GEOMETRY IN ARCHITECTURE

Student name: Arooj Anjum

Roll no. : 18094795-009
Course code: ARGA-223
Semester: Fall-18
Answer the following questions.
Q1. . What is the role of geometry in architectural projects?
Since architecture involvrs the basic use of scale and proportion in form and space as it has
been associated with scale and anthropometry directly. Certain approaches to geometry can
be determined by the way one deals with form and space. Also the process of designing in
architecture deals with the visualization of form, so we have to employ geometry in every
aspect to deal with ergonomics of the space and form. Therefore, geometry is an integral part
of an architectural project. In order to define spatial and formal quality of space alongwith
form, geometry plays an essential role. For example, if we are to make an architectural
project by interlocking two forms together, they we have to go through facts if the common
space between them is going to be a path between the two, o will belong to one of the form,
or will hold its own identity. Also we will go through the spatial quality of the form and will
visualize its ergonomics through geometry.
Q2. Write short note on video (01-geometry_of_architecture.mp4) minimum 150
words?
The architectural forms have been evaluated out of simple basic shapes like circle, square,
triangle. Ancient structures of past civilizations also involve the use of basic shapes and these
shapes have been evoluted out of their form and have been incorporated in present day
architecture as contemporary one. With time in addition with basic forms , architects have
incorporated curvilinear structures in architecture which are supposed to be obtained out of
cone like parabola, hyperbola and ellipse. The use of curved surfaces have been prominent
sice 19th century. If we observe geometry of of cathederal of brizilia, sagrada familia school
and oceanarium, we will come to know that these three buildings are not just curved surfaces
but these surfaces in particular are ruled being capable of generated by lunes. Any
architectural projrct need geometry an acquisition to provide its presentation, calculation and
execution.
Q3. Write short note on video (02-scale and proportion.mp4) minimum 150 words
Scale is an important concept and tool in order to understand relation of humanbeings with its
surroundings because we observe things in terms of comparative scale. Different buildings
have different impacts on human beings on the basis of their scale ; some buildings feel
dominant and overwhelming and some appear relaxing to human psychology on the basis of
scale. Proportion on the other hand is relation of a part of an object to other parts. Even
human body is proportionated on the basis of scale. The mathematical rules in architecture to
deal with proportions are: 1. Golden ratio with ratio of 1: 1.618, 2. Fabonacci numbers; which
lead to the formation of golden spiral with its series of numbers 3. The rule of thirds; if we
devide the picture or a scenario or a building into 3 parts vertically, the prominent object or
part of building will appear at third part of the particular scene or building. These are used to
create dramatic effects.
Q4. What is the role of proportion and scale in geometry?
Scale and proportion are integral elements in geometry. Because scale is something related to
the anthropometry as decide scale related to human body . and proportion the thing evaluated
out of scale. These are basically the compositional factors in determining geometry of
anything. Like if we see basic shapes like square it has a scale that makes it proportionate
shape. Proportion plays very important role in all three as it provide guidelines for useful
spaces, for creating good structural system and creating aesthetically pleasing environment.
Proportions can assist both the ordering and also the perception of buildings. Proportions
provide an aestheticrationale for the dimensions of form and space.
Q5. Define form through graphical diagrams in Eshrich House project design by an
american architect Louis Kahn?
this diagram shows the development of the form of echerick house from a cube. A cube has
been slightly elongated along its north south sides. Twe cubical forms are added on eastern
and western side of wall each. Two long slab like cubical forms are intrlocked at northern
and eastern side. A portion of wall from north and south walls are extruded inside. This
makes the form of echerick house.

Define organization through graphical diagrams in Saynatsalo

Town hall
project design by Finnish architect Alvar Aalto?
this shows the centralized organization of form since all spaces have
been organized around an elevated courtyard.
 this shows that how the spaces have been designed inside a space .
moreover it shows the organization of spaces along a linear path.
the whole plan has been divided into five fragments and each
fragment is placed adjacent to each other providing adjacent
apaces that can be rfeached aling a shared path.

this shows linear vertical organization of form with

horizontal placement of the elevated courtyard .
Define geometric elements through graphical diagrams in Villa Savoye
project design by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier?

this shows the use of point in villa savoye marked by the use of pillotis
for a free plan structure.
 this image shows the use of lines in
villa savoye as vertical element to uplift the structure on pillotis.
8. Define spaces with elements through graphical diagrams in Ron Champ
Chapel project design by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier?

in this image, architectural spaces are given spiritual feel through loght.
7. Define ordering principels through graphical diagrams in Gandhi Samarak
Sangrahalay project design by indian architect Charles Correa?

there is diagonal symmetry in every unit and if we take it as awhole then

each portion like toilets, books, meeting place has its own axial and diagonal symmetry
 shape hierarchy with respect to space
Space hierarchy
Emphasis through volume
Progression through space