R. W. HAYWOOD Thermodynamic Tables in SI (metric) Units (Systéme International d'Unités) WITH CONVERSION FACTORS TO OTHER METRIC AND BRITISH UNITS AND ENTHALPY-ENTROPY DIAGRAM FOR STEAM PRESSURE-ENTHALPY DIAGRAM FOR REFRIGERANT-12 marae CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSTHERMODYNAMIC TABLES IN SI (METRIC) UNITS (SYSTEME INTERNATIONAL D'UNITES) WITH CONVERSION FACTORS TO OTHER METRIC AND BRITISH UNITS R.W.HAYWOOD mevitas Reader in Enginering Thermodynamics Oniversity of Cambridge THIRD EDITION CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSPUBLISHED BY THE PRiss seNDICATL OF TH ONIVERS#TY OF CAMBRIDGE ‘The Pit Building, Trumpington Stet, Cambridge, United Kingdoxn ‘The BUinhaegb Building, Cambtidge ¢32 24. UK 442 West 20th lever, New York, NY 40Drt 21. USA 477 Williamstown Road. Port Melbourne, vic 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alaredn 13, 28014 Mii, Spain ‘Dock House. The Watevfiont, Cape Tourn 8001, Seuts Aiea Iutpihwwwenmbridgeong © Cambridge University Press 1968, 1972, 1390 This hook is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and wo te provisions of reevant collective licensing agreements, 1 Feproduction of uny part may take place without watten permission of Cambridge Livery Pres Fits published 196k Second dition 1972 Reprinted 1974, 1995 Reprinted wilh corrections 978 Sinth printing 1988 Tried edition 1590, Nintl printing 2008, Printed in the United Kingdon) athe Lniversity Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this book avilable rom the British Etrury Library of Congress Cataloguing in Pubication data ‘Haywood. RW. Richard Wilson Thermodynamic tables in SF (qe) Units (sys international a = 2 ginny task ees, coset, % - ee reins yee & 3 = 8s 2 = he Seway = gf ee = 82 cea og = 3m PERFECT GASES At normal atmospheric conditions, and over a limited range of temperature and pressure, the gases listed in Table 2 may be assumed to behave 2s perfect gases. That is, they may bbe assured to have the equation of state px: = RT, and to have constant specific heat capacities Molar (universal) gas constant : R= MR = 8.3145 kJ /kmol K. Molar volume of a perfect gas : 1 kmol of any perfect gas occupies a volume of approximately 22'4 m? at s.t-p. (@ °C and x bar). TABLE 2 ‘Molar cama Gas constant Specific heat capacity Gn ine K ‘ike K ‘ales e . Air 290 ost 13 oh 140 Atmospheric 3835 e205 hoy on ne sitrogen i 8 oso? soy on 4p oO 2 oxo oat 2 ve a 2 08 ose ost xor Hy on te ya 88 rat HE * 208 $0 rr rer co a 2207 op oon re 60s “ ore os 263 it SO, & ene ost pert rab cH 6 este 2a fat tae cat, ° oan 15 ie re om 2 one es te ts 1 Amore exac value i 2.016. $ Aircontains 03 % of argon (A) and traces of other gues: these and the nitrogen together are called tmesphare mtr eal sree are not perfect pots, tnd the rounded vals for Rey tnd ele listed above do no exacy sy she rltionshipe between these quansties Oat would obtain for perfect pier Air composition: Volumetric (and moler): 21.0% Ox, 79.0% atmospheric nitrogen. Gravimetric: 23.2% Ory 768% atmospheric nitrogen. 2SEMI-PERFECT GASES At low pressures, and over the temperature range quoted, the gases listed in this Table behave a8 semi-perfect gases. That is, while having the molar equation of state po = RT, their specific heat capacities are variable but are functions only of temperature. TABLE 3. MOLAR ENTHALPIES AT LOW PRESSURES Warning: This table lise absoluce eemperatures NM % HH co co, HO Boo gk ‘Molar eatilpy ‘Termperatre Mlfkmot x 70 56 596 682 ae 866 a8 937 990 aes ag °C S72 Br B52 944 996 300 wheat as eo test cere i eo rss ste 2039 600 door ae 340970 aya 3450 whos ioe Bho S00 rd) 9o0 seme naT 3590 x00 3348 3488 4209 t100 3879843 teat 300 fee daar Bie e300 we Apes fa9 fron tea ses tse 5089 s204 628 shoe Seu $663 66s tye gre boas st Hoo Blas Seo 7750 t900 648s 678 Be ame Bag 7085 2100 po F548 eo isn p39 300 teas ae eo Syot yes 3500 8588 yoga boo gox6 S48 a0 9408 S8a7 oo ohne saga 20 weiss 20630 3631 Some A more exact vale is 2.016, ‘ite (0) ‘he enlareatapes Usted ae thos in the dal gus sate at rere presnure, but the valuc given ‘ze sho vali a and ezound senoopheric reves (2) Ie his able, the arbitracy datum site for zero enthalpy ie that of the substance in the ideal gas BMS SUIEO Dremu and zero absolute temperature. (Warning: In Tables 61, the mrbiaary Meee eee EEO itt ofthe acura uid atthe tpl pent at which sate the itera energy aod antsy ant (6) The values for atmospheric nitrogen, Ne may be taken tobe the same as those for 2THERMOCHEMICAL DATA FOR EQUILIBRIUM REACTIONS TABLES 4 AND § RELATE TO THE REACTIONS LISTED BELOW STOICHIOMETRIC EQUATIONS Ey A=, here vis the stoichiometric coefficient of the substance whose chemical symbol is A, @) -2H+H, ~0 (5) -H,-40,+H,0 - 0 @ -2N+N <0 © -314-OH+H,0 = 0 G) -2040,-0 (@) -CO-}0,+C0, =o (4) —2NO +N, +0, =0 (8) -CO-H,0 +CO, +H, =0 (Q) -#N,-#H, +N, = EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS In(K)nae = YPelnpt rartial pressure of species 4,, in bars y= standard pressure = 1 bar. ‘Thus pf is numerically equal to 4;, but is dimensionless, In the second edition of these ‘Tables, p{ was expressed in atmospheres, where 1 atm = 1.013 28 bar and t bar =0.t MN/m®, The numerical relationship between the value of Ky as defined above, namely (Kyygr, and the value of K,, as previously defined, namely (Kplagms is thus: IK hae = IA Ray #20410 1.013 25 ‘The values of in(K,)jqs in Table 4 are everywhere consistent with the values of logiy(Kplyon given in ‘Table 4 of the second edition, the two being related by the following expression 1o8:0(K yam = 0-434 2051 (K yyy —0.008 72 24.TABLE 4. EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS. Warning: ‘This table Fists absolute temperatures. Reaction auraber Ta(K Daa ee B00 2s0.c49 S54472 aBsua71 105.502 139.972 167780 159.692 19719 45493 200 29B 103.986 367.470 186.975 60.803 92.207 106.238 103.762 1554 6so3 298 400 119,150 270.320 135.715 1.311 67-31 77284 74669 7348 1778 400 600 75.287 178.388 BE.s23 43.203 s28o7 aBuos qb.r4s 348 —3.192 600 Boo 53.126 127.783 0.319 24145 30.592 34634 aZ036 L44e —532 oo 1900 39.863 y9.t27 45.150 R706 a3.40a abea anse8 Osh —7487 1000 200 30.874 Soorr 35.005 15.082 8.182 goats 17.871 0911 8.570 1200 r4o0 24.403 06329 37942 12489 14.608 oxo 15841 0.76 O37" tam tooo 19.632 sb.as 2285 10546 11gat 13.865 10.829 1091 —9oF2 1600 HBoo 15.835 48051 18.030 9.035 Fas 10.657 S497 —1 329-0449 Hho 000 12.835 41643 14.622 7.824 B48 SRT 6.634 gto —108i9 2000 220 10.353 aO391 11827 6.834 6.708 S119 1649-11109 2200 24008276 j2011 9.497 Horo 5.619 3850 1750-11338 2400 2600 6.512 Hs 7.521 5315 4047 2800 — 1837-11363 2600 800 5002 25.117 5.286 4720 3811 Ng) —2928—s4.938 aboo 3000 3.685 22.359 4.387 4205 3.088 Ere —1975—r2.885 3000 3a 2533 19.936 5.072 3783 2450 2211 o42y 2022-12012 200 B40 1.515 1700 1.938 3.357 oD 1g7§ —0.170 —aobr—r2.taa 3400 3600 0.609 15898 1926 3.007 1391 1.907 —0.702 — 2003-12237 3600 380 0.207 14.108 019 2604 a4} 0-500 —1.176 —a.121—12300 3800 $000 0.039 rahe “0.796 2413 gq Oday —1 600 = 324112975 4000 4500-2486 9414 2.514 1828 —0.313 —o.g21 —a4p1 2478-1219 4g00 $000 =3.725 6.80% —3.895 1.363 —0.007 —1.690 = 1.198 —az01— rafal g000 $500 = 4.743 4.866 sor) ou8) —c.s61 —2518 — 771 —azi0—s2.709 S500 Gono =5.899 8.863 5.963 0677 —2023 —2843 —4.236 —2213—12760 ooo STANDARD FREE ENTHALPY OF REACTION Atagiven temperature, the standard free enthalpy of reaction AGI (or standard Gibbs function change) may be caleulated from the listed value of In(K ye by. the following equation; AG} =-RTInk, 8.3145 7 1O(K eeSTANDARD ENTHALPY OF REACTION Milf = Melfi? = Seal. where fF.18 = (AML +0018 -s ind ([ML]B), is the standard enthalpy of formation of species pressure Py = 1 bar). at temperature 7 fand TABLE 5. STANDARD ENTHALPY OF REACTION Warning: Tit tble iss abrlute temperatures Reaction number 6 7 8 9 A snk res ee Sat Tot wwhg ~Hlog -moo —ioe ann aah TE 38 ~a984 = Tye mat 4590 338 hn PRESSURES FROM 3 MN/m? 10 THE CRITICAL POINT (30 TO 221.2 BAR) TABLE 8 (con). SATURATED WATER AND STEAM (oa MN = x bar = 14.5 Bi Cae Pees (Sp MiNi“ Tam a ‘ BoB esses rere) cost aM ose gas seth 4 z3 cor oo sein GR oegt af Uke SS oa 3 SS cee Ben say cous aane sou ant fi RM Sin Some aay Ent at SS ote De Ete “1 ir tee See ae $30 Ta Sie Sa ser Ser be as6 ose gon son Sy 23 er Ses sau ye Sie Rs ae Sos Ses sins Sine Saas sey ES oem aR sia 586 ap Se Sees kao aes fq Hk Shee SS sir See toe cine Se in im fa Sed coon Saale jo fe 969 caonshy sass gab sae OMS Skit Sas i sey Se SR ie St ee el SSR Soe ie se Wy SE SNS sa Shae i Fi Z 7 e aa o 2 Br “ ae 4 pra a” so re o so 8 be 6s 8 e 8 gsr INC amo the 18s ise 18 os zs coon Sooneas bears beers coords ooor4sa eeett9e prea Soetser eoorsa7 ‘ors47 ecotso7 Sooiett eoorérs oe1834 co. 16s8 Sor6a3 eons eaeirTe 00803 ecotB4o Doeittr ‘comms eects? 0304 one onaty 2.00317 asna 2403.0 2nd muss ants ey Bee asa 2106 aot oe bar go bac 200 200 bar =s ats 22.12 Critiel pointTABLE 9, SPECIFIC ENTHALPY OF WATER AND STEAM (ot MN m rhe 14 Eo Preswure/(MNim') © oot oof or OS F a 4 6 Bw 15 2 shiz as ye 40 SO OD Presto oes 7 © 100 ro08 Sut Cehiustenp,"C 458 fag op 948 1799 2124 2503 wis6 m9so sme MEH aT HIS Mee jeer sgth geek ape gor pons 9086 roby 13132 S3t74 tasho vérre Habs meh Gime (Ri aIBUR kite abrns apens atvea ayers aloo sito ansn9 s9a7a atrpoagiba arch ve Sprite entaoytetad ° aya Groen va 90 4s 1 By wor gi wor ta ag8 goo J07 wea O50 s BMa[iccs sees wee sega nosy t0hS rene sion tas tga HBG tagd rast 1277 Be era TMs 195 = cee ay sala sony sol nite aia sigs mos nig tent an6q athe a307 a3$0 2445 2519 2909 % TELIER | BS MS MGS Seta ess air 3087 grog ene Gabe soee a3e7 sage aba awh aes ape es ite 688 360, ao | a4 4197 405 tO HIS ASO AES HOI BLO HST OTE HE HEE HES 2s Mites ant ame | fens gang gaos-siré sore soee sad Ss SOP Geos Saag ASH HERO sos i Fg aybs ado. ays Leann Gy2s baat 4a 86 Gx6d 63R0 Gai Ses Sas 6477 Ss0 bsr4 Meas ms Tesi digt akey ate GHor| es ren 7e07 Tonk rons poh 74B7 T5hs THAT Teka TETA Bt hot x00 sito atte. 2tr8 ays ass a [8 G24 Siva Bs Asso yh Ho Hing M28 Mpa Broz Bis a San ase8 aony avis pon 1806 Bq | 67a ory sha 9885 9703 STR GAS M795 97ES Uma abla = Be ins dons suet toey. ages (sog8 rsd 18s 153 102 1086.7 tal. 1087.5 10884 rope 1091.6 2 err geny ge06 gent 9013 wo 8s Ihopa 1077 12066 tbs 1205) 12058 1205.7 F207 0 se77 3077 aer8 3674 sobs 0580s inky rsa aen7 3s jiapgiay gras gras 3006 ieb Sela ier rete rab = Sayan i ane 68 3is9 309 Xoo. tn 6 15763 is Joab gun8 gui any ase mh 186 tron bee 376 - sito yale sary gay8 sara aa6y 3049 m6 gio at4a 3100 ae79 Bao rysy asa be rose 28 * Shoe gone aunt gogo apes A007 902 Ge74 20 3300 2074 9078 957 yy aio aay ath 28 40 Je 238e a38) 3382 asr7 gaze aa88 gaat 3x9 3274 3244 31h 30h oo ayy aah assb 2093 oe Bie sage uae suas saye eee ga 08 38). S247 000 257 57 320 3068 aby a3 2888 0 ets sata addy 3088 3484 3e78 aay aus 202 soem sary mt saat gate HB hs aor ares i Soy s500 suse Saye sume utr ash 35gp as duno aso sal S904, S970 337 SPD glee aot 600 ‘3706 3705 3705 3705 3702 3607 3689 3673 ts6 3640 3625 aso 3596 3516 3490 3443 3246 3048 650 38:6 3816 3636 3816 3813 3809 3Bon 9788 a174 3759 3745 3768 g67r 385s 9693 3595 3517 3499 7 se 3000 3929 apa8 goub 39m 3986 904 stva alr 867 fas ey ave 778 si4o 3615 3610. 08 1 Tro gon deen aoe eye. aoad goss aortas ce 998) 3982 3005 3849 3908 Ho. Gtas) arm ant tee PEM ES TR Re TE TG ee Sie dar fae te ees ess doea sort 3072 anes ate F339 CEE AERT GEESTABLE 10. SPECIFIC ENTROPY OF WATER AND STEAM (2d4y toot s3e5 1860 2438 447 4:79) sae? So sb: 4606 4.18 aan Bast 7595 7380 6819 sks Snr Baby foi $747 $80 5.7 Scifi entropy ityfes K) ee ee is000 wee wave wees o.enr 6.880 0.900 Ble 0.980 ee! G.99K OWpaH OED! ODO! OST ODD ODSE=—F.OOT 0.367 0.367 0.367 0367 0.366 0366 0.965 0.965 0.364 0.368 0.362 0.361 gto 0.359 0956 0953 0296 e701 0.785 0703 0703 {ox MN/et = 1 9 5 14.5 fink] ie PrewuretMN eo cor es er ns 1 2 4 6 8 we ws we te Preworefbar re : 1» 00 ro00 Sat. Ceiuntemp, °C — 458 Bea Go 5LE rye 21R4 ase 756 aos a110 EA 3687 SMHS sae (5 doa ae Cetus trap, °C ox7ea e701 0.700 0.598 0.697 0.654 0693 o.652 ago ahs ott ash a FEB CSET BERT SESE SELEY AeHE zene org Leis ors 130s sto wo 209 2330 Ora 1012 1010 1.699 1.006 1.003 eee 04 tgea L301 2299 Lays z.aya Lage gph us76 1574 1.572 1568 1565 1560 ly ge 1835 1Egr 1Ra6 Rar 1819 087 2084 2.081 2.079 2.073 2.066 2.064 2327 2324 2321 ag18 a3t0 202 2309 8127 7.269 7.009 Bary 7461 Boa 7.550 806 7.614 8466 7706 qaas rab 738 7386 enya) 8.44 7795, 734 7619 98 19.093 rob ro.a8s 9355 BBgs Bo8S 9.290 Rig70 8223, 9419 9.008 8353 os 7783 7898 Boag 10.406 9.661 rossi 9.775 9455 8211 8.389 643] a.s6t 2.57 2554 2550 a56r asst 2.520 654s| 2.703 2789 2.784 2.770 2768 2.987 2.752 666 bre 68 6960 yee 1200 736 7492 70 aed ‘9241 8.506 Bars 7.949 7.619 7.482 7.279 7. Bobs Gazg]s.c12 2.016 3010 2.995 2.981 2976 6.364 6.069 5.794 6482 621s 5996 6.387 6330 Gnas 5.949 5447] 6.89 6a8 6.60 6.095 51 9 3.228 909 3208 who 3450 1499 71 1708 5830 «2 658 6657 6.458 6.26 G.oa8 5.758 5.643 6.939 6723 6.560 6.424 6.147 5.909 5.813 1991 6882 6.76 600 S90) 6.6 60h ‘pays 7229 6878(6.356 6.321! 6.037 6.268 7308 7166 7.019 6.901 6676 6304 Gat 6 6.956 6795 6738 736-7541 7400 7289 7.081 64937 67x 2.000 0997 6.991 a8 1384 127 359 1555 1545 B16 tt ror 2.061 2055 2043 2206 229 2276 a.sa4 2516 2500 2047 2737 2719 2.968 2936 2.935 sage 3278 3247 sed 3408 3.365 3685 3.646 5.389 ent 3.930 3.838 ‘7A67 190 62723 6.346 6.389 6208 $888 g259 s4or si4s 4490 4.119 S478 558 4519 58a 5.449 4951 7690 7.360 7.016 6.804 6.645 O.515 Base 63s 5.949 5837 5648 5.61 506s $207 san6 Gur8e Goxe 5.784 S.3bo 6234 603 9.222 8477 Basy 7828 7.496 7297 7.182 7.027 6819 6635 6505 6.20 6.403 6.204 6.66 6.596 670 6:03 6.607 6505 oats ons8 orn 2827 paar 3001 3350 3.210 sue 3.00 264 3.582 seat 3.74 sats 3.989 578 4490 ssa aoe 58a sast Gon 5427 604 sést 6.375 $860 $0628 9885 9.565 B21 8.500 8x76 7.8y9 7.655 7.516 7.406 7.201 Test 6.997 6.93t 6.839 6.861 6.322 Soyo S92 PEGE ERT TARE BEEet PresrelftNint Presurfer Sat Cain temp. °C Sat deny {Water gla Steam Celsius erap 5 °C a0 33 F898 GET GEEE a ‘TABLE 11. DENSITY OF WATER AND STEAM loa MN? = 1 bar © sq bifint] © eer ons to = 9, on = Seb S09 otra | ot cbs | 975 oosta oan 20545 0.274 oosta 057 20484 0.243 e048 oa3e eons 0218 oosr4 0207 cores outst copy outs cogfa ou con 0174 20am 0x67 (ona) ey 0861 2ost0 0.185 e080 0.140 0263 032 porns eas ona 0 # 3s on 1st8 1799 2124 25003 2756 2950 3810 2421 659 STAI ~ eros 958 ors 387 90 26 sts 98 988 os 2590] 938 950 esse |ox0 930 os16 [17 917 oad 2504] 892 oso ass 486 | 86s 2416 2208 430 2396 2.606 407 aye 1914 388 20363 1ge 37° ont 1754 354 0935 1.685 340 oan 1640 3.36 090 ass 292 ao s407 283 aby nae 26s 48 44 249 e.a3s 1396 236 aay ars 243 robe aa go 790 758 722 6H Go 4013S roes Hoe 308 fas ss4 967 Hos a5 Density) 1003 1004 1095 1007 1010 1018 998 999 (000 Tost to02 3004 1008 1607 989 90 991 99a 992 mH NT 997 0 96 977 978 979 984 9B 059 oho 961 obs 063 obs 067 OE O40 Dex 042 04s ed 48 4D 080 918 919 g20 ont on 925 af 0x0 93 Bou By6 897 BoB got 904 908 Boy 868 Bro Br1 B75 BBO ‘364 83s 837 B30 Bas Bas Bip Bs Bor | 799 Hoe Sey feb Br By Bag 843 835] 799 782 8s 779 709 78 ro meat wa Lis ms ons 19 751 1399 2540 38S b65_ 680 722 ages 2368 334 448 B72 | boo Gye 1429 2228 310 408 720 30s 2184 662 1982211 apt 379 629 005 1226 626 ra04 2000 276 356 she 87 tena 612 inst v9.19 262 336 S42 787 907 S90 1200 tb39 250 320 sg Tas 88 70 ns8 1767 age 305 Ba 67 768 533 080 iG4t ana 281 43.7 G4 680 Sor 043 1534 307 262 40s S566 472 956 aan i 44 aT 508 S67 448 pea rabr 183 a30 350 474 S27 B55 1289 173 any 989 44 4B Hos Brg 1226 164 208 ara 41g 466 69 fox 362 9 x ot on ose 933 90 2s na Sea bo ” 019 ws mm on 538 a4 whe ar nes 107 ne nee ray 1018 1009 96 ote 963 8 B97 ome Bye ger Bea for su ge m7 fas nat 793 603 764 6 a7 58a Gora 4082 54, fora 6129 abo S74 as76 saa 1956 4453 163.6 3748 437 y80 295 2a HBS 2530 1102 2204 ‘Nate: Dealt ie tabulated here, insted of specific volume, since interpolation between presmures is thereby fcltated. as FUE TTT AGERE GER SadePreenure(MNn®) Preseure(bar Sat. Celsius temp. °C Sat. p. ine enesgy (Water — "TR ‘Cabins temp. °C or as ° 8 TEU SESE Beet GSEs Seas TABLE 12. SPECIFIC INTERNAL ENERGY OF WATER AND STEAM (oa MM xa = 45) is o oor eos ox os 5 a 4 6 8 tS 20 aniz ag go gg 200, ret ta no agit po ates tes anus ange gine awae say meas eB 3405 417.4 6396 761.5 gob. rola4 1205.8 1306.0 13935 1586.1 1785.7 2037.8 — Bm — aighe st aeot opts abso apa etd smear neva agnd weodsone SSO ial em A) ii] ogee ee ov eo oo 00 os oh on ag 07 ea 04 ea op os aa Terk xB seu wa seuy tou toue sary vant soea aonb vena fet send sets toud era ars sesaige) soya tora soa sont supe sod anty uh Sond np Sok3 sub sg? ans sexy sata Uns ihe sids | day seno nod say sas pee suas gt suey soy Jond sons Jot geo Dont ao 8 seer ans ase wr] 88 hy ibs 478 gira 4167 obs ws47 a4 ard aa aves Baus to ost duet fang guuh gue sana sion Sn gine pe ee fie aie ine uhh [Gung Gina done fea tans Sas lang to bana Gane bed fies diss ns San dhno ai | boc rape nabs rips iho Sook gst fone Toby os sis 61 ato atst as at | hos HAS rs ME Ha ne 7 6a Bd a isa tin sop som ioe se stor “Wop ] sony nod Uhy Hed outs Od ews otek red ed mse ans oe apse sry Land wordy vps enya vagy cana sto esta wget oe Tsaine nih same ny Sng aah S60] ong dps she BRS wea pee tae Ory en atv ain ab aes ater anne se or a8 an Lang 19176 ns wma os thy son Itucatst suo sty sag ass sash Sf arya bo SSF tains tah op8 tgra euths ie Ze ave shin alo abl) aye abt sno apt apo son sat Loi wang fs 160} se dom tno Sosy neh So ntt tomy aye Sh sin arth 3) CIENT ow to the sto 60 soln sah wl sab ang nan abs alr ate ap oben gs) ae srr sss irs snob ivo snob let ston to aver tg no aby it an ity a0) yo ™ Seve emo Seay vo Seat ure tot sort sot ay snub a8) ahve ard ansp ssn an Som ont Sot ove tot) ls fo) ese dup Jo anor aoe) aie a) abaya is fiat nat ange mae ahah aue4 a6 tes soy aote aexy sun ayo some AMMO shag aha ag a7 Sivy uy ath ue Soy oie fooe gi ge at avast eeg Go geto soe ata et at Sie ibs Sen juon ao aot Sow yt dt ge uso ney te ge? iy eo send ad at ope ve Save ave ah ats Soy 08 Sn ae anhs Ser Set ud 08 GSE tes dite so sale 300 307 28s we Me st aa 2a Ger aah Tt ae ae ae aa art 3871 3871 as71 3870 3869 3567 3562 3554 3545 3537 3528 3507 3485 476 3463 3441 9396 3350 31ST 3663 3663 3663 3663 3662 3660 3656 aban 3641 3634 3626 3607 3988 3580 3369 3550 J51r 3471 3280 i asa. aff a TUS SHE ERE Sees gays aREFRIGERANT TABLES An Tables 13-16, the exbiteary datum state for zero enthalpy and entropy is that of the saturated liquid at a Celsius temperature of — 40°C.‘TABLE 15. PROPERTIES OF AMMONIA, NH, [ak MNJ? = x bar = 245 Hi) Sata Specie flume Specific emelny Spee entrony The ike Wir K ss OK Oe Bex Liga Vepour Lissa Vipour Liquid Vapour * omy ee osoug rss nero serm hy Sore STN ie oe ek Soot Sods gos ont Shs ast oooup oy Gre any Sap Saya soe oe tno oes Thon SSS r Ti oar cams oar aee as ogee Say sge 73 gs teens sau? ane Samy slo 38k Goons? ealy Hea oes Sus 1388 5 05:6 oaorsh 024) aes tase se 96 Siig Sootde, ames iia ss ni cong Sans Sit 90 ois Seerse ome ares sos 97 Scr Sens Sakae ree nap anette a3tatg A610 Tigo Saerre Geyser tart tig Seems els eg tana io tas Georg Gens ek ate ‘83s aor Gaerne tatters a Freezing point at xatm os —777°C (Ceteal point: Celiontenp. = 324°C presure = ‘a30MINIm? (133.0 bat)9. 8't— = une x98 suod uoneumgns TINY $15'0 = senna, gf — = sumesacusa od a0), eae ote ro Ve cna $48 520g = gH F) ‘09 “AQIXO1d NO@UVO JO SAILYAdOUd “91 TTEVLAIR AT LOW TEMPERATURES In Tables 17-19, the arbitrary datum state for zero enthalpy and entropy is that of the saturated liquid at a pressure of a,x MNim® (x bar)amor loan hr sam x = ymiggpy 9) ‘feimmndwas syorgo ey 21g eR, MUONS (HIV) UNOdVA GNV GINOIT GALVANLVS “A T1aVLsmqo00r 2aqo05 seqoor amor age Tanne meray aa8¥8 S288 ein inmost QUIY) WAOAVA UNV CINOLS dO AdOWLNA Dads 6L Hee SEC Cage Oke G60 eset pase Hove Soge Gore Gute FeCE Ogre 1s ger ort weer eX6 oeg FORE O68 gece GHEE Coe Erst GSet oghe glee OMe Sook HSE Fuse gate Sere S Sqoh Gite doyle Gore gete rite © rath Gage Gre Lege See guse 1 2 S61 P59 IEE etOL Cog woah giigt cgot g:S6e Hage Cope LSE pie gee rer Sypr LL ots OSL Pee) Oggt CEE Prod Hlge ote guge pute Sele tote Lore g9er] stor Oty Dheh ons rat olet gSbe gige Lage Ugie exfe eshe gute oof Poet oSke Het Hei Leal Grote Géte Lage oye Fuse Huse Ssh ote FEE gue Taeh Sodt Sek VHiE Ghat ws6e Lege vile guge Haye Lise Lise xyte Coke roe OLE Saame moege SB88R SRBEE PLeh LUE elet rie Oye Lose Syge Egle EE GSye Cope oS ose eShe Bite bhee ee ~ ait a 585 oot Sc ove bx opt ols apt oft Shr chy Str oft Sex ons ont ore 299 r= gan) sommaesadaon smog sie 21900 ST, TUNED, (HIV) ANOAVA ANY GIADIT 40 AAIVHLNG O1A19AES “81 ITAVL oor 06 28290008 sxqo0r eer se Seg S61 ager fges oer Feg'e $96 6649 9E'2 BHL'9 Lego 1950 Oaho £60 Sgro HCO 6EGe Hoge L058 HUE OfSe wer Fore C12 gio Bige Mgt g6Ce tore reez OTE SHOE HO MGA ESET Orr Hot gepe atco rose gove Ushe Lote Mer glee olte Sloe Crore 6F6r rept HEL |ELHO ovo wot Gige (6S ofSe Hibe lobe {Ce asre gore Use fort Shor Loe Gert stot HOE het wwe woraw ames SRERE sm obs ser oof ofr oor or opr ott ope aft aah 3 20x = SN sounvereduuoy 2roego Ss 9[ge9 eng, :UEUTE QUIY) MNOAVA GNV GINOM1 AO AAOULNA AlOAaS "61 TTEVLTRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS FLUIDS In addition to giving values of the transport properties A, sand Pr, Tables 20-24 ao list values of the thermodynamic properties © and ¢y, since these are frequently required in heat transfer calculations. Warning note: For convenience of tabulation in Tables 20-24, the dynam viscosity pis given in g/s m instead of kgis m (= N s/m*). It should be noted, therefore, that in the ealculation of viscous stress through the relation 7 = 2 2Vféy, 4: must be in kgjs m if ris to be in Nim’, since 1 N = x kg mst Similar care must be exercised when calculating the kinematic viscosity » (in m/s) from the defining expression, » = ylp = we. 3mot peopaag Sct ost oe set oe See oe See Sez on sr 6 ” a oo = oe raped opt, 108 1 din, som 1€ afed uo oyou Rayan 298 reo gre ore 6ebo%e oe wee fete ” Gy. oe es a ‘iow = sim Bt __ Bat rau npuma — aeons RC Apwoo TG, Awe way Syale | Saja SERS oumgooy WVALS ANY WALVA GULVUNLVS 0 TTAVL sees dfo-fanne aseas suse penne 9820g 0 ee oot 9, 09 oof ook ot oor peed oot 2 “annie m= adja hs = gpg toro = sa 1 MUASSAUd OIVIHASOWLY LY ULV WZ ATAVL “oe aga, or fone Honea 29) 49 Aoninone I UA eA axe 9 OF pur D0 UEDAsaG aunsNd aHaysouNe if wo siou Bunn 995 open, P~ ERS BERS ii i AUASSAYd OIUAHISOWLV LV WV4LS ‘IZ STEVI.g ° 8488 8888 diese fU8e 2928 HE duo mou Barun 295 4 Tuaar ofr = quam toro = ae AUASSAYd OLWAHASOWLY LV NEDOWGAH ¥Z TTAVL 16d uo sou Fare 298 SUNSSTXd OYAHASOWLY LV AAIXOIG NOAUVS ‘ee TTAVL Jee REE LE2E io 2288 8883APPENDIX A DEFINITIONS OF BASIC SI UNITS ‘The units quoted below are the basic units of the Systime International 'Unités, The abbreviation CGPM refers to the Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures. Length: ‘Ihe unit of length called the metre is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 438 of a second (137th CGPM, 1983). Mass: ‘The unit of mass called the kilogram is the mass of the international prototype which is in the custody of the Bureau International des Poids t Mesures (BIPM) at Sevres, near Paris, France (3rd CGPM, toot), ‘Time: The unit of time called the second is the duration of 9 x92 638 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom (13th CGPM, 1967). ‘Thermodynamic temperature: The unit of thermodynamic temperature called the Aston is the fraction 1273.26 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple poict of water (13th CGPM, 1967). Electric current: The unit of electric current called the ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of neglixible circular cross-section, and placed x metre apart in a vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal ta 2x10" newton per metre of length (oth CGPM, 1948). Luminous intensity: The unit of fuminous intensity called the candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540% xo"* hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of (1/683) watt per steradian (16th CGPM, 1979). Amount of substance: The mole is the amount of substance of system which contains ‘as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12 (14th CGPM, 1973), Note: When the males used, th elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, fons, electrons, other particles, or specified groups f such particles, 35APPENDIX B DEFINITIONS OF SOME DERIVED SI UNITS Force: The unit of force called the neteton is that force which, when applied to a body having a mass of kilogram, gives it an acceleration of ¥ metre per second pet second. (Thus x N= 1 kg m/s) Pressure: The unit of pressure called the pascal? is equal to x newton per square metre (Thus 1 Pa = x Nim*). ‘Bnergy: The unit of energy called the joule i the work done when the point of application cof a force of 1 newton is displaced through a distance of x metre in the direction of the force. (Thus x] « «Nm) Power: The unit of power called the watt is equal tox joule per second. Electric charge: The unit of clectric charge called the ccalomb isthe quantity of electricity ‘transported in 2 second by a current of x ampere. Blectrie potential: The unit of electric potential called the voltis the difference of potential between two points of « conducting wire carrying a constant current of x ampere, when the power dissipated between these points is equal to x watt, “Thin rare for the Nf! it mot used in these cables APPENDIX C SI PREFIXES Prefix Symb Factor Prefix Symbol yotta Y 10 deci d zeta t 10 centi © oa E 10 nil m peta P 10 micro # tera + 107 ‘nano 2 sige SG pico P mega M femto f ilo k ato a ecto b zehra 2 deca da voto y 36APPENDIX D DEFINITIONS OF SOME NON-SI MERIC UNITS Each equation serves to define exactly the unit appesring on the left-hand side of the equation, Dynamic viscosity: Kinematic viscosity: litre (i) = x000em? = x dm* Note: This the litre of the 12th CGPM, 1964. It isnot identical to that previously defined by the 3rd CGPM, 1991, a1 the volume occupied by AC rnaas of x bg of pure water at its temperature of maximum density and ‘under a pressure of ¥randard atmeaphere. lite (1501) © 1.600038 x 10" mt. (Upto 1976, the 3901 lite was used in the definition of the UK gallon. ‘To the number of significant Brea ‘quoted in Appendix E, ths edefinition involved no change in magnitude) tonne, or metric ton (t) = 10? kg x dyne (dyn) = rgomit = 104 N kilogram force (kgf) = 9.80665 N Note: Ths neha force which, when applied toa body havi 1k, gives it an acceleration equal to the international stndard accelers- tion of ets m/s, In Germany, the kilogram force izasa given the name Kilopond(&) 1 bar (bar) = x08 Nim? 4 std. atmosphere {atm) = 1.013 2§ bar = o.ter 325 MN/m® 1 tech, atmosphere (at) = x kgflem* = 0.980 665 bar — 0.098 0665 MN/m* ‘Note: This unit is uso sometimes given the unit symbol eta. 1 torr (760 atm = 133.0 Njm* % 1 mml¥g to within x part in 7 million xmmbig = 13,5951 9.806 65 Nim* 143.0 Nit [Note:‘Thisis the prexsure that would be exerted by 43 mm column of mercury of density 135951 tl? under & gravittona! acceleration qos {© the international standard acceleration of 9806 6§ mo rere <1 dyncm = 107Nm = 10-7) 1 calorie (cal) = 4.1868] Note: Ths ia the International Toble clr, define hus by the Fifth Intemational Conference onthe Properties af Steam, 1995. thermochemical eslorie = 4.284 ] 1x poise (P) = x glems = xdyn sjem* ox kgime = 04 N sim? stokes (81) = remtje = 10-4 mtfs 37«Peete 2 2% & aun Ts G6 ereraspgopxtt 28 50 = (9101) 210} wos x srt 599068 £0 ES Ero = (a) 2510) punod x ws sivas Hyogo ea oa © (20) 2010) 20000 fgfros whet a LE 68 ro = ) yepuned x lob = S00 8 Ch soe sr.) yaw chee wd ea8 8h (vo) won x pot = eer cCe66 cre = (8a) WBHOMPRIpURY E sisro x i268 ro = (i) pred stgen oo ER SE (20) aouno « ya x we — * ahem taco” 7 sees cree the aanernies sox uorsrsaue, SLIND ‘IVOINVHOEW Od SYOLOVA NOISYTANOD “exepudaly ut pouyop 220m mye onacny, tty 259 2092p 04 SAI UOPRNED SLT, ON [6/8 = qyrag x :ABs909 oyroads, 5 go Jo vonesmzaoe prepuce youervewenst 242 ‘01 yenbo ucrtapsoe ue Soa qf jo ssw Busey Kpoq wm pan uc oan 3220) TER. PON” ewoposunyey 04 21 fy a, (ou) 2 shofo eet =) = Ga) 22my punad x (pd eet =) pd SES = ap 05 #1491 = (pd) prpanod so10g 84 £6 65 CSF = (ql) purod x sae a thabe = (pS) pink pay ‘vonenba axp yo apis puey-ya] 92 Uo Suneadde yun 24 Appexo suyop 01 #94126 wonenbe Yor SLING OISVa aNos 40 SNoLLINIaaa SHOLOVA NOISUAANOD GNV SNOILINISSG-SLINA HSILDE a XIGNAdd¥ 030 pinoy squenp, 38Ansa oy a apy 4p 3 Su a peu 3:04 “AenounoY neeuposay yo SIN muy 98 ys tore = a Bes ros war es 189 eu pho = ort wart = wang » gate = a qinag sor = aaa" (gor =) unre» SSor = Hs mag SLINO IVWUAHL HOA SYOLOVA NOTS¥FANOD brow 09 By omg phot Os aduyjqy oth (dy) somodsesoy x gsta x exbo0 = “BHU aman suyjuon x ey 01 gh) x ae = wore’ sr) 9461 s1 paUEDpOR wore gin oth 9 60 ghey = gy ase a9pogI209 2esuen OH, ‘Anapompaos youusyy, yam su09 sep ‘uondummswos jong opoodg iiog Bog Arroosta spsursury Amsooma opureuk sssonne ‘oamesaag sumyon agpedg, suangon,APPENDIX F TEMPERATURE ‘Thermodynamic temperature In constructing thermodynamically consistent tables of thermodynamic propertics, use has to be made of equations such as Tds = dh—edp, in which the symbol 7 refers to the thermodynamic temperature defined by the equation nD T,” Oy where Q, and Q, are respectively the quantities of heat received by and rejected from a cyclic heat power plant operating reversibly between two thermal-energy reservoits at temperatures 77, and Ty. “Zero thermodynamic temperature is that temperature to which, with 7 ata fixed positive value, T, tends a8 Q, tends to zero. It is unattainable in practice, but this absolute zero of temperature neverthclews constitutes 2 definite, fixed level of temperature, (The unattain~ ability of this absolute zero of temperature might appear to result from the fact that, if Q were zer0, the cyclic hest power plant would constitute a perpetual motion machine of the second kind, so that the Second Law would be contravened. The point is more subtle than. this, however, and is discussed by A.B. Pippard in Chapter 5 of Elements of Classical ‘Thermodynamics, Cambridge University Press, 1957-) ‘The kelvin unit of thermodynamic temperature With zero thermodynamic temperature defined, itis only necessary to assign an arbitcary number of units to some other temperature level in order exactly to define the unit of thermodynamic temperature. “The kelvin unit of thermodynamic temperature, defined in 1954 and redefined in 1967, when it was given the title efuin and the unit symbol K, is that obtained by assigning wo the temperature level at the triple pont of water a value of 273.16 kelvins, namely 273.36 K. ‘The precise definition ofthis unit is given in Appendix A. tl baloney, hertamie tempers ae equi mtn. 7K ied of Celsius temperature By virtue of long-established habit, itis convenient in practice to use a truncated thermo- dynamic temperature called the Celsius temperature, defined by the relation t= T-27345, where ¢ Celsius (written symbolically as °C) is the Celsius temperature ata thermodynamic temperature of T Kelvins (namely 7K). "The convenience of this practice arises from the fact that the Celsius temperature at the ‘ce point (the freezing point of aie-saturated water at x atm) is then very neaely, though not exactly, 0 °C. “Note: A thermodynamic temperature expressed in kelvin is commonly desribed as the absolute temperature, i order to distinguish it from the Celsius temperature. That usage is followed in the ‘warning note given on those tables in which temperatures are listed in kelvin ”APPENDIX G CONVERSION FACTORS FOR TEMPERATURE In the British system of unit, the unit of thermodynamic temperature, here given the name ‘ankine and the unit symbol R, is defined in terme of the kelvin by the relation 2R = (1/28) K, to that at a thermodycamic temperature of 7, kelvins (namely 7, K) the thermodynamic temperature is 7, rankines (namely 7; R), where T= 187. Jn the same way as it it convenient in practice to use a truncated thermodynami temperature called the Celrte temperature, iti also convenient to use its counterpart in the British system of unit, the Fahrenheit emperature, defined by the relation te = T,— 459-67, where gp Fahrenheit (written symbolically as °F is the Fahrenheit temperature ata thermo- «dynamic temperature of 7, rankines (namely 7, R), In this way, the Fabrenheit temperature a the ice point is very nearly, though not exactly, 32 °F. At a Celsius temperature of tp °C, the Fahrenheit temperature, tp °F, is given by the relation ty = 18 tet 32, (r+ 99) = 28-440) Note: The nomenclature and symbology used in this Appendix in relation to British units have pot been standardised. Thermodynamic (absolute) temperatures are frequently written at To instead of, as here, TR. ‘Temperature differences are expressed in kelving or rankines, for which the unit symbols are ‘eapeccively K and R. so that the use of such symbols for temperature difference as deghe, depts degR, and degP ie avoided, ‘or, more conveniently, 4”APPENDIX H PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF DATA Maxwell, T. B. Data Book on Hydrocarbons. Van Nostrand, New York, 1930. Keenan, J. H. and Kaye, J, Gar Tables. Wiley, New Vork, 1948, ‘Yanaf Thermochemical Tables. The Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Michigan, 1965/1966. "The 1967 IFC Formulation for Industrial Use (A formulation of the thermodynamic properties of ordinary water substance). International Formulation Committee of the 6th ICPS, TFC Secretariat, Verein Deutscher Ingenieure, Dusseldorf, 1967. (Reproduced in 1967 Steam Tables, E,R.A.(Amnold, London, 1967.) MeHlarness, R.C., Biseman, B. J. and Martin, J.J., The New Thermodynamic Properties of ‘Freon-12", Refrigerating Engineering, Vol. 63, No. 9, p. 31, September 1935 (their ‘equations having heen put into simplified form by the author for computation of ‘Table 13 and for the plotting of the pressure-enthalpy diagram for Refrigerant-12). Propertics of Commenly-used Refrigerants. Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Machinery Association, Inc, Washington, D.C., 1946. Tonaogiusurecnue csotemen deyorncw yerepoda, Bynasowns, MT. a Aarynms, B. B., Aromuszan, Mocia, 1965. (Thermophysical Properties of Carbon Dioxide, Vukalovich, M.P. and Altunin, V. V., Atomizdat, Moscow, 1965. Translation from the Russian edited by D. S. Gaunt, Collett’s (Publishers) Ltd, London, 1968.) ‘Thermodynamic Functions of Gases. Din, F., ed. Butterworths, London, 1962, The 1967 Steam Tables. Published for the Electrical Research Association by Ed. Arnold, London, 1967. (Used in preparing Tables 20 and 21.) Hilsenrath, J. etal, Tables of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties (N.B.S. Circular 564), Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1960. Crpacorun no mensoguraverrtin ceotemea snsou u veudnoemed, Raprabrax, H, B., Tooynapersesnes Haaarepncrno Dnaixe-Marewarwueckol Jstreparypn, Moctsa, 1963. (Reference Book of Thermephysical Properties of Gases and Liguids. Vargaftik, N.B, State Publishing House of Physical and Mathematical Literature, Moscow, 1963.) Conversion Factors and Tables. British Standard 350: Part 1: 1959 (and Amendments No. 1 and 2, 1963), British Standards Institution, London. SI ~The International System of Units, ed. R,J. Bell and David 'T. Goldman, ‘National Physical Laboratory, HMSO, London, 1986.Thermodynamic Tables in SI (metric) Units Seu eee ReaD) R. W. HAYWOOD Engineering Labbratory.. University of Cambridge eS ames mT Seen cn ar acre rare Thermodnumie Tables and other dara published by Cam Ree eee) and refrigerant tables, the Pere ne Reet ee ener era eeeentiss ait: Rene meses ete nom See Er eee ie Reena: ena Definitions of two of the basi ene CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 3M