Ingeniería de Sistemas

1.Reducción de diagramas de bloques en MatLab y Ejercicios

n1 = …; Definición de las funciones de transferencia de cada bloque. n1 corresponde

d1 = …; al numerador del bloque 1 y d1 a su denominador, n2 y d2 para el bloque 2 ,
…; etc.
nblocks = …; Número total de bloques en el diagrama.
blkbuild Construir matrices de estado.
q = […….]; Definir interconexión de bloques.
input = …; Bloque de entrada.
output = …; Bloque de salida.
connect Calcula el modelo del sistema en el espacio de estados
ss2tf Transforma función de variables de estado en función de transferencia en s.
minreal Elimina los polos y ceros comunes.
printsys Muestra el sistema.

EJEMPLO

R(s) 10 C(s)
+-
s+5

R(s) 10 C(s)
1 +-
s+5
1 2

>> n1 = 1; d1 = 1;
>> n2 = 10; d2 = [1 5];
>> nblocks = 2; C ( s) 10
>> blkbuild =
>> input = 1; R( s ) s + 15
>> output = 2;
>> q = [2 1 –2];
>> [a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
>> [num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
>> [num,den] = minreal (num,den);
>> printsys (num,den);
 EJERCICIO 1

R(s) 1 10 C(s)
+-
s s+5

1 C ( s) 10s + 20
= 3
s+2 R( s ) s + 7 s 2 + 10s + 10

EJERCICIO 2
4

R(s) 1 3 + C(s)
+ 3 + +
- - s+2 s+4

C ( s) 12 s + 57
= 2
R( s ) s + 7 s + 21

EJERCICIO 3

C ( s) 5s 3 + 18s 2 + 16s
3s = 4
R( s ) s + 28s 3 + 71s 2 + 224 s + 180
s +1

R(s) - s C(s)
+ + 8 +
- - s + s + 10
2

2
s+2

1
 EJERCICIO 4

R(s) 1 1 1 C(s)
+ + + + +
- - s +1 - s - - s

C ( s) 1
= 3
R( s ) s + 5s + 7 s + 3
2

EJERCICIO 5

25
s +1

R(s) - s 1 C(s)
1 + 3 + + 2 30
- s +1 - s

1
s

C ( s) 180 s 3 + 180 s 2
= 4
R( s ) s + 1132 s 3 + 1141s 2 + 120s + 60
SOLUCION 1

n1 = [1]; d1 = [1];
n2 = [1]; d2 = [1 0];
n3 = [10]; d3 = [1 5];
n4 = [1]; d4 = [1 2];
nblocks = 4;
blkbuild
q = [2 1 -4; 3 2 0; 4 3 0];
input = 1;
output = 3;
[a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
[num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
[num,den] = minreal(num,den);
printsys (num,den);

SOLUCION 2

n1 = [3]; d1 = [1];
n2 = [1]; d2 = [1 2];
n3 = [4]; d3 = [1];
n4 = [3]; d4 = [1 4];
n5 = [1]; d5 = [1];
n6 = [1]; d6 = [1];
nblocks = 6;
blkbuild
q = [1 -4 5;2 1 -2; 3 2 0; 4 2 0; 6 3 4];
input = 5;
output = 6;
[a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
[num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
[num,den] = minreal(num,den);
printsys (num,den);

SOLUCION 3

n1 = [1]; d1 = [1];
n2 = [1]; d2 = [1];
n3 = [3 0]; d3 = [1 1];
n4 = [8]; d4 = [1];
n5 = [2]; d5 = [1 2];
n6 = [1 0]; d6 = [1 1 10];
n7 = [1]; d7 = [1];
nblocks = 7;
blkbuild
q = [2 1 -6; 3 1 0; 4 2 -5; 5 7 0; 6 7 0; 7 4 -3];
input = 1;
output = 6;
[a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
[num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
[num,den] = minreal(num,den);
printsys (num,den);
SOLUCION 4

n1 = [1]; d1 = [1];
n2 = [1]; d2 = [1];
n3 = [1]; d3 = [1 1];
n4 = [1]; d4 = [1 0];
n5 = [1]; d5 = [1];
n6 = [1]; d6 = [1 0];
nblocks = 6;
blkbuild
q = [2 1 -6; 3 -3 2; 4 3 -5; 5 4 -6; 6 5 -6];
input = 1;
output = 6;
[a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
[num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
[num,den] = minreal(num,den);
printsys (num,den);

SOLUCION 5

n1 = [1]; d1 = [1];
n2 = [3]; d2 = [1];
n3 = [1 0]; d3 = [1 1];
n4 = [2]; d4 = [1];
n5 = [30]; d5 = [1];
n6 = [1]; d6 = [1 0];
n7 = [25]; d7 = [1 1];
n8 = [1]; d8 = [1 0];
n9 = [6]; d9 = [1];
nblocks = 9;
blkbuild
q = [2 1 -9; 3 2 -7; 4 3 -8; 5 4 0; 6 5 0; 7 4 0; 8 6 0; 9 6 0];
input = 1;
output = 6;
[a,b,c,d] = connect (a,b,c,d,q,input,output);
[num,den] = ss2tf (a,b,c,d);
[num,den] = minreal(num,den);
printsys (num,den);