jD;a;h

ye¢kaùu (-
fuu wÈhrfhys§ jD;a;h iy mrdj,h ms<sn|j wOHhkh lrkq ,efí' fuys§ jD;a;hl
wrh iy flakaøh weiqßka" jD;a;hl iólrKfha iïu; wdldrh ms<sn| úia;r flfrkq
we;' ;jÿrg;a jD;a;hl idudkH wdldrfha iólrKhla" mQ¾K j¾.h Ndú;fhka iïu;
wdldrhg yerùu ms<sn|j jD;a;hl iólrKh u; tys wrh yd flakaøh y÷kd .kakd
wdldrh iy jD;a;hla m%ia:dr .;lrk wdldrh ms<sn|jo meyeÈ,s lrkq ,efí' mrdj,hl
iólrKh iy tys úfYaI ,laIK o úia;rd;aulj meyeÈ,s lrkq ,efí'

4'2'1 jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu; wdldrfhka m%ldY lsÍu (-

^wrh yd flakaøh weiqßka&
jD;a;hla hkq" ksYaÑ; ,laIHlg ^flakaøhg) iudk ÿßka msysá ,laIHkaf.a m:h
jD;a;hla f,i ye¢kafõ'
flakaøfha LKavdxlh (a, b) iy jD;a;h u; ,CIHl LKavdxlh (x, y) f,i we;s jD;a;hla
ie,ls,a,g .ksuq' fuu jD;a;fha wrh r fõ kï" fï ish,a, my; i|yka rEm igykska
fmkaúh yel
x

(x, y)

(a, b)

my; mßÈ iDcqfldaKS ;s%fldaKhla ks¾udKh lr thg mhs;.ria m%fïh fh§fuka" my; i|yka
iólrKh ,nd.; yel'
 y

x, y

r 𝑟𝑟 (y -b)

(a, b)
(x -a)

r2 = (x -a)2 + (y -b)2
(x -a)2 + (y -b)2 = r2
fuh jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu; wdldrhg m%ldY lsÍu f,i ye\skafõ'
jD;a;hl flakaøfha LKavdxl yd wrh okakd úg" jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu;
wdldrfhka m%ldY lsÍfï yelshdj we;'

ksoiqka 1
flakaøh ^5" 7& iy wrh 4 jk jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu; wdldrhg m%ldY lrkak'
(x -a)2 + (y -b)2 = r2
(x -5)2 + (y -7)2 = 16
ksoiqka 2
jD;a;hl flakaøh iy ^3" -5& iy jD;a;fha mßêh u; ,CIHhla ^-1" -8& o fõ'
fuu jD;a;fha iólrKh iïu; wdldrfhka m%ldY lrkak'
wrh fiùu (-
r2 = (3 - (-1)2 + -5 - (-8) 2
r2 = (4)2 + ( 3)2
r2 = 16 + 9
r = 25
jD;a;fha iólrKh (-
(x -3)2 + (y +5)2 = 25
4'2'2 idudkH wdldrfha jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu; wdldrhg yerùu
idudkH wdldrfha jD;a;hl iólrKhla ;=< x iy y ys j¾. mo iy tys m<uq n,fha
moo ksh; mohla o wvx.= fõ'
my; i|yka jkafka" jD;a;hla iólrKh idudkH wdldrfhks'
x2 + y2 -2x -4y -4 = 0
fuh iïu; wdldrhg yerùfï§ wmg j¾. mQ¾Kh Ndú;d l, yel' tkï"
x2 - 2x + y2 -4y = 4
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 4y = 4 + 1
(x2 - 2x + 1) + (y2 - 4y +4) = 4 + 1 +4
(x -1)2 + (y -2)2 = 9
tfiau iïu; wdldrhg m%ldY lr we;s jD;a;hl iólrKh idudkH wdldrfhka o m%ldY
l< yel' ta i|yd iïu; wdldrfha iólrKh m%idrKh l<hq;= fõ'
jD;a;hl iólrKh (x + 11)2 + (y - 9)2 = 16 kï" th m%idrKh l< úg"
x2 + 22x + 121 +y2 -18y + 81 = 16
x2 + y2 +22x -18y + 186 = 0
fuh idudkH wdldrfha jD;a;hl iólrKhla fõ'

ksoiqka 3
jD;a;hl iólrKh iïu; wdldrfhka m%ldY l<úg ^x - 2.5)2 + (y + 3.5)2 = 10
kï" tys iólrKh idudkH idudkH wdldrfhka m%ldY lrkak'
(x - 2.5 )2 + (y + 3.5)2 = 10
x2 - 5x + 6.25 +y2 +7y + 12.25 = 10
x2 + y2 - 5x +7y +8.5 = 10

jD;a;hl § we;s iólrKh weiqßka tys wrh iy flakaøfha LKavdxl o m%ldY l< yel'
flfia fj;;a fï i|yd § we;s iólrKh iïu; wdldrfhka úh hq;= fõ' iïu;
wdldrfha iólrKhlska tys wrh yd flakaøh meyeÈ,sj y÷kd.; yel'
iïu; wdldrfhka jd;a;hl iólrKh kej; i,ld n,uq'
(x - a )2 + (y - b)2 = r2 by; jD;a;hl iñlrKhla wdldrhg ,shQ úg" tys a iy b
hkq" flakaøfha LKavdxl o r hkq" jD;a;fha wrh fõ'
(x - 3)2 + (y - 9)2 = 9 hk iólrKh ie,l+ úg" fuys flakaøh jkafka ^3" 9& h'
wrh o 3 fõ'
 (x - 3)2 + (y + 9)2 = 32 hk iñlrKh ie,l+úg" fuys iïu; wdldrh jkafka"
x - (-3)2 + (y - (9)2 = 32 hkakh' wmg fuu iólrKhg wkqj flakaøh f,i ^-3" -9&
fmkajd § we;'

ksoiqka 4'
x2 -6x + y2 +14y + 33) = 0 hk iólrKfha flakaøh iy wrh fidhkak'
(x2 - 6x + 9) + (y2 + 14y +49) = -33 +9 + 49
(x - 3)2 + (y + 7)2 = 52
flakaøh (3, -7) yd wrh 5 fõ'

4'2'3 jD;a;hla m%ia:dr.; lsÍu

jD;a;hla m%ia:dr .; lsrSu i|yd m<uqj wm jD;a;fha iólrKh ±k isáh hq;=
fõ' ke;fyd;a jD;a;fha flakaøfha LKavdxl yd wrh okafkakï" jD;a;hl o< rEm
igykla ksrEmkh l< yel'

fï i|yd m<uqj flakaøh ia:dms; l, hq;= fõ' bkamiq flakaøh msysá ia:dkfha
isg" by<ska" my<ska" jfuka iy ol=Kq me;sj,ska wrfha È. ,l=Kq l, hq;=h' ±ka wmg
flakaøh iy jD;a;fha mßêh u; ,CIH 4 la ,eî we;s neúka o< rEm igykla ks¾udKh
l, yel'

ksoiqka 5
(x - 4)2 + (y - 2)2 = 25 jD;a;fha o< rEm igykla w¢kak'
(4, 2), wrh 5
mßêh u; ^by<& ,CIHh (4, 2 + 5) = (4, 7)
mßêh u; ^my<& ,CIHh (4, 2 - 5) = (4, -3)
mßêh u; ^jïmi& ,CIHh (4 -5, 2) = (-1, 2)
mßêh u; ^ol=Kq mi& ,CIHh (4 +5, 2) = (9, 2)

by; ,CIH ldáiSh ;,hla u; ,l=Kq lsÍfuka jD;a;hl o< rEm igyk we¢h yel'
 y

2 4 6

4'2'4 jD;a;hl iólrKh yd LKavdxl cHdñ;sh Ndú;fhka .Ks; .eg`M úi£u

iuyr .Ks; .eg`M úi£ug" jD;a;hl iólrKh iy LKavdxl cHdñ;sl fldgia Ndú;d
l< yel' tu ksid tjeks .eg`M úi|k wdldrh ms<sn| my; i|yka jk ksoiqka u`.ska
Tng meyeÈ,s jkq we;'

ksoiqk 6
jD;a;hl iólrKfha iïu; wdldrh l=ulao@ ^3" 7& hk ,CIHh"
x2 + y2 - 6x -8y -11 = 0 hk jD;a;h we;=,; msysá ,CIHhla nj fmkajkak'
(x -a)2 + (y - 6)2 = r2
x2 + y2 -6x -8y = 11
(x2 + 6x + 9) + (y2 -8y + 16) = 11 + 9 + 16
(x = 3)2 + (y - 4)2 = 36
flakaøfha LKavdxl ^3" 4& iy wrh 6 o fõ'

flakaøfha isg ^3" 7& ,CIHhg we;s ÿr"

= √(3−3)2 + (4 − 7)2

= √02 + (−3)2
=3
 kuq;a jD;a;fha wrh 6 ls' flakaøfha isg ^3" 7& ,CIHhg we;s ÿr" wrhg jvd wvqjk neúka
fuu ,CIHh jD;a;h we;=,; msysá ,CIHhla njg ikd: l< yel'

idrdxYh ( -
 jD;a;hl iólrKfha iïu; wdldrh jkafka" (x - a)2 + (y - b)2 = r2
 jD;a;hl iólrKh weiqßka tys wrh iy flakaøfha LKavdxl m%ldY l< yel'
 jD;a;hl flakaøfha LKavdxl yd tys wrh okafkakï" tu jD;a;h m%ia:dr .;l<
yel'