Unit 8 MCQs [53 marks]

1. Which solution is basic at 25 °C? [1 mark]

Kw = 1.0 × 10−14
A. [H+] = 1.0 × 10−3 mol dm−3
B. [OH−] = 1.0 × 10−13 mol dm−3
C. solution of pH = 4.00
D. [H3O +] = 1.0 × 10−13 mol dm−3

2. Which is not a source of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen? [1 mark]

A. burning coal
B. internal combustion engines
C. burning methane
D. volcanic eruptions

3. What is the pH of 0.001 mol dm−3 NaOH (aq)? [1 mark]

A. 1
B. 3
C. 11
D. 13

4. What is the major reason why the pH of unpolluted rain is less than 7? [1 mark]
A. methane
B. carbon dioxide
C. nitrogen oxides
D. sulfur dioxide
5. Which two species act as Brønsted–Lowry acids in the reaction? [1 mark]
H2PO4− (aq) + OH− (aq) ⇌ HPO42− (aq) + H2O (l)

A. HPO42− (aq) and OH− (aq)

B. H2PO4− (aq) and HPO42− (aq)
C. HPO42− (aq) and H2O (l)
D. H2PO4− (aq) and H2O (l)

6. What is the order of increasing pH for the following solutions of the same [1 mark]
concentration?

A. HCl (aq) < NH3 (aq) < NaOH (aq) < CH3COOH (aq)
B. CH3COOH (aq) < HCl (aq) < NH3 (aq) < NaOH (aq)
C. HCl (aq) < CH3COOH (aq) < NH3 (aq) < NaOH (aq)
D. NaOH (aq) < NH3 (aq) < CH3COOH (aq) < HCl (aq)

7. Which classification is correct for the reaction? [1 mark]

H2PO4−(aq) + H2O(l) → HPO42−(aq) + H3O +(aq)

8. What are the products of the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium [1 mark]
hydrogen carbonate?
A. NaSO4 + H2O + CO2
B. Na2SO4 + CO2
C. Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
D. NaSO4 + H2CO3
9. Activity series of selected elements: [1 mark]
K, Ca, Al, Fe, H, Cu, Ag, Au
greatest activity ←−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− least activity
Which react with dilute sulfuric acid?
I. Cu
II. CuO
III. CuCO3
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

10. Which statement is correct? [1 mark]

A. A strong acid is a good proton donor and has a strong conjugate base.
B. A weak acid is a poor proton acceptor and has a strong conjugate base.
C. A strong acid is a good proton donor and has a weak conjugate base.
D. A strong base is a good proton donor and has a weak conjugate acid.

11. What will happen if the pressure is increased in the following reaction [1 mark]
mixture at equilibrium?
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ⇌ H+ (aq) + HCO3− (aq)
A. The equilibrium will shift to the right and pH will decrease.
B. The equilibrium will shift to the right and pH will increase.
C. The equilibrium will shift to the left and pH will increase.
D. The equilibrium will shift to the left and pH will decrease.

12. 10.0 cm3 of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide of pH = 10 is mixed [1 mark]

with 990.0 cm3 of distilled water. What is the pH of the resulting solution?
A. 8
B. 9
C. 11
D. 12

–3
13. Which statement is incorrect for a 0.10 mol dm –3 HCOOH solution? [1 mark]
A. pH = 1
B. [H+] << 0.10 mol dm –3
C. [HCOO–] is approximately equal to [H+]
D. HCOOH is partially ionized

14. Which is an acid-base conjugate pair? [1 mark]

A. H3O + / OH–
B. H2SO4 / SO42–
C. CH3COOH / H3O +
D. CH3NH3+ / CH3NH2

15. Which 1.0 moldm–3 solution has the highest pH? [1 mark]
A. Ammonium chloride
B. Sulfuric acid
C. Sodium chloride
D. Ammonia

16. Which of the following is correct? [1 mark]

A. A weak acid is a proton donor and its aqueous solution shows good
conductivity.
B. A weak acid is a proton donor and its aqueous solution shows poor
conductivity.
C. A weak acid is a proton acceptor and its aqueous solution shows good
conductivity.
D. A weak acid is a proton acceptor and its aqueous solution shows poor
conductivity.

17. Which species behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases in the following [1 mark]

reaction?
H2SO4 + HNO3 H2NO 3+ + HSO4-
A. HNO3 and HSO4-
B. HNO3 and H2NO 3+
C. H2SO4 and HSO4-
D. H2NO 3+ and HSO4-
18. Which is a conjugate Brønsted–Lowry acid-base pair? [1 mark]

A. CH3COO− / H3O +
B. H2O / CH3COO−
C. H2O / H3O +
D. CH3COOH / H2O

19. What occurs when solid sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with aqueous [1 mark]
sulfuric acid?
A. Bubbles of sulfur dioxide form.
B. Bubbles of both hydrogen and carbon dioxide form.
C. Bubbles of hydrogen form.
D. Bubbles of carbon dioxide form.

20. Which of the following gases does not result in acid deposition? [1 mark]
A. CO2
B. NO2
C. NO
D. SO2

21. A student carried out a titration to determine the concentration of an acid [1 mark]
and found that his value had good precision but poor accuracy. Which
process explains this outcome?
A. Consistently overshooting the volume of solution from the burette into the
flask.
B. Collection of insufficient titration data.
C. Reading the meniscus in the burette at a different angle each time.
D. Forgetting to rinse the flask after one of the titrations.

22. Which gas in the atmosphere causes the pH of unpolluted rain to be [1 mark]
approximately 6?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Sulfur dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Nitrogen
23. Which compound is a strong acid? [1 mark]
A. NH3
B. HNO3
C. H2 CO3
D. CH3 COOH

24. 10.0 cm3 of a solution of a strong acid with a pH of 3 is added to a [1 mark]

volumetric flask and the total volume is made up to 1.00 dm 3 by adding distilled
water. The resulting solution is then thoroughly mixed.
What is the pH of the diluted solution?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 5

25. A student adds 0.3 g of magnesium metal to equal volumes of [1 mark]

hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid of the same concentrations in
separate flasks. Which statement is correct?
A. Hydrochloric acid reacts more rapidly as it has a higher pH than ethanoic
acid.
B. A greater total volume of H2 gas is produced with hydrochloric acid than with
ethanoic acid.
C. The same total volume of H2 gas is produced with both hydrochloric acid and
ethanoic acid.
D. Ethanoic acid reacts more slowly because it has a lower pH than hydrochloric
acid.

26. Which are acid-base pairs according to the Brønsted‒Lowry theory? [1 mark]
I. HNO3 /NO−
3

II. H3 O+ /OH−
III. HCOOH/HCOO−
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

3
27. A solution of 50 cm3 hydrochloric acid has a pH of 4. What is the final pH [1 mark]
if 450 cm3 of water is added?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6

28. Which compound reacts with calcium oxide, CaO? [1 mark]

A. K2 O
B. Na2 O
C. SO2
D. MgO

29. What are the conjugate acid–base pairs in the following reaction? [1 mark]

HCO− −
3 (aq) + H2 O(l) ⇌ OH (aq) + H2 CO 3 (aq)

30. Which group of three compounds contains only weak acids and bases? [1 mark]
31. A solution of acid HX has a pH = 1 and a solution of acid HY has a pH = 3. [1 mark]
Which statement must be correct?
A. HX is a stronger acid than HY.
B. HY is a stronger acid than HX.
C. The [H+ ] in the solution of HX is 100 times greater than the [H+ ] in the
solution of HY.
D. The [H+ ] in the solution of HY is 100 times greater than the [H+ ] in the
solution of HX.

32. Which list contains only strong bases? [1 mark]

A. ammonia, sodium hydroxide, ethylamine
B. potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium hydroxide
C. lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide
D. ammonia, ethylamine, barium hydroxide

33. Which products would be formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with [1 mark]
magnesium oxide?
A. magnesium chloride and carbon dioxide
B. magnesium chloride, hydrogen gas and water
C. magnesium, hydrogen gas and water
D. magnesium chloride and water

34. Which row correctly describes 1.0 mol dm−3 NaOH(aq)? [1 mark]

35. What is the Brønsted–Lowry conjugate base of H2 PO− ? [1 mark]

4
A. H3 PO4
B. HPO2−
4

C. PO3−
4

D. HO−
36. Three aqueous solutions of nitric acid are listed below. [1 mark]
W. 0.100 mol dm−3 HNO3 (aq)
X. 0.001 mol dm−3 HNO3 (aq)
Y. 0.010 mol dm−3 HNO3 (aq)
What is the correct order of increasing pH of these solutions?
A. W<X<Y
B. W<Y<X
C. X<W<Y
D. X<Y<W

37. Which descriptions are correct for both a Brønsted–Lowry acid and a [1 mark]
Lewis acid?

38. What is the pH of the solution formed when 10 cm3 of HCl(aq) with pH 1.0 [1 mark]
is added to 990 cm3 of water?
A. 1.5
B. 2.0
C. 2.5
D. 3.0

39. Consider the equilibrium below. [1 mark]

CH3 CH2 COOH(aq) + H2 O(l) ⇌ CH3 CH2 COO− (aq) + H3 O+ (aq)

Which species represent a conjugate acid-base pair?
A. CH3 CH2 COOH and H2 O
B. H2 O and CH3 CH2 COO−
C. H3 O+ and H2 O
D. CH3 CH2 COO− and H3 O+
40. Which is not a conjugate acid-base pair? [1 mark]
A. HNO3 and NO−
3

B. CH3 COOH and CH3 COO−

C. H3 O+ and OH−
D. HSO− 2−
4 and SO 42

41. Which 0.10 mol dm−3 solution would have the highest conductivity? [1 mark]
A. HCl
B. NH3
C. CH3 COOH
D. H2 CO3

42. The pH of a solution changes from pH = 2 to pH = 5. What happens to [1 mark]

the concentration of the hydrogen ions during this pH change?
A. It decreases by a factor of 1000
B. It increases by a factor of 1000
C. It decreases by a factor of 100
D. It increases by a factor of 100

43. What is the conjugate base of H2 CO 3 according to the Brønsted-Lowry [1 mark]

theory?
A. CO2−
3

B. HCO−
3

C. H3 CO+
3
D. CO2

44. A solution of acid A has a pH of 1 and a solution of acid B has a pH of 2. [1 mark]

Which statement must be correct?
A. Acid A is stronger than acid B.
B. [A] > [B].
C. The concentration of H+ ions in A is higher than in B.
D. The concentration of H+ ions in B is twice the concentration of H+ ions in A.
45. Which species behave as Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reversible [1 mark]
reaction?

H2 PO− − 2−
4 (aq) + CN (aq) ⇌ HCN(aq) + HPO4 (aq)

A. HCN and CN−

B. HCN and HPO2−
4

C. H2 PO− 2−
4 and HPO4
D. HCN and H2 PO−
4

46. Which of the following are weak acids in aqueous solution? [1 mark]
I. CH3 COOH
II. H2 CO3
III. HCl

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

47. What is the formula of the conjugate base of the hydrogenphosphate ion, [1 mark]
HPO2−4 ?
A. H2 PO−
4
B. H3 PO4
C. HPO−
4

D. PO3−
4

48. Which pH value is that of an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide? [1 mark]

A. 2.1
B. 5.6
C. 9.8
D. 12.2

−3
49. For equal volumes of 1.0 mol dm−3 solutions of hydrochloric acid, [1 mark]
HCl(aq), and methanoic acid, HCOOH(aq), which statements are correct?
I. HCl dissociates more than HCOOH
II. HCl is a better electrical conductor than HCOOH
III. HCl will neutralize more NaOH than HCOOH
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

50. When equal volumes of four 0.1 mol dm −3 solutions are arranged in order[1 mark]
of increasing pH (lowest pH first), what is the correct order?
A. CH3 COOH < HNO3 < CH3 CH2 NH2 < KOH
B. HNO3 < CH3 COOH < CH3 CH2 NH2 < KOH
C. CH3 CH2 NH2 < HNO3 < CH3 COOH < KOH
D. KOH < CH3 CH2 NH2 < CH3 COOH < HNO3

51. Which are definitions of an acid according to the Brønsted-Lowry and [1 mark]
Lewis theories?

52. Which list contains only strong acids? [1 mark]

A. CH3 COOH, H2 CO3 , H3 PO4
B. HCl, HNO3 , H2 CO3
C. CH3 COOH, HNO3 , H2 SO4
D. HCl, HNO3 , H2 SO4

HClO
 53. An example of a strong acid solution is perchloric acid, HClO 4 , in water. [1 mark]
Which statement is correct for this solution?
A. HClO4 is completely dissociated in the solution.
B. HClO4 exists mainly as molecules in the solution.
C. The solution reacts only with strong bases.
D. The solution has a pH value greater than 7.

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