15 arc 6.4 — CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE 674 SEMESTER — P3 ACHYUT KANVINDE Achyut Purushottam Kanvinde (1916-28 December 2002) was an Indian architect, Who worked in functionalist approaches with elements of Brutalist architecture. He received the Padma Shri in 1974. belonged to the very small village of Sindhudurg district in Maharashtra. took up art and graduated in architecture from Sir J.J, School of Arts, Mumbai in 1942. He was then sent by the Government of India to study at Harvard where he worked under Walter Gropius and was influenced by his thinking and feaching The European masters of the Bauhaus — Albert Bayer, Moholy Nagy, Marcel Breuer, and the Swiss- American architectural historian Siegfried Giedion also had a great impact. Some of his famous batchmates were Paul Rudolph, |. M. Pei and John Perkins.* When he returned to India he joined the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. + In 1985, he was the winner of the IIA “Baburao Mhatre Gold Medal” * Along with his partner Shaukat Rai, he opened the firm Kanvinde, Rai and Chowdhury in New Delhi which is currently run by Sanjay Kanvinde, B.K. Tanuja and Murad Chowdhury). * IMPORTANT WORKS. HT, Kanpur * Nehru Science Centre, Mumbai ISKCON Temple at New Delhi * The University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS, Bangalore) PI H I LOSO P H Y Functionalist style of design- functionalism «His bangs ware efble cod be used otal the ‘was an approach to design as per the concept. ludents” ARCHITECTURE IS NOT A MUSEUM OF that the space and form of a building should MATERIAL emerge out of the logical arrangement of + Kanvinde plays with space and forms, ‘space inside and not from any predetermined + Hdengneaestnder batnced proportionate, Neate symmetry. +The building is important but most important is the Functionalist believed a building should only gate of the user. have features that were functionally necessary + gre mich move nponne tothe mata ard no non-functional decoration an het he building th ‘+ They lead to humane space that is space where GSES MIRIAM you felt welcome and comfortable. + He believed in Vernacular Architecture, that is + He used latest technology and industrial pigned based on local needs, satay materials for door and windows and RCC. fraditions. ‘Logic of lightness the complete focus on the + Hebeleved thetvaluesaphitrcalinfuences materials tobe used in construction contributed towards good srentecture + Kanvinde always try to develop such an + He believed that a grid of columns forming 2 matrix muy P Spead loa el srunes tata re astheistc for a heavy mass construction that intlescence et Vasstusnasra PSHE Tooks light* Kanvide was an architect of second generation of contemporary Indian architecture ( 1950 - 1980) . * During this era modernism was attractive to developing societies trying to break from the memories of European colonialism that the older style still carried. + Kanvide introduced modern architecture to humane path and innovatively blend technology and aesthetics. A TIMELINE OF HIS WORKS 1+ Asymmetry *Blocky + Cubicshepes Bee ‘Smocth flat plain, undecorated surfaces let! roofs + Adoption of sted framed or reirfcroad-concrete osi-ands cb, cement Kanvinde played with space and form and much more importance to retural light. He believed tha “the relaliorshipsof the patsand materials ofthe building zea ‘working morality. ‘STXLG BRTAMSY GIONALSYT By theend of 1960sKanvinde s expressive architecture was veriously interpreted as "an architectural expression that reflected the culture and aspirations and" clearly reflected the rise of the Brutalism polemic of architecture” Expressed Concrete structure in. ‘combination with brick became the dynamic determinant of form and order. IIT KANPUR+ IIT Kanpuris located on the Grand Trunk Road, 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) west of Kanpur City and measures close to 420 hectares (1,000 acres) This land was donated by the Government of Uttar Pradesh in. 1960 and by March 1963 the Institute had moved to its current location.Academic area map - IIT Kanpur + The lITK campus occupies a 1055 acre area. + The Academic Complex is located centrally at the site and free from traffic noise. + Academic buildinas: 13 departments, PK Kelkar Library, Computer Centres faculty offices, laboratories and administrative buildings + Around 7000 students, 390 faculty, and 1000 staff members (and their families) reside on campus, + No. of buildings: 108 + 10 boys hostel and 2 girls hostel + With Sports complex, Housing for faculty + The site is flat with the canal on one side and transportation route on the other side. Pedestrian and vehicular traffic are completely segregated‘The residential campus i planned and landscaped witha hope for environmental freedom. Halls of residence, faculty and staff houses and community busings surround the central academic area to provide flexibly in movement and ‘communication CCore Pedestrian island which consist of lecture halls surtounded by landscaping and water body forming the main focus of the campus. + The academic area s well connected by a long corridor which links all the ‘major bulings + The academic area s setup in vicinity of Hostels to provide quick accessibty to stusents + Conventional ype of buildings were designed as isolated islands of departments ‘Activities which students and faculies share are designed to encourage ‘meeting and interaction + The important objective of the program of this institute was intellectual and cultural stimulation, + The building is harmonious in character. + The site is flat with the canal on one side and transportation route on the other side. + The Academic Complex is located centrally at the site and free from traffic noise. + Pedestrian and vehicular traffic are completely segregated. + Institute's Academic Area comprises academic buildings and facilities including the PK Kelkar Library, Computer Centre, National Wind Tunnel Facility and SIDBI Innovation and Incubation Centre. It also houses faculty offices, laboratories and administrative buildings. The academic area is connected by a long corridor which links all the major buildings. Its open form with linking corridors and space penetrating through , thus providing shelter from the extremely hot sun and also allow breezes ‘SIDBI INNOVATION & INCUBATION CENTRE* Established in 1960 as Central Library. Established in 1960 as Central Library. |) Renamed as P.K. Kelkar Library in 2001. Renamed as P.K. Kelkar Library in 2001. * Four-storied building (covered area: 5730 sq. m.) * Basement - 700 sqm later creating micro climatic effect) * Ground floor - 700 sqm F * First floor -1630 sqm * Second floor - 2700 sq m * Staff strength - 40 * Exposed brickwork: reduces maintenance costs and enhances aesthetic appeal > The library forms an important part of the whole complex. * Itis a framed structure based on grid. > The whole building is built in R.C.C with a brick facade / Libary ie The whole structure gives a very beautifal play of Shade and shadow. + All these building components are interlinked by detached 2 leveled corridors: which is not only the facility for cross-ventilation but also allow for future growth, + Anunderground service tunnel runs along these corridors. laArchitecture character k Synergy between contemporary and Meritage Architecture 4 yy ya‘SPLIT LEVEL CORRIDOR SYSTEM “Minimize the walking distance, improving connectivity *Croate spatial expansion *Give the impression of one large space hence space is used as a tool * Eleyated pedestrian walkway + Sheltered and yet openness * Protection from hot sun yet allowing breezesWey aaah Be atts THAN|HIDING ITS STRUGTURAL COMFDNENTS ‘The Bauhaus influence in Kanyindc's style is clearly visible in the buildings of IIT Kanpur. scubie shapes hat plain. undecorated surfaces *complete elimination of all mouldings and ornament at” roofs+ Reveals the internal functions in a building as separate masses, * Arranged in ways that were functional from inside and elegant from outside. * Kanvinde strongly believed that the clevation of a structure should he defined by the functions inside. Cesena coated ee aac its ils + In Kanpur, the local availability of high quality brick and the prevalent labour and construction practices made Kanvinde go for reinforced concrete for structural frames and brick as infil's . + reinforced-concrete post-and-slab construction, with a series of flat slab-floors and a flat roof-slab carried on concrete columns or postsExpressed Concrete structure in combination aaa ! _ with brick became the dynamic determinant &. of form and order. NEHRU SCIENCE CENTRE MUMBAI* Nehru Science Center (NSC) is the largest interactive science centre in India. * It is located in Worli, Mumbai. The centre is named after India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. * In 1977, the centre started with the 'Light and Sight’ exhibition, and then in 1979 a Science Park was built. * On 11 November 1985 it was opened to the public by Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India. + Promoted by the Counel for Scientific and industria Research to + Sipce the requemant demanded lrge-column re pape, ith + The overall ayout ofthe museum consists ofan aggregation of + the oe site s used to advantage, aiding multilevel Use ofthese * BeLeye erence onthe se ao used wo oat serves pare os ae te hetenry Sec Cente Seforodates variety of setviles aiong with indoor and outdoor echibion spaces + tis located ona linear 13 He undulating urban plot with access fkamane side’ The layout was cancavad witha feceplion centre at the entranee'and the museum situated at the end ‘the wen Becess ond * int Hiya roger verano minal tur otal shaped structural module bases on 2 2amui2m shes Sdgeg ung the at venoon shots sructural Eopports with» wattle Si foo ian staaataen eta scmaa maaan ‘Beale agee tg he muscu at the et Noe ee tough an impressive Sight oF st ee * * The planned movement pattern exposes the vitor tothe various porn faneyons ach as he caer, Ayo um and iba arcncorported within modes snared, oeaied cose o {Bwards the tar at Sowers + The concrete frame structure is finished in aggregate plaster and the footings predominantly in polshed kote saneThe complex is worked out of a series of repetitive multidimensional: modules, creating a variation of spaces with the building in a way that the units do not create monotony of space, but a quality that creates surprises and stirs the minds of visitors as the move with the complex Visitors approaching the museum enter at the second storey atrium through a landscaped approach. From there they can take a route and visit the exhibit areas by negotiating one floor. ‘At the lowest level, where the lecture hall, the library and the cafeteria area are located for leisure, half way through the movement from where the visitor scan return back to the entrance atrium area after completing the tour. ean men Nn mee re tar) introduced which can be sub-divided as desired, also artificial lighting to meet the requirements of exhibition. Realizing the climatic conditions of Mumbai, which is mainly humid a forced ventilation was proposed for Pere Re eu ae eo ekg eo cle aur tw Seen eeeet Crenesens) amongst the visitors.CONCLUSION * His works are generally raw and unemotional. Yet he managed to make his designs appealing and welcoming. * His designs were distinct and unique yet having one thing similar- functionalism. * His designs appear to be built with a large amount of thought having been given to making them functionally efficient and practically feasible.