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    World Fertilizer

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    31 views4 pages

    World Fertilizer January February 2017

    Uploaded by

    jmkwavi66
    World Fertilizer

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4
    Ultra-Low emissions High efficiency for reduced operating costs. Competitive cost. Modular design available at varying capacities Proven technology from tier 1 suppliers, ‘Accelerated environmental permitting. Best avalable control technology designation likely. Reduced water consumption. Figure 1. California Grannus ammonia plant site layout. Figure 2. Lurg! GasPOX unit (courtesy of Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Table 1. Waste fuel boiler N, 482338 Pwas 0.01 (0.045 g/m’ per 24 br) 72. WORLD FERTILIZER | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2017 Ulera-low emissions -Asigficant portion ofthe ar emissions associated with a traditional SMR-based ammonia plant arse fom the combustion cof Fuel to eat the catalysts located in the reformer section of the SMR. The Grannus Processeliminates this wast by using fue oxygen and a noncatlysed exothermic partial oxidation system, where 100% of the natual gas entering the system is sed as hydrogen producing feedstock The system produces almost no nitrogen oxides (NO,) and no sulfur ondes(50,) ‘emissions because the system doesnot introduce nitrogen and requires no combustion of fuel forthe generation of heat. ven the CO, produced bythe plantisfood grade and canbe sold for beneficial use, and can create an addtional reverve source for theplant Compared to SMR-based ammonia pant, this new technology produces 20% less CO, per tonne of ammonia ‘manufactured. Further enhancing the emissions profile ofthe California plants the elimination of CO, emissions from long:tansport via ocean vessel ~ reducing the total landed CO, profile by 80% The net effect ofthese innovations isa 250 shor tpd amenonia plant that produces less than 2\b ay of any citeraair pollutant. High efficiency for reduced operating costs Unlike an SiR based plant, very stage of Grarnus Pres plans are exothermic This rates an ational potential for cogeneration of pone which more than offsets the anclary power demand fr runing an ait separation unt (ASU) For the plant in California this means a 250 shor tpd plant has total efcency of es than 30 millon Btu/shot (includ al ancilary toads and power demand). Thsmilion Bu eficency inclades a -nillon Btu/short 'srcharge! due to addtional equipment necesary to achieve California emisions requirements ~ an expense not inured contracted elsewhere Furthe as plat sz increases, ational efficiency gains are realed by scaling efficiencies common tothe indus fuch as mae efficent capture and utsation of star), Competitive cost SMRs representa large portion of the overall CAPEX for nitrogen plants. Whereas, the PO, burner and waste heat recovery systems included ina Grannus Process plant are ess expensive at awide variety of size clases. n particular the PO, system (eg the Lurg (GasPOX technology offered by ir Liquide Global ERC Solutions) has advantages at regional-sized plants where SMR face scaling challengesn addition, because the PO, burner isron-catalytic, ‘catalyst cost are eliminated and ongoing maintenance is reduced Including the modular ASU in the CAPEX work-up, the Calfernia plant will have an installed cost per tonne ator below SMR plants three timesits size. ‘Modular design available at varying capacities ‘The inherent CAPEX advantages ofthe Grannus Process design are being further leveraged trough a focus on modular and scalable engineering design that wil allow for highly repeatable equipment fabrication a several standard plant sizes. initial offerings wil beat 250,500 and 1000 short tpd, with larger plant sizes under development. The modular design coupled with standardised engineering and equipment packages wil also reduce construction time and cost (including construction financing costs when compared to traitional‘stick-built construction, Table 2. Ammonia vent (to Atm) # 97 cH, 255 A 585 Figure 3. Air separation unit (courtesy of Air Liquide Global £&C Solutions) Figure 4. Grannus Process” simplified process flow diagram Proven technology from tier 1 suppliers. Allequpment contained in Gans Procesplants are proven technology and commercially aalable t sales from 20 short tpd to over 1000 shor pd, All equipment is provided by tier vendors who have extensive experience in oxygen, hycrogen ane armenia production For the Calo plant, i Lqude i providing key equipment and engineering forthe production of tydkogen and Haldr Topsoe I providing the sae forthe armenia loop 74 | WORLD FERTILIZER | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2017 Accelerated environmental permitting Since Grannus Process plants emit minimal levels of eiteria air pollutants, project development risks associated with permitting are greatly reduced. Dependingon the requirements of a customer’ jurisdiction, the permitting process may be ministerial and can even make the permitting process nor-applcabe (ie. no pert require). Best available control technology Inthe US, Grannus expect its design to become best available control technology (BACT) forall ammonia production facilities and, eventually for all syngas derived products thus eventually requiring new plants to meet Grannus’ emissions profile Reduced water consumption ‘Water consumption salsoa consideration for ammonia production particularly during droughts and in aid locations. For comparison a recent analysis estimated that 608 ga. offresh ‘water is consumed per short tonne of ammonia produced by an ‘SMR based plant! The Grannus Process uses 170 gal short t produced Of that total, two-thirds isused for making hydrogen For the Calfoia plant this represents a reduction oF 117 acre of water per year ~ or oughly 60 Olympic swimring pools Further due to the lower water usage, wastewater processing and remediation ies costly Simplified process flow “The Grannus Process uses basic building blocks that can be configured in arumber of ways to make chemicals such as hydkogen, ammonia, methanol and associated byproducts ‘As described nthe preceding, partial cxdation snot fll combustion isan exothermic reaction of the natural gs and pure oxygen gas ming na reduced atmosphere i the GasPOX reaction vessel, here het i elased and synthesis gas composed ‘of carbon monoxide and hydkogen is produced Heat iextracted from the hot syngas ina waste heat bor (WHE) before it enters ‘the water gas shit reaction (WS) where addtional yckogen is ‘eleased from water and carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide by consuming the free oxygen. Hydrogen is then cleaned by the acid gas removal system (RGR) and pressure swing adsorption (PSA systems. Recycled gas has a purge stream to remove ier gases below the US Environmental Protection ‘Agency (EPA) limits. End-product food grade carbon dioxide can be sold orfneeded released to the atmosphere Clean hydrogen _and nitrogen are sent to the ammonia loop, Steam created by heat recovery ofthe reaction is sent tothe steam turbine generator to power the compressors and air separation unit. ‘Summary In sureary the Grannus plant in California represents sifcant step forward inthe production of ammonia. With ts highly

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