Eastern Samar National Comprehensive High School

Media and Information Literacy

Grade 12 – EIM-B, Tourism, ICT-B

In motion media…
 Each picture is a frame and that motion is created by rendering or showing consecutively several frames per
second.
 24 frames (pictures) or more per second makes for a smooth animation; videos, films, slides also make use of
frames.
 The series of graphics or images follow a sequence to create a story. The sequence is often called a story board
which shows a set of components (audio, visual, videos, etc) changing in time to create a story or a message.
Motion media can be produces formally and informally. Informally produced motion media are created by individuals
often for personal use. Formally produced motion media are created by professionals who follow industry standards in
creating, editing, and producing motion media.
Formal production of animations involve the following steps:
 Writing the story – writers and directors create the story board
 Script is written and dialogue is recorded
 Animator sketch major scenes; inbetweeners fill in the gaps
 Background music and background details are added
 Drawings are rendered
Note: Videos are produced in the same manner except that instead of drawing the scenes they are acted out and shot. Once
the scenes have been shot, all clips are edited and put together in a final product.
Motion media formats, Types and sources
According to Format:
Animations – animated gifs (graphic interchange format), Flash, Shockwave, Dynamic HTML
Video Formats/ Video Codecs – motion media use large resources. Codecs compresses and decompresses video files.
Examples are H.26N series, QuickTime, DivX, MPG, and MP4
According to purpose: education, entertainment, advertising
According to source: personal, social media, media companies
According to audience: private or p ublic; directed or general
The basic Method of determining the credibility of motion media:
a. Validity of information – is it peer reviewed and verifiable
b. Source – Primary or secondary source? Does the video capture the actual event or does it simply present
information learned about an event.
c. Relationship of the author to the event – Does he have firsthand knowledge
d. Technical methods in detecting tampering/fake video:
 Smoothness of video – this is often detected when movements are not smooth; when action seems to jump
from one position to another, as if some action was missing.
 Lighting coverage matches – one way to detect lighting matches is to look at the shadows; the source of
light determines the size and direction of the shadow.
 Scale and size Consistent – scale refers to how the size of the objects in reference to one another are near
the real thing. If the picture is reduced or enlarged by a certain percent then all of the objects should be
resized by that percent. Objects that are far away are usually smaller than objects that are nearer.
The advantages of Motion Media and Information:
 o It captures motion in a manner that can be viewed repeatedly
o It can show processes in detail and in sequence
o Simulations allow for safe observation
o It can cut across different cultures and groups
o It allows scenes, history, events, and phenomenon to be recreated
o It enables learning with emotions

The Limitations of Motion media and information:

o Compared to other forms of visual media the viewer cannot always interrupt the presentation
o It is often times more costly than other forms of visual media.
o Other data can be presented best using still images. Examples are graphs, diagrams, maps.
o It is subject to misinterpretation
Design Principles of motion media and information revolve around the following essentials elements:
 Speed can be constant or variable. The tone of the movement can be highlighted by the speed coupled with
music. A fast movement gives vigor and vitality, intensifying emotions. A slow movement connotes lethargy,
solemnity or sadness.
 Direction can indicate a movement from one direction to another. It can also refer to the growing or shrinking of
an object. As objects move, the background must remain in scale with the object.
 Motion Path refers to the route that the object will take. It shows the change in direction of a movement. It is
important to note the triggers to the change in direction of an object.
 Timing can be objective or subjective. Objective timing can be measured in minutes, seconds, days, etc.
Subjective timing is psychological or felt. Objective timing is used to produce subjective timing. Timing can be
used to clarify or intensify the message or the event. Using a pause can help time the events.
Design Principles in creating Movement
 Speed direction and timing should depict natural laws of Physics. This included trajectories, impact on objects
and reaction of the environment.
o affects recall. Fast movement sends much information. Slow movement provides emphasis and lasting
recall.
 Transitions are used to switch between scenes. Having a clear start and finish in your motion path or scenes.
Using neutral colors at the start or end of a scene is a good method for creating the right mindset.
 Sound and color adds depth and meaning to movement.
 Cartooning your graphic and text provides dynamic movement. This can be done by using the following
movements: stretching, rotating, and squashing.
 Blurring can be used in different ways. In animation, blurring can provide the illusion of fast movement. In
videos, it is often used to censor information for security or decency.
 Always review the purpose of the movement. Movement is not added for the sake of it.

Prepared by:
Ms. Cristine Elizabeth S. Abude
MIL Teacher