equipment? minor injuries 4 5 boxes around the 3. Take turns with your partner to describe the function of each item of equipment. Use the correct form of the verbs. Equipment Funetion 1 demand valve control the flow of oxygen to the diver (lor) 2 cylinders store oxygen under high pressure (used to) 3. contents gauge indicate the amount of oxygen in the (present cylinders simple) 4 cylinders transport oxygen with the diver (used for) 3 depth gauge —_indicate the depth of the water (designed to) & buoyancy jacket support the diver in the water Gor) 7 divingmask —_ allow diver to see clearly under water (designed to) 8 contents gauge a kind of alarm clock for the diver (act as) 9 demand valve supply oxygen to the diver when he (present or she needs it simple) 10 buoyancy jacket a very strong lifelacket (act as) Examples. 1 The demand valve is for controlling the flow of oxygen to the diver.Supply the questions in this interview about the Man Overboard alarm system on page 41. © So teil us about your invention, What's (1)? © es called a ‘dgitarsonar alarm system Tor boats. © And what's 2} —___ Well, #’s for finding people when they fal off boat into the water, J see. And how (3) —______? Well, when the person falls into the water, a sensor on the pod sends a sonar signal to the hydrophone, Hold on @ minute. What exactly (4) A hydrophone is a transducer which can detect signals under water. 1see. So who (5) for? It’s designed for everyone on the boat. The crew and their famuily. OK, s0 tel! me about the pod What shape (6) Well, it’s shaped a bit like an egg. And hiow (1)? I's quite small. It's about 15 em long, Where (8)? You wear it on your belt. Ithas « clip What gy? It’s made of a very tough pale: What (10) am? Ws a very bright colour, usually yellow or red. ceo Cecececececece 5 What do you think these are tor? Discuss with a partner, 6 Write a description of the four devices in 5. Describe (a) thelr appearance and (®) their function. am7 Make definitions. 1 an MP3 player Instrument foosen and tighten nuts on wees 2 fioreglass system repair underwater piges and machines 3 artificial respiration tool powered by e‘ectricty (rom a solar pane! 4 GPS «technician dowload and play music from a computer 5 asuocoamechanic vehicle _use sa’eliles lo locate your position 6 solar-powered car procedure calettato civer's depth in the water 7 awheclwrench ——davige—_used for making hulls of boats 8 adopth gauge material help a casvaly to Breathe Example. 1 An MP3 player is a device whick downloads and plays music from a ‘computer 8 Write a reply to this email Note: the cainpus is in a country which drives on the right. HiStove, rm corng to the software conterence too, 80 Ill see you there, | know is Building 31 oon tha Microsoft Campus, Can you tel me howe to get there, please? Ii be comings along 156" Ave NE from the south. Thanks. BY at Y ye y =) 9 Change these instructions into the passive. 1 You must carry two oxygen cylinders at all times during a dive. 2. Allstalf have to wear ifejackets on board this oil rig. 3 You must not stack boxes or crates in the aisles. 4 You need to freeze all this food before you send it to the warehouse. 5 Workers should never use forklift trucks as people carriers. 6 You have to push trucks down a ramp. You must never pull them down, Example. 1 Two oxygen eylinders must be carried at alt times during a dive.10° Workin pairs, A and B. Student A 1 Turn to page 112, Describe the object and ask Student B to draw it, Then check B's drawing. Does it look like your object? 2. Listen to Student B's description of an object, and draw it from th description, Shew your drawing to B, Student & 1 Listen to Student A's description of an object, and draw it from their description, Show your drawing to A, 2 Turn to page 115, Describe your abject and ask Student A to draw it, Then check A's drawing. Does it look like your object? 11 Work in pairs. Discuss these questions about the fire extinguisher. Make notes of your answers, + Should this device be used to put out electrical fires? Why/ Why not? ‘+ What are (a) the cylinder and, (b) the siphon made of? + What properties do these materials have? Why are these properties important here? + What function(s) does the valve have? + What is the purpose of the rod? Why does it have a sharp point? + How do you activate the extinguisher? + What happens when you activate it? How does it work? + What forces the water to rise up the siphon? * How do you think you should hold and move the extinguisher when you are fighting a fire? + What safety rules do you need when using a fire extinguisher? 12 With your partner, produce a safety poster about this type of extinguisher, Use your notes and add any other information you know. Project 13 Find out about an important device or piece of equipment used in your technical field + Note down the key information, + Prepare a short talk. + Describe the device or equipment to the lass.Start here Listening Services 1 3 Technical support ‘Wiat problems have you had with computers? What were your solutions? Work with a partner. Decide on the best solutions to these computer problems. 1 You can’t log into your company network from home. Your password is rejected ‘The Image on your monitor is too large, and you can’t see the whole page. ‘You can open your incoming emails, but you can't open their attachments. A website says Cuck HERe To SFr PH0TO. You click, but nothing happens. ‘You can’t get a wireless connection between your computer and your router. Now you have the wireless conection between your computer and your router, but you can't access the Internet. A message says LiwrrED 08 No convecry. GZEEM Lisa is an IT support technician in a large company. Her colleagues. aze trying to connect their home computers to the company network. They phone Lisa with their problems, Listen and complete Lisa's report ‘Netrkrejets pastors ‘Oat seu fl page on sear icons ta large ‘Cant open eral atachmarts lk oni, tut pote case appear ‘Gan’ connect compte wirelessly with oer Cant access intaret thraugh witsless coaoction D1 came fas ea Pcs a sooo ake ih is a monn in4 MEZEDE Listen to how Lisa diagnoses the problem. Complete the statements with the verbs in the box. coukl may might must 1 You —__ have checked the reese mssworo box. 2° Your computer _____be using the wrong screen resolution settings. 3. Your email program be blocking the attachments. 4 Your firewali__e blocking the pop-ups. 5 Another electronic device he interfering with the connection, 6 You have given the computer a different IP address ftom the + router. 5 Which statements in 4 show that Lisa thinks her diagnosis is, + certainly correct? Write C after the statement, * possibly correct? Write P after the statement, 6 BPH Listen to how Lisa suggests a solution. Complete the statements, Use the correct form of the verbs in the box. could don't lower suggest try type 1 Now try__ in the correct password. 2. Try-____your security levet. 3 Well, you _____ move the phone away. Or why —_____ you move the router around? 4 1____ you __ moving the router to a different location. Language Diagnosing a problem + present possibility: may/might/coutd + be/present continuous, ¢.g. The file Y ‘mayjmight/could be too large. 3 «present certainty: must + be/present continuous, e. itachments. must{may{might + present perfect, e.g, You may/might have ‘The firewall must be + past certainty: must + present perfect, e.g. You must have broken it. ‘Suggesting a solution «try + verb + -ing. Try clicking on the ‘undo" button. ak a + Why don't you ...? Why don’t you click on the ‘wndo” button? * could, You could click on the “undo” button, 7 Rephrase these. Use language from above, Diagnosis: your switch Is probably broken. Suggestion: change it D:it’s possible your cable is loose. 5: push it firmly into the socket D: you are definitely using the wrong IP address S: reboot the router D: perhaps the program has frozen S: press CTRL-ALT-DEL D; the mouse has definitely stopped working S: disconnect and reconnect, Di It's certain your file is too large for the disk 5: compress it Example: 1 Your switch might be broken. Try changing it.2 Reporting to clients Starthere 1 How can architects make tall buildings safer in fires or other emergencies? Brainstorm some ideas in groups. Task 2. Discuss these ideas lor saler skyscrapers with your group. + discuss the purpose of the ideas on the diagram + draw up and complete a table like this, {Ideas for making skyscrapers safer in fires Idea Purpose (a) CCTV cameras _ te check everyone's locallon; to allow controllers to monitor the situation. \d emergencies () parachutes __to alow people to escape quickly trom the top floors (0 gaos betnson beans dooms (ier in (h stidges 77 Meee el x \ —trantipaaone F-——wscorveamons ta. Ofer tas _ipnachnes y (0 song sitions = te tepeat cating teh beckon pam ard na) (oi magnate sna = corre conve ‘yor Bung) eyes cts ier ® peoale puton magnet lkeiachets ancl jurmp jake shaft 3 Discuss these questions with your group and add notes to your table in 2: ‘* Which safety features will work? + Which ones will not work, or be too difficult to install? * Discuss the reasons, 4. Present your group's decisions to the class.Reading § Read this covering letter and EE answer the questions below. Mr oni tke 1 Who is (a) the client ¢b) the Director contractor? ‘Hu Constructions Pte Lid 2 What did the client asisthe contractor to do. and when did Gear Mr Hat he ask it? ‘Safety upgrading of Hy Building 3) What has the contractor dane? “That you for your leitee of 24 Janvary 4) Where is the conteactor's authorising us to do the above work, seni {am pleased to inform you that the work was complete ast month. ur repor iy attacid 6, What does econtactorak ahaa Darras ‘commas are optionat the client ty do? any of the points in the report Dee Mir He, 6 Which words introduce good ‘Yours sincerely, Youre soot, ? news? Plerre Van Ek 6 Read the contractor's report. Write Director a number from the diagram in 2 ‘ene. Report on Safety Moxtificutions to next to each job report, Mu Building. Summary report from Safety Designs Ltd The following jobs were carried out in the Hu Building during January - Octobe ‘Three walkways were buill between the tawers ta allow people to cross over ( ‘The width of stairs was increased by 25 em to allow more people to use them, (___) Fire-esistant material was placed between floors to stop fes from spreading. ¢._) Exits on the ground floor were widened by I m te allow people to escape more easily. (___) Elevators were covered wit {lteresistant raterlal to protect them. (___} ‘Structural beams were shortened by $ em to allow them to expand in a fire. (—..—) Smoke detectors were installed to give eatly warning of fire. (__} [No equipment for jumping was provided since we decided it was impractical. ( 7 Underline examples of the passive in the summary report Example: | Three walkways wore buit between the towers Language “The bullding work was completed _ last month. ‘Three walkways were betwoon th towers. 8 Change the sentences in the report in 6 into the active. Example: 1 We built three walkways between the towers to allow people to cross over. Speaking 9 Refer to the table your group completed in 2. In your group, roleplay a meeting between client and contractor, Appoint one member of your group to be the client, John Hu, The other group members are a team of contractors working for Safety Designs Ltd. The contractors have now carried out the work they specified in the table in 2. {in the meeting, the client asks the contractors what changes they made to the building, why they made/did not make the changes and other questions about dimensions, materials, etc. The contractors answer the client's questions.Start here Listening Task 3 Dealing with complaints 1) What are the most common 2 How should staff deal with a customer complaints in your technical field? , complaint from a customer? Make some guidelines for stall (Ia note form) 3° BEZEZE Listen to this phone call from a customer with a complaint, Note down the details in the complaints form. Date and tine of call 10.45 16°03 Name of customer - Order number - Description of goots Wodel nurnber Details of comalant Soluten otred ——Clveplace Crepair (refund (reduce Gustomer rosponse Clacceot Clvefect 4 Listen again to the phone call. Look at the company handbook below. Which procedures are (a) followed (b) broken by the staff? Procedure for dealing with a telephone complaint from a customer > 1 be friendly, poille and helpful 2 listen caretuty show sympathy with the customers problem, but don't admit the company’s fault 4 summarise whet the customer has told you, and check that you have Understood correctly 5 record the detalls and collect the evidence (e.g. receipts or damaged goods) 6 oiler a solution (repair the item, replace it, refund the money or reduce the prige of the next purchase) yaaa 5 Work in pairs, A and B, Roleplay a phone call between service staff and a customer with a complaint. Before you start, study the audio script of the phone call in 3 on page 124. Student A. You're the customer. Make notes about your device and what is ‘wrong with it. Include a model name, number and an order number, Then call customer services. Student B. You work in customer service. Draw up a customer complaints form like the one in 3. Then take the call from the customer and deal with their complaint.6 Describe the damage to the suitcase, broken burnt cracked crushed dented split tom twisted CELE Gi Reading 7 Read this reply to a customer's letter of complaint and answer the questions, Dear Ms Beck ‘Thank you for your letter complaining abour your DVD player from our store. Tras sorry to hicar that the cop surface of the machine was seracchedt and the edge was cracied Unforaunately, we do nor have any more DVD players in stack at che momene. Howeves, Tam pleased ro inform you that we will give you your money back in fill. In addition, as a pestare of goodwill, we will give you 2 1090 discount off your next purchase from our store. T would like co apologise for the inconvenience you have experienced, Please do not hesitate to contact ne if you have any Further queries Yours sincerely Robert Wilson Store Managee What did the customer complain about? What does the writer offer to do? Which words (a) show sympathy (b) glve an apology? Which words introduce (a) good news (b) bad news? 1 2 3 4 ing 8 You are the Manager of IT Online Ltd. Reply to this letter, The Manager, ITGrline Ltd Dear Sir orMadain Ish t0 complain about the Mace ntebook computer which | ordered from your ante store lat rionth (order numiner GOZBEIO') The computer was deliver only yooterday, When opened.the box the adapter was missing This 3 very poor service indeed. ook Forward to hearing from you. Peter Brace ee nat get neEnerg Mi 1 Wave power Start here Brainstorm in small groups. Make potes or draw simple diagrams. How can the energy of sea waves be converted into electrical power? Task 2 Study this diagram. t shows one method of converting wave energy into electrical power. With your group # decide how it works + explain your group's ideas to the rest of the class Vocabulary 3 Complete this text with the correct motion words. —_— <-> nwa veepoeaing “There are four basic motions, First, there is (1) rmovementin a straight bine, and in one direction. Secondly there is @ motion, which is swo-veay movement backwards and forwards / ct up and down (like a piston) ina sttaight line The third type is motion, This is ooking G)_____ moo, whic swings from side to side like a pendulum), rotary Finally, there is (4) ________ motion, which is motion in a circular ditection, like che shaft of a wind turbine, Ace nmptmes eee NTO ag ag nec rnn ae 4 Match the numbered arrows in the diagram in 2 with the motion words in 3. 5 Complete these sentences. Use the present simple of the verbs in the box. 1 Propeller shafts oscillate reciprocate 2 Acar engine piston —_. rotate 3) Pendulums . 4 When you tighten a screw, it ________ clockwise,Scanning 6 Practise your speed reading. Look for the information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119). Try to be the first to complete the task. Task: Find out five advantages (or benefits) of the wave energy converter, Listening 7 BEZEEE Listen to this presentation about the Wave Energy Converter, and complete the listener's notes. WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER DEPINTTION, syste for converting [1)______ trom ana waves into electrical power LOCATION: Fixed vo the (2) WAIN COMPONENTS: a flexible diss, a lever, a (3)____ which takes jn sea water, a set of (4}______, many sea water pipes, a (6! on the Land WAIN GPECLBICATEONS: 4.6 mG) x (6) ______ (0); pipe (7) mee nm (W}; pressure (8). _____kpa (1000 peit; ean generate } (9) et of electricity OPERATION: wave oscillates > puches dis: (10)__________ > ever oscillates > reciprocating pusps push water through pipa at (11. Pressure > turbine (12)____" > generates electricity BINSEITS: Wave energy is a (13). energy reacurce: uses no fossil fuels Task 8 Work in small groups. Find out about one of these wave energy systems. Prepare a presentation about your system. ‘oe Poor Sinton Group 1. Turn to page 112 for your notes about the Wave Energy Buoy. (1) Group 2. Turn to page 114 for your notes about the Wave Power Station. (2) Group 3. Turn to page 116 for your notes about the WaveRoller. (3) 9 With your group, give a presentation about your system to the class, Answer ‘questions from the class. Writing 10° Write a description of your group's system, explaining how it works. 392 Engines cams Starthere 1 Work with # partner or in small groups. Draw arrows to show all ‘exhaust valve the movements inthis diagram of an internal-combustion engine cylinder. eoustpot 2 Describe the motion of all the moving parts in the diagram. Use the words in the box. nid. linear oscillating reciprocating rotary 3° Explain what causes the movements of «the valves the piston eucontustion sige eedee © the crankshalt Imaenakcomnusion engine Task 4 With your partner or group, riumber these diagrams in the correct order. JL losin se eg Reading 5 Read this description of the four-stroke cycle. Check your answers to 4 The four-stroke internal combustion c cycle [BEFORE THE CYCLE BEGINS. The cycle begins al fop dead centre (TOC). Here tne piston Is furthest away ‘rom the erankshatt, There ara four strokes of the piston. INTAKE STROKE, The crankshaft rotates. This makes the piston move dovm the cylinder, away trem the Yalvos. At the sare time, the cam above the infake valve rotates. This makes the valve move doviniwards, whigh opens the inlake port. AS the piston moves down, tel is sucked info the cylinder shrough this inlet COMPRESSION STROKE. As the ccankshett rotalos, it makes the piston move up the chamber towatds the valves. Simultaneously, the cam above the iniake valve rotates and allows it 10 close. Both valves are nov closed. As the piston moves up towards the valves, I compresses the Tue), IGNITION, Now the piston is once again at TDC. The comprassed fuel is ignited by the spark plug, and there 1« is @ small explosion at the top ofthe oylinder. POWER STROKE. Iminediately alle this, the gases éxpand in the oylindor, which pushes the piston downvords. This makes the crankehelt rotalo and provides torsion te drive the wheels ofthe vehicle. EXHAUST STROKE. As tho crankshaft rotates, it pushes the piston up the cylinder, At the same time, the cam ‘above the exhaust valve pushes the valve downwards. This opens the exhaust port, and the bumt gases ere 1s pushed out. ‘The cycle is repeated itiousands of times per minute, emt cet tt meen a ant A TA Ic vaLanguage 6 What do these words refer to? 1 which (line 5) a) the valve b) the retation of the eam ) the movernent of the valve it (ine 7} a) the cam b) the intake valve ¢) the rotation of the eam this (line 11) a) the small explosion b) the top of the cylinder which (line 11} a) the cylinder b) the expansion of the gases. ‘This (line 14) a) the cam b) the valve ¢) the movement of the valve 7 Find words in the text that mean the same as these phrases. at the same time (one word) twisting force (one word) inlet which allows fuel to enter the cylinder (two words) device which moves to allow gases to escape (two words) When often indicates that two actions happen in sequence, L.e. immediately after the other, e.g. Wen the spark piug ignites, the gases explode. As often indicates that two actions happen simultaneously, ie. both at the same time, e.g. AS the piston moves up, i compresses the fuel When or as can sometimes be used with the same meaning when it’s difficult to decide if two actions are simultanevus or in rapid sequence, e.g. WhenlAs the brake pedal is pressed, the pision pushes the oil along the brake pipe. 8 Join each group of sentences inte a single sentence. Use when/as and which. Do not use the words in italics. 1. The piston moves up. At the same time, the exhaust valve opens. This lets the burnt gases escape. 2 The spark plug ignites the fuel. Imunediately afterwards, there is an explosion. This makes the piston move down with great force. 3 The camshalt rotates. Simultaneously, the cam pushes the intake valve downwards, This allows the fuel to enter the cylinder. 4. The piston moves away from the valves. immediately after this, it creates a vacuum in the cylinder, This sucks the fuel in. 5. The piston moves up towards the valves. Soon afterwards, it puts the fuel under high pressure. This helps the gases to expand rapidly after ignition. 6 The cam pushes the exhaust valve down, At the same Cime, the piston moves up towards it. This forces the burnt gases out of the engine. Example: 1 As the piston moves up, the exhaust valve opens, which lets the burnt gases escape. This is a diagram of an internal combustion engine that uses Fecal conries hydrogen as a fuel. Describe this engine and explain how it works. Explain the benetits of this kind of engine.alt 3 Cooling and heating Starthere 1 refrigerators based on? evaporates. (takes in) heat, contese ees) Discuss this question in groups. Which two sclentitic principles are 1 For every action there is an equal but apposite reaction. 2 When you compress a gas, it condenses. When you decompress a liquid, it 3) The upthrust is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. 4 As agas condenses, it gives out heat. As a liquid evaporates, it absorbs 2 With your group, make notes about what happens to the fluid during a refrigeration cycle, Use the two principles from 1 ‘andenaa > gas. | Semcon eolaiy> mae Sou ow Reading 3 Read this description of a heat pump, and complete the diagram below. ‘+ draw an arrow on the pipes ta show the direction of flow of the tluid + delete the words high or ow in the brackets HEAT PUMPS ‘A heat pump isan electrical device that pomps hear from fone place to anosher. During cold weather, icextacts hear fiom the outside aic and ransters ic inco che building uring lot weather, the heat pump reverss this operation. and teansfers heat ftom inside the building co dhe ouside. ‘The machine is based on the two principles of the refrigeration cyele: (2) when 2 gas is compresed, ie condenses, and gives out heat, and (2} when «liquid is expanded, iv evaporates, ancl absorbs (or takes in) heat. “The main parts ofa heat pump area compressor, an ‘expansion valve, ewo fins, reversing valve and two ses of ‘evils, one ox she outside and the other on hc inside of the building. The eoils are thin pipes which are bent in a U shape many times. They can absorb and give out heat. “The compressor purnps a special uid called a sefiigerant around the coils The reftigeant is nde: high presse as it flows from the corapressor to the condenser, [As the Buid pastes iround the condenser coils it gives out hha op the surrounding air The fluid chen passes through the expansion valve. Hete the presiuie is suddenly reduced and the fluid expands. This makes ic evaporae.'As the ‘id passe around the evaporate evil it absorbs heat Grom the surrounding air, rocking ie old. Then the Bui flows hack ta‘che compressor HEATING OPERATION In cold weather, the ours col sess asthe evaporator and che inside coil acts as the condenser. ‘The fluid in the ‘evaporator is uader tow pressure, and soit evaporates. The fan pulls the octsde air over the evaporator and che Huid absorbs heat Fon it. The compressor then purnps the heated fluid imto the building under bigh pressure co the condenser. The second fan blown air ever the condenser, and the heated ar is blown inio theVocabulary Writing Task oueotbee ‘Treg ct et ne geno ig 4 Match the parts with their definitions, 1 expansion valve a) coiled pipes that give out heat to the surrounding air 2. coils b) a pump which compresses the refrigerant 3. condenser ¢) a device that decompresses the refrigerant 4 cefrigerant 4) afluid which evaporates at a low temperature 5 evaporator ¢) pipes that carry the refrigerant around the system 6 compressor foiled pipes that extract heat from the surrounding 5 Make a table for all the words in the box. Use a dictionary if necessary. ‘compress condense cecampress evaporat extract operate _relrigerale Verb Concept noun Agent compress compression compressor 6 Continue and complete this description of the cooling operation of the heat pump. ‘The heat pomp: cooking oparaton Cooling operation high presse vewnacoue Duritig hot weather, the operation of the heat pump is reversed. The reversing valve changes the machine from q heater to an air conditioner. The outside coil then acts as... siete je 7 Workin small groups. Discuss this geothermal pump. Make notes about its function © how it works * how it is different from the heat pump [F] coorage acre Bi cogs etigr 8 Write a description of the geothermal pump and how it works.Review Unit D 1 Complete these phone conversations. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1 G@emember / check / uncheck / type) As [cat fog into my company network, My password was rejected. B:_ Your network system must be (1) eamemizring the wrong password. You sight have (2) checked the remeames password box. Try (3) —___ this feature. Then try @) —_____.im the cortect password again. 2 lock / lower / open) A: Fean't open my email attachments. 8: Your email program must be (5) ____ the attachments, “Try (6) ______ your security settings. Then you can try 7) _______ the attachments again. 3 (block / switch off / empty) A: Felick on a link on a web page, but the tink doesn't pop up. B: Your ttrewall might have (8) the pop-up, Try (@) ________ the mtocx rop-urs option in your tirewall and then try (10)_______ your cache. 4. {interfere / take / move) Ax Tean't get a wireless connection between my computer and my router. B: A cordless phone or other device might be (11) with the connection, Try (12) ______ the phone away. Or why don't you (13) _______ the router to another location? 5. (use / reboot / reboot / reboot) A: Ecamt't access tie internet with my wireless router B: The router must be (14) _____the wrong IP address. Why don't you (15)________ the router first. If that doesn't work, try (16) the computer and then you could 7) ____— the router again. 2 Anotline technician made these notes of phone conversations with customers, Roleplay the phone conversations with a partner. cerereecee| crorcererr| ceerceceee | a a a Pieusemmessenm | omswursnem | tonclenenacanun | CHECK FIRST plugged nto wal? CCHEOK FST: printer lugged in? CHECK FIRST: onttortumed oi paged nic power sip power sip ‘turned on pp jam? no payerin sto ightenear power button one prter? onaretnork? ogaed no thoetor connected propery to PERHAPS. ctcuthin power ap broken network corectiy? computer? “TRY FHIG: pls ite dfforent outlet PERHAPS prntervot eecomishg PERHAPS: connactorcaMoloose computer TRY THE: tighten al oalos TEETH iog on agin PROBLEMA cil ork CR tHGcchuckpricariconentaskar | PERHAPS:bnghtesc/conteasc ‘uttone tumed dow TRY THIS: aust Purtens on mortior i ttt tl tO rt et et AO3) What do you think could have caused the events in the photos to happen? Tell the class. 4 Discuss how a two-stroke engine works with a partner. oar pag, ss enn ~\gt See oi bien el vem aE AL met 7 venice fot 5 Put these sentences into the correct order. ‘Two-stroke engine: the upstroke ‘Asa result tosh fuel is sucked into the crankcase. ‘The vecuum opens the fusl valve. Wien it reaches the top, the spark plug fires, This compreseas the fuol in the cylinder. As the cranishatt rotates, it drives the piston up. 1 : Then the downstroke begins, : Atthe same time, it oreates a vacuum in the crankcase. Meamabile, the piston moves up lowards the top of the cylinder. 6 Use the information in these notes to write a paragraph deseribing the downstroke ot the two-stroke engine. Use when or as where possible to join two lines together. You can also use other words such as meanwitile, Two-stroke engine: the downstroke 1 spark plug fires 7. plston uncovers exhaust port 2 fut igntes 8 piston reaches bottom of cylinder 3 this dives piston down 9 platon uncovers transfer port 4 piston moves dowin 10 fuel flows from crankcase 5 compresses fuel in crankcase 11 tual flows into eytindor 6 piston moves down more 12 tres fuel pushes out exhaust gas Begin: When the spark plug fires, the fuel ignites. This drives the piston down As it moves...D 7 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets (break down) yesterday. The mirrors are 1 My new washing machine has 2 My new car was (deliver / crack) 3) You have me the wrong shipment. (send) 4 © two CDs from you this morning by past. They're both —_ {receive / serateh} 5 two generators last month, but you have not them. (ower / deliver) ___ the motorbike a month ago, but the brakes have already down, (buy / weat) 8 A safety inspector investigates a ire in a building, and writes a report from his notes, Complete the report, Use the passive throughout. INerECTORDNOTES ‘rings T.00-eramine thesize of he = iopect jonte ana conection teat Ft measure gppo beTwoe ert one parts of thewal sears sienartent> ve ttredsrnatr sa OI ecto. hewn eta ee aot» ok wee ences To ppretans pontnek? aerate mane” Pe peeing acon INSPECTOR’S REPORT ACTIONS TAKEN, : The sie ofthe fire was examined, 2 Joines and coanestions were Inspected. Boe FINDINGS 1 Four sores were dese bythe 2 Thiee metal beams were sheated Boone RECOMMENDATIONS | Scructaral columns should be reinforced, 2 Wer nis should be renga 9 You are the manager of Technik Ltd. Reply to this letter. “The Manager Technik td Dear Si or Madsen Hotepot washing machine receiptno. THBS3/08 Lam writing to complain about the Hotspot washing machine that levered frm your city centre shop bo weeks ago. The washing machine nse delvered venday ago, atid it was installed by your sence staf? on the same day. Ir worked when Phe serge tha ‘suliched itor bat when sattched ton again tha ext day, there wae aud crash ‘gad ther the machine stepped. called the cervice hotline hut theve wa nereply fe “pwo days. Final, Isenz an evil to customer services. The washing niece wad baked” away this Porting, one weeklate, Lam rot satieRied with the washing machin the erdce from your company, look forward to hearing From yu : Micha Willams10. Work in pairs or in small groups. Discuss the two types of Stirling engine, Decide how they work. 0 ty angle lve poner pon 11. Write a description of the two engines, and how they work. Project 12 Find out about an important engine or piece of equipment used in your industry. Get information about © the principle behind it © the function of the main parts = bow it works 13 Give a short talk about this to the class.Measuremen 1 Sports data . Starthere 1 What do you know about the Tour de France cycle race! Diseuss in pairs «How long is the route (approximately)? How many days does it take © What do you think cyclists nced to measure when they train for a race? Reading 2 Read this blog and check your answers to 1 Posted: 27 November _ _Somnern here Helle. Welcome fo TeamTour, tie blog of my cycling (group. We're a tearn of six racing cyclists, and right nov were cycling around the Tour de France raul, wich is 3550 km, We're not compoting inthe actual race this year {maybe next year ..). Right now, were only practising the route, Click here to see 2 summary ofthe distances we “| hope to cover every day. We've brought some fantastic rmeasuremont devices with us (cick here to see one}. To ‘see my bike maintenance schedule, cick here. Day 3. Now we've completed the thd day, which means almost ove sista the whole tour of twenty dys! Wet in Norther France, anc were geing to have a rest day towor08 LS CC 2 Sethe eam 9) DI = loaten are 1s Hin 7 tsaten oe vv bieeKm to tenn i vy meawutrg dvi tae & em Sa whi hous many dent measures The st sete erremar i ocstet mesma te lence | Vevey the tachometr for mans my 22002), | Mae teach aoseuea ny tute) an brome fer masatgsmosphers pressure) Streets oma senso moans on tert soa rn ys et yet re ae rt s ie ren anes eckon Che hatin creme ee he arene Wee ge dai dantwereress waren ee ee ‘tte id ors) Tat rate rChoc inh Asin coy epic eed. S00 muhichover a sooner! Eneure tk fs 8g" and at hs rac cig. eon weno ata down yt aon nd ry i: Ae caro chan aed cgr, Git to ‘ke Te we. path wheel i, o prev brstes fom sHrpingVoeabutary Reading (Novica ringuars, lala snc Bae 3000 ‘hry 200 ay 3000 ‘omens 3° Answer these questions on the text. 4 9 1 What instruments provide data to measure: (1) How fast am I cycling? (2) How far have | eycled today? (3) How high am I above sea level? When you inspect the (1) tyres (2) quick-release levers (3) saddle (@) wheel rims, what problems are you trying to prevent? A cyclist has completed 520 km in two cays of cycling. Shotld he/she test the gears now? Match the sports measuring instruments with the other items in the table Ask and answer questi Measuring instrument Whatis measured Unit of measurement Abbreviation barometer distance (eyeing) metres kth tachometer speed seconds m esiometar height (above sea level) beats per second = kim altireter rate of heart beat kilopascals bos stop watch weight watts 8 heart aie monitor power output kilograms w power monitor pressure kklometzes perhour kPa scales time kleretres, ke nis about the table, What do you use for measuring your power output? What does kPa stand for? Whar's the abbreviation for beais per second? What's a tachometer used for? What does a barometer measure? What units of measurement and measurin; ‘truments do you use in your technical field? Make a table, Use the headings from 4, Ask and answer questions about it, asin 5. Complete the distance table in the blog in 2 with the words In the box. Use approximate fractions. almost approximately justuncer justover morethan nearly Make some statements using fractions about yourself, or about a topic which interests you. Example; I've completed just under two thirds of my training. Read the text and answer the questions below. Ghange the oil and fiter and lubricate moving parts every six monthe, or at (8000-mile intervals, whichever is the sooner. Service the battery efter 54 months 84,000 miles, whichever isthe sooner. The brakes should be Inspected and serviced (if necessary} af three-month intervals ar every 3000 miles, wrictiever Is the aooner A car has done 54,000 miles but only 50 months. Should the battery be serviced now? Acar has done 30 months, and 28,256 miles. The driver has inspected the brakes nine times. The last time was three months ago. Should the brakes be inspected again now?2 Sensors Start here 1 Whicl of the following is ot a sensor? Why not? 2 What other sensors can you think of? 3° With a partner, write 2 definition of a sensor. Use these or other words. sensor, device, detect, change (n), environment, convert, data Begin: A sensor is Reading 4 Discuss with your partner. © What's happening here? © What are the engineers trying to measure? * What kind of sensors are used? 5 Read this article and compiete the statements below using these words: acceleration, load, motion ‘Two different crash test dummies are used in standard European ‘vehicle crash tests. The arst durnmy is used for {ront impact crashes, and the second one is & side impact crash duromy. The dummies, which are macle of steel, aluminium and rubber, contain many sensors. “Three types of seasing equipment are used: acveteration sensors, toad sensors and motion sensors. The dummy heads contain three accelerometers (shagle direction acceleration sensors) which are set at right angles (lorward-backward, up-down, and left-right). The dummy necks contain load sensors to detect the bending forces, shear forces and tension forces, which put pressure on the neck in a crash. The dummy iegs contain load sensors, which measure the bending, shear, ‘compression and tension forees on the leg. Tn addition, a front impact crash test dummy has steel ribs fitted “with motion seasors which record front rib movement. A side impact Gummy has motion sensors which record side ehest deflection (or ieward movement), and Joad sensors to teasure compression forces on the chest ere AA TT AE A NO ‘Three types of sensors are used in crash test dummies: 1. ___ sensors measure deflection (inward movement) of a body part during a crash. 2 _____"_ sensors measure how much a body part increases or decreases speed during a crash. 3 ______ sensors measure the force or pressure on dliferent body parts daring a crash.Vocabulary 6 Match the diagrams with (a) the names of the forces and (b) their descriptions. a a 4 a ~~; a i see bP (b) squeezing or pressing together, sliding in opposite directions; stretehiny, or pulling apart; twisting; squeezing one side « stretching the other side Language Noun « noun combinations are very common in technical English Examples: acceleration sensors (= sensors which measure acceleration); vehicle crash tests (- tests which erash a vehicle to measure its safety); a side impact ‘crash dummy (~ a dummy which measures the impact from the side in a crash). 7 Find phrases in the article in 5 which mean the same as these. All the words in the phrases must be nouns. forces which pull something apart sensors which detect movement or motion deflection of the side of the chest crashes which are caused by an impact from the front a dummy which is used for testing the impact of a crash from the front Expand these phrases, You can change words and add information. 1 agas flow meter = ameter which meacunes/or the fiow of gas (along a Peel 2 anengine speed dial 3. atyre pressure gaugi 4 abass volume int tor = 5 anair pressure sensor = 6 afuel intake port = Make full sentence definitions from 8. Example: 1 A gas flow meter is a meter which measures the flow of gas along a pipe. List some sensors used in your industry. Complete a table like this one. It possible, work in small groups with others from the same industry. Industry: civil engineering and construction Name of sensor Function/Use ‘Application strain gauge to measure deformation of structures. high-rise buildings, bridges, roads 11 Explain to the class about the sensors you have listed in your table. Jn the field of civil engineering and construction, strain gauges are used for measuring the deformation of siractares. They're used in high-rise buildings, bridges and roads, for example Ben}3 Positioning 1 Work in pairs. What do these systems calculate? Choose the most important 8 an ors. er Start here ‘one for each system. distance, speed location, height, depth a a a ‘ltimater Seal = | nessa What is GPS? GPS stands for he Global Positioning System. tt ccan tell you your precise location'” anywhere on ~ forabove) the Earth to within six metres. 5 Agioup of 24 oF more satelites orit the Earth at an alitude of 11,000 miles. Every 12 hours, a salelize makso an orbit, or ona complete cycle in space around the Earth, The satolties tansmit signals 1o receivers on the ground. 2 mo The user has a GPS receiver, wich detects the signals fom the salelites, and calculates thelr distange" trom the raceiver. Receivers canbe held in your hand or mounted in & vehicle, such 88 a car or ship, A nand-hald recaiver is about the "15 eize of a mobile phone, bul the newer models are ‘even smaller For instance, you can now buy one whichis as smal as en MPS player. How does the system work? ‘The satelites know thelr precise position’? in +0 their own orbits, Each satelite sonds a signal tothe receiver al the speec of ight, This signal tells the receiver its exact location. In adcition, it els the ‘ecaivor the transmission time**af the signal. a) De (I,-Tyle b) T,-G,td-D 2 The footnotes on this web page are in the wrong order. Write the footnote numbers in the spaces. How does the receiver calculate how far itis «s from the satelite? It-sublracts the time when the signal was received (7,) from the time whoa itwas sent (T).Thenit ‘itipies the number by the speed of light (cp. “This gives the distance (0) trom the receiver to the sa satelite, However, fo fing out your exact lovation ‘hat is, your longitude, lattude, and aktude), your recelver needs signals ftom atleast threa satelites, Why do you need st least three satellites to tel! you where you are? as Each sataliie tmnsmits @ different postion and time signal fo the racelver. The recover is able ‘te calculate its exact location (to within 6 m by comparing tho three diferent signats FOOTNOTES: {nother words, wien it was sant (nat a, tow faraway tay ae (Jor, exaety whore you sre (Jie, exact ore sey the sates) ave 3. Choose the correct calculation according to the text. ¢) D-M,-T) 1-04 -D ‘Choose the closest meaning for each word/phrase in the text. Choose from these meanings: ard, but, for example, in other words. 1 ordine 7) 2 such as (line 13) 3. For instance (line 16) 4 In addition (Iine 22) 3 However (line 30) 6 that is (ine 31) catLanguage Task Noun phe your location, Pleaae tal me the depth of the ever. | need to kno {he altitude of the planes. This insteument can show you Indiraet quastion The computer caloulat puter caloulates mere you are now deep the rivers. how high the planes are 5 Replace the plirases in italics, Use the nouns in the box and add any necessary words. attitude depth distance height length location spaed temperature width 1 Please find out where te ship is, and how fast she ts going. 2. Before you touch the liquid, you should check how fo itis. 3. [want to find out fow far away the plane fs, and how high itis above sea level. 4 Could you please tell me tow deep the river is below the bridge. 3. also need to know how wide, how fong and how high the bridge is, Example: 1 Please find out the location of the ship, and her speed. 6 Replace the phrases in itatics, Use the word(s) in brackets. 1 All acroplanes carry altimeters, These devices measure ait pressure. From this reading, the altimeter can calculate the height of the plane above sea level. (how high) 2 Asubmarine’s pinger sends out a ping, or burst of sound, which is reflected back from ships in the sea. This allows the crew to find out the location of the ships. (where) 3. lidar system can work out the distance of a vehicle from the device. It takes many readings as the vehicle approaches, From this it can calculate the speed of the vehicle. (how / far / fast) 4 Anairport radar system sends out a sound signal which is reflected from an approaching plane. Since the system knows the speed of the sound signal, it can calculate the distance of the plane from the airport tower. chow / fast / far} Example: 1... the altimeter can calculate how high the plane is aboue sea level 7 Work in groups. + Brainstorm an everyday applications which use GPS, Choose one that interests you. * Prepare a short presentation, showing how GPS works in the application. + Present your group’s ideas to the rest of the class. Some examples of the use of GPS include: police, fire and emergency medical services; forest fire prevention; surveying and construction; tunnel digging: bridge building; mining, company cars; delivery vans; dealing with environmental disasters such as oil spills in the sea; airsea rescue services; agriculture; animal herding; tracking endangered species; hiking and camping: sailing.4 Foe Start here ‘Scanning 4 Properties * 1. This is « bridge in a severe storm, minutes betare it collapsed. Identify the forces acting on it. Use tne words in the box compression torsion shearing tension 2 Practise your speed reading. Look for the information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119). Try to be the first to complete the task. ‘Task: Fis information about the ridge in the photo in 1 * What was the name of the bridge? + in which year did it collapse? + How strong was the wind? 3 Read these descriptions of tests and write the figare number in the gaps. Materials-testing: destructive tests “The purpose ofthe tensile strength test ig, isto discover whether a rmaterial wl deform échange shape) or break swhen its pulled apart. The material is sccured with wo camps, ne at exch end. “The lamps are pulled apart wish a specified force. The yield poi (i point wheve the snaceraldefoonis) andlor the breaking pone {chi polit wate the mareral bres) is measured. This measurement shows you the tensile stength of the materia Thesaim ofthe impect-reitance test ig. to find our whether a _macera wll ben ox bree when it is seruck vith force Te bottom of che material is co et placed in « lamp, so thar it stand vertically. A baeomer strikes the material with a specified Fore. The yieké point andfor the breaking point is measured. This indicates the impact resistance of the matcial “The objecsve ofthe compressive strength vest (Big, —_} isc find our if material “wil deform or break when ic s compressed, "The snatrial i ecused in 2 clamp between 2 fixed head and 2 moving head. The moving head presses down on the maceiah and the load is increased, The yield point andfor the breaking point arc measure. ‘This indicaces the compressive szength of the matetial. 4. Divide each paragraph in 3 into three sections. Use these headings. © Objective + Example. Objective. The purpose of the tensile strength test Result, This measurement shows you .. material is secured Procedure + Result Procedure. TheLanguage ist = raat Vocabulary Task in of Process ——=~SCwe to Vea Troan gy Nels gy Meee Hh themetaners tre vestiston cova elhor slate beaks The objective s * 5 Change these questions into statements about objectives. Use each word! phrase at least once. aim discover find out investigation objective purpose test Does this metal deform easily when it is hammered? 4s this matetlal elastic or plastic when it is stretched? Does this metal break when you strike It with a force of 10,000 newtons? ‘Will this plastic withstand deformation when it is heated to 120°C? To these three types of ceramic melt when they are heated to over 50°C? Will this concrete beam crack when it fs compressed under a weight of 5 tonnes? Example: 1 The purpose of the testis te discover if this metal deforms vastly when itis hammered, 6 Underline the stressed syllable 1 tens ile tens ion 2 com press ive com press ion 3 rl gid ri gid ity 4 fex ibility — flex { ble 5 elasticity elas tle 6 plas ti plas ti ci ty 7 WEE Listen and check your answers. 8 Make a table like this. Use all the words from 6. 9 Work in groups. Choose one of the following tests on parts of a bicycle: (1) the wheel, @) the saddle, (3) the frame, Discuss how to do the test. Make notes. a ov 8 4008 10 Work individually. Use the notes from your group work, Write your description of the test under three headings. * Objective oftest © Procedure + Result 11. Explain your group's test to the rest of the class.Start here Listening 2 1 2 4 cannot AS Resistance Work in small groups. Discuss these questions, + How do earthquakes aieet high-rise buildings? + How do you think engineers make buildings resistant to carthquakes? BECEEEE Listen to the beginning of this falk, and follow the notes. When the speaker mentions a topic in the notes, puta tick next to it EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BUILDINGS 1. Introduction: what causes earthquakes? 2. The problem tor buildings 3. Some solutions 341 Strengthening buildings 3.2 Isolating buiksings 33 Adding dampers Listen again and tick all the signpost phrases you hear, Note: signpost phrases give directions to the listeners. They tell the listeners where they are in the talk Giving the purpose of the talk Starting a new topic Referring to visual the main aim of his presentation is to thatbrings meto as youl can see in the photo the aim of my tats today isto F3iike to start by as the photo snows my objective in this talk Isto Tika to begin by as shown in Figure 1 lets move on to the graph indicatas that isten to the next part of the talk and label the three diagrams which the speaker refers to. Label them Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Reading 5 Read this key to the diagrams in, and write the correct diagram letters (A-F) inthe blanks, Strengthening buildings to make them earthquake-resistant STRUCTURE 1: Single brace fad right. The: sie fn an earthquake, the frame of the building moves in both directions, left jagonal is able to resist both tension and compressio STRUCTURE 2: Cross brace Ietwo diagonals are used, they myst be able to resist tension, but they do hot neud te he coropresaion-resistant. This is because one dlaganal i in tension when the frame maves lel, ‘hile the other ane is in tension when the frame moves right STRUCTURE 3: Horizontal deck ‘This fsa flat unbendable steel plate or coucrete slab. I's placed Detween the floors of a bullding. it strengthens tie vertical columns and wals STRUCTURE 4: Horizontal trass ‘This has the same function as Structure 3, but is located In the roof of a building t's not a solid plate or slab, It consists of many steel triangles. I forms a rigid, unmoveable structure for the rool [STRUCTURE : Rigid joint ‘This isa rig connection between # cohunn and a beam. nan earthquake, the connection doeso't move, but remains at right angles, The angle cannot be changed. The colurna and beam inust be made of strong but flexible materials. They ean be bent slightly, but the connection is, lunmoveable. STRUCTURE 6: Shear wall _____. This is a vertical steel plate or concrete slab that can resist sideways shear forces. I forias a wall with no windows or other openings His usually placed around a it shalt or stair well Language — Here are some ways of expressing ability and inability when tatking about properties: Active: These steel cables can resist tension. They are able to resist tension. Passive: This plastic can be stretched, but it cannot be compressed. Some adjectives have the suffixes -able and ble with a passive meaning, e.g. breakable = able to be broken (= you can break it); combustible = able to be burnt (= you can burn it). Negative prefixes, e.g. nonfunyi cannot be heard), non-portable, unbreakable, inaudible -prook waterproof (+ able to keep water out completely). resistant: heat resistant (- able to withstand heat) 6 Underline examples of the above in the text in 5. Example. The single diagonal is able to resist both tension and compression. 7 Rewrite these sentences to give the same meaning. Use can/eannot and the correct form of the words in brackets. 1 This plastic is heat-resistant and inflexible. (resist; bend) 2 Across brace is resistant to tension in two directions, (withstand) 3. These sunglasses are scratchproof, but not impact-re break) 4 The emergency generator is moveable by forklift but is not portable by hand. (move; carry) Example: | This plastic can resist heat and cannot be bent. ant. (scratch;3 Results Starthere 1 Test your knowledge ol safe electrical circuits. Put a tick next to the people if they yet electric shocks in these situations, (The correct answers are on page 112) 2 Work in groups, Discuss the reasons why people get (or don't get) electric shocks in the situations in 1. Explain your group's reasons to the class, Reading 3 Read these captions. Write in the figure numbers of the diagrains they describe. Fl ‘The person gets @ shook because Brig This syeiem is not Brig ‘There are no trees bel bore Sn er rr sarhed bi ate ouses the in conad, and so ie sjetenis Seutel wean act aren eat ony encore Bera Tre pevontucne raves, wapeopetoun ata ey Fatah po ashok pote ose Fg The prson tucos tana wo : intiearhedeytan ends arene does eos geass Dh Fg ___n in nonearhadayti, ato ues thee | Hiro sstussyinnic reac he + MEAGRSE man sep tone Sree ee lite, and thorsfore gels 2 ahosk The otter touches the ive ma Theretore he is safe, ‘erson can ovo any wie without a shack, Language Expressing cause: because, since, as Expressing result (or effleet): (and) so, (and) therefore, (and) as a result 4. Replace the word(s) in italics with the word(s) in brackets. Make any necessary changes in punctuation and word order. Example: 1 Ben touched an earthed live wire, and asa result he got a shock. 1 Ben got a shock because he touched an earthed live wire. (and as a resuli) 2 Ron touched an earthed neutral wire, and as « result he was sale. (because) 3. As Bill touched an unearthed wire, he didn't get a shock. (and so) 4 Bob touched a live wire when a tree touched a neutral wire, Therefore he got a shock. (because) Pete touched a live wire when a tree touched it. So he was safe, (since) 6 Since Tom and Del touched an unearthed wire, they got a shock. (and therefore)Vocabulary A group of verbs contain the idea of cause as part of their meaning, They have the suttix-en, for example strengthen (- to cause something to be stronger). Here is alist! harden (= soften), lengthen (# shorten), tighten (¢ darken), strengihien (= weaken), tighten (« loosen), widen, fatten, sharpen, straighten. 5 Replace the phrases in dalies with phrases using verbs from the above list ‘The torsion forces in the storm must have made the bridge weaker, ‘The purpose of adding carhon to stee! is to make it stranger. Long ago, humans used stones to make their file blades sharper and straigheer. In torging, metal is heated to make it softer. Then it is put in water to make it hard again. 5 Hot weather makes railway lines longer andl cold weather makes them shorter 6 Ifthe race has made the bike saddle looser, you should snake it tight with a spannet. Example. 1 The torsion forces in the storm must have weakened the bridge. Task 6 Work in small groups. Discuss this diagram with the rest of ‘your group. THE RIVET THEORY winter ‘This Is someone's theory of ea what might have caused the Titanic to sink s0 quickly. Do you agree with it? What else could have caused it? 7 Explain your group's opinion of the rivet theory to the rest of the class. 8 Work individually. Write an explanation of how faulty rivets could have caused the Titanée to sink so quickly. Use the ‘notes and Information from the diagram. Dimensions ef (2) hull plates {b) eivete i Percentage of elag in tron: i (a/nornal rivets (b) Pitenic rivets ' Btrect of alag on tron (gcrengrhen? weaken?) t at low levels? at high levele? cause of damage 1 iceberg Bits hull > bending force on plate’ > shear forces oa rivate 2 rivet head breaks > weakens other rivets 3 extra load > good rivers break > waer enters akip 4 water Ellis 5 or 6 compartments 9 ship sinks eo euiekly Regult: Cazpathia tec late, can’t rescue passengers I || Review Unit E 1 This pie chart Shows the percentage of students studying different subjects in an industrial college. Describe the chart using fractions ane! approximations: almost, less than, move thant just under, just over. nearly. qpproxinvately, exactly Begin: 1 Less than one wentieth of the students are studying software engineering. 2 Match these items. Instrument/Sensor What is measured/detected 1 police lidar a) weight 2 sound level meter b) distance (away) 2. scales ¢} distance (travelled) 4 radar ) position 5. GPS 2) height 6 odometer 1) louciness 7 altimeter @) speed 3 Change the direct questions into indirect questions. 1 How far has the eyclist travelled? (The odometer measures 2 How high is the plane above sea level? (The altimeter tells the pilot -..} 3 How fast did the car go? (The lidar equipment totd the police 4 How heavy is the boxer? (You should use these scales to check ...) 5. How far were the planes from the tower? (The radar system indicated ...) 6 Where are the motorboats? (The GPS system will tell you exactly ...) 7 How loud were the guitars fast night? (1 used @ sound level meter to find. out...) Example: 1 The odometer measures how far the cyclist has travelled.need auacred to Neh Change these questions into instructions. Use the verbs in brackets + Hat, 1 Ave the brakes actlusted correctly? (make sure) 2 Is the saddle tight and at the correct height? (check) 2. Is there any lubricant on the wheel rims? Gnake sure/ no lubricant) 4 Are the wheel spokes all at the same tension? (ensure) Example: I Please make sure that the brakes are aidjusted correctly 5 Fill in the gaps ‘The aim of the rigidity test is (1) — (discovers to discover) ife material (2) —_____ (deform) deforms} or (3) ____.__ (breaking/breaks) when it) __(is bendingfis bent) by a force. One end of the material (5) _{securesvis secured) in a clamp, su that the material (6) (holds/is held) horizontally with one cnd free. A weight (7) (attachesjis attached) to the ftee end, and then the load (8) _.._____ (is increasedis | increasing) by adding more weights. The breaking point (9) —____ (measures/is measured). This (10) _____{sbown/shows) us the rigidity of the material 6 Match the sentences. 1 it's flexible. a) When you heat it, it doesn’t burn or deform, 2 I's rigid, b) When you drop it or strike it, it doesn't break, 3 Is hard. ©) When you compress it, it doesn't break or 4 It's tough. deform, 5 It's elastic, 4) When you twist it. it doesn’t break or deform. 6 It's heat-resistant. ©) You can’t bend tt 7 W’sstrong in tension. 1) You can bend it, and tt doesn’t break, 8 It’s strong in 4) You can streteh it and make it longer, but it compression. doesn’t break. 9 Ithas torsional 1h) When you pullit, it doesn’t stretch or break, strength. 8) You can't serateh it or cut it. 7 Replace the phrases in italics with phrases using make/made + comparative adjective. 1 We need to bring some diggers here to deepen the trench, 2 Last year's small earthquakes have weakened the foundations. 3. The only way to strengthen the wails is to add braces between them. 4 You have to soften the metal before you can hammer it into shape. Example: I We need to bring some diggers here to make the french deeper. :FRAMETESE ws 30 eh Work in groups. Discuss these questions abjut the three car tests below. What is the purpose of each test? Which parts of the car are tested? What properties are tested? What is the procedure for each test? How Is each test done? What measurements are made after the test? How does a car pass the test? What is a good result for the car? Ia car fails 4 test, what would you recommend? ‘avorage woight | oracer: [4049 “average weight | 2120 Wy [50% ofthe plato: | more tan car) the oot must not bend mere than 15am paOP Test 15m. pow rest 10 SS Work individually. Use the notes from your group work, Write a description of the three tests, including this information ‘+ the objectives of each test ‘+ how to carry out each test ‘+ how to pass each test, Here are the results of a new car model (the Sunburst XJ22) in the three tests. Write a short report. + explain the results of each test «make recommendations NEW MODEL TESTED | Sunburst xJ22 FRAME TEST tof bent 3.2 om DROP TEST rpotbert 128 em POLLTEST remy was town 2.2 mfrom car11 Work in small groups. Choose one of the events below. and discuss these questions, © What caused the event? + What was the result of the event? + How can the event be prevented or managed? What actions should be taken? Events 1 The Columbia shuttle disaster (2003) 2. Loss of the Ariane 5 super racket (2003) 3 The Indian Ocean ‘Tsunami (20104) fbawner: 2. tempted re-entry: 1 2221 ane Aone 5 Yeunn'2000 {Feb 3009 fstoe ot ro Fam tm enteral Cr eeg oj ennd Rose saMnAceey yin see epee 2 naos Sod et recor ate and dontegratos poumeani, 3 22 Rost te inact teres etter ese + eta ros 5 Tao stale om Beate doron quake devas a mou oars coaaon a an 3 host rar ah eae ay «pecan onset ieee Eeiet at ar es aac ees 2 Spite cave cto ond PAU fend Sate ‘onroaetng agen sping ‘ach nave ha Sorptese uma ‘he wart’ binges! quake in 4D yoars unleashed wale of water tat a ‘Sette a Sayre se devastated cosines around he inlen Ocean 12. Report your group's ideas to the class. Answer their questions, Project 13. Find out about an important test in your Industry. Get information about * the objectives of the test + the test procedure results 14. Give a short talk about this to the class.af Drea ted0) 1 Working robots Starthere 1 Brainstorm with a partner: What kind of working robots have you heard about? What jobs do they «io? Scanning 2 Practise your specd reading. Look for the information you need on the SPEED SEARCH pages (118-119), Try to be the first to complete the task. Task: Answer these questions about robots. ‘+ What percentage of the world’s robots work in car assembly? + Which country has about half of the world’s robots? + How far have the Mars robots Spirit anel Opportunity travelled on Mars? Ustening 3 Look at these robots. What «lo you think they do? 4) EHH Listen to these interviews with participants at an industrial robot convention. Which robots Gn 3) are the speakers talking about? 5 Listen again. Each participant mentions some strengths and weaknesses of the robots, and suggests some Improvements. Complete the form,6 GZEME Listen to part of the first interview again. Speaking 7 _Qooupaion af user aa Funan ar equa hase | Sosteaton fea Howiorke Sore ‘Nam omplete this transeript with the correct form of the words in the box. advantage disadvantage drawback suggest could should that strength woakness woulé So what are the (1) advantages of the SnakeBot? PL: Well its main (2) ____is that it can twist around things like irdets, pipes and seaffoliting Excellent, So, would you say that it has any (3) or a —? PA: Yes, ats main (5) — every movement with a joystick is (6) — ___ you have to controt So, in the future, how (7) —____ you (8) ___.._ that it @ be improved? Pi: Welt, 1(10) ___ suggest (11) —______you (12) __ design a voice-activated SrakeBot. Tell the class about the strengths and weaknesses of some of these products and/or any others you have problems with. Suggest improvements, computer keyboard, MP3 player, earphones, sunylasses, mobile phone, digital camera, TV remote Work in pairs, A and B, Student A. 1 Yoware conducting a sutvey of people who use robots in thelr work. Ask B. about their robot and make notes in the form, 2 Turn to page 113 for information about you and your robot, Answer B's ‘questions. Student B, 1 Turn to page 116 for information about you and your robot. Answer A's questions. 2 You are conducting a survey of people wha use robots in their work, Ask A about their robot and make notes in the form. |Wesknessies) Seago inprvemont) etre tt ct Writing 9 Write a short report about your partner's robot and how it could be improved. Use the information from the form, De 22 |]2 Eco-f ndly planes Starthere 1 What do you know about the forces which act on a plane? + Label the diagram with these words: thrust, weight, drag, lit + Explain the role of the engine, Siecion gravity, friction and shape of aman ‘wing in these forces 4 Resding 2 Read this magazine article and write the plane design nurnbers in the gaps. Eco-friendly PLANES of the future ‘Hore are four designs for fulure passenger planes. The aim ofall tho ‘designe is to reduce drag (or fdetion of the wing against the alr). As a resuit, they will al consumo loss ful, and cause less damage to the environment. ‘In Design ‘the rear of the fuselage doesn't taper to a point Instead, i's a cone with curved sides and a flat top (not @ point), shaped Ike a lampshade, Between tho cone and tho engine there Is ea intake port which goes around the whole fuselage ike @ ring. Here a fan sucks in ir and expels I rom the end of the cone, This design makes the sir tiow smaothly across the rear of the fuselage, end reduoes trition, As a result, the plane needs three-fiths loss engine thrust, and the fuel consumption ie cone-fith lower. Design uses diagonal struts {er braces) to supgort the aireratts swings. On each side of the plane, there are diagonal stuts trot the tail and fuselage to the wingtips. These strengthen the wings. As a resuil, wings can, be longer. stronger but much lighter. This means that the wings weigh two- thirds lees than normal wings, which reduces wing dreg, The results that the engine needs 20% loss thrust then today’s plane engines, and the fuel consumption is one quarter less. Design re-uses a technology from the past: propeltors. A et \urbing drives specially-shapad propellers thal make the airflow smoothly and reduce wing drag. Although this type of engine Is slower (wth a top ‘speed of 675 km per hour) and noisier than today's jel engines, it consumes much less ‘uel (almost a third loss). Thi plane will perfarm best on shorter flights of less than 3000 ken, Design ‘combinas the wings and fuselage into a singlo tiangular structure, Three engines are placed al the rear, arid the wingtips are bbent upwards, As a resuit, the drag and engine thrust are over one-tenth lower than in today’s plano, and fusl consumption is a quarter less, One ‘disadvantage ofthis design fs that the fuselage ‘s flat, not eylindeal, and so, iA may not resist ar pressure at high etitudes. But an important advantage ts thatthe plana fs much quieter than today's planes, Sect Neg3 The designers of the new pianes in 2 worked from the design briet below, Discuss with your partner and choose: the best design (the one closest to the design brief) + the worst design (the one furthest from the design brief) DESIGN BRIEF FOR NEW PASSENGER PLANE 1 The need Environmental issues ace very important day. Global warming and noa-senewable energy resources fuel aul (2) eit fess greenhouse gis iauy dhe atmosphere. fr addicion, (2) noise pollution has vo be reduced tte major problems. Iris necessary co design aerophnes which will (a) use 2 Problems with current designs Asroplanes today have « number of design seeaknesses. The shape of wings and fuselages ereate friction or drag), so tha zr noc flow smoothly over thems. [a addition, wing lve to be strong, and a a resule they ace very heavy. This sesults in move engine thrust, more fuel consumpcion and more carbo. emisions. Avother problem is dbat engine noise ie high, 3. Requirements for new design Desig 2 neve plane which will consume a lease 20% fess Fuel. The shape and design ofthe new wing ando: fuselage needs 0 allow air eo flow more smoothly. As s result, engine thrust and drag must be teduced by at least 10%, The wingspan should be Tonge but fewer materials maust be used andthe wing must be fighter than cusrent planes, The shape of the fselage can be changed, but it must zemain cplinddcal and pressore-resistant for passenger safety, Current noise level must not be increased. Task 4 Work in small groups. Follow your group's design brief to design an improved product, Draw a diagram and write a description. Include this information. ‘You ean add more features. function shape anc appearance main parts dimensions materials and properties ‘operation (how it works) cost method of manufacture safety features Group A. Your design brief is on page 111. Group B. Your design briet is on page 113. Group C. Your design brief is on page 114. Group D. Your design brief is on page 116, 5. Present your new design to the class. 6 Listen to the presentations by the other groupis). ‘+ Does their design meet the briet? Tell them why/why not. ‘+ Tell them the advantages and disadvantages of their design.3 Free-flying sails 4 What problems does this design help to solve? Listening 2 PXZEEB Listen to this designer giving a presentation about the traction kite. Put her index card notes into “the correct order by numbering them 1-12. Waterlals and properties Advantages Kite: made of polyester ‘Start here apt er Serie) Wind pewvar a renawabe acute Proparios: gh, fexbie Spa ese eae ae ighivelgr, high lansie seen soyaes iow retin, Catton sristons ave rhe Lea experisies tor shig Banas 4 ® @ Parts and functions The kite caictes the wine, te nas wo large sails Kite puils ship with 6000 hip Sails attached to laige ovet ‘Wien wind direction changes, saloon. kite is untiad from ship end Patoon iilas with nelian ‘revel to another cient ship. 9 @ Need Sensors on sails detoct air argo ships weigh tens of pressuo and air speed, and send ‘mousends of tons. aia to the computers, Computers Digsel oil non-renewable and control speed and direction, expensive, "Need to use less ol, therefore use Kite conngsted to cont ship vena oneray ar means oF sis. using strong cable ° sina capsule suspended {ror tralloon. Capaule contains & ‘anan ore an computers. Greet audience (don't forget) Objective of presentation “Tote audience about new "sti it for cargo sings an ‘supertankers, : | OF; og . Problem other designs use mast end sal ‘ged parmanortly 10a shie. This is very expensive, oO Operation Kite crew stocr kite to client ship. They drap cabo down ta ship. Ship's crow attach cable to front ip. Desiga briet To design a traction kite (a) strong enough fo pul a taro ‘cargo ship through water and {©} temoveabio trom ship whan there is no wind Dimensions. | Wingspan: 120 m. | ‘Area cl sail: 5000 nv. 1 ‘Atfiuce: 360 m above sea level. I3 The speaker introduces each section using signpost phrases and questions, Complete the phrases. Use the words in the box once only. aim brings finally let's mention move need problem stat tak turn Speaker's headings Speaker's words Greeting Goad maming everyone, and thanks for coming, Objective Signpost: The (1) Of this short presentation is t tll you sinut our new tiachon kite Signpost: ke to (2) boy asking a question. Neo a ‘Question: Why do we (3) — a traction kite? Problem Cusco: So hace the a) wat ote dosigns sats? Design briet Signpost Aad thas) ro our design bie. Sig post Now bt’ (6) on to maton, ttteals and son: Hats neaton isa of? Proper ‘Question: And whai are the proporties of the materials? Pars and tunctons SRA Sono look al the main parts fe action kt, a th Question: Se how ig his ite? Dimensions ‘Question: an haw Fgh aes 9? Signpost: Let's (8) ___. ____at some dimensions. es Sianpost Allright, now ets (2) to the operation of th it, Operation Question: How does it work? pevanages Signpost And (10) rake to 11 some of the advantages othe action tt 4 Listen again to the presentation. Check your answers to 3. Speaking 5 Make short presentations based on these sets of notes. Lise signpost phrases dr questions to signal when you move to the next point. razzine GREETING OBIECTIVE: talk about 2Phone AlMe describe MP3 player 4 68 TECMOLOGE: muLEL-touch dieplay; QHRTY SIZE AND WEIGHT: $0 x40 x6.88 mm, dieplay Soft keyboard St mm yighe 0.025 5 FUNCTION: Phone 4s multi-functional (1) wedia player; (2) mobile phone; MATERIALS: stainless eteol body, polymer display (3) internec CONTROLS: click wheel centra button: headphone (2) MEDIA FEATURES: wide 88.9 mm port: USB port touchsereen for music, video, TV shows, Filme OFERATION:insert earphone jackin sockets preoo tention click whest screll co tin elect tune click contre button ACCESSORIES: headphones, UGE connector, leather orplastic cover, belt attacient: (2) PHONE FEATURES: name or ounber on soreen, and click; voicemail; caveza (3) INTERNET FEATURES: email and web brouser; transfers bocknarks from PC/ | Nac; built-in Google and Yahoo! asarch | TaNKs THANKSStart here tual ook uta caps Task Writing 1 Zero emission 1 Work wit questions. a partner, Discuss these * What are zero-emission cars? + How do they help the environment? + What technology do they use? 2 How do you think this car works? Discuss with your partner. Ete fuel ool ute-capactor t (ED cD —>| ry Ete raceme 3. The inventors of the above car combined two different technologies — fuel cells and capacitors ~ to invent a new power system. Work in pairs. Find out about them: Student A. Find out about hydlrogen fuel cells on page 115. Student B. Find out about capacitors on page 117. 4. Explain to your partner how your technology works, 5. Join up with other pairs to work in small groups, Decide how the inventors combined the two technologies together to produce the car in 2 6 Explain your group's ideas to the class. 7 You are a TV journalist. You are going to interview one of the inventors of the Hydro-X car using these notes. Write questions to ask the inventor. Hew spoof car needed? Wing? potces emireniont? Problems vite current cars? Fatraicesnl engines? Other hydrogen flee cars? Naw Hydro Xear... Mesieum epeea (anh) Range fr)? Accalarstion? Erisione? 1 Hydra-kbased on... wat-techneloay? © Advantages of new HycroX? : {Components Fatal. Power output]? keaton fonteatderncach Why lestad there? ‘Mote... Location? Our (2M)? : © Contretnt.. Function Punpose? © r © thm aio Fann acta Why ated thee? : Iyeogenstengoane Let? cope (Ug by cometal tofu cele i fepmp Wy nessed? : Cpa tow trey Kwek. tating? Cig rag i? :Reading 8 Read the press release and tind answers to the questions you have written. The new Hydro-X hydrogen fuel cell car — information for the news media Need The exvieonmant aces co be proscuted, Consumption of fol Fuel as fall. Lnissions of greenhouse gases excbon dioxide, niuous onde, and methine) mea the aenoapheve tn be raced Problems Peto and lies! eagles consume pos maa Foss fc] and emit toa much grendioune ga, Hsdecgen fucl ells sole this problem, In hey ae uty too heavy and have fow acceleration Solution ‘he new Hyciro-X isa ac with a lghseighe hydrogen fuel ell. Irean accelerate quickly und cause ac high peed of 160 kaw, has x sange of £80 kn, Tes only emision s water pone Technology ts cris base cn two teshnelogies: the Inydeogen fuel cell andthe elua-capictor. An lita capacitor isa powerfal capacitor which provides enough opt for fst sccelettion. Advantages The lic] cl inthis vehicle i smalls auc lighter than the ones used in other veils, bexause i aot nected foe aecaesatio rer. However, also more powerfsl because ofthe alurcapacits, Components The feel! posi wder the oor to provide more space, provides maximum output of ‘As res, the wehicle is 93 KAW. The mater, mounted beeneen the front wheels provides high outpus (90 KW) and powerful orque (276 Ne, The eantrel unit, located over the mintor comols the wlecticl systems. The weve-cepacizor stat aus angle behind the carseat eo increase Inggage space, delivecsimmediatc high-ouzput power ding sartup and. acceleration, and recovers energy generared diving braking The Iydragen sonage tants, placed undse the rca sea, cao be filed with 168.3 L of compressed hydrogen ges. There connected 0 the fs! cell by special pipes. The air pump, mounted directly on the motor, supplies the fs! cll wich nygen. ‘Operation There arc four stages. Avcleaton. Power comes frome both the ultaccapacicor and che fel cello provide rowerfbl acceleration (See Big). 2 Steady speed. Poveer cores from the fue cell, buc nor from the capacitor (See Fig ——.).3 Deceertian The ules ‘apacior absorbs che energy released duting deceleration and stores iewieh power from the Pel ell (See Fig ), 4 Sepped. ‘There no pose from the fuel cel ‘The electricity neoded to operate the air conditioner and ‘other components is supplied by the ulta-apecitor (See Fig), 9 The figure mumbers are missing from the final paragraph In 8. Fillin the gaps. Refer to the diagrams in 2 Speaking 10 Roleplay the interview between the journalist and the inventor. Language These sentences mean the same. The words In the box can be omitted to keep: the same meaning, The utiracapacitor recovers the energy released during deceleration * The ultra-capaciter recovers the energy released during deceleration. ‘The words in blue are an example of a reduced relative clause. 11. Undertine the reduced relative clauses in these sentences. 1 The Hydro-X fuel cell is lighter than the ones used in other vehicles. The fuel cell, positioned under the floor, provides an output of 93 KW. The motor, located between the front wheels, provides a powerful torque. The fuel tanks, placed under the rear seat, are filled with hydrogen. The ultra-capacitor absorbs the energy released during braking, The electricity needed to operate the lights comes from the wltra- capacitor, aaeun 12. Insert one of these phrases where possible in each sentence above, and in eight places in 8 which is, which are