Name: VINAY K GOLI

Gynecology and Obstetrics

1. Study of female reproductive system is called as Gynecology, and study of pregnancy and
child birth is called as Obstetrics.
2. Mammary glands is an example for exocrine glands.
3. Female reproductive system is divided into external and internal genetalia.
4. List out the organs in external genetalia and internal genetalia.
External genetalia: mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, prepuce, and bartholin
glands.
Internal genetalia: vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes.
5. Adnexa word is referred as accessory organs of uterus.
6. Other names for the fallopian tubes are uterine tubes and oviducts.
7. Three regions of uterus. Fundus, body, and cervix.
8. Three layers of uterus. Perimetrium(outer), myometrium(middle), and endometrium(inner).
9. State puberty. Puberty is a state where secondary sex characteristics begin to develop.
10. Three phases in menstrual cycle. Follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phase.
11. Pregnancy is also called as gestation.
12. Child birth is also called as parturition.
13. Pregnancy last for 38-42 weeks.
14. State episiotomy. It’s a surgical procedure where cut is made in the area between vagina
and anus(pernium) just prior to pregnancy to enlarge vaginal opening.
15. Gestation referred as preganant.
16. Two types of abortion. Spantaneous (miscarriage) and induced abortions.

Conditions:

17. Amenorrhea: absense of menstruation.

Dysmenorrhea: pain during menstruation.
18. Breast cancer: malignancy of the breast
Fibroadenoma: tumor in thr epithelium of a gland (occur in breast)
19. Breech presentation: during childbirth, the situation in which the infants feet or buttocks
present first. Normally head presents first.
Cephalopelvic disproportion: maternal pelvis is disproportionately small compared to the
size of the fetal head.
20. Ectopic pregnancy: fertilized ovum becomes impanted in some are outside the uterus.
Endometriosis: endometrial tissue grows outside uterus.
21. Menorrhagia: excessive amount of menses.
Menopause: end of a womans reproductive capabilities. Ovaries stops producing hormones.
22. Metrorrhagia: bleeding from the uterus that is nonmenstrual / between menstraul periods.
Menometrorrhagia: prolonged or excessive bleeding occurs irregulary and more frequent
than normal.
23. Cervicitis: inflammation of the cervix.
Oophoritis: inflammation of the ovaries.
24. Pelvic inflammatory disease: infections of the upper reproductive tract of a female.
Placentae abruption: premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall.
25. Polycystic ovaries: conditions characterised by enlarged ovaries, ovarian cysts and irregular
menses.
Pyosalpinx: distension of the fallopian tubes caused by accumilation of pus.
26. Rectocele: bulging of the rectum against posterior vaginal wall.
Cystocele: bulging of the urinary bladder against anterior vaginal wall.
27. Salphingitis: inflammation of one or more fallopian tubes.
Vaginitis: inflammation of the vagina.
28. Toxic shock syndrome: bacterial disease commonly seen in menstruating women.
Vulvar cancer: malignancy of the vulva.

Procedures:

29. Amniocentesis: amniotic fliud sampled from the amiotic sac.

Colposcopy: vagina and cervix are examined endoscopically.
30. Cone biopsy: cone-shaped piece of tissue is excised from the cervix for microscopical
diagnosis.
Hysteroscopy: uterus is examined endoscopically to locate any abnormalities.
31. Laparoscopy: peritonial cavity is examined with a laproscope to locate any abnormalities.
Mammography: detecing of the brest tumors using low energy x-rays.
32. Pap: smear of cervical cells is obtained and checked for precancerous, cancerous or other
abnormal cells.
Pelvic CT: computer-generated reconstruction of the pelvic aea from x-rays.
33. Pelvic radiography: x-rays of the pelvic area for diagnosis purposes.
Pelvic ultrasonography: examination of the pelvic area using ultrasound energy.

ABBREES:

34. BTL: bilateral tubal ligation. CPD: cephalopelvic disproportion.

35. AB: abortion. D&C: dilation and curettage.
36. D & E: dilation and evacuation EDC: estimatd date of confinement.
37. EDD: expected date of delivery. FSH: follicule stimulating hormone.
38. HCG: human chorionic gonodotropin HPV: human papillomavirus.
39. IUD: intra uterine device IVF: invitro fertilization.
40. LMP: last menstrual period. PAP: papanicolaou.
41. PID: pelvic inflammatory disease PMS: premenstrual syndrome.
42. STD: sexually transmitted disease
TAH/BSO: total abdominal hysterectomy eith bilateral sapingo-oophorectomy.
43. VD: venereal disease VH: vaginal hysterectomy.
44. TSS: toxic shock syndrome VBAC: vaginal birth after cesarean section.

Combining forms:

45. Amnio: amnion and Cervico: cervix

46. Colpo: vagina and Episio: vulva
47. Gravido: pregnancy and hysteron: uterus
48. Oophoro: egg and salpingo: tube
49. Masto: breast and metrio: uterus
50. Episio: vulva and labio: lip