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PRACTICAL 1

AIM: Introduction to cloud computing.

Cloud computing-
Cloud computing is a general term for the delivery of hosted services over the internet.
Cloud computing enables companies to consume a compute resource, such as a virtual
machine (VM), storage or an application, as a utility -- just like electricity -- rather than
having to build and maintain computing infrastructures in house.

Cloud computing characteristics and benefits-

Cloud computing boasts several attractive benefits for businesses and end users. Five of
the main benefits of cloud computing are:

 Self-service provisioning: End users can spin up compute resources for almost
any type of workload on demand. This eliminates the traditional need for IT
administrators to provision and manage compute resources.
 Elasticity: Companies can scale up as computing needs increase and scale down
again as demands decrease. This eliminates the need for massive investments in
local infrastructure, which may or may not remain active.
 Pay per use: Compute resources are measured at a granular level, enabling users
to pay only for the resources and workloads they use.
 Workload resilience: Cloud service providers often implement redundant
resources to ensure resilient storage and to keep users' important workloads
running -- often across multiple global regions.
 Migration flexibility: Organizations can move certain workloads to or from the
cloud -- or to different cloud platforms -- as desired or automatically for better cost
savings or to use new services as they emerge.

Cloud computing deployment models-

Cloud computing services can be private, public or hybrid.

Private cloud services are delivered from a business's data center to internal users. This model
offers the versatility and convenience of the cloud, while preserving the management, control and
security common to local data centers. Internal users may or may not be billed for services
through IT chargeback.

Common private cloud technologies and vendors include VMware and OpenStack.
In the public cloud model, a third-party cloud service provider delivers the cloud service
over the internet. Public cloud services are sold on demand, typically by the minute or
hour, though long-term commitments are available for many services. Customers only pay
for the CPU cycles, storage or bandwidth they consume.

Leading public cloud service providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure, IBM and Google Cloud Platform.

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A hybrid cloud is a combination of public cloud services and an on-premises private

cloud, with orchestration and automation between the two. Companies can run mission-
critical workloads or sensitive applications on the private cloud and use the public cloud to
handle workload bursts or spikes in demand.

The goal of a hybrid cloud is to create a unified, automated, scalable environment that
takes advantage of all that a public cloud infrastructure can provide, while still maintaining
control over mission-critical data.

Types of cloud computing services-

Although cloud computing has changed over time, it has been divided into three broad
service categories: infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and
software as a service (SaaS).

PRACTICAL 2

AIM: Creating a Warehouse Application in Sales Force.com.

Step 1: Register for a Developer Edition "Org".

If you haven't already done so, start by registering for a free Force.com Developer Edition
instance of Salesforce ("DE org" for short). Use an email address that you can access
immediately, submit the form, and wait for an activation email. Once you receive the
activation email, open it, click the login link, and set your password.
Now you’re in the Force.com's browser-based application development environment and
ready to begin building an app.

Step 2: Create an App

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Creating the foundation of a basic cloud app with Force.com requires just a few mouse
clicks. In this tutorial, you use the App Quick Start wizard to create an app that can help
you manage merchandise records in a warehouse.
From the Force.com Home page, click the big Add App button in the Getting Started
section. (If you're starting from somewhere else, click <your_name> | Setup to return to the
Force.com Home page).

Next, fill in the form as follows to match this screen, then click Create:

Once the wizard finishes, click Go To My App, Start Tour, and follow along for a quick
overview of your app's user interface.

Step 3: Try Out the App

To try out your new app, just click New to create a new record of Merchandise.

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Then add a new merchandise record for "Laptop" computers.

Tell Me More
The app you just created is very simple -- or is it? Look closely around the screen to see
all of the functionality available by default to your Warehouse app.

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 Every object in Force.com automatically has an attached "feed," called Chatter,

that lets authorized app users socialize about and collaborate on the object.
Using Chatter, users can post updates in an object's feed, comment on posts,
and follow (subscribe to) the feed to get pushed updates when they happen.
For example, on a Merchandise record, one user might post a question about
the record, to which followers and other users can comment in reply.
 Every DE org has a secure Chat window that lets users interact with one
another.
 You can also manage activities related to a record from the Open Activities and
Activity History related lists. Activities include tasks to perform (e.g., making
phone calls or sending email), calendar events, and requested meetings.
 Every app has full-text search functionality for all text fields of an object and
Chatter feeds.
 Every DE org has a recycle bin that you can use to view and restore deleted
records.
 Every record in Force.com has an "owner," which serves as the basis for a
powerful security system that supports ownership-based record sharing
scenarios.

PRACTICAL 3

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AIM: Creating an Application in SalesForce.com using Apex

programming Language.

Apex Code is designed explicitly for expressing business logic and manipulating data,
rather than generically supporting other programming tasks such as user interfaces and
interaction. Apex Code is therefore conceptually closer to the stored procedure languages
common in traditional database environments, such as PL/SQL and Transact-SQL. But
unlike those languages, which due to their heritage can be terse and difficult to use, Apex
Code uses a Java-like syntax, making it straightforward for most developers to
understand. And like Java, Apex Code is strongly typed, meaning that the code is
compiled by the developer before it is executed, and that variables must be associated
with specific object types during this compile process. Control structures are also Java-
like, with for/while loops and iterators borrowing that syntax directly.

trigger blockDuplicates_tgr on Lead bulk(before insert, before update) {

/* begin by building a map which stores the (unique) list of leads
* being inserted/updated, using email address as the key.
*/
Map<String, Lead> leadMap = new Map<String, Lead>();
for (Lead lead : System.Trigger.new) {
if (lead.Email != null) { // skip null emails
/* for inserts OR
* updates where the email address is changing
* check to see if the email is a duplicate of another in
* this batch, if unique, add this lead to the leadMap
*/
if ( System.Trigger.isInsert ||
(System.Trigger.isUpdate &&
lead.Email != System.Trigger.oldMap.get(lead.Id).Email)) {

if (leadMap.containsKey(lead.Email)) {
lead.Email.addError('Another new lead has the same email
address.');
} else {
leadMap.put(lead.Email, lead);
}
}
}
}

/* Using the lead map, make a single database query,

* find all the leads in the database that have the same email address as
* any of the leads being inserted/updated.
*/

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for (Lead lead : [select Email from Lead where Email IN :leadMap.KeySet()]) {
Lead newLead = leadMap.get(lead.Email);
newLead.Email.addError('A lead with this email address already exists.');
}
}

In addition, no Apex Code trigger would be complete without test coverage, this is done
using a class with a special testing method, the test code does not commit records to the
database and so can be run over and over without modifying your database. Here is a
sample test method to verify the above code works.
public class testBlockDuplicatesLeadTrigger {
    static testMethod void testDuplicateTrigger(){ 
        Lead[] l1 =new Lead[]{
            new Lead( Email='homer@fox.tv', LastName='Simpson', Company='fox' )
        };
        insert l1;      // add a known lead
        Lead[] l2 =new Lead[]{
            new Lead( Email='homer@fox.tv', LastName='Simpson', Company='fox' )
        };
        // try to add a matching lead
        try {   insert l2;  } catch ( System.DmlException e) {
            system.assert(e.getMessage().contains('firsterror:
FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION, A lead with this email address already
exists'),
             e.getMessage());
        }
         
        // test duplicates in the same batch
        Lead[] l3 =new Lead[]{
            new Lead( Email='marge@fox.tv', LastName='Simpson', Company='fox' ),
            new Lead( Email='marge@fox.tv', LastName='Simpson', Company='fox' )
        };     
        try { insert l3;    } catch ( System.DmlException e) {
            system.assert(e.getMessage().contains('first error:
FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION, Another new lead has the same
email'),
                e.getMessage());
        }
        // test update also
        Lead[] lup = new Lead[]{
            new Lead( Email='marge@fox.tv', LastName='Simpson', Company='fox' )
        };
        insert lup;
        Lead marge = [ select id,Email from lead where Email = 'marge@fox.tv' limit 1];
        system.assert(marge!=null);
        marge.Email = 'homer@fox.tv';
         
        try { update marge; } catch ( System.DmlException e) {
            system.assert(e.getMessage().contains('irst error:
FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION, A lead with this email address already
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exists'),
                e.getMessage());   
        }
    }
}

PRACTICAL 4

AIM: Implementation of SOAP Web services in C#/JAVA Applications.

Creating the ASP.NET Web Service

Launch Visual Studio, and then go to File / New / Web Site...
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Choose ASP.NET Web Service as the template and name your project: Server.
Throughout this project, I’ll use C:\Project7 as my default folder.

Go to the Service.cs file and create the four needed methods by replacing:
[WebMethod]
public string HelloWorld() {
return "Hello World";
with:
[[WebMethod]
public int Add(int x, int y)
{
return x + y;
}
[WebMethod]
public int Subtract(int x, int y)
{
return x - y;
}
[WebMethod]
public int Multiply(int x, int y)
{
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return x * y;
}
[WebMethod]
public int Division(int x, int y)
{
return x / y;
}
Note that [WebMethod] tag allows the methods to be accessible to external clients. Now
replace the code:
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
with:
[WebService(Namespace="http://tempuri.org/",
Description="A Simple Web Calculator Service",
Name="CalculatorWebService")]
The Description attribute gives external clients a brief description of the service; the Name
attribute lets external clients refer to the service as CalculatorWebService rather than
Service.

Installing the Web Service in IIS

This project uses IIS Server 7.0 running on a Windows 7 PC.
Activate IIS server by:
Start Menu / typing IIS in the search bar / Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager
or by: Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager
If you couldn’t find IIS, then probably it’s not installed, so consult Appendix A to know how
you can activate this program under Windows 7.

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Expand the tree Sites, then right click on Default Web Site, and choose Add Virtual
Directory.

Enter WebService in the Alias field, and C:\Project7\Server in the Physical path field.

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Click on the WebService folder and then switch IIS to Content View in order to see the
Service.asmx and the web.config files.

Since we’ve manually created the Virtual Directory WebService without the help of Visual
Studio testing mode, you should right click the WebService folder and choose Convert to
Application followed by clicking OK.

Now open your browser and goto http://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx, you should

see a screen similar to this:

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Testing the Web Service on the Server Side

On the CalculatorWebService page, you could see four links to the Add, Division, Multiply,
and Subtract methods that we’ve implemented in C#; clicking on any of those links will
take you to a new page where you could test your methods.

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Creating the ASP.NET Web Client

Launch Visual Studio, and then go to File / New / Web Site...
Choose ASP.NET Web Site as the template and name your project Client.

Create an interface of your ASP.NET page similar to this:

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Now let’s add our web service as a service reference to our project as follows:
Right Click the Project in the solution explorer / choose Add Service Reference / enter
http://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx in the address field /click Go to view the
imported functions / choose ServiceReference as your namespace / click OK.

Edit your Default.aspx.cs source to add the method GetResult that takes as an input two
number strings and an integer function which corresponds to the four basic calculator
operations we need.
private string GetResult(string firstNumber, string secondNumber, int function)
{
ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient client =
new ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient();
int a, b;
string result = null;

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erra.Text = "";
errb.Text = "";

if (!int.TryParse(firstNumber, out a))

{
erra.Text = "Must be a valid 32-bit integer!";
return "";
}

if (!int.TryParse(secondNumber, out b))

{
errb.Text = "Must be a valid 32-bit integer!";
return "";
}

try
{
switch (function)
{
case 0:
result = firstNumber + " + " + secondNumber +
" = " + client.Add(a, b);
break;
case 1:
result = firstNumber + " - " + secondNumber + " = "
+ client.Subtract(a, b);
break;
case 2:
result = firstNumber + " * " + secondNumber + " =
" + client.Multiply(a, b);
break;
case 3:
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result = firstNumber + " / " +

secondNumber + " = " + client.Division(a, b);
break;
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
LabelResult.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
result = "Cannot Divide by Zero!";
}
return result;
}
ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient client =
new ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient();
which allows the client object to access the web service methods. ServiceReference is the
namespace of the web service you chose earlier. CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient
establishes the SOAP connection with client (i.e. sends requests and receives responses
in the form of SOAP XML messages between the proxy server and the proxy client).
Finally, add the Submit Button event handler with the following code to access the
GetResult method you created earlier.
protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LabelResult.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
LabelResult.Text = GetResult(TextBoxFirstNumber.Text,
TextBoxSecondNumber.Text,
DropDownList.SelectedIndex);
}

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PRACTICAL 5

AIM: Implementation of Para-Virtualization using VM Wares

Workstation/ Oracles Virtual Box and Guest O.S.

Steps to install and configure VMWare:

1) Download VMWare workstation trial version setup file from here. Set up is around 307
MB. Currently, version 12 is available. Please note we have set up screens on version 11.
2) Install VMWare on your machine. Setup is simple and requires to click Next button
couple of times.
3) After installation open VMWare workstation by using either start menu or shortcut
created on the desktop.
4) Click on “Create a New Virtual Machine”.

(Note: Click on the image for enlarged view)

5) With default “Typical” selected click on Next button.

6) Specify the path of the operating system set up file.

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7) In the Next step you need to specify a Key or a serial number of operating system. If
you are using trial version then that part can be skipped.
8) Enter the name for the virtual machine and specify a path to the directory where you
want to create your virtual machine. It is recommended that the drive you’re selecting to
install virtual machine should have sufficient space.

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9) Specify an amount of disk space you want to allocate for a virtual machine. Allocate disk
space according to the size of software you are going to install on the virtual machine.

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10) On the next screen it will show configuration you selected for a virtual machine.

11) It will allocate Hardware according to the default settings but you can change it by
using Customize Hardware button in the above screen.
You can specify what amount of RAM, a processor has to be allocated for a virtual
machine. Do not allocate complete RAM or complete Processor for a virtual machine.
Also, do not allocate very less RAM or processor. Leave default settings or allocate in
such way that your application should be able to run on the virtual machine. Else it will
result in a slow virtual machine.

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12) Click on the Finish button to create the virtual machine at the specified location and
with specified resources.
If you have specified a valid file (.iso, .rar., .nrg) for the operating system it will take
standard time to complete operating system set up on the virtual machine and then it will
be ready to use your regular OS.
Notes:

 If you didn’t specify any operating system while creating the virtual machine,
later you can install it just like we do for your laptop or desktop machines. We
can use CD/DVD or USB devices like Pen Drive or even set up a file on the disk
to install the operating system in the VM.
 If your CD/DVD drive is not working then also it is very simple to install the
operating system. Go to VM -> Settings – > select CD/DVD -> in the right half
select radio button for ‘use ISO image from’ and specify the path on your hard
disk where the .iso file is placed. This location will be treated as CD/DVD drive
of your machine.
 Make sure correct boot order is specified in BIOS so installation will start while
getting VM power on (in this case guest OS is not installed).
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Passing data between host and VM:

Generally, VM is having its own drive and it is not showing drives from host OS in the VM
environment. Also, VM drive cannot be used from host OS.
There are few options using which you can use data from Host OS in VM.
Option 1. Using shared directories: Go to VM -> Settings -> Options -> Shared Folders:
add the path of the required directories which you want to view in the VM.

Option 2. Using USB devices: When USB devices are plugged in those are default
available for host operating system and won’t show in the VM. To make them available in
VM do:
VM -> Removable devices -> mouse hover USB device and click Connect (Disconnect
from the host). Now USB device will be available in the Guest OS (VM) but won’t be
available in the host machine. Do reverse action to make it available in the host machine.

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PRACTICAL 6

AIM: Installation and Configuration of Hadoop.

Step 1) Add a Hadoop system user using below command

sudo addgroup hadoop_

sudo adduser --ingroup hadoop_ hduser_

Enter your password, name and other details.

Login as a root user

Execute the command

sudo adduser hduser_ sudo

Re-login as hduser_

Step 2) Configure SSH

In order to manage nodes in a cluster, Hadoop require SSH access
First, switch user, enter following command
su - hduser_

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This command will create a new key.

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""

Enable SSH access to local machine using this key.

cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys

Now test SSH setup by connecting to locahost as 'hduser' user.

ssh localhost

Purge SSH using,

sudo apt-get purge openssh-server
It is good practice to purge before start of installation

Install SSH using command-

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Step 3) Next step is to Download Hadoop

Select Stable

Select the tar.gz file ( not the file with src)

Once download is complete, navigate to the directory containing the tar file

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Enter , sudo tar xzf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz

Now, rename rename hadoop-2.2.0 as hadoop

sudo mv hadoop-2.2.0 hadoop

sudo chown -R hduser_:hadoop_ hadoop

Step 4) Modify ~/.bashrc file
Add following lines to end of file ~/.bashrc
#Set HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HOME=<Installation Directory of Hadoop>
#Set JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=<Installation Directory of Java>
# Add bin/ directory of Hadoop to PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

Now, source this environment configuration using below command

. ~/.bashrc

Step 5) Configurations related to HDFS

Set JAVA_HOME inside file $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

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With

There are two parameters in $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml which need to

be set-
1. 'hadoop.tmp.dir' - Used to specify directory which will be used by Hadoop to store its
data files.
2. 'fs.default.name' - This specifies the default file system.
To set these parameters, open core-site.xml
sudo gedit $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

Copy below line in between tags <configuration></configuration>

<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/app/hadoop/tmp</value>
<description>Parent directory for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS </name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:54310</value>
<description>The name of the default file system. </description>
</property>

Navigate to the directory $HADOOP_HOME/etc/Hadoop

Now, create the directory mentioned in core-site.xml

sudo mkdir -p <Path of Directory used in above setting>

Grant permissions to the directory

sudo chown -R hduser_:Hadoop_ <Path of Directory created in above step>

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sudo chmod 750 <Path of Directory created in above step>

Step 6) Map Reduce Configuration

Before you begin with these configurations, lets set HADOOP_HOME path
sudo gedit /etc/profile.d/hadoop.sh
And Enter
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/guru99/Downloads/Hadoop

Next enter
sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/hadoop.sh

Exit the Terminal and restart again

Type echo $HADOOP_HOME. To verify the path

Now copy files

sudo cp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template
$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

Open the mapred-site.xml file
sudo gedit $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

Add below lines of setting in between tags <configuration> and </configuration>

<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobtracker.address</name>
<value>localhost:54311</value>
<description>MapReduce job tracker runs at this host and port.
</description>
</property>

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Open $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml as below,
sudo gedit $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

 
 

Add below lines of setting between tags <configuration> and </configuration>

<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
<description>Default block replication.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser_/hdfs</value>
</property>

Create directory specified in above setting-

sudo mkdir -p <Path of Directory used in above setting>
sudo mkdir -p /home/hduser_/hdfs

sudo chown -R hduser_:hadoop_ <Path of Directory created in above step>

sudo chown -R hduser_:hadoop_ /home/hduser_/hdfs

sudo chmod 750 <Path of Directory created in above step>

sudo chmod 750 /home/hduser_/hdfs

Step 7) Before we start Hadoop for the first time, format HDFS using below command
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$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs namenode -format

Step 8) Start Hadoop single node cluster using below command

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
Output of above command

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh

Using 'jps' tool/command, verify whether all the Hadoop related processes are running or
not.

If Hadoop has started successfully then output of jps should show NameNode,
NodeManager, ResourceManager, SecondaryNameNode, DataNode.

Step 9) Stopping Hadoop

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh

PRACTICAL 7

AIM: Create an application (Ex: Word Count) using Hadoop

Map/Reduce.

Workflow of MapReduce consists of 5 steps

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1. Splitting – The splitting parameter can be anything, e.g. splitting by space, comma,

semicolon, or even by a new line (‘\n’).
2. Mapping – as explained above
3. Intermediate splitting – the entire process in parallel on different clusters. In order
to group them in “Reduce Phase” the similar KEY data should be on same cluster.
4. Reduce – it is nothing but mostly group by phase
5. Combining – The last phase where all the data (individual result set from each
cluster) is combine together to form a Result

Steps-
Step 1.  Open Eclipse> File > New > Java Project >( Name it – MRProgramsDemo) >
Finish
Step 2.  Right Click > New > Package ( Name it - PackageDemo) > Finish
Step 3. Right Click on Package > New > Class (Name it - WordCount)
Step 4. Add Following Reference Libraries –
Right Click on Project > Build Path> Add External Archivals
 /usr/lib/hadoop-0.20/hadoop-core.jar
 Usr/lib/hadoop-0.20/lib/Commons-cli-1.2.jar
Step 5. Type following Program :
package PackageDemo;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser;
public class WordCount {
public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
Configuration c=new Configuration();
String[] files=new GenericOptionsParser(c,args).getRemainingArgs();
Path input=new Path(files[0]);
Path output=new Path(files[1]);
Job j=new Job(c,"wordcount");
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j.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
j.setMapperClass(MapForWordCount.class);
j.setReducerClass(ReduceForWordCount.class);
j.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
j.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(j, input);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(j, output);
System.exit(j.waitForCompletion(true)?0:1);
}
public static class MapForWordCount extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text,
IntWritable>{
public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context con) throws IOException,
InterruptedException
{
String line = value.toString();
String[] words=line.split(",");
for(String word: words )
{
Text outputKey = new Text(word.toUpperCase().trim());
IntWritable outputValue = new IntWritable(1);
con.write(outputKey, outputValue);
}
}
}
public static class ReduceForWordCount extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text,
IntWritable>
{
public void reduce(Text word, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context con) throws
IOException, InterruptedException
{
int sum = 0;
for(IntWritable value : values)
{
sum += value.get();
}
con.write(word, new IntWritable(sum));
}
}
}

Explanation
The program consist of 3 classes:
 Driver class (Public void static main- the entry point)
 Map class which extends public class
Mapper<KEYIN,VALUEIN,KEYOUT,VALUEOUT>  and implements the Map
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function.
 Reduce class which extends public class
Reducer<KEYIN,VALUEIN,KEYOUT,VALUEOUT> and implements the Reduce
function.
Step 6. Make Jar File
Right Click on Project> Export> Select export destination as Jar File  > next> Finish

Step 7: Take a text file and move it in HDFS

To Move this into Hadoop directly, open the terminal and enter the following commands:
[training@localhost ~]$ hadoop fs -put wordcountFile wordCountFile
Step 8 . Run Jar file
(hadoop jar jarfilename.jar packageName.ClassName  PathToInputTextFile
PathToOutputDirectry)
[training@localhost ~]$ hadoop jar MRProgramsDemo.jar PackageDemo.WordCount
wordCountFile MRDir1
Step 9. Open Result
[training@localhost ~]$ hadoop fs -ls MRDir1
Found 3 items
-rw-r--r-- 1 training supergroup 0 2016-02-23 03:36
/user/training/MRDir1/_SUCCESS
drwxr-xr-x - training supergroup 0 2016-02-23 03:36
/user/training/MRDir1/_logs
-rw-r--r-- 1 training supergroup 20 2016-02-23 03:36 /user/training/MRDir1/part-
r-00000
[training@localhost ~]$ hadoop fs -cat MRDir1/part-r-00000
BUS 7
CAR 4
TRAIN 6

PRACTICAL 8

AIM: Case Study: PAAS (Facebook, Google App Engine)

Case Study # 4 – Facebook Ads Success with just $1 per Day

Similar to the Buffer experiment, this case study by Brian Carter, a prominent Facebook
Marketing and Advertising Expert and Bestselling author of the book “ The Like Economy”

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showed that even investing a minimum of $1/day on Facebook Ads can give you a
significant reach.
By consistently investing $1/day for 30 days, he was able to reach 120,000 people or 4000
people every day.
He in an active user of most advertising platforms and this is what he found as the cost to
reach 1000 people using popular advertising channels.

Facebook Ads are far cheaper than the legacy advertising solutions (newspaper, tv, etc.),
but also left behind its online competitors (Adwords and LinkedIn).
The objective of this case study or experiment was to show that even if you start with
a minimal budget, Facebook Ads can still prove beneficial.

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Most businesses can afford to spend $1/day on Facebook, can’t they?

Lesson Learned  # 11 – Budget is or should not be a roadblock for virtually any business.
$1/day or $30/month is not a big deal for most businesses.
Lesson Learned # 12 – Even if you are investing more on other channels for traffic or
lead generation successfully, it doesn’t hurt to spend a small proportion on Facebook Ads.
You might get the same number of traffic, but the overall cost will be much cheaper than
all other alternatives.
Check out more details about this case study here.

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PRACTICAL 9

AIM: Case Study: Amazon Web Service.

Cloud Computing Case Study of Amazon Web Services for Ecommerce Websites.

ECommerce enterprises are the major beneficiaries with the advent of Cloud Computing.  
These businesses, mostly attract visitors and sales online. More than 60% of its
resources used before sales are available online.  Other aspects of eCommerce is
sourcing products from vendors, product delivery to customers and managing the supply
chain is offline.  A typical eCommerce business relies heavily on virtual transactions. 
These activities prompt the enterprise to build attractive and heavily featured websites with
database, high end applications (both web and mobile), high storage and computing
capacity for fast performance, 24 X 7 availability, accessibility on every mobile device.

Cloud computing is the advanced form of on premise hosting and are designed to manage
the feature deficient in eCommerce sites.  There are typical problem for eCommerce
businesses like website break down during peak hours or surge in traffic, sudden need for
space due to increase in product portfolio and built in apps, ERP (like inventory
management or Customer Relationship Management). Cloud Computing has auto scaling,
load balancing features which automatically adjusts with the sudden need for increased
computing and increased storage thereby allowing smooth functioning of the online
resources.
Amazon Web Services is the leading cloud computing company and offer computing
services for eCommerce enterprises. We have discussed one of the cases to understand
the benefits of using Cloud Infrastructure and services.
Ice.com, an eCommerce enterprise into retailing jewelry migrated to Amazon Web
Services Cloud. It is based out of New York, United States. ICE was growing fast with its
increasing need for IT hardware and, so, hosted on two servers located in Montreal,
Canada. They were bearing a monthly expense of $26,000 for managing the physical
servers. Besides, they were running a risk for no disaster recovery plan for the resources
and also had plans to introduce many new web store application, an enterprise resource
planning (ERP), a content management system (CMS) and a  business intelligence ( BI)
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platform for the smooth functioning of the business. ICE hired an AWS partner for system
development, remote administration, automation, deployment and scalability of web
applications on AWS Infrastructure.

AWS sets up ICE eCommerce sites, ERP, CMS, BI keeping in compliance with the PCI
(Payment Card Industry) standard and Cloud security best practices. ICE used all Amazon
features like Amazon EC2 (Elastic Cloud Computing), Amazon ELB (Elastic Load
Balancing) and Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Storage). Implemented Amazon VPC (Virtual
Private Cloud) to host the ERP and BI platforms. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) for
storing html and static pages. AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) allowing
secured authorized access to staffs and availing instances at multiple zones like East and
West US coast with a proper disaster recovery plan.
ICE reaped the benefit in fastest new application migration due to the presence of Cloud
Infrastructure, otherwise, which have not been possible. Overhead staff expense was
reduced to half wherein one database administrator and one IT professional replaced two
administrators and three IT professionals. Moreover, AWS helped ICE to save $250000
annually for migrating to Cloud Infrastructure.

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