Any binary digital device that generates, transmits, receives, and/or interprets data messages

portis a connector and related electronics that uses one of a number of serial input/output (I/O) standards to
interface data communications equipment (DCE) and data terminal equipment (DTE).

The serial port’s signaling and data handling are managed by a Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter

contains the software that converts a parallel data stream of 8-bit

bytes into a serial format of single bits, or vice versa.
WS

These are equipment that interfaces data terminal equipment to the transmission channel.

A connector by which a device that sends data one bit at a time may be connected to a computer.

Set when a character is received without any or with an

improper number of stop bits

232signals are delineated by voltage changes that will identify the

start and stop of any byte of data.

RS-232 signals are indicated by voltage differences with respect to

a ground signal, and can vary between +3 to +15 volts and -3 to -15
volts. At the same time, serial receivers must be undamaged by
voltages up to ±25 volts.

232signals are synchronized by a clock that dictates the timing of

each bit that is sent.
A communication line that ensures the orderly flow of data between a DTE and DCE.

control linesuse a “positive” logic to indicate their state

so-called “negative” logic,

the RS-232 standard is called EIA/TIA–232–F

RD, TD, and GND—are required for bi-directional serial data communication.
Transmit shift register has completed transmission of data character

A data character has been received and loaded into the

receive data register

Set when a received character has a parity error in it

DCD, DTR, DSR, RTS, CTS, and RI—are designated for a variety of control purposes.

The RS-232 standard defines 25 signal lines in its interface

It is a species of serial connection described in a specification written by the Electronic Industries Association
(EIA) which, in conjunction with the Telecommunications Industry Association, defines the standards for
traditional serial data transfer.

produces an electrical signal that follows an accepted serial I/O standard.

UART FUNCTIONS