Conversational Chinese 301 was first published in 1990. Its revised edition, included in the series of " BLCU choice textbook for learner ernment crn eae eee Haat Neen eer ee NO volumes: Volume 1 and Volume 2. Versions of the third edition annotated in different languages will be published successively to satisfy the various needs of learners of Chinese all over the world. * SOULE RE 25 all over the world at present DAZ SC _ CHINESE 301) (Cl ME XBR MH Kong Yuhua & Lai Siping Stk RiaBIE 301 6) A ARR. ~3 6 AEE AERIS AL, 2001 LET ISBN 9078-75619 ~ 1403-8 1a 1. OR O- TL. Oi — ie — toe ee — e WV. HI95.4 PIRI 1H CIP RAR (2005) 015273 5 EM: SER tama: 9k hide KS haat tht (CRUDE PERE 15'S BRUIT. 100083 fie wore Heup.com BB: MGB 8230306873591 3650 e885 80303395 RVR 97303653 /3908 FRECTROESI® 92303668 SPREE serviow@bleup.net IRPRAABAD PETES 2 2005 £7 SIE 3h 2011 1 EIS BREDA 787 RE x 1092 A 1/16 DRA: 13.75 2 MS FE : ISBN 978-7 $619 1403-8 / H-05014 + 38.0055 Rea | oS SueoM | ee AAORRMAM, ARR, BE: 67303590 Ci SW (RELI 501 YY) WMT 1990 , 1998 seh aT Bhi, HRA A ALTER” BF. BSE 501 TY BMAX, EX, HAWKES AEHHERA, RHC, CAMARA 50 FEE, BREF ERR RH. THU RREABASH ARAL EA, RAEUMT RAB HH ER, HAMHASKRGTLEARAR YH. B-, ERWRACTROMET, RRRRRSMHSS CHAS, Bo, AH Akh RAL, tae A RECEP, Ne FeO, RA FRE, HEMABAMRM LH LEARANKA, ARN, RERG, REHM, HRW. A RAGARRRS HPT ERS AAR HHT IRGT “SR. CRESS. HT RB EAARESM, PENAL, FRA 458 B58 50! 47) HO a EM NB HERA, URRERSRA AGES ITH BR, RSA MRE 2005 #79 Ht CRBS 301 4) BAD RRA. AHIAOR, FARARAR. 408A REE “PUG”, “AHIR” ERM 304, 4 800 AEEURREEAEE, GRAOT, SH, HR SOR, 2, HR. GVEARD. ADE LAH FS DBE AT Be A RAR BESANEOA HG RMS. BK REP RTA, RR ROME LR FLA, GE A ae AAT ea HR RASA 301 Hy, HEH HL SRST RAT, RACE PEA BTARRBH AH, HH -PFTTER EHS cd TGR A BLA eS SRAREAPAT ARR, Maa DA BAER, ALT a A fe HEGRE, RETA ABAAPAHS ACA EER, AMRMS—KR=EHEM. ARBRA, MIRZEA— ASEH MR AK, NAST RB. SEHLABRAR TRESS RRS ARAL. ae 1989469 PREFACE Conversational Chinese 301 's intended to be an intensive course book for foreigners who have just started to lear Chinese, ‘This book consists of 40 lessons and 8 reviews. The 40 lessons encompass nearly 30 communicative functions such as “Greetings” and “Making an Acquaintance’, about 800 new words and the fundamentals of Chinese grammar. Each lesson is divided into six pans: Sentences, Conversation, Substitution and Extension, New Words, Grammar, and Exercises. This book lays emphasis on improving the ability ofthe learner to use Chinese for communication. It integrates the communicative function with the grammatical steucture and presents the most essential and useful part ofthe language in the linguistic environments one is usually exposed to In dally life, so as to enable the learner to master the 301 basic conversational sentences fairly quickly, and on that basis, through “Substtuion and Extension” practice, to acquire the ability to carry on simple conversations withthe Chinese. In this way, the book will also help lay a solid foundation for further study. In view of the characteristics of language learning of the adult, we use not only easy-to-understand language, but aso simple grammar. ll his will help im use the grammatical rules to guide his own language practice and draw inferences about other cases from ane instance. ‘The exercises are varied and plentiful. The reviews give due attention to improving the conversational and narrative skills of the learner, as wellas systematically summarizing the grammar points covered. The exercises in each lesson and the reviews may be used in totality or in part, according to actual circumstances. ‘The Compileshea © HE Comme 89 a se stn tig, New Woda ey eel ist Arh sen te mar he en ca ocr te enemas, Carer Satin and En ny ner, The ecg of Gramma ted ‘wah we prc Sao nti a clap et ao fen ner Tobusae ho seth ook tse Lesson 1.6 emp ow Thay run and ang oslo ny a. in tut be pac tothe colocation of words, The words stucarts hava earned shui be used o form ahrases, or short sentences, tek acts WEEE FFE BAR et. 5 + ai fms poms; \ Anstnes__ =” fea ne ntore i. = ter) ‘| Be cae Se = emt ae i wrxaine L. en Ls (rear mt re dens ' na a ° 180 In tactng new wort. he mort tunis Hao lared bles shouts recyiad and earng of ne ne sctences ar gram pola stculabeemphased. Some complestad ganna pois and be uEsp8 [Ureson woes can be Mostated an expediting of Senaneee Me Sentences of sec isn ae cufilly Choe, Siaent should eal he loud repestey ual they far tbe by bet iret ethos o ean thee smn ane adap 1h FEMIB JL a ee LE se oo A a Re Hit, oe Aw aE A? ae auA oe aA, 4 Am f cor mR. eR ate a ce on (Ws Mh ie HD oe ETA RAE oD oso An FART “Lemania, 1 Substitution Ba Aae ere. Hm BaA TL. Tororaasirses johectonetideeb aad ro) KEBAPE. [Ras FREE ferreeera. - fi 4 (One conversalionis generaly composed of several setions. Students may leam one by one. i: ae se am, Aw emu? YK cago a ere) VS Ae ae were?) atee ae tee \ vse “ee ar ys ese ee. pera ) 26 ethan atest A. aoe ny he, 8 Bone ‘Armor sf wo Gg. yo ah a win) | = £m —=— omy eked : es — fie Se ie | | bag Pee oe Se age | Sera sete sizes Wing ge VA ee ere cat seme a) = Inclos,sadoris may stead ne oxact ios oth conversation I es a hen ptorm ‘he cleaving wot retenng fo the ctignalveson ofa conversation. Wen coming oe ‘werinn tnt may onde ae eotwesaion rele oie pie of he ascon For ose ino tidy on their own, they may Ted tne conven repeatedly soc My fo cenves@ nah ‘omoone age atone,Exercises are closey related to the Erovous parts of Subatitution, Extension, anc Conversation. The teacher may soloct some of the exercises according to tha spoctic siuaton, Tesching and learning shoul he tobe, | 3 / innocents sen t So oi pe acltathee es itmwenereasn ae veo eee cman eee ean oe: sin tree “ — — acter coxctera | Seen om } I | Scere ede | Sfangies ewan | eg Os nn Fo ares yout Mpc mae d eel RRM. RRANLRER. WL) oped. © sere nm am ” / a Bn Ge] sergacmesaun san Reanim. Ste er eee : nae. ee Sgulipeedaes period Oneky nn fone em ‘seeps ta cs. cana Sem stopuacay spar ome" wearin, renacne-—w. cua na. wes ce ot: a ween, pomaee “eww sor erem woe * SoS Since. soon soe ; J a re ern ray owns “on ; a of gf tt ee Se eens ant = = 220 mean . wa & = A cnastn tay ost "posable exerts can be done the not day whan stents have mastered wha hey leerad Fee ‘conversion can ao be concuted when sents have fe review lesson he ex dey.DUTT HR (1) ia 3800 RCT) BR aK(-) ee som sammie BER oe fawe(=) 6% aR) ite HRS) ihek AR (noe 1. FOR, A) 3. Fil 5. ei AFG, 1, AE, ARKO) 3. SBM) Letts, 1. AEG) 3. BFS IRAA(3) 3. Jt epRtt 1 m5” ts 3. veaesm AM Et BRP 1. aia ty 3.58" PAI) g5(-) a) 2. HD, 4. ft 6. HES RAL) (9) 2. DFR) a7) 2. 9G) 4 to seiM 6. ES (27) 2. FARE Cay (38) 2. RAUB AEIB (44),BAR Rie NR BAR STR hee) ati wi) 4B iia =) ee saa(=) nia) he ‘wiACH) ie sx) aE RED) be rie: ALAS «a7 1 Rian 2.4. FU, FL, RIK ei B.S, (RALOA en 1" PA 2. Sri EL (67) 1 ut te: 2. faa (CE ZERBIL (75) 1a 2k AR EMBL (83) 1 fica) 2. TERR) @5(>) (1) BET (95) 1 ieubia “T7C) 2. aia BELEK (103) 1A ay 2. REM bial co) atmR RRM) BIRR (aay Stak BEG) REIKI 129) BAR hae ~ aay2. ah Abs Sahil, asia, MNS TET Bote Ae ARIAT (175) G6 1 PEMERNAT 2. PRNEAD IE SA 238 (185) | LE (agi) CONTENTS ‘The Chinese Phonetic Alphabet( I ) Abbreviations ( IL) Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Phonetics Phonetics Phonetics Grammar Grammar How do you do? 1 Initials and finals (1) 2, Phonetic alphabet (1) 3. Tones 4. Neutral tone 5. Change of tones 6. Notes ‘on spelling (1) How is your health? 1 Initials and finals 2) 2. Phonetic alphabet (2) 3. Notes. ‘on spelling 2) ‘Aro you busy with your work? 8. 2. Phonetic alphabet (3) 3. Notes 4. Chany fon spelling (3) ge of tones of “A” and “ 5. Rewoflexion with -- 6. The dividing mark May I know your name? 1. Questions wits “#5” 2, Questions with nterrogative pronouns. 3. The sentence with an adjectival predicate Let me ntroduce, IL The semtence with a verbal predicate 2. The atributive znitive 3.The "38" sentence (1) Review (1) © ) an en (35) (44)Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Lesson 13, Lesson 14 Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar When is your bithday? (a7) 1. The sontence with a nominal predicate 2. Ways to show the year, the month, the day and the days of the week 3. The question tag “~~, 70" How many people are there in yourtamiiy? (87) L.The “f/" sentence 2, Prepositional constructions what ime i it? (67) 1, How to el time 2, Grammatical functions of time words ‘Where do you live? (75) 1. The sentence with verbal constructions in series 2. Adverbial adjuncts Where is the post office? (83) 1, Words of location 2, The affrmative-negative question Review (1) «) | want to buy some oranges. (5) 1. The modal particle“ "(1) 2, Reduplication of verbs | want to buy a sweater. (103) 1. The sentence with a subject-predicate construction as its predicate 2, Modal verbs ‘You have to change buses. an) 1. The sentence with a dtransitive verb as its predicate 2. The modal verb “2” 3, Numeral-measure compounds acting as atributives Lam going to change money. cra) Lesson 15 Lesson 16 Lesson 17 Lesson 18 Lesson 19 Lesson 20 Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar a 1. The pivotal sentence 2. The modal particle “7"2) wart o take a picture call (129) 1. The “£2 sentence 2. The complement of result 3. The preposition “Hh” view SH) 37) () Haveyou ever seen a Beling opera? (141) 1. The aspect particle “31 2. The sentence without a subject 3. The expression "26H (47) I” Going the 200 (r49) 1. The alternative question 2 The sentence with verbal constructions in series showing the manner of an action 3. The directional complement (1) Did you have a good tip? (157) LThe expression “HT” 2. The expression“ J2--(f)" a ‘You we welcome, (165) 1. The objects of “s\” and “4” with “AK JL" and “JIL 2. The complement of freguency 3.A verb, verb phrase or subjectpredicate phrase as an attributive Lets have atoasttoourtiendship! (175) 1. The complement of degree 2. The complement of degree and the object. Review (1) (185) Vocabulary asi)EG) Ol am pit HOW DO You 00 minge! noun ae, Al dict pronoun i ED ae oaaet be VF Sentences i (HERD —“HERZHd_~—néngyudn donget modal ver’ oe read xingréngct adjective O01. te 371° ow do you do? Ni hao! ce sia shici numeral a fanget measure wo One eB paca ceo mid li&ingei orc aoe | @ aia fs adverb ba We oP) si jidet preposition a Very wel 2) itt lisnet conjunet F i ‘ re frente 4) 004 aR ae, iaaete a sia zhiet particle Wo 8 hen hoo. shes —— dongtat zhuct aspect particle esti) jlégou zhuct structural particle THU yagi zhuet ‘modal particle | ey mai tne imterjectic Bey BN xidnashénget ‘onomatopoeia Gy ids tou prefix ge) ie clei suffixAD. MR, tk AF! dows: Mall.” nf hol sw. tht, KE! wo: Nindo. Dawei! te BP NI hao ma? wm. AR HF, TRAE HP ture’ Hen hijo, NI hiio ma? = RAR wires: WO yé hén héo. GEAR, Notes © “tye” Hello / Hiy FIR HTORGE. ETON, ACAI ee ORE OTH A ETO J wine “Ost”. Misan everyday greting and is used at anytime, on any oovesion and by a person of any social stats, The eply should also be "#45". © “EHFR)" How are your AMAR. NE ARIE IRIE” PN. AHF eB AZ Itisaneveryday greting an is usually used between acquaintances. polit expression sch as “ARLE” can be used asa reply A aE te HTT 1 en 37°37 en hao ma? AM RH, Wmen dou hén hd IR HF, 2A RB? Ni lai ma? aR, W6 Idi. #8. HH Aa? fem & A, te FB? Nihdo ma? WENHIOU Jae £ a6 @ 3 = Wang Lan ‘Wang Lan a yon ee - Phonetics on ‘ovo pate) hen very wo kn ye aso. 100 iitmen you (lara ta se, ber ta te, him amen they them : " 2 HH (1) Phonetic eiohebet (2) warnae wens a a (ear rar en eee roy _b | ba] bo bai | bei | bao ban | ben |bang| {ai pa | po. pai | pei [pao] pou | pan | pen [pang| baba tates dad m_|ma | mo [me [mai |mei mao |mou |man |men [mang 7 . [tal fo fei fou | fan! fen [fang aoing: he da de | dai | dei | dao [dou [dan | den |dang| ia te | tar tao [tou | tan tang] na ‘nai [nei | nao |nou [nan | nen nang] a Toi [tei | 00} tou [ ton lang ‘gai [ge [ 900 gou | gan | gen [gang kai | kei | kao [kou | kan | ken [kang] hai | het [hao [hou [han | hen [hang| glee ele3 FIA Tones 5 SRiB Chenge of tones Sci PRE. NS ATTA, ABATE CBO) + 1 BEM). REN. *ORBNHD AER. Chines is ome langues. thas four basic tones, which are indicated respecte by the tome {the sxond tone, ~ (thi ne) and "(he Foust tone). () BMS Hee eM, TEAM CE OAL “(Ht nt hao” MSEREWEAEA “ni nao", “a Wes two 3 tne come together, the is te changes it th 2nd (it is one remains ;). e.g. “#ilif nihGo"\How are you) is actually pronounced as. a Bae —e (2) Ba PER—. . NAR, MEM OR ym "RAE Se iM. GAN; FIM nimen--ni men. * ‘When lube inthe ed tone precedes a able inet 2a th or aaron, ronouece inthe al on, tha ithe tne onl fils doesn't ne “881° nian raps: ~ (he first tone), iE LEFF) mG CK). ma)» MASI BABS me “Thetones are used to distin gm (other), mé hemp, M8 Chrse), MB to cure) anings a sya iinet tones have clferet meanings Sy ANESTRUS deca: LAT MBER AHL nnd. APES PLN PL LG zed NAT Sa CRT ES i ina syllable the tone graphs pet above the vowel i the graph 8 HHS WAD (1) Notes on spelling (1) ‘When there is only one vowel Isabove the vowel the dot of somite. eg), When there ae PR FRAN. ATURE, UE CE y «HEU BC we A ; io = yoiuo— wos Finals beginning with or u, when ot precede ty any initial, shoul be change respectively ! ittoy and wwe. i ye.uo— wo, the Final ofa slab the tone-graph falls onthe main vowel, eI PERM Diagram of tones ’ a -piteh 4 SPB midhigh pit - BD Exercises 28 i low-tech @ BATHE centee th following conversions (1) as Ohh! (2) Ay Be Fishy! 4 16 ow pitch = RM Isuione | BF Dad tone ~ MER ction + BDU intone en 4 2 Noutral tone SRGIGMT AE WARY LL, Ute. SEAT RINS, Ps abO CE #8). ramen itd « in Common Speech, some syllables are pronounce! both fight and short. Such atone PrAgG? the neuiral tone, which lacks a tone-raph represematon in writing e.g aba (ater), abegoa? RL * hey)aa eme) —— Qiaiz mass sivaion! saloons CD ARAN 2 SLT TAA, ‘You meet and greet your classmates, Ms 2 ken HOW ARE ) IER, WW / HONS HN, NTR fou (Ona vst your fends home, you gret his/her fter and mse. Perm eme, RIFT 6 me wt tee ee ote a Qin weIs rmie sim 005 th #10 Good eso! (1) REF Discrimination of sounas: Seis ba A pa it ow 0 fe 00g tk Ht HF OP How are you? gu % = ku tui HF NI shént! ho ma? do 8} tte gt MK TL 007 = ahhit! Thanks! 2) B58 cree oF trea xine! i pukto aM hen ho AF i dado {Tt fenbt AE os FE! Good-bye! i meinto SAF widio #84 Zogen mig AR hen ei AR met naiwei 0K hen hai nage | (3) SBF Neutral tone toto AE name heide AS gee Wibo >I maimei2 Z. eens Eee WeraBeh: pete. eh te! Ni 20! te) NI 2uo! te AR AF 7 Ni shentt hao ma? AROSE, HH! Hen ho. xiéxiol dein Nimen héo ma? BU AK AR IF, GOR HF AP ‘Women dou hén héo. Nin shéntl héo ma? a ART. BL! Y@ hén hao. Zaijian! HR! Zaijiant ERE. Notes © “ERIN Good mornings | FaPRiBE. SUE es. 113s aneveryday greeting that is used only when people meet each othe nthe moming. @ “WE (The respecitl form of “f") SARAH" ORS. ME TEAR. TTL PD As MPHIL. ULHTRL “", Itisa respectful form ofthe second person pronoun “f:". is normally reserved For old people or elders. To show politenes, onc may extend is use co people of his own generation, expecially at he fint meting. % SRT RE RE 2th SRG? fe thi etl EE RAM wi ho jit hdo shisi hao rsh’qi hao 2A BRAG, FER RB? Jintian lid ROO. Li Wdosht I6i ma? B: # KR. Ta iéi, WENHOU. = a | ee 2 Wang ‘Wang (sumame) re a wo = 3 ‘Zhang Ziosnng (surname) > shénti xiexie. to thank i. \oshi teaches a a 1 783.188 (2) ites end fats 2) yi one i q x z c s ar oid zh ch sh r to san three (on) | (en) | (ang) | eng | ong ia igo tiel (iu) = er wil five . is ae : 5 ion in | jong | (ing) jong Pack _ 4 er 1 ba oie 2 HRB (2) Phonetic eohabet (2 es a shi Ps Ls | ee x Wc N a fia | jioo je | jw | jan | jin | jong! jing | jiong Nea cw jintian today qo | qo | ge | iu | ion | gin |giang| ging | gong xid_| xiao | xie | xiu | xian | xin | xiang) xing | xiong EES @WENHOU @ HHA convene te conersntions @) ae em, 4 Bilis @) AU: Hb, Mee abit > i: Als sibpemg2 AR RA (9) Es A SHOT? aia, - Es #@_ 2 yh, filet ) 3 HERE (2) Notes on soeling } 0) WE Ru RAPE, RABIN y wwe MET: jyis Ue “Wen the nals and u form lables by themselves. they are proce espesiely by i and Ws eg ivi (2) 3.4F'SHROA (9) Notes on spelling (3) clair ome ae IFLA AMyu. Set Hanya (RIB). yudnei be). will be writen as yu when it forms a syle hy itself or appears a the beginning of w syllable, eg. Hor (Chinese) yudnai courtyard Qin a, XSUAELU TRASSEM, U.N Am. jODi AD). usa Ds ‘When are pt before anda inal beginning with the two dots in wl be omit, @ ei. vem se He ow. When uel and ven follow in + HOTER A, Eee oui oun, $0 hut). doin Is they change respectively ino -ul and -Un in writing, 1 the vowel in the middle is deleted, eg hu (eur, dn (on 4.7K", “—" BYSEIE Change of tones of “A” and “—" OR" CM PAN MeO INI bE". IB xe CR i) ba shiCARIE) . #02 ASHE OSIETRINPS “bu”. Ma bo. xInCRSHD «bial 01). bi OO RED « is pronounced in the 2nd tone (bi) be syllable in the Sth tone ora syle in eur tone reduced from the AU tone, eg. BB xi€ (Nota al), BG 3h CN Bu isstll pronounced in the 4 tome (BO) when it precedes sylable inthe Ist, ad on 3d tone. bi Xin (not mew), is IA ot eo a ih (not good Sa ees yh iy kU" — Be yh ge” (Ps ER. PhP URSA yi", fa “yl tan” (38) 5 “yi nién"(—F) “vig "(8s « is pronounced in the 2 one (hein sable in the Sth tone oa splale inthe outa tone reduced fom the Ath tone, e.. Yi Kual (a block/bar), i ge (apiece). But" is pronounced in the th tone) when it precedes slluble inthe Is, al od tone eg. yt (a dhayy min (a you, Vel gether 5. JUG Retrofiexion with-r core NCAI Oe A, CALA LAR A Att. fe won GIL). huar CID» {ris often added 1 aother final make it revoflese. The tefl Final is anwsibed by ding to the original final, ep. Won (play), hud lower,6 RGIS The dividing mark os 0. © FFIAAA TIMER AE NPN, AT OLE SPAM, LAE. ET) RagF. Mm n'érCleJL)« © HBR PILAR Aoower the tollowing questions scooting to actual (1) Hi faeE I? is atached wo another sllable, itis desirable @) SR mE A) WR Oakew? (5) PRE (O85, HEME dO. cdenbenr: BRS) Exercise Q BB Prove ails QE TAIAETEIEA pone etl oo the following phates and mate sintnces (1) REF niserintnauion oF sounds QATAR compte the conversations with te geen words (1) Ae SR ARAKI? zhi — shing che. — shéngehdn huédéng = — xin qido | —— tuxigo | — (2) 98 oiserinnauion oF tones (2) as SRI? 8: bMS. BR chit . téngzhi héshut xiqh huiyi -Prd Eve zeh) 04 énéng jl) ng'er can Revie (3) er” AULGBY “er” ono revroriex rinats érduo i ershi 1 MAY | KNOW YOUR NAME vyihuir fs yidiénr ‘ vyixidr J yduditinr ff! I huar ah wone vi) i } ibohdir ys bingguar —oiHLIL i 013 AM Om, Tam Mary Wé jiao Mali. I 3 i O14 GR fk, RM HR, 1 aim pleased to meet you Rénshi ni. hén gdoxing. 015 & HH?° May I know your nai Nin guixing? O16 tk HA & FIP What's your nam Ni jito shénme mingzi? O17 fe 42% What's his name? Taxing shénme? 018 HARA, HFA, She ie ota teacher, She sa Ta bi shilGoshi. 14 shixuésheng. sunt28 BS b.. om. =e. ae Ee. Rol am, thie 12? Wo jido Man, nt xing shénme? RE AM E Wo xing Wang. wé jlo Wang HGR tk, AR AR, Rénshi ni, hén gaoxing, ARK, KR WAR BR, Rénshi nl, w6_ y8 hén gaoxing, &, AB Kei AZ, mat Hen. KB. ENR, MB HH? Laoshi, nin gui xing? RHR HHA BFP Wo xing Zhang. NI jito shénme mingzi? RY AD, th BHA? Wo jido Dawei. Ta xing shénme? wee, Te xing Wang. HR BM? Ta shi Iosht ma? Conversation REO. WRAL, WR FA, Dere'ee TA bu shi Ioshi. ta shi xuésheng. HERE, Notes © “ERIE” May | know your namey SIEM, SCN CI td. RAN aR Aid ca ‘This isa respectful and polite way of asking the name of» person. The answer isnot emit", bur “Re ", © “MEE AR" What's you namey WAT PE 2" ALKIRE, WTA ITE AMIE. ad RBM. PM, ASANTE (One may also use “filf| 2". Tris used by elders when they want to know the ‘names of young people or between young people. One shouldnt use it, therefore, when he ‘wants to know an elders name or when he needs show respet and politeness to his hearer © “Bs HEZ2" What's his nerey ‘HONSR = CONT. AL A Tis used for asking another person's name. One shouldnt say “fit 4" Substitution end Extension fe MNS TE tee BAA 29