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PIB ANALYSIS

BY

ASHIRWAD
ASHIRWAD@WIFISTUDY UPSC
• Protection of Human • मानव अधिकार संरक्षण
Rights (Amendment) Bill, (संशोिन) धविे यक 2019
2019 • भारत के मुख्य न्यायमूर्ति के
• that a person who has been अर्तररक्त र्कसी ऐसे व्यक्तक्त,
a Judge of the Supreme जो उच्चतम न्यायालय का
Court is also made eligible न्यायाधीश रहा है , को भी
to be appointed as आयोग के अध्यक्ष के रूप में
Chairperson of the र्ियुक्तक्त हे तु पात्र बिाया जा
Commission in addition to सके।
the person who has been • आयोग के सदस्ोों की सोंख्या
the Chief Justice of India; को दो से बढाकर तीि र्कया
• to increase the Members of जा सके, र्जिमें से एक मर्हला
the Commission from two होगी।
to three of which, one shall
be a woman;
• to include Chairperson of • राष्ट्रीय र्पछडा वगि आयोग के
the National Commission अध्यक्ष, राष्ट्रीय बाल अर्धकार
for Backward Classes, सोंरक्षण आयोग के अध्यक्ष और
Chairperson of the National र्दव्याों गजिोों सम्बन्धी मुख्य
Commission for Protection आयुक्त को आयोग के सदस्ोों
of Child Rights and the के रूप में सक्तिर्लत र्कया जा
Chief Commissioner for सकेगा।
Persons with Disabilities as • आयोग और राज्य आयोगोों के
deemed Members of the अध्यक्षोों और सदस्ोों की
Commission; पदावर्ध को पाों च वर्ि से कम
• to reduce the term of the करके तीि वर्ि र्कया जा सके
Chairperson and Members और वे पुिर्िियुक्तक्त के र्लए
of the Commission and the पात्र होोंगे।
State Commissions from
five to three years and shall
be eligible for re-
appointment;
• to confer upon State • र्दल्ली सोंघ राज्यक्षेत्र से र्भन्न
Commissions, the functions अन्य सोंघ राज्य क्षेत्रोों द्वारा
relating to human rights र्िविहि र्कए जा रहे मािव
being discharged by the अर्धकारोों सम्बन्धी मामलोों को
Union territories, other राज्य आयोगोों को प्रदत्त र्कया
than the Union territory of जा सके, र्दल्ली सोंघ राज्यक्षेत्र
Delhi, which will be dealt के सम्बन्ध में आयोग द्वारा
with by the Commission. कायिवाही की जाएगी।
• to provide that a person
who has been a Judge of a
High Court is also made
eligible to be appointed as
Chairperson of the State
Commission in addition to
the person who has been
the Chief Justice of the High
Court; and,
• Banning of Cryptocurrency • ‘र्िप्टोकरें सी पर प्रर्तबोंध और
& Regulation of Official आर्धकाररक र्िर्जटल मुद्रा
Digital Currency Bill, 2019 का र्ियमि र्वधेयक, 2019’
• Group has highlighted the का मसौदा
positive aspect of • अपिी ररपोटि में सर्मर्त िे
distributed-ledger भारत में र्िस्ट्र ीब्यूटेि-ले जर
technology (DLT) and प्रौद्योर्गकी (िीएलटी) के
suggested various इस्तेमाल के र्लए उसके
applications, especially in सकारात्मक पक्षोों को रे खाों र्कत
financial services, for use of र्कया तथा र्वर्भन्न उपायोों का
DLT in India. सुझाव र्दया।
• र्वत्तीय सेवाओों के सोंबोंध में
उठाया गया है ।
• The DLT-based systems can • िीएलटी आधाररत प्रणार्लयोों
be used by banks and other को बैंक और अन्य र्वत्तीय
financial firms for processes कोंपर्ियाों इस्तेमाल कर सकती
such as loan-issuance हैं तार्क ऋण दे िे के र्लए
tracking, collateral प्रर्ियाओों की जाों च हो सके।
management, fraud इसके अलावा इसके जररये
detection and claims सोंपार्विक प्रबोंधि, धोखाधडी
management in insurance, का पता लगािे और बीमा में
and reconciliation systems दावोों का प्रबोंधि, और प्रर्तभूर्त
in the securities market. बाजार में सामोंजस् व्यवस्था
की सुर्वधा होगी।
• As for private • र्िजी र्िप्टोकरें सी के मद्दे िजर
cryptocurrencies, given the उिकी कीमतोों के उतार-चढाव
risks associated with them के जोक्तखम को ध्याि में रखते
and volatility in their prices, हुए सर्मर्त िे भारत में
the Group र्िप्टोकरें सी पर प्रर्तबोंध लगािे
has recommended banning की र्सफाररश की है । सर्मर्त
of the cryptocurrencies in िे भारत में इससे जु डी
India and imposing fines गर्तर्वर्धयोों के र्लए जु माि िा
and penalties for carrying लगािे का भी प्रस्ताव र्कया है ।
on of any activities
connected with
cryptocurrencies in India.
• As virtual currencies and its • आभासी मुद्रा और उसकी
underlying technology are प्रौद्योर्गकी के र्वकास को
still evolving, the Group has दे खते हुए सर्मर्त िे अपिी
proposed that the ररपोटि में सरकार को प्रस्ताव
Government may establish र्कया है र्क इस मुद्दे पर गौर
a Standing Committee to करिे के र्लए सरकार
revisit the issues addressed आवश्यकता होिे पर स्थायी
in the Report as and when सर्मर्त का गठि कर सकती
required. है ।
• GSLV MkIII-M1 Successfully • जीएसएलवी एमकेIII-एम1
Launches Chandrayaan-2 द्वारा चन्द्रयान-2
spacecraft अंतररक्षयान का सफल
• India’s Geosynchronous प्रक्षेपण
Satellite Launch Vehicle • प्रक्षेपण याि (जीएसएलवी)
GSLV MkIII-M1, successfully एमकेIII-एम1 िे
launched the 3840 kg आज 3840 र्कलोग्राम भार
Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft वाले चि्द्रयाि-2 अोंतररक्षयाि
into an earth orbit को पृथ्वी की एक कक्षा में
• GSLV MkIII-M1 successfully सफलतापूविक प्रक्षेर्पत कर
injected Chandrayaan-2 र्दया।
into an orbit of 6000 Km • जीएसएलवी एमकेIII-एम1
more than the intended याि िे चि्द्रयाि-2 को 6,000
orbit and is better र्कलोमीटर की एक कक्षा तक
सफलतापूविक पहुों चा र्दया
• GSLV Mk III is a three-stage • जीएसएलवी एमकेIII इसरो
launch vehicle developed द्वारा र्वकर्सत र्कया गया तीि
by ISRO. The vehicle has अवस्थाओों वाला एक प्रक्षेपण
two solid strap-ons, a core याि है । इस याि में दो सॉर्लि
liquid booster and a स्टरैप-ऑि, एक कोर र्लक्तिि
cryogenic upper stage. The बूस्टर और िायोजर्िक
vehicle is designed to carry ऊपरी अवस्था है । यह याि 4
4 ton class of satellites into टि के उपग्रहोों को
Geosynchronous Transfer भूसमकार्लक पररवति ि कक्षा
Orbit (GTO) or about 10 (जीटीओ) या लगभग 10 टि
tons to Low Earth Orbit लो अथि ऑर्बिट (एलईओ) का
(LEO). वहि करिे के र्लए र्िजाइि
र्कया गया है ।
• Chandrayaan-2 is India's • चोंद्रयाि-2 भारत का चाों द पर
second mission to the दू सरा र्मशि है । इसमें पूरी
moon. It comprises a fully तरह से स्वदे शी ऑर्बिटर,
indigenous Orbiter, Lander लैं िर (र्विम) और रोवर
(Vikram) and Rover (प्रज्ञाि) का इस्तेमाल र्कया
(Pragyan). The Rover गया है । रोवर प्रज्ञाि र्विम
Pragyan is housed inside लैं िर के अोंदर क्तस्थत है ।
Vikram lander.
• The mission objective of • चोंद्रयाि-2 र्मशि का उद्दे श्य
Chandrayaan-2 is to महत्वपूणि प्रौद्योर्गकी को
develop and demonstrate र्वकर्सत करिा और इसका
the key technologies for प्रदशि ि करिा है । इसमें चाों द
end-to-end lunar mission र्मशि क्षमता, चाों द पर सॉफ्ट-
capability, including soft- लैं र्िों ग और चाों द की सतह पर
landing and roving on the चलिा शार्मल हैं । र्वज्ञाि के
lunar surface. On the सोंबोंध में यह र्मशि चाों द के
science front, this mission बारे में हमारे ज्ञाि को
aims to further expand our बढाएगा। चाों द की भौगोर्लक
knowledge about the Moon क्तस्थर्त, खर्िज, सतह की
through a detailed study of रासायर्िक सोंरचिा, ताप-
its topography, mineralogy, भौगोर्लक गुण तथा पररमण्डल
surface chemical के अध्ययि से चाों द की उत्पर्त्त
composition, thermo- और र्वकास की समझ बेहतर
physical characteristics and होगी।
• Chandrayaan-2 has several • चोंद्रयाि-2 में कई र्वज्ञाि
science payloads to पैलोि लगे हैं जो चाों द की
facilitate a more detailed उत्पर्त्त और र्वकास के बारे में
understanding of the origin र्वस्तृत ब्यौरा प्रदाि करे गा।
and evolution of the Moon
• JATAN: Virtual Museum software
• The National Portal and Digital Repository for
Indian Museums is developed and hosted by
Human Centres Design and Computing Group, C-
DAC, Pune, as per the agreement with Ministry of
Culture, Government of India.
• Human Centres Design and Computing Group,
being a technical expertise, developed JATAN:
Virtual Museum software which is used for creating
the digital collections in various museums and
digital archival tools that are used in background for
managing the National Portal and Digital Repository
for Indian Museums.
• several initiatives to improve overall research eco-system
in the country
1. Research & Development (R&D) expenditure in India
tripled during the period from 2004-05 to 2014-15.
2. Uchhatar Avishkar Yojana (UAY), which promotes industry
sponsored, outcome-oriented research with an outlay of
Rs.475.00 crore.
3. 25% of the funds under UAY are contributed by the
Industry.
4. Impacting Research Innovation and Technology (IMPRINT)
focuses on socially relevant research in higher educational
institutions with a budget provision of Rs.487 crore.
5. Establishment of 9 research parks at a total cost of Rs.775
crore, 8 of them being in the Indian Institutes of
Technology (IITs) and one in Indian Institute of Science
(IISc).
6. These research parks will propel innovation through
incubation and joint research between academia and
industry.
7. Prime Minister’s Research Fellows (PMRF) Scheme
launched with an outlay of Rs.1650 crore incentivises the
most meritorious students to pursue research in the
frontier areas of science & technology by offering
attractive rates of fellowship from Rs.70,000/- to
Rs.80,000/- per month in addition to research grant of
Rs.2.00 lakh per year for five years.
• 361 Complaints of Child Labour Resolved Through Pencil
Portal
• ensure effective enforcement of the provisions of the Child
Labour Act and smooth implementation of the National
Child Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme a separate online
portal Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child
Labour (PENCIL) has been launched w.e.f. 26.9.2017.
• The Portal connects Central Government to State
Government(s), District(s), all Project Societies and the
General public.
• Bridge Over Brahmaputra Bridge Over Brahmaputra
• The work of construction of four-lane bridge including
approaches over River Brahmaputra between Dhubri on
North Bank in Assam and Phulbari on South Bank in
Meghalaya is being taken up with loan assistance from
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).
• The estimated cost of this work is Rs. 4997.04 crore.
• The construction period is 7 years and 9 months and the
projected date of completion is in the year 2026-27.
• This work falls under the project ‘North East Road Network
Connectivity Improvement Project’.
• National Highways and Infrastructure Development
Corporation Limited (NHIDCL), a Central Public Sector
Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Road Transport and
Highways, is the executing agency.

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