Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

4.3 7PG23 Relay: Restricted Earth Fault Protection - 4 Wire 4CT

Figure 4-5 Example System – 4 Wire REF Protection

CT and Connection Details

Line CT (LCT) Neutral CT (NCT)

Turns ratio (T) 1/600 1/600
Voltage Knee Point (VK) 360V 450V
Magnetising Current (Imag) @ VK 30mA 20mA
CT secondary resistance (RCT) 7.5ȍ 4.5ȍ
CT lead loop resistance (RL) 0.15ȍ 0.5ȍ

Settings Requirements
Rated current = VA / (¥3 x VL)
Rated current = 10 x 106 / (¥3 x 11000) = 525A
Assigned through fault current (rated stability limit) = 16 x load current = 8.4kA. See section 2.2.1
Required Primary Operate Current (Fault Setting)
10 – 25% of protected winding rated current, or as specified by the user.
POCprov (10 – 25% of Irated) = 52.5 - 131A. Say 60A. (0.1A secondary). See section 2.2.2

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 33 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

Calculation of Required Stability Voltage Limits

The assigned through fault current is 8400A.
With reference to section 2.2.1
VS t IF (R CT  RL ) u T
8400
VS t u 7.5  0.15  107.1V
600
8400
VS t u 4.5  0.5  70 V
600
V 360
VS d KMIN 180V
2 2
? 107.1  Vs  180

Calculation of Shunt Setting Resistor Value

The required relay setting Is can be calculated from:

POC = ( 3(IMAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + Is + Ishunt ) / T
Ishunt = POC x T – 3(IMAGLCT) - IMAGNCT – Is
= 0.1 – 3(IMAGLCT)- IMAGNCT – 0.02

Say Vsprov = 120V (from requirement 107.1 < Vs < 150)

From CT magnetising curve: At 120V IMAGLCT = 7mA and IMAGNCT = 4mA
Ishunt = 0.1 – 3(0.007) - 0.004 – 0.02 = 0.055A
Rshunt = Vs/Ishunt = 120/.055 = 2182 Ohms (say 2200 Ohms)

Metrosil Specification

Short Time Power Rating

Using the empirical formula
4
P1SEC t u IF u T u VK
ʌ
4 1
P1SEC t u 8400 u u 450 8kW
ʌ 600

For values < 8kW/s the integral 75mm Metrosil is suitably rated.

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 34 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

Stabilising Resistor Specification

Continuous Power Rating

PCONT t Vs2 / Rshunt

PCONT t 120 2 / 2200
PCONT t 6.5W

Short Time Power Rating

VFint 2
P1SEC t Where: VFint t 4 (VK 3 x Rshunt x IFint) x 1.3
Rstab

2800
IFint 14A
200
VFint t 4 (VK 3 u Rshunt u IFint) x 1.3
VFint t 4 (450 3 x 2200 x 14 u 1.3 1683 V
2
1683
P1SEC t 1287 W
2200

Summary of Relay Settings and Components

Vs = 120V

Rshunt = 2200 Ohms, 45W continuous (typical manufacturers data)

Additional external Metrosil – not required.

POC (Fault Setting) = (3(I MAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + Is + Ishunt ) / T

POC = (3(0.007) + 0.004 + 0.02 + 0.055) x 600 = 60A

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 35 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

4.4 7PG23 Relay: Restricted Earth Fault Protection - 4 Wire 5CT

10MVA
11kV

1/600
1/600

27
7PG23

Rshunt

28

Figure 4-6 Example System – 4 Wire + Earth REF Protection

CT and Connection Details

Line CT (LCT) Neutral CT (NCT) Earth CT (ECT)

Turns ratio (T) 1/600 1/600 1/600
Voltage Knee Point (VK) 360V 450V 300V
Magnetising Current (Imag) @ VK 30mA 20mA 40mA
CT secondary resistance (RCT) 7.5ȍ 4.5ȍ 6.0ȍ
CT lead loop resistance (RL) 0.15ȍ 0.5ȍ 0.2ȍ

Settings Requirements
Rated current = VA / (¥3 x VL)
Rated current = 10 x 106 / (¥3 x 11000) = 525A
Assigned through fault current (rated stability limit) = 16 x rated current = 8.4kA. See section 2.2.1
Required Primary Operate Current (Fault Setting)
10 – 25% of protected winding rated current, or as specified by the user.
POCprov (10 – 25% of Irated) = 52.5 - 131A. Say 60A. (0.1A secondary). See section 2.2.2

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 36 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

Calculation of Required Stability Voltage Limits

The assigned through fault current is 8400A.
With reference to section 2.2.1
VS t IF (R CT  R L ) u T
8400
VS t u 7.5  0.15  107.1V
600
8400
VS t u 6  0.2  86.6V
600
8400
VS t u 4.5  0.5  70 V
600
V 300
VS d KMIN 150V
2 2
?107.1  Vs  150V

Calculation of Shunt Setting Resistor Value

The required relay setting Is can be calculated from:

POC = ( 3(IMAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + IMAGECT + Is + Ishunt ) / T
Ishunt = POC x T – (3(IMAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + IMAGECT + Is)
= 0.1 – (3(IMAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + IMAGECT + 0.02)

Say Vsprov = 120V (from requirement 107.1 < Vs < 150)

From CT magnetising curve: At 120V IMAGLCT = 7mA, IMAGNCT = 4mA and IMAGECT = 9mA
Ishunt = 0.1 – (3(0.007) + 0.004 + 0.009 + 0.02) = 0.046A
Rshunt = Vs/Ishunt = 120/.046 = 2609 Ohms (Say 2700 Ohms giving Ishunt =120/2700 = 0.044A)

Metrosil Specification

Short Time Power Rating

Using the empirical formula
4
P1SEC t u IF u T u VK
ʌ
4 1
P1SEC t u 8400 u u 450 8kW
ʌ 600

For values < 8kW/s the integral 75mm Metrosil is suitably rated.

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 37 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

Stabilising Resistor Specification

Continuous Power Rating

PCONT t Vs2 / Rshunt

PCONT t 120 2 / 2700
PCONT t 5.3W

Short Time Power Rating

VFint 2
P1SEC t Where: VFint t 4 (VK 3 x Rshunt x IFint) x 1.3
Rstab

2800
IFint 14A
200
VFint t 4 (VK 3 u Rshunt u IFint) x 1.3
VFint t 4 (450 3 x 2700 x 14 u 1.3 1771V
2
1771
P1SEC t 1161W
2700

Summary of Relay Settings and Components

Vs = 120V

Rshunt = 2700 Ohms, 45W continuous (typical manufacturers data)

Additional external Metrosil – not required.

POC (Fault Setting) = ( 3(IMAGLCT) + IMAGNCT + IMAGECT + Is + Ishunt ) / T

POC = (3(0.007) + 0.004 + 0.009 + 0.02 + 0.044) x 600 = 59A

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 38 of 40

 Technical Guidance Notes - Restricted Earth Fault Protection

5. Appendix

5.1 CT Magnetising Curve

Secondary R.M.S Volts

Figure 5-1 Typical CT Magnetising Curve (Class PX to IEC60044)

©2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Page 39 of 40

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