ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE

INGENIERÍA GEOLOGICA

PROSPECCION GEOFISICA

REFRACCION SISMICA CAPAS INCLINADAS O

BUZANTES- TIEMPO DE RETARDO

Docente:
KROVER WILIAN LAZARTE PONCE
Alumna:
Mamani Lopez, Mary Roxana
Grupo:
B
AREQUIPA-PERU
2020

1
 PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

225 m

8.33m
31.25m

𝑡0𝑢 = 36𝑚𝑠 = 0.036𝑠 225𝑚−215𝑚

= 1500 𝑚⁄𝑠
30𝑚−15𝑚 𝑚
𝑣0 = = 1.5 = 1500 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑑 =
10𝑚𝑠−0 𝑚𝑠 10𝑚𝑠−0
𝑡𝑜𝑑 = 9.6𝑚𝑠 = 0.0096𝑠 30𝑚 𝑚 15𝑚 𝑚
𝑣𝑢 = = 3.75 = 3750 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑣𝑑 = = 2.5 = 2500 𝑚⁄𝑠
8𝑚𝑠 𝑚𝑠 6𝑚𝑠 𝑚𝑠

Cálculos:  Hallando 𝑖𝑐 :
1 𝑣𝑜 𝑣0
 Hallando ¨α¨: 𝑖𝑐 = (𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 )
2 𝑣𝑑 𝑣𝑢
1 𝑣𝑜 𝑣0
𝛼 = (𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 ) 1 1500 1500
2 𝑣𝑑 𝑣𝑢 𝑖𝑐 = (𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 )
2 2500 3750
1 1500 1500
𝛼 = (𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 ) 𝑖𝑐 = 30.224 = 30°13´26.54´´
2 2500 3750
𝛼 = 6.6458 = 6°38′ 45.09´´

PÁG. 4
PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

Hallando𝑧𝑢 𝑦 𝑧𝑑: Hallando 𝐷𝑑 𝑦 𝐷𝑢 :

𝑣0 ∗𝑡𝑑 𝑧𝑑
𝑧𝑑 = 𝐷𝑑 =
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
1500 ∗ 0.0096 8.33
𝑧𝑑 = = 8.33𝑚 𝐷𝑑 = = 8.39𝑚
2 cos(30.224) cos(6.65)
𝑣𝑜 ∗ 𝑡 𝑢 𝑧𝑢
𝑧𝑢 = 𝐷𝑢 =
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
1500 ∗ 0.036 31.25
𝑧𝑢 = = 31.25𝑚 𝐷𝑢 = = 31.46𝑚
2cos(30.224) cos(6.65)

Caso de capas inclinadas o buzantes:

𝑣1 = 1500 𝑚⁄𝑠

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑣2 : c𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝜃𝑐 :
𝑣1
1 1 1 1 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑐 =
= [( ) + ( )] 𝑣2
𝑣2 2 𝑣𝑑 𝑣𝑢
1500
1 1 1 1 1 𝜃𝑐 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( ) = 30°
= [ + ]= 3000
𝑣2 2 2500 3750 3000

𝑣2 = 3000 𝑚⁄𝑠

Calculando ℎ𝑢 𝑦ℎ𝑑 :
𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝛼
1 𝑣 ∗𝑡
1 𝑖𝑢 1 𝑣 ∗𝑡
ℎ𝑢 = 2 ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ) , ℎ𝑑 = ( 1 𝑖𝑑 )
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ℎ𝑢 − ℎ𝑑
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼 = ( )
1 1500 ∗ 0.036 𝑥
ℎ𝑢 = ( )
2 cos(30°) 31.18 − 8.31
𝛼 = arctan ( )
ℎ𝑢 = 31.18𝑚 225
𝛼 = 5°48´13.91´´
1 1500 ∗ 0.0096
ℎ𝑑 = ( )
2 cos(30°)

ℎ𝑑 = 8.31𝑚

PÁG. 4
PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑧𝐷
∆𝑇𝐷 ∗𝑣1 1
𝑍𝐷 = 𝑣 ; ∆𝑇𝐷 = (𝑡𝑑 + 𝑡𝑢 − 𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 )
cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛−1 ( 1 )) 2
𝑣2

PÁG. 4
PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

1
∆𝑇𝐷 = (𝑡𝑑 + 𝑡𝑢 − 𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 )
2
Para:
10m=17.4ms
20m=16.95ms
30m=16.25ms
40m=16ms
50m=15.6ms
60m=15.15ms
70m=14.5ms
80m=14ms
90m=13.75ms
100m=13.15ms
110m=12.55ms
120m=12.1ms
130m=11.75ms
140m=11.35ms
150m=10.75ms
160m=10.3ms
170m=9.75ms
180m=9.5ms
190m=8.9ms
200m=8.35ms
210m=7.9ms
220m=7.5ms
PÁG. 4
 PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

∆𝑇𝐷 ∗ 𝑣1
𝑍𝐷 = 𝑣
cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛 −1 ( 1 ))
𝑣2

para :
17.4∗1500∗1⁄1000
10m=𝑍𝐷 = =30.14m
𝐶𝑂𝑆(30°)

20m=𝑍𝐷 = 29.36𝑚
30m=𝑍𝐷 = 28.25𝑚
40m=𝑍𝐷 = 27.71𝑚
50m=𝑍𝐷 = 27.02𝑚
60m=𝑍𝐷 = 26.24𝑚
70m=𝑍𝐷 = 25.11𝑚
80m=𝑍𝐷 = 24.25𝑚
90m=𝑍𝐷 = 23.82𝑚
100m=𝑍𝐷 = 22.78𝑚
110m=𝑍𝐷 = 21.74𝑚
120m=𝑍𝐷 = 20.96𝑚
130m=𝑍𝐷 = 20.35𝑚
140m=𝑍𝐷 = 19.66𝑚
150m=𝑍𝐷 = 18.62𝑚
160m=𝑍𝐷 = 17.84𝑚
170m=𝑍𝐷 = 16.89𝑚
180m=𝑍𝐷 = 16.45𝑚
190m=𝑍𝐷 = 15.42𝑚
200m=𝑍𝐷 = 14.46𝑚
210m=𝑍𝐷 = 13.68𝑚
PÁG. 4
220m=𝑍𝐷 = 12.99𝑚
 PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

225m

8.31m
31.18m

V1

V2

PÁG. 4
PROSPECCION GEOFISICA 2020

8.31m
31.18m

V1=1500m/s

V2=3000m/s

PÁG. 4