Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WHAT IT MEANS?
1000
2000
3000
4000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
5000
0
Mumbai
Delhi
Kolkata
Chennai
Bengaluru
Hyderabad
Ahmedabad
Kanpur
Surat
Lucknow
Pune
Bhopal
Jaipur
Ludhiana
Nagpur
Vadodara
SOME STATISTICS
Indore
Varanasi
Agra
Vishakhapatnam
Patna
Amritsar
Meerut
Madurai
Major cities
Coimbatore
Thiruvananthpuram
Vijayawada
Allahabad
Srinagar
Kochi
Production of garbage in Tons/day
Chandigarh
Mysore
Rajkot
Faridabad
Jabalpur
Nashik
Bhubaneshwar
Dehradun
Jamshedpur
Bhayandar
Ranchi
Jammu
Guwahati
Bhavnagar
Raipur
Jalgaon
waste generated per capita
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
1.6
0
1
Mumbai
Delhi
Kolkata
Chennai
Bengaluru
Hyderabad
Ahmedabad
Kanpur
Surat
Lucknow
Pune
Bhopal
Jaipur
Ludhiana
Nagpur
Vadodara
Indore
Varanasi
Agra
STATISTICS CONTD.
Vishakhapatnam
Patna
Amritsar
Meerut
Madurai
major cities
Coimbatore
Thiruvananthpuram
Vijayawada
Allahabad
Srinagar
per capita production in tons
Kochi
Chandigarh
Mysore
Rajkot
Faridabad
Jabalpur
Nashik
Bhubaneshwar
Dehradun
Jamshedpur
Bhayandar
Ranchi
Jammu
Guwahati
Bhavnagar
Raipur
Jalgaon
Integrated and Sustainable Solid & Liquid Waste Management
(Interlinking & interconnecting Method)
Composting
Vermi –
Waste Composting
Collection
Drying
Unit
Secondary
Segregation SLWM
Office
Admin
Liquid
Cattle Shed Waste
Tertiary Management
Segregation,
Processing
and storage
Unit
TECHONOLOGY OVERVIEW
TECHONOLGY SELECTION
CONSIDERATIONS
• CO2 Control
• DXNs Control
Environment • Emission Control
• Landfill Control
• Cost Control
• Profit
Economy • Growth
• Energy Recovery
• High Efficiency
Energy • Utilization / Sale
Source: Sewage and Industrial Effluent Treatment, J. Arundel (Blackwell Science, 1995)
ECONOMY
FINANCIAL ESTIMATES FOR 1000 TPD PLANT CAPACITY
Mass and Energy Balance
Gasification 500 2
Compositing NA NA
Note: Values of coal and fuel oil are included for the purpose of comparisons
*Adapted from www.indiasolar.com
Assessment of Technologies
WTE technology options have been analysed using a set of five main evaluation
criteria:
Air Pollution Overall Dust Collection, Gas H2S – Scrubbing Dust collection, Gas
Scrubbing (Elaborate) (Compact) scrubbing (Compact)
Waste disposal Complete, except for ash Complete except for Complete, except for ash
to landfill sludge stabilization
Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling Rules 2000) GOI Initiatives for
SWM
Reforms Agenda (Fiscal, Institutional, Legal)
Capacity Building
Solar power • Free beyond initial capital investment and • Project cost per MW- Rs 17cr
maintenance • Efficiency of only 6% to 20%
• Available to many regions • Requires consistent minimum levels of
• National Missions support Solar Power sunlight; not suitable for cloudy climates
extensively or useful after sundown
• Solar wafers are non-biodegradable
Hydroelectric power • Low-cost energy generation • Dam construction can destroy habitats
• Renewable non-polluting resource and alter local ecosystems
• Creates new reservoirs or lakes • Must be located on significant waterway;
• Project cost per MW- Rs 4 cr not suitable for drier regions
COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES
Wind power • Free beyond initial capital investment • Efficiency of only 20% to 30% for
and maintenance ground-based systems
• Already cost-competitive with fossil • High initial capital cost Intermittent
fuels power production
• Can supply localized power • Requires large land area used
independent of grid inefficiently
• Relatively small footprint
• Zero emissions
Nuclear power • Well-established and cost-competitive • Radioactive waste from power plants
with the least expensive energy sources takes hundreds to thousands of years to
used today decay, and therefore must be stored in
• Lower emissions – i.e., pollutants and a safe long-term location
greenhouse gases – than coal and other • Risk of “meltdown” or Chernobyl-scale
conventional power disasters
• Unavailability of domestic enriched
uranium
1. Plants for converting MSW to Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), capable of processing 1300 TPDat
Okhla and 650 TPD at Timarpur.
2. A bio-methanation plant capable of handling of 100 TPD of green waste at Okhla.
3. A water recovery plant capable of handling up to 6 MLD of treated sewage at the Okhla site for
recycling into process water and cooling water.
4. A Power plant with a generation capacity of 16 MW at Okhla.
5. Transportation of RDF from Timarpur to Okhla for combustion in the boiler of the power
plant mentioned above.
The project is registered with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to earn 2.6 million Certified Emission
Reductions (CERs) over a ten-year period.
QUESTIONS YET UNANSWERED!!!!