DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

FACULTY OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE & POLICY STUDIES

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, MACHANG CAMPUS, KELANTAN

GROUP ASSIGNMENT
PAD370
PUBLIC FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION

ASSIGNMENT TOPIC:
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

PREPARED FOR:
NORHAYATI BT YAACOB

DATE OF SUBMISSION:
21 JUNE

PREPARED BY:
NO NAME UiTM NO. GROUP
.
1. NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHD ASRI 2017163885 5B

2. NUR SYAFINAZ FAMILLIA BINTI MAHAMAD ROSLI 2017378195 5B

3. NIK NURUL EMILYANA BINTI NIK NASHARUDDIN 2017366463 5B

4. AFIFAH BINTI CHE YUSOF 2016733397 5B

Table of Contents
1.1 D E F I N I T I O N O F P U B L I C B U D G E T .................................................................3
1.2 I M P O R T A N C E O F P U B L I C B U D G E T ..............................................................3
1.3 C A T E G O R I E S O F P U B L I C B U D G E T ........................................................4
1.3.1 P U B L I C E X P E N D I T U R E ..................................................................4
1.3.2 P U B L I C R E V E N U E ...........................................................................5
1.4 T Y P E S O F P U B L I C E X P E N D I T U R E ..................................................................6
1.4.1 D E V E L O P M E N T E X P E N D I T U R E ..................................................6
1.4.2 O P E R A T I N G E X P E N D I T U R E .........................................................6
2.0 PROPOSED PROJECTS FOR MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND
L O C A L G O V E R N M E N T ......................................................................................................7
2.1 MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT’S PROFILE
7
2.1.1 BACKGROUND OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL
G O V E R N M E N T .............................................................................................................7
2.1.2 VISION OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL
G O V E R N M E N T .............................................................................................................7
2.1.3 MISSION OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL
G O V E R N M E N T .............................................................................................................7
2.1.4 OBJECTIVES OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL
G O V E R N M E N T .............................................................................................................7
2 . 2 . 1 S O L I D W A S T E M A N A G E M E N T ......................................................8
2 . 2 . 2 T O U R I S T S A F E S I T E S .......................................................................9
2 . 2 . 3 E R A D I C A T E U S E D P L A S T I C I M P O R T S .....................................1 0
2.2.4 THE CLEANLINESS IN PEOPLE’S HOUSING PROJECT (PPR)
.......................................................................................................................................1 0
2 . 3 P r o p o s e d P r o j e c t t o M a n a g e t h e I s s u e .......................................................1 1
2 . 3 . 1 P r o j e c t 1 : N e v e r R e f u s e t o R e c y c l e .....................................1 1
2 . 3 . 2 P r o j e c t 2 : S a f e t y P r o g r a m m e ..................................................1 3
2.3.3 Project 3 Campaign should start from the young age 13
2 . 3 . 4 P r o j e c t 4 : P r i o r i ti z e d H y g i e n e i n R e s i d e n ti a l A r e a s ....1 4
3 . 0 C O N C L U S I O N A N D R E F L E C T I O N ...........................................................1 5
3 . 1 C o n c l u s i o n ................................................................................................................1 5
3 . 2 L e a r n i n g r e fl e c ti o n ..............................................................................................1 6
4 . 0 R E F E R E N C E S .................................................................................................1 6
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Public budget is a statement of revenue and expenditure

of government for future. It is also planning and management
t o o l u s e d f o r n a ti o n a l e c o n o m i c p u r p o s e s . I t r e f e r s t o t h e
p r e p a r a ti o n o f a b u d g e t . A b u d g e t i s a n a n n u a l s t a t e m e n t o f
revenue and income and expenditure of the government.

Two types of budget are prepared in the public sector

w h i c h i s o p e r a ti n g a n d d e v e l o p m e n t b u d g e t . T h e o p e r a ti n g
budget is for the annual recurring expenditures such as
payment of salaries, purchase of materials and equipment and
a d m i n i s t r a ti v e e x p e n s e s . D e v e l o p m e n t b u d g e t c o n c e r n s c o s t o f
a c q u i s i ti o n o f l a n d , c o n s t r u c ti o n , i n f r a s t r u c t u r e a n d e q u i p m e n t
f o r n e w o r o n - g o i n g fi v e - y e a r d e v e l o p m e n t p r o j e c t s .

1.1 DEFINITION OF PUBLIC BUDGET

B u d g e t i s a d e t a i l e d p l a n , e x p r e s s e d i n q u a n ti t a ti v e t e r m s
that specify how resources will be acquired and used during a
s p e c i fi c p e r i o d o f ti m e . B u d g e ti n g i s a l s o a s t a t e m e n t o f
revenue and expenditure for the future which is used as
p l a n n i n g a n d m a n a g e m e n t t o o l s o f n a ti o n a l e c o n o m i c s o u r c e s t o
f u l fi l t h e p e o p l e ’ s n e e d .

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC BUDGET

There are so many importance of public budget which are
n e e d e d t o i m p l e m e n t p r o g r a m s a n d a c ti v i ti e s t o a c h i e v e t h e
goals and strategies.

T h e fi r s t i m p o r t a n c e o f p u b l i c b u d g e t i s t o m a k e s u r e t h e
g o v e r n m e n t e ffi c i e n t l y m a n a g e t h e e c o n o m y o f t h e c o u n t r y .
E ffi c i e n t e c o n o m i c m a n a g e m e n t a i m s t o a c h i e v e d e v e l o p m e n t
goals. The private sectors will have to take place as machinery
of growth while the government give their supports [ CITATION
Ali09 \l 17417 ]. For example, to encourage the economic
growth, a good infrastructure requirement is needed. So, the
p r o v i s i o n s f o r t h e r o a d c o n s t r u c ti o n , r a i l w a y s a n d p o r t s m u s t b e
provided in the public budget. As well as the tax policy that can
be used to improve the economy of the country. For example,
t a x a ti o n c a n b e i m p o s e d o n t h e u s e o f g o o d s t h a t c a n g i v e
e ff e c t t o t h e p e o p l e ’ s h e a l t h s u c h a s c i g a r e tt e s a n d a l c o h o l
drink.
 Second, the public budget will determine the priority of
the government. The people in the country will be the main
p r i o r i t y i n t h e b u d g e t p r e s e n t a ti o n o f M a l a y s i a i n e v e r y y e a r .
The provisions given to the people will be the longest list in the
budget. As we can see in the PRIHATIN Rakyat Economic
S ti m u l u s P a c k a g e , t h e a l l o c a ti o n p r o v i d e d t o t h e p e o p l e i s t h e
most one compare to the others. The government must take
care of the people in the country in order to make sure the
economy of the country is stable.

N e x t , t h e p u b l i c b u d g e t a c t a s a s i g n i fi c a n t m e c h a n i s m o f
d i s t r i b u ti o n . P e o p l e i n t h e c o u n t r y h a v e a d i ff e r e n t a b i l i t y ,
s k i l l , c o m p e t e n c e a n d s t r e n g t h . T h e i r i n c o m e a l s o d i ff e r e n t
from each other. To reduce the income gap, the government
needs to develop appropriate budget policies to redistribute
income from the rich to the poor. For example, the government
collect the tax income from the rich and use the tax to provide
scholarship to the children of the poor people and create
b u s i n e s s o p p o r t u n i ti e s t h r o u g h fi n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e .

Lastly, the public budget is important because it act as

fi n a n c i a l s t a t e m e n t o f t h e g o v e r n m e n t . B y t h e p u b l i c b u d g e t ,
people of the country will know what the government use the
public money for. The government cannot use the public money
arbitrarily. When the public budget is presented to the public,
t h e p e o p l e w i l l k n o w t h e fl o w o f t h e m o n e y a n d i t c a n p r e v e n t
the government to misuse the money.

1.3 CATEGORIES OF PUBLIC BUDGET

1.3.1 PUBLIC EXPENDITURE

Public expenditure is the way in which public resources
a r e a l l o c a t e d a n d m a n a g e d i n p u r s u i t o f fi s c a l d i s c i p l i n e ,
s t r a t e g i c p r i o r i ti z a ti o n a n d v a l u e f o r m o n e y . P u b l i c e x p e n d i t u r e
i s a b a s i c m e a n s o f i m p l e m e n ti n g g o v e r n m e n t p o l i c y a n d
u ti l i z i n g s o u r c e s p r o d u c ti v e l y , e ff e c ti v e l y a n d s e n s i ti v e l y .
Furthermore, public expenditure refers to Government
expenditure such as government spending. Government
spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services
and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending
p o l i c i e s l i k e s e tti n g u p b u d g e t t a r g e t s , a d j u s ti n g t a x a ti o n ,
increasing public expenditure and public works are very
e ff e c ti v e t o o l s i n i n fl u e n c i n g e c o n o m i c g r o w t h . P u b l i c
expenditure is incurred by state and local government of a
country.
 P u b l i c e x p e n d i t u r e c a n a l s o d e fi n e d a s t h e e x p e n d i t u r e
i n c u r r e d b y p u b l i c a u t h o r i ti e s l i k e s t a t e a n d l o c a l g o v e r n m e n t
t o s a ti s f y t h e c o l l e c ti v e s o c i a l w a n t s o f t h e p e o p l e i s k n o w n a s
public expenditure. Government spending in Malaysia decreased
t o 4 0 5 2 5 M Y R M i l l i o n i n t h e fi r s t q u a r t e r o f 2 0 2 0 f r o m 5 4 4 5 1 x
MYR Million in the fourth quarter of 2019.

1.3.2 PUBLIC REVENUE

Public revenue is the income of the government through
all sources. It is state spending for the people.

Tax Revenue is a fund raised through the various taxes is

r e f e r r e d t o a s t a x r e v e n u e . T a x e s a r e c o m p u l s o r y c o n t r i b u ti o n s
i m p o s e d b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t o n i t s c i ti z e n s t o m e e t i t s g e n e r a l
expenses incurred for the common good, without any
c o r r e s p o n d i n g b e n e fi t s t o t h e t a x p a y e r . A t a x i s n o t a v o l u n t a r y
p a y m e n t o r d o n a ti o n , b u t a n e n f o r c e d c o n t r i b u ti o n , e x a c t e d
p u r s u a n t t o l e g i s l a ti v e a u t h o r i t y a n d i s a n y c o n t r i b u ti o n
imposed by government whether under the name of toll, duty,
custom, excise, subsidy, aid or supply. For the examples are
income tax, corporate tax, sales tax.

T h e o b j e c ti v e s o f t a x a ti o n a r e t o p r o v i d e r e v e n u e t o f u n d
t h e a c ti v i ti e s s u c h a s d e f e n s e , l a w a n d o r d e r , o r t h e p r o v i s i o n
of public services. Then, Redistribute income and wealth to
help address poverty, through graduated taxes on personal
i n c o m e o r r e a l p r o p e r t y , g i ft o r i n h e r i t a n c e t a x e s . B e s i d e s , a s a
t o o l f o r s ti m u l a ti n g e c o n o m i c g r o w t h . T h e t a x c a n h e l p t o
promote investment, encourage exports and promote local
i n d u s t r i e s . I t i s a l s o , a s a fi s c a l p o l i c y . T a x e s c a n h e l p t o
s t a b i l i z e t h e e c o n o m y a n d p r i c e fl u c t u a ti o n s t h r o u g h c h a n g i n g
the rates of taxes. For the example in a recession, income taxes
can be reduced so as to increase demand for goods and thus
s t a b i l i s e p r i c e s . D i s c o u r a g e s p e c i fi c a c ti v i ti e s s u c h a s s m o k i n g
t o b a c c o o r c o n s u m p ti o n o f a l c o h o l .

T h e c h a r a c t e r i s ti c s o f a g o o d t a x s y s t e m a r e c e r t a i n t y , i t
is necessary that the tax laws are clear and the tax payer is
therefore able to predict with reasonable certainty what this
t a x i s l i k e l y t o b e . T h e n , c o m p l i a n c e a n d c o l l e c ti o n c o s t s . A t a x
w h i c h i s d i ffi c u l t t o c o l l e c t a n d i n v o l v e s t h e t a x p a y e r k e e p i n g
complicated records is undesired-able. It will not only be
u n p o p u l a r t o t h e t a x p a y e r b u t c o s t l y a n d a d m i n i s t r a ti v e l y
d i ffi c u l t t o t h e g o v e r n m e n t . T h e o t h e r s a r e e n f o r c e a b i l i t y ,
fl e x i b l e , a b i l i t y t o p a y , s i m p l e a n d e a s y a n d m o ti v a ti n g .
 The types of tax is progressive tax. It based on the
taxable amount of the individuals income. So, high income
earners pay more than low income earners. Second is regressive
tax. It shows low income individuals pay a higher amount of
their incomes in taxes compared to high income earners under a
regressive tax system because the government assesses tax as a
percentage of the value of the asset that a taxpayer purchases
h e r o w n s . T h i r d i s t h e p r o p o r ti o n a l t a x . I t i s a l s o r e f e r r e d t o a s
a fl a t t a x s y s t e m , a s s e s s e s t h e s a m e t a x r a t e o n e v e r y o n e
regardless of income or wealth.

Sources of taxes. First is the direct taxes, it is primarily

taxes on natural persons and they are typically on the taxpayer
a b i l i t y t o p a y a s m e a s u r e d b y i n c o m e , c o n s u m p ti o n o r n e t
w e a l t h . B e s i d e s , t h e i n d i r e c t t a x e s a r e l e v i e d o n t h e p r o d u c ti o n
o r c o n s u m p ti o n o f g o o d s a n d s e r v i c e s o r o n t r a n s a c ti o n s ,
including imports and exports.

The public borrowing is a long term debt instrument

through which money is raised by the central and state
g o v e r n m e n t s , p u b l i c s e c t o r o r g a n i s a ti o n s a n d l o c a l s e l f -
i n s ti t u ti o n s t o fi n a n c e v a r i o u s p r o j e c t s u n d e r t a k e n b y t h e m .
T h e o b j e c ti v e s o f b o r r o w i n g i s t o l i g h t d e p r e s s i o n i n w h i c h
g o v e r n m e n t w i l l b o r r o w m o n e y t o c r e a t e j o b o p p o r t u n i ti e s t o
resolve the problem of unemployment.

The sources of borrowing re divided into where are

internal sources and external sources. Internal debt is the part
of the total debt in a country that is owed to lenders within the
country. Then the external debt or the foreign debt is the total
debt a country owes to foreign creditors.

1.4 TYPES OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE

1.4.1 DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE

Development expenditure refers to the expenditure of the
government which help in economic development by increasing
p r o d u c ti o n a n d r e a l i n c o m e o f t h e c o u n t r y . U s u a l l y n o n
r e p e ti ti v e e x p e n d i t u r e . M a d e i n r e l a ti o n t o t h e fi v e y e a r s
Malaysian Plans. Big amount/capital involves strategic decision
making. Funded by borrowing in long term return. It is requiring
s u p e r v i s i o n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e i m p l i c a ti o n t o t h e p u b l i c .
A p p r o v a l w a s g i v e n t r o u g h i s s u a n c e o f g e n e r a l a l l o c a ti o n
warrant according to the Development Fund Act 1966.
 1.4.2 OPERATING EXPENDITURE
O p e r a ti n g e x p e n d i t u r e i s a n e x p e n s e i n c u r r e d i n c a r r y i n g
o u t a n o r g a n i z a ti o n ’ s d a y - t o - d a y a c ti v i ti e s , b u t n o t d i r e c t l y
associated with p r o d u c ti o n . As according to charged
e x p e n d i t u r e ( A r ti c l e 9 8 o f F C ) , a n y g r a n t , r e m u n e r a ti o n o r o t h e r
m o n e y s s o c h a r g e d b y a n y o t h e r a r ti c l e o r f e d e r a l l a w . A l l
p e n s i o n , c o m p e n s a ti o n f o r l e s s o f o ffi c e a n d g r a t u i ti e s f o r
w h i c h f e d e r a ti o n i s l i a b l e . A l l d e b t c h a r g e s f o r w h i c h t h e
f e d e r a ti o n i s l i a b l e ( p u b l i c d e b t ) . A n y m o n e y s r e q u i r e d t o
s a ti s f y a n y j u d g e m e n t , d e c i s i o n o r a w a r d a g a i n s t t h e f e d e r a ti o n
by any court or tribunal.

2.0 PROPOSED PROJECTS FOR MINISTRY OF HOUSING

AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2.1 MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT’S

PROFILE

2.1.1 BACKGROUND OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND

LOCAL GOVERNMENT
The early formed of KPKT is known as the ministry of local
g o v e r n m e n t a n d h o u s i n g . I n 1 9 7 1 u n ti l 1 9 7 8 , t h e m a i n f u n c ti o n
i s d i v i d e d i n t o t w o w h i c h i s t h e f u n c ti o n o f h o u s i n g u n d e r t h e
m i n i s t r y o f h o u s i n g a n d p r o g r e s s o f t h e v i l l a g e a n d t h e f u n c ti o n
of the ministry of local government under the ministry of local
g o v e r n m e n t a n d f e d e r a l t e r r i t o r y . T h e n , t h e f u n c ti o n o f h o u s i n g
and local government is combined with the establishment of
h o u s i n g a n d g o v e r n m e n t m i n i s t r i e s . A ft e r t h e 1 3 t h e l e c ti o n ,
KPKT is arranged and known as the ministry of urban well-being,
housing, and local government, it is provided programs and
a c ti v i ti e s t o a c h i e v i n g t h e q u a l i t y o f l i f e o f t h e c i ti z e n s . A ft e r
t h e 1 4 t h o f a n e l e c ti o n , i t i s k n o w n a s t h e m i n i s t r y o f h o u s i n g
and local government.

2.1.2 VISION OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
L e a d i n g p r o s p e r i t y o f u r b a n c o m m u n i ti e s a n d s u s t a i n a b l e
environment.

2.1.3 MISSION OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
R e a l i z i n g m u t u a l p r o s p e r i t y t h r o u g h a ff o r d a b l e h o u s i n g ,
s u s t a i n a b l e u r b a n s e r v i c e s a n d e ff e c ti v e fi r e s e r v i c e , t h u s
improving the quality of life of the people
 2.1.4 OBJECTIVES OF MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT

i. P r o v i d e a ff o r d a b l e h o u s i n g f o r q u a l i fi e d p e o p l e ,
regulate aspects of private housing development and
r e s i d e n ti a l m a n a g e m e n t a s w e l l a s r e s o l v e h o u s i n g
disputes.
ii. A s s i s t a n d g u i d e l o c a l a u t h o r i ti e s i n p r o v i d i n g q u a l i t y
m u n i c i p a l s e r v i c e s , s o c i o e c o n o m i c a n d r e c r e a ti o n a l
f a c i l i ti e s t o m e e t l o c a l n e e d s .
iii. P r o v i d e e ffi c i e n t , l i c e n s e d fi r e p r e v e n ti o n a n d r e s c u e
services to safeguard life and property safety.
iv. Provide policy and advisory services to the federal,
state and federal governments on and planning,
m a n a g e m e n t , d e v e l o p m e n t a n d c o n s e r v a ti o n i n
a c c o r d a n c e w i t h n a ti o n a l p h y s i c a l p l a n s .
v. Providing federal, state and local government
policies and services on the planning,
i m p l e m e n t a ti o n a n d m a n a g e m e n t o f l a n d s c a p e , p a r k s
a n d r e c r e a ti o n .
vi. Providing policies and advisory services to the
federal, state and local governments on the
r e g u l a ti o n a n d r e g u l a ti o n o f s o l i d w a s t e m a n a g e m e n t
and public clean up services to be more integrated,
e ffi c i e n t , e ff e c ti v e a n d c o s t e ff e c ti v e .
vii. I m p l e m e n ti n g p r o g r a m s a n d a c ti v i ti e s t o e n h a n c e
u r b a n r e s i l i e n c e a n d p u b l i c p a r ti c i p a ti o n i n l o c a l
governance.
viii. D e v e l o p s a n d r e g u l a t e s t h e a c ti v i ti e s o f m o n e y
lenders and pensions.2.2 PUBLIC ISSUES RELATED TO
THE MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2.2.1 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Malaysia generates about 42 million metric tonnes of

municipal solid waste a year compared with about 30 million
produced by United Kingdom. 60% of this waste is food and
p l a s ti c . T h e S t a r ( O c t 1 5 , 2 0 1 8 ) r e p o r t e d t h a t d u r i n g R a m a d h a n
in 2018, Malaysia produced 215,000 metric tonnes of food
waste. It was also reported that research undertaken by the
M a l a y s i a A g r i c u l t u r e R e s e a r c h a n d D e v e l o p m e n t I n s ti t u t e f o u n d
that 20% to 50% fruits and vegetables are discarded. [ CITATION
JPS15 \l 17417 ]
 The mix of food waste and solid waste makes it more
d i ffi c u l t t o m a n a g e a n d b e c o m e t h e m a i n c a u s e s o f t h e
increasing of the waste. The waste also not properly being
d u m p e d a s g u i d a n c e o f t h e N a ti o n a l S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t
that required us to dump the food waste and the solid waste in
d i ff e r e n t t y p e s o f r u b b i s h b i n s .

The consequences of this issue are there will be

e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u ti o n . S o l i d w a s t e t h a t i s n o t w e l l
m a i n t a i n e d c a n d a m a g e t h e e x i s ti n g r e s o u r c e s t h a t p o s e a
threat to human well-being. The Ministry of Housing and Local
Government have to spend between 40 and 70% of their annual
a s s e s s m e n t t a x r e v e n u e f o r t h e p u r p o s e o f c o l l e c ti n g a n d
disposing of the waste. Unstructured solid waste management
c a n a l s o l e a d t o s k i n i n f e c ti o n s s u c h a s p h y s i c a l c o n t a c t w i t h
w a s t e . I n f e c ti o n s a n d r e s p i r a t o r y i n f e c ti o n s o c c u r w h e n
exposed to dust and air from disposal. Disease outbreaks come
f r o m c o n t a m i n a t e d e n v i r o n m e n t s s u c h a s l a n d fi l l s i t e s t h a t
b r e e d i n f e c ti o u s v e c t o r v e c t o r s s u c h a s fl i e s , m o s q u i t o e s , m i c e
and so on.

2.2.2 TOURIST SAFE SITES

T h e r e h a v e t h r e e n e w t o u r i s t a tt r a c ti o n s i n P e r a k
h a v e b e e n i d e n ti fi e d a s “ h i g h r i s k a r e a s ” . S t a t e F i r e a n d R e s c u e
D e p a r t m e n t d i r e c t o r A z m i O s m a n s a i d t h e t h r e e l o c a ti o n s w e r e
T a s i k C e r m i n , t h e T a n j u n g T u a l a n g ti n d r e d g e a n d T a s i k B a n d i n g .
T h e s i t e h a s b e c o m e a p o p u l a r fi l m i n g a r e a w i t h t o u r i s t s g o i n g
t h e r e t o t a k e p h o t o s d u e t o i t s b e a u ti f u l l a n d s c a p e . R e c e n t l y , i t
was reported that some 10 underwater caves were discovered
b e n e a t h t h e l a k e b y c a v e d i v e r s . A z m i s a i d h i s o ffi c e r s h a d
v i s i t e d t h e l a k e a n d s a w i t w a s n o t s a f e f o r r a ft e r s . M o s t d i d
n o t w e a r l i f e j a c k e t s . T h e y a l s o w i l l c o n ti n u e t o w a r n t o u r i s t s
o n t h e d o s a n d d o n ’ t s . I n a d d i ti o n , t h e s i t e i s a l s o n o t o ffi c i a l l y
declared as a tourist spot, so proper safety infrastructure is not
in place. They have to ensure proper water pumps and the
deployment of more personnel as well as vehicles to be used for
narrow areas there.

This have becomes issue when the management is weak

and non-existent safety management system. They does not
have safety system standards and controls. This is very
important, if the management does not have the safety
management, it could be lead to the root causes of any
accidents such as murder, kidnap, robbery, rape and many
more.
 T h e s e s c e n a r i o s c a n c o n t r i b u t e t h e n e g a ti v e s i m p a c t s t o
t h e t o u r i s m i n d u s t r y a n d n a ti o n a l e c o n o m i c s w h e r e i t w a s
depended on tourism sector. If a tourist were felt unsafely or
t h r e a t e n e d i n s o m e d e s ti n a ti o n , t h i s t o u r i s t c a n m a k e s o m e
n e g a ti v e e x p e c t a ti o n t o w a r d s t h i s d e s ti n a ti o n a n d i n d i r e c t l y
w i l l r u i n t h e t o u r i s m i n d u s t r y i n t h i s d e s ti n a ti o n c a u s e s b y t h e
decreasing of tourist’s numbers. In order to avoid this, the
a g e n c y t h a t i n v o l v e n e e d t o e n s u r e t h a t t h e y h a v e t h e e ff e c ti v e
a n d e ffi c i e n t s a f e t y m a n a g e m e n t s y s t e m [ C I T A T I O N A h m 1 2 \ l
17417 ]

2.2.3 ERADICATE USED PLASTIC IMPORTS

Sultan Sharifuddin Idris shah said the government had to
c u r b t h e i m p o r t a ti o n o f u s e d p l a s ti c s i n t h e s t a t e . T h i s i s t o
p r e v e n t t h e s t r a w s f r o m b e i n g u s e d a s a c o l l e c ti o n p o i n t f o r
u s e d p l a s ti c w a s t e i n t h e f u t u r e . T h i s w a s d o n e t h r o u g h t h e c o -
o p e r a ti o n o f e n f o r c e m e n t a g e n c i e s i n c l u d i n g t h e S e l a n g o r
D e p a r t m e n t o f E n v i r o n m e n t ( D O E ) . I n a d d i ti o n , h e h o p e d t h e
g o v e r n m e n t w o u l d s l o w l y f o c u s o n s e v e r a l p o l l u ti o n i n c i d e n t s
t h a t r e s u l t e d i n t h e t e r m i n a ti o n o f t h e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t p l a n t
( L R A ) a n d w a t e r s u p p l y d i s r u p ti o n t o t h e p e o p l e . I n t e g r a t e d
a c ti o n b e t w e e n a l l a g e n c i e s i s e s s e n ti a l t o a d d r e s s i n g t h i s i s s u e
c o l l e c ti v e l y b a s e d o n t h e i r r e s p e c ti v e j u r i s d i c ti o n s .

T h e c a u s e o f t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s b e c a u s e t h e p r i c e i s
c h e a p e r t h a n t h e m e t a l p l a s ti c . S o t h a t t h e u s a g e o f t h e p l a s ti c
i s w i d e l y a l l o v e r t h e w o r l d b a s i c a l l y u s e t h e p l a s ti c . I n
M a l a y s i a , p e o p l e w h o a r e n o t r e s p o n s i b l e t h r o w t h e p l a s ti c
evenly.

T h e e ff e c t o f t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s t h e c a u s e o f t h e
w a t e r p o l l u ti o n a n d o t h e r c a s e s . S u p r e m e M a n a g e m e n t
a d d r e s s i n g t h e p o l l u ti o n o f w a t e r r e s o u r c e s c r e a t e d a t t h e s t a t e
level, a short-term and long-term framework for addressing
w a t e r r e s o u r c e s p o l l u ti o n i s b e i n g p r e p a r e d b y i n v o l v i n g a l l
relevant agencies. Then, the forest areas, peatlands,
agricultural lands and illegal dumping sites should always be
monitored. [ CITATION Asy20 \l 17417 ]
 2.2.4 THE CLEANLINESS IN PEOPLE’S HOUSING PROJECT
(PPR)
Based on several People’s Housing Project (PPR) that has
b e e n c h e c k , i t w a s r e v e a l t h a t m a n y o f t h e i r f a c i l i ti e s l a c k e d o f
proper maintenance. Which is leaking pipes, dirty playground
w i t h b r o k e n s w i n g c h a i n s , o ft e n f a u l t y l i ft s a n d d i r t y c o r r i d o r s
t h a t a r e a c o m m o n s i g h t a t t h e s e l o w - c o s t fl a t s . I t l o o k l i k e t h i s
is not something new happen in their neighbourhood. And also
t h i s h o u s i n g h a s m a n y r u b b i s h e s p e c i a l l y o n t h e g r o u n d fl o o r
r o o f . T h e c l e a n l i n e s s i n t h i s r e s i d e n ti a l a r e a i s n o t g u a r a n t e e d
b e c a u s e i t fi l l e d w i t h g a r b a g e e v e r y w h e r e .

As it has been check, this issue happen due to their

fellow resident itself. Because some of the resident report that
many fellow resident do not care about the area’s cleanliness.
Not only has that, some of them just thrown rubbish recklessly
at night straight from their units especially those who from
u p p e r fl o o r s e v e n t h o u g h t h e y h a v e a c o n t r a c t o r s t o c l e a n u p
the place during the day. They also urinate whenever they like.
Besides, the resident here do not care about the area’s
cleanliness because their most concern is the parking space.
A n d b a s e d o n t h e o b s e r v a ti o n , i t c a n s e e t h a t t h e i r m i n d - s e t i s
they have a contractors workers to clean up the place like
usual. [ CITATION New13 \l 17417 ]

T h e o u t c o m e f r o m t h i s i s s u e w i l l a ff e c t t o t h e i r h o u s i n g
area and also to the country. It will causing discomfort to the
l o c a l s . A n d t h e i r a c ti o n s a r e n o t a g o o d t h i n g t o e m u l a t e . T h i s
is because if they did not taking care their cleanliness in
housing area, it will give bad impact to themselves especially to
their health. When the place full of rubbish, it can make that
p l a c e f u l l o f r a t s , m a n y m o r e p e s t i f t h i s s i t u a ti o n p e r s i s t t o
happen that can be harmful. There’s possibility of other
h o u s i n g w i l l a l s o f o l l o w t h i s i m p o v e r i s h e d a tti t u d e a n d m a k e
Malaysia a dirty country. Moreover, it will endanger the locals
i f t h e h o u s i n g f a c i l i ti e s d i d n ’ t d o a p r o p e r m a i n t e n a n c e .
2.3 Proposed Project to Manage the Issue

2.3.1 Project 1: Never Refuse to Recycle

“Never Refuse to Recycle” is the name of this
project because it will teach the people to start the
p r a c ti c e o f r e c y c l i n g w a s t e d i s c a r d e d . T h i s p r o j e c t c a n
make the people start to recycle their waste from their
home and their workplace. This is because this project
will make sure to increase the number of the recycle bins
in this country. As we know, there are the recycle bins in
our country but, not all place that have the bins
e s p e c i a l l y i n t h e r u r a l a r e a . M o s t o f o u r p e o p l e s ti l l t e n d
to not to separate their waste into three categories as
t h e g u i d e l i n e p r o v i d e d b y t h e N a ti o n a l S o l i d W a s t e
Management Department. This is because the people do
not aware about the recycle bins in their area as the bins
m a y b e t o o f a r o r t h e y j u s t fi n d t h e n e a r e s t r e g u l a r b i n s a t
their place.

T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o f a c i l i t a t e t h e
process of management and treatment of solid waste.
When we separate the waste in the main categories which
a r e p a p e r , g l a s s , m e t a l a n d p l a s ti c , i t w i l l s a v e t h e ti m e
and cost for the management to manage the waste. In
a d d i ti o n , i t w i l l a v o i d t h e d u m p i n g w a s t e a t t h e d i s p o s a l
centre. Usually when we walk by the disposal centre, an
u n p l e a s a n t s m e l l c o m e s f r o m i t . I f w e c o m m i tt e d t o u s e
the recycle bins properly, the unpleasant smell for sure
can be reduce.

T h i s p r o j e c t e s ti m a t e d w i l l c o s t a b o u t R M 4 2 0
m i l l i o n t o p l a c e t h e r e c y c l e b i n s i n 1 m i l l i o n d i ff e r e n t
l o c a ti o n s i n a l l o v e r t h e c o u n t r y .

In order to get this project is done, the agency that

i n v o l v e i n m a k i n g t h i s p r o j e c t i s N a ti o n a l S o l i d W a s t e
Management Department (JPSPN) under Ministry of
H o u s i n g a n d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t . U s i n g t h e a l l o c a ti o n
money given by the government, they will provide the
recycle bins around the country through the local
governments and put the bins in their area.
 The process of making this project come true will
take about 2 years as the JPSPN must deal with the
suppliers of the recycle bins to provide them a huge
amount of their products through the procurement
s y s t e m . U n ti l t h e n , t h e J P S P N w i l l d i s c u s s w i t h t h e
Ministry of Housing and Local Government on how to
distribute the bins through the local government to the
area. Only then, all the recycle bins can be place in all
over the country.

2.3.2 Project 2: Safety Programme

The name of the program is “safety programme” because
it is to ensure the tourists safety. In recent years, safety aspect
becomes one of the prominent issues among tourists in the
urban tourism. The needs of safety in urban tourism have
s e v e r a l d e fi n i ti o n s w h i l e i n v o l v i n g i n a n y t o u r i s m d e s ti n a ti o n o r
a n y t o u r i s m m a i n a tt r a c ti o n s , e s p e c i a l l y w i t h i n i n a n u r b a n
area. The occurrence of crime such as murder, kidnap, robbery,
rape, vehicle stealing and others frequently happen towards a
tourist in urban areas. If a tourist were felt unsafely or
t h r e a t e n e d i n s o m e d e s ti n a ti o n , t h i s t o u r i s t c a n m a k e s o m e
n e g a ti v e e x p e c t a ti o n t o w a r d s t h i s d e s ti n a ti o n [ C I T A T I O N A h m 1 2
\l 17417 ].

T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o e n s u r e t h e s a f e t y
a m o n g t h e t o u r i s t a n d t o g i v e f u l l s u p p o r t i n e ff o r t o f
awareness development about decreasing of urban safety and to
prevent any crime that might happen in the tourist site which is
free from live threatening and property such stolen, robbery,
tugged and so on.

The program will cost around Rm550 million in order to

keep the tourist site safe in Malaysia. The cost will be deducted
by doing crime reminder sign board, security alarm, cleaning
c l u tt e r e d a n d h i d d e n a r e a s , m o t o r c y c l e l o c k e d p a r k i n g b a s e ,
i n s t a l l a ti o n o f c l o s e d c i r c u i t t e l e v i s i o n ( C C T V ) , l i g h ti n g c r i m e
targeted area and private security guard service.

M a l a y s i a i s a c t u a l l y a t t h e r i g h t t r a c k i n i m p l e m e n ti n g o f
“Safety Programme”. In order to get success of this programs,
the agency that need to involve is Ministry of Housing & Local
Government (KPKT) and Town and Country Planning Department
of Peninsular Malaysia (JPBD). They need to take many
i n i ti a ti v e s t o e n s u r e t h e s a f e t y l e v e l o f t o u r i s t .
 2.3.3 Project 3 Campaign should start from the young
age
E v e r y o n e s h o u l d k n o w t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s a c t u a l l y
d a n g e r o u s f o r o u r n a t u r e e s p e c i a l l y w a t e r p o l l u ti o n . W e c a n s e e
that there are many turtle died because of straw that people
w h o a r e n o t r e s p o n s i b l e t h r o w t h e p l a s ti c e v e r y w h e r e . S o t h a t ,
the campaign should be have at the school every year.

T h e o b j e c ti v e s o f t h e c a m p a i g n s h o u l d b e s t a r t f r o m t h e
young age which means that the children should know that they
should take a good care of the nature. For the example the
u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s o n e o f t h e c a u s e s t h e n a t u r e d i s a s t e r . T h e
campaign at the school about this issue should be have once a
year. In that campaign, the things that the children should
k n o w i s h o w t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c w i t h a g o o d w a y a n d t h e n h o w t o
r e f u s e t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c . F o r t h e e x a m p l e i s u s e t h e p a p e r b a g
when go to shopping, use the metal straw and so on.

The agency that should provide in this project is the

ministry of Housing and Local Government agency which is
responsible to obligatory for all school to take this seriously.
T h e n , t h e s c h o o l a u t h o r i ti e s a l s o h a v e t o t a k e p a r t i n t h i s
project especially teacher.

T h e e s ti m a t e d b u d g e t i s a r o u n d R M 2 5 0 m i l l i o n b e c a u s e
t h e s t u ff t h a t b e n e e d i n d o i n g t h i s p r o j e c t i s p a p e r o r c l o t h e s
bag to give for the student as an example for them to use the
r i g h t w a y w h e n s h o p p i n g a n d a l s o r e f u s e t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c b a g .
Then, the commission towards the speaker and anyone who are
involve in this campaign. This campaign provide to all school in
Malaysia.

T h e c a m p a i g n s h o u l d b e i n g i n fi r s t m o n t h o f t h e s c h o o l
where the students are not too busy with the study especially
f o r t h e s t u d e n t w h o b e s i t f o r t h e b i g e x a m i n a ti o n . T h i s
campaign should be done within two days where provide the
necessary to show to the student.
 2 . 3 . 4 P r o j e c t 4 : P r i o r i ti z e d H y g i e n e i n R e s i d e n ti a l A r e a s
F o r t h i s p r o j e c t , i t c a l l “ p r i o r i ti z e h y g i e n e i n r e s i d e n ti a l
areas”. This project is to bring awareness to the resident about
the importance of cleanliness. This project will make the
resident know what happen if they did not keep the area clean
and change their mind-set to take responsibility to their own
r u b b i s h i n s t e a d o f e x p e c ti n g o t h e r p e o p l e t o t h r o w o u t t h e
r u b b i s h f o r s o m e o n e e l s e . A s w e k n o w t h i s k i n d o f a tti t u d e i s
not good to follow. With this project, it can make the resident
c h a n g e t h e i r a tti t u d e t o b e c o m e a p e r s o n w h o a l w a y s m a i n t a i n
the cleanliness.

T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o m a k e t h e p e o p l e ’ s
housing project (PPR) clean and safe to live in by the locals. It
is because, when the housing area is clean, it means our heath
also guaranteed safe from any disease such as dengue. Besides,
this project will make the resident safety more secured with a
p r o p e r f a c i l i ti e s m a i n t e n a n c e b e e n d o n e . A n d t h i s p r o j e c t t o
make the resident aware what the problem in their housing and
to taking care their housing together by themselves to not
repeat the same problem that later will create another problem
exist.

T h i s p r o j e c t b u d g e t e s ti m a t e a r o u n d R M 1 0 m i l l i o n . T h i s
v a l u e i n c l u d e l i ft m a i n t e n a n c e , p l a y g r o u n d m a i n t e n a n c e ,
leaking pipes, doing the cleaning and cleaning tool need to
provide in the housing areas.

This project will come to success if all resident in the

h o u s i n g a r e a t a k e p l a c e t o p a r ti c i p a t e . B e c a u s e t h i s p r o j e c t
includes all of the resident in that housing area. And they are
the one that need to take the responsibility in term of the
cleanliness in their own housing area. That is why we give
awareness to the people and help to doing the maintenance.
Also, this project involve by Ministry of Housing and Local
Government (KPKT).
3.0 CONCLUSION AND REFLECTION

3.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, when there is the public budget, the
p e o p l e d o n o t h a v e t o w o r r y a b o u t t h e a l l o c a ti o n p r o v i d e d b y
the government as the money will be use for the sake of the
people well-being. This can be seen when the government
present the annual budget on the television. All the money will
b e u s e d t o i m p r o v e o r fi x a n y t h i n g t h a t b e i n g c o n c e r n e d b y t h e
people. The development of the country and people’s welfare
are the main priority that the government must take care of. If
not, the people will feel abandon and start to provoke the
government to make changes in order to get their rights to be
d o n e . T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h e p u b l i c b u d g e t i s t o m a k e s u r e t h e
m i n i s t r y c a n u s e t h e a l l o c a ti o n t o p l a n a n d i m p l e m e n t t h e
suitable projects to take care of the welfare of the people

3 . 2 L e a r n i n g r e fl e c ti o n
Through this project, we learned that the public budget is
a statement of revenue and expenditure of government for
future. That is to make sure the government to manage the
e c o n o m y o f t h e c o u n t r y e ffi c i e n t l y . A n d a l s o i t a c t a s fi n a n c i a l
of the government that to show the people what the
government use the public money for. In public budget has two
categories which is public expenditure and public revenue. In
a d d i ti o n , w e a l s o k n o w t h e d e fi n i ti o n o f p u b l i c e x p e n d i t u r e . I t
is the way in which public resources allocated and managed
while the public revenue is the income of the government
through the various sources. In this public budget basically will
show on how the government managed the public money and
what they do to use the public money so that the people will
know how government managed the public. Because the money
that government get come from the public through the various
tax to gain income. That is why they have the right to know. In
other words, we gain so many knowledge by doing this project
and learn a new things
 4.0 REFERENCES

A h m a d N a z r i n A r i s A n u a r , S i ti N o o r b a i z u r a B o o k h a r i , N o o r A z a h A z i z .
( 2 0 1 2 ) . R e t r i e v e d f r o m T h e E ff e c ti v e n e s s o f S a f e C i t y
Programme as Safety Basic in:
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i 4 7 B 7 H V % 2 F k F q Y 2 u i p T c g I g fb 3 x N q s J Y Q

A l i , P . D . ( 3 1 J a n u a r y , 2 0 0 9 ) . H a p p y D a y . R e t r i e v e d f r o m K e p e n ti n g a n
Belanjawan kepada Ekonomi Negara:
h tt p : / / j a m a l 7 4 7 8 . b l o g s p o t . c o m / 2 0 0 9 / 1 2 / k e p e n ti n g a n -
belanjawan-kepada-ekonomi.html

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Negara. Retrieved from Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara dan
Pembersihan Awam:
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Mckinnon, R. C. (25 November, 2016). Retrieved from Risk-based,

Management-led, Audit-driven, Safety Management Systems:
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Muhammad, A. (16 Mac, 2020). Retrieved from Banteras kegiatan

import p l a s ti k terpakai: Sultan Selangor:
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Tempatan, K. P. (2020). Retrieved from Sistem Keratan Akhbar dan

T e k s U c a p a n : h tt p : / / k a t u . k p k t . g o v . m y / i n d e x . p h p / c _ p a p a r

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