BULLETIN 947542

"P-1NNF" PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL W/LOAD SENSE

(with 4-way pilot control valve)

Operation for a typical pump driven clockwise

(right hand) is described. Cut-a-way diagrams
are a representation of typical pumps with this
control. Actual coupling of control to pump
control pin and swashblock varies from pump
type to pump type. But, functionally, the
swashblock (and resultant delivery) is posi-
tioned by two opposite (acting) control pis-
tons (although, in some cases, the [two] pis-
tons may actually be a single [one] piece.

See individual control parts drawings for ac-

tual configuration and location of part assem-
blies, orifices, connections and ports.

I. PRINCIPLE OF OPERA-
TION

A. STARTING (See Figure 1 & 4)

The bias control piston spring positions the
control and connected pump swashblock so
the pump will deliver maximum volume to
raise pressure in the system.
B. RAISING PRESSURE
(Loadng)
Pump delivery (and resultant pressure) is fed
back to the control through Port "OP1" (in
some cases, an orifice may be installed in
this port). The four-way pilot control valve
is held in the "open" position by a pilot con-
trol valve spring. Flow (and resultant pres-
sure) is transmitted through the pilot control
valve spool to the area behind the bias con-
trol piston and through orifice Port OP2.
Therefore, pressure acting on either end of
the pilot control valve is equal, the spool is
balanced and held in the open position by
the pilot control valve spring. Flow (and
resultant pressure) is also transmitted
through Port OP3 and Port OP4 to the ad-
justable pressure compensator control valve Figure 1. Raising Pump Pressure (5V-12129-L sh. 1).
and adjustable flow compensator control
valve which block further flow in the con-
trol (and pressure transmittal).

Note: - the flow compensator valve plunger

is held in the closed position by a spring plus
system pressure piped to it.

(Continued on page 2)

THE OILGEAR COMPANY

2300 So. 51st. Street
Issued Sept., 2000 Milwaukee, WI 53219 BULLETIN 947542
C. LOAD SENSING CONTROL
The Load Sensing Control matches flow
and pressure to load demand. As the load on
the system increases, pump pressure will also
increase. But, the flow (volume) will remain
constant. The flow Compensator Control
Valve senses and maintains a constant pres-
sure differential across an orifice (Flow Con-
trol Valve) in the delivery line. Pump flow
becomes a function of the flow control valve
(orifice) opening area. For a given flow con-
trol valve setting, the pump will maintain a
constant flow regardless of changes in pump
input speed and/or working pressure.
See Figures 2 & 5. If differential pressure
across the flow control valve increases (due
to increased pump input speed and/or lower
working [load] pressure) the pressure differ-
ential across the flow compensator plunger
also changes and the flow compensator valve
opens to drain and pressure on the spring
end of the pilot control 4-way valve spool
is dropped. The pilot control 4-way valve
spool shifts. The bias control is connected
to drain and pump pressure is connected to
the unloading control. Delivery is reduced
until differential pressure across the flow
control valve reaches the (closing) setting
of the flow compensator control valve.

See Figures 1 & 4. If differential pressure

across the flow control valve decreases (due
to decreased pump input speed and/or higher
working [load] pressure the flow compen-
sator control valve will close to drain, the
pilot control 4-way valve spool will close
(by spring) to direct flow from unloading
control to drain, pump flow is transmitted
to the bias control and increase delivery
until the differential pressure across the flow
control valve reaches the setting of the flow
compensator valve.
Figure 2. Load Sensing (unloading) (5V-12129-L sh. 2).
(Continued on page 3)

Bulletin 947542 Page 2 © 2000 THE OILGEAR COMPANY - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
D. PRESSURE COMPENSATING,
pump unloading (See Figures
3 and 6).
In either case (differential pressure increas-
ing or decreasing), the Adjustable Control
Relief Valve takes priority. When pressure
on the cone shaped relief valve plunger ex-
ceeds the presetting of the relief valve (set
by turning in or out the relief valve screw
which sets the tension or force, of the relief
valve spring) the cone shaped plunger moves
off it's seat and allows flow through the valve,
through drain line to pump case and case
drain. Now, pressure is no longer acting on
the spring end of the pilot control valve
spool. Due to orifice in Port OP2, there is
still pressure on the other end of the pilot
control valve spool. This differential pres-
sure forces the pilot control valve spool to
shift and compress the pilot control valve
spring. The pilot control valve spool now
allows pump delivery (and resultant pres-
sure) to flow to the unloading control pis-
ton. The pilot control valve spool simulta-
neously drains the fluid from behind the bias
control piston.

The control piston now moves the control

pin and shifts the swashblock to a position
towards neutral where the pump (is un-
loaded) delivers "just enough" volume to
maintain (makeup for component slip losses
or leakage) system pressure as regulated by
the adjustable control relief valve.

E. RESUMPTION
As load pressure falls below pressure com-
pensator valve setting, the load sensing func-
tion automatically resumes.

(Continued on page 4)

Figure 3. Compensating Pump Delivery (5V-12129 sh. 3).

II. ORIFICE FUNCTIONS
Orifice Decreasing Orifice Diameter will
No. Result In:—(Increasing Diameter
will Do the Opposite)

OP1 Overall slowing of control response *

OP2 Do not change size of orifice**
OP3 Do not change - increased stability
OP4 Do not change - increased stability
OP5 Slowing of "off stroke" time ##
OP6 Increased unstability #
OP8 Do not change - increased stability *##
OP9 Blocked
OP14 Slowing down of "on stroke" time.
Do not go smaller than 0.060"

* Orifice not used (standard)

** If this orifice becomes plugged, the control will
hold pump on minimum stroke. Be sure orifice
is not plugged.
# Plugged on "PVK" pumps
## Not used on "PVG" Pumps

Page 3 Bulletin 947542

 LS LS

Figure 5. Load Sensing (unloading)

Figure 4. Raising Pump Pressure (5V-12129-L sh. 4).
(5V-12129-L sh. 4).

LS

Figure 6. Compensating Pump Delivery

(5V-12129-L sh. 4).

THE OILGEAR COMPANY

2300 So. 51st. Street
BULLETIN 947542 Milwaukee, WI 53219 Litho in USA