cuarner 9 The Philosophy of Sartre JeanPasl Sen i neo tS hd et mg pnb soe pc aa eee mya reece em ioe ea in ‘on a atempt willbe mado po ot the favs a Sr lot 1 borres Phonmertopea Mead 85 Fin ut Sate is sso pspil wa Big od Nang 1412 Phenonemlogical Oagy Be tsar ou a not of sre lima being. He wats to anlye bara Te oF Sl iy i all its aspect, such as man’s experience, peteeptn, ein snd ‘he varieties of mena life. The eater mors of See ae examples of Porson ino. the diverse aspect of human experince and xia, ‘These ae The Transcendence of he Exo: Imagination the Poychoog of Imagination: Sketch ova Theory ofthe Emotions and is is wel Nae se These exporaians prepared Sire to teach his ondamenl logical conlusions Save aware ofthe ft th onoogcl hore have to be established an the basis of philosophical meted. ‘The cod he follows is the phenomenological meiog. Buti it mot exactly the ‘method established by Musser Ih is alo tifferent from Heiepee's roethod. He shares with Husierl and Heidegaer the bate den of pe. omenology. He bas develope his own method faa unique way. Its in criag tice Taw olen sais owt A Cilia (fares Only of Content ed ae ey ps Sa PS ‘The Pilosophy of Sore 2 ot cer 0 make 3 deed explanation of Bow Saw pt ‘reid i ll he plsopial and erry works. We can then rns phenentopea! met ith eferncet Ni sna tmon exyencnce, Bot hs snags of giao and enn ge ‘eae unsung of bis ptenomenlogal mod la tae eet fates some eaplckconsrents on wat he ens y it eed See ec fs Pa smo lary experienced in an age i cn post an object a anette a alia a oe beta esi He sates i the Cexiing chi Pea Fimopiaton that tes abv dlleeee between ey ‘ge tnd awing cml shou is ate The mtn da {fe peli sto forme into conecps what medi ate { 4 tain He har ignore theories. We ave to know nothing stot ge ‘tony wha ali can each The nals ie imple:"We pe ice images, elec upon them, describ hem, Bat men Inder tine and to classy tie dstntve charter in analyzing the imape-censciounessSarte descles the chances lst of mage by plenomenotogica description of whats given. Not only thi, he accepts the itentonlty of oscouse 8 Slechfora Theory ofthe Emotions Saree pins ot tht ert cena ‘be uodersoed apa from signification. He Says at eneton spies 4s own wry the whole of human eanscourness or haan ay. be man realy ‘armot be considered in abet from the wed Te Pycholy of san is itrsed in man in siuations Phenoscrlg, © hich, Sarue winks, Psychology & Subordinate can give wr pace study of man i suatons. I ean elude the ations of man Ml being in the worl Sante's study of emodon shows how tease ely anderson if we know the purpose the ema bp ene Emotion is transformation ofthe world He says, "When fe oa) acd out bcime dficl or when we seo path me can o hg ins urgent snd dificult a wor All the. waye are bared Hono, ‘mas act Sows ty to change the weld dat ove, coe tin tetwsen things and tec ptenaliier werent red by be insti process, but hy magi ‘This shows tat behavioural phenomena ia an emetion maybe #8 ven clement but we canotunfesand the eles we. ales ‘hey sity. The signa, Sarme inks hee Ine Hee et in he phecrer, but they ae potted wo by the havo] Pee ‘This ows that Sure isting tae word Pinas sense which may ao be fund ia Hse. Rather his mates bow aman elit can be propel grasped, He ke at mc 8 Scanned with CamScanner| Phenomenology and Esisten soming pose by png tr he pao We Trovcenenceof he Epo San wa yng unten «i cis fre se sf lea eon aoa Seal motyof consciousness an be exablabed ons secu foundation frie hess of Some concrete stations. Sare's acepanee of Be theo of itentonaliy shows that consciousness expensed a oth se. Acoring consciousness always pot fo ancestral © ‘sei Ineatoaliy gives us the ea that coneousrese nota obiet tnt thc ete tothe notion at conscious ning. Ste eS Soca hs moc a Hae ‘Ne caneall is diecndness enol All psi pyc 3 Sipe ater oh eal eso eve Se Scecoaemes Soothing. One ofthe mest important conse of Sarre ‘Site Trowendence ofthe Egois tat conciouness joing ak Sonne of cbs, of ie word Inlmagintion and The Pct. wy Imapiason Sane is ppg te rine of esol 5 SRS crecpenenc. He exablibes be olga ate of eo. ‘Souoess irc te pheoomenclorical alse f the leat ape of SRE: Reccmenstosl stots a more dead in bs SES eeicn or emotion In The Troacendnce of he Exo ot Ring and Nesangees, Bath coogi! thasng sod phenome POE Thetanon go ogee Ther abelian examples of te p> See Sataiyas Being ant Nooingnss, sch as “ad (8, Toes te bes tere “er Be SS Foie ncach cae, phenomena ey Bas ens “eee eves ss SE road in hare esis ead wate sosee Ne SSE SES eed or man's in wince wed SSE SSE er ecient The Tras: Goce ofa Ego trom pene Me sys that Be 2 ee Ee edn car preven ener. Ife BE en sis pen manda) 10 corespeins, en we ve Soe Sacepheens pmol! SAS SE Sr of te epost ts given ‘The Philosophy of Sane 36 fo this reapect we ean compare Sat with Home who cated out the logical implication ofexpicien by denying» sebtantal ep, Hose snertands by the 1 eyche te bracketing of al pe “Gppontons ining orf fa the ay ofthe word. Bat Save alo aarreteaccp aly bat is given nines experience 1 Save wats Mee carte immediatly piven, ten Hern sacs The the (Pannen ego caoot be sceped and belief me exiaence of ‘Ted canor te suspended. Sane does not disagree withthe pain of Takcing presuppositions, but be thinks tat he exinece of te es Mihoncbe wacked fore i te most immediately given ad fend lame te choc a fe wold Huse dot emai tne fe Fe ote pve av he kept be eset wed is sspeie See wether anette being of te werk is bracken tis ik = Riakfeen te phenomenological epoch tthe werk, Maurice Mens Prey aun poi out tata comple bracketing i imps for xP re dbved drouph a bosily perspective and camnat be backs 1 caaYe sid hat Sane’ phenomenological mcd cess ee mers from Hasse ad Heidesner. Batt woeld Bea isa sy Cok ‘Sec sy combs the elements artirarly. On te coca, Be Ba ef SLT Snes saeco wich ti pousBle tw ve a epee Sicunding of buman reaiy. Hess's phenomenological metod i ‘Soy concred wit the analysis ofthe acters of cosciosess hat ‘attse Gi wot But be does not show bow conciousness ean SEES wid he main purpose of He Heiegger hows Bow Bama Te Scanned with CamScannerPhenomenology and Esisenialion as consciousness or became sess ea thei ‘or conschone t be intentnal at are ot concn, but of which cancous, By understanding, the nature of caches, wea telze wh mama reality in. Sure reveals the ste of conciouness wih eet et he Fin purpose of He hat ives cing to tse acre He ows also the development of conscenes i reign to environment the mate enya ane unod ough es em ee Sal Srl ee eeege Peden "A Tor ‘of such phenomenological understanding is found in Sartre's AE Sa err ies eee SN ar cate et te einen eke Saeco Fee ein ie filo ct omens Su ta wey opens ween iaeulwarete “ ‘The Pilosophy of Sartre % tuna itesasdeebgresh canbe eden 1 ea Ie ‘fremean St ependent of comcinaies the Wold 3a, Thee ot oe heii Wis Be DUN of wage sien ifr hin The wil oy Meaty he cine i an eine ton ‘Spat arte ston ich an eK essa he ocihy of ie word Bes ron ‘Situ sive nd ons Saya ats i em at Te fact we Sho eee eRe nar chat ae oe wri ne fae aan obaoed i expres rare ton, atthe suation ca be lly gasped ly = omy sere i a Kshows at Sane Ie concerted wit the lene, Soe esa human being eo far as he ties welt n aii te wrk. Tis is somehing novel ine ior of pase nology frees applied tote sphere of We damier et ‘ty etamimaion of same examples fre Sant’ aor pa wort Being and Nothingness can sow ceatly that Sue's ls Shologial mend, though ited fem Huser and eters ‘eet beynd thf temo eablsh 2 dari leonestin iteindidn'eraons wih the world and” with er bern Sop tod the realzaon of the fandanental proj are phenome ‘died The phenemcn of human Ife, Ste woud Hew ay 2 {shen jo acount not ony as they ae given in experience bas aie # Siang wht thy really poet towards, along wih the ass ‘pment eid ie "The idea of a dyamic phenomenology i test usted in Si ‘conception of existential psychoanalysis. To understand the indivi! ite we hve relic th fanamenal projec isto pos word which te forte i ching, Beeate he foetal lve? ‘move and always changing, it does not have the totality which wil ist gly. Ta be oil hk ane a teal ow its suving, Te forte wants 2 ui the wold and my be at he amp owas eit ib ‘world can be apprehended through a particular contingent objec. te frie wants to realize the fundamen proj how te broetca lumina te whol of inva Heal how ti BE ‘derstood im synthetic connection with other subordinate projects ‘ae the most important aspects of dynamic phenomenology. Saree B® ploring all these aspects in his existential .. He wants 0 6 ‘cover the fundamental project of the for-itself. As such discovery is ‘heat pret Scanned with CamScannerM6 Phenomenolony and Exstentlim site onl by a phenomenological tua object. Analysis of desire alysis. The discovery of the vs understanding of the fundamental os desires ae th phenomenolog ‘analysis ofthe nature ‘major theme ins iOUS desires in man Droject. But, tthe Of desire fora pare theory of psychos 's life leads wo the same time, the vari. in the light of which subordinate sec ESHER he ui termed Sartre's phenomenolopi understand the nature afhuman imate project, Proicts are fully grasped. We have ical analysis dynamic Sartre's Ontology honinens Sartre begins his ontological analysis es, for he thinks that negation osu human life. Man by nature i incomplete his xen.‘ mogmenee a fo at every moment man experiences that hei net something fh he ths to be. Sartre points out that whenever-me rise aqucton abot Inuman_Tife, we find watt leads 1 negation A question impli ta Something isnot known and this not knowing something se esr: ‘on of negation. But negation has to be explored shal We can une Sand a fundamcra foc of human life. Theres analysis of pthngness a formal loge. But Sarve thinks tat noshignesss sought tobe. deed therefrom negation, which regarded as loge sign. Bui shouldbe taerwise It is nothing which as to be We foundation of negation Ie Slso said hat ordinary experienos door not som to reval ny non-elg. TI't chink that} have fifteen hundred dollars in my wallet, but discover ‘only thiteen hundred this doesnot mean someone may sy, tat Tave svimessed the non-hcing of ieen hundred dallas, On the other hand, T ave simply counted. Uineen tundred dolls. Negation in sel i thas tthinkable. ean appear only by-an at-of judgement have simply ‘made a comparison betwen the rest atcpated and the result ob sel Ta neg tne boa aly opened te cee rt a SET a objet sare ean of crs ean ean oe mer, at weenie uppowed neque agement by virtue of tig a etic See ted eh teams upc But Se ak: See rege i concept of negation? "The qos, formed ith a discussion of nothing very important place i Servant aT as se tage sherpa eee tan only thnzen hundred. The world dicloues noneing wo someces ot epee Sen ene 's mibctve Sante doesnot think tht negation ins quay of lneee fe ene my renin tena i pl ran een en a ety eye eee ee Seimei can ers nametas ee setannr iy Tanga ey setae te ‘but it is really the mechanisms ofthe watch which are in question. Ifa dis. Sth ape steer ee Scoot ener ean eT ey ae machen etamlaras at ig eet ee een a at oa acetates ae eee San thane da Cae aie eee aes eee acetates SS yeaa eT eee fai ccecaoe Cena ts Satie eee ere oes eo ee St eee eee eee Sena ones aac eee ee pep peer pee oper Sameer coge oietae oan eaten Comets aie aes seen Sfacttnereavasanaees ee enccaace eter ieee Ss ee eran ace somes oem nooainan neous Sia eveaecs area eae ernest senorita te ncn ile te tr nc bent it et mag te eens Wie Goa ‘elation, it is necessary that man apprehends such being as destructible Scanned with CamScanneroy Phenomenology and istentlion MY dxtty aso un wi hiv wine Hn de ee Atte petty mn ag eee Hine Mc taste tae hemes eestor, be anni says onthe eosin by neq ens. Miata ae ins ay elon cis dette Ie poorer Siew teach nes yuma ne ronan ee thsinoran cope tte nal Hi mans dene his mappa oath same tine cy to atone saree aoe e-juicatve conpechcrsion of heron of nothingness as shana conden he face of nothingness. Again, des ctv fact and ta though Sate thnks Oe reese amenalty of on-bing a of ing. The analysis dstion let 8 oh meat of a i sn Jo decide with erin we hve come a8 example of a negative iudgerco. Sane say tha ean applament wih Re et Oe and eaves tthe eae tla: He lee atic roeeand ise ee et thee sit an inion of Pens absence oe ce eee ned ler ely with judgement? Poplar conscannes Nowe eae Dest 1 the inition. Tecate by elf wh poses sees ts smoky atmosphere the sod of voles, eat flneatf Weg Reet cal prsence ma place which i wn iss pena of Cong Sot in pesepion dr always the conscion oa fue on peeed Sach a'consineon depends on the diecion of amon, Whe Sar enters the cafe iaeach of Prenat objet ete na lve syitaly to form a gion on wich Pew tr sbeut tapes But the eafe wih als jets enepacd then Pre does nt spre isthe ogi niltion Each of teats acme lte telf upon he pound with he ueton “sth ple Bet iain ls tk ime the uniferetation ete pound mets the rod, The oi ral eilation ol hese figures which pear and reeled op in be taney nee ground which tthe neces cndon af ap pearance ofthe principal pu Ini eae tse person of Pe, Ths hatin ven to iton and the obereris witness fe se: cessive disappearance ofthe objet at which be Tots Te chests Ih Faricu, the acc. ain hn for an tnt ad en dxoepose Teentethcy re nor the face Pee ut Pl ot ere. This ans ‘ares bent fom the whole cafe His absence este ef ine hap. ‘eae. Tete renin he pround and cetngs wo ofr Hel a an Gaditfecniated oaliy. sips imo the background, I pune is Iiaion Te figure which ips conan between he ok of tb. Serer and the 4d vel object of the cafe is a pepewal diappear ‘The Philosophy of Sartre % anc, Wig Pere, Sate says, ssn himself as nothingness one aire ation f Ue efe isthe anges ret emp Gf which demands the appearance ofthe igure. I this na oot arse fe ye we teporantto nove tht Piewe's absence supose an ogi Rie me Pee oon oar taped to se Pere. The expectation has cased the absence of rey Sere eal event. Sore expreses ii this way, "Pere a tar is cafe and isthe condition of is self-iibting riny "pout Oer negative Jodgemens such as"‘Weligan tage tafe haves puey abstract meaning. They are pure applications the pi Sipe ofnepaton without aval foundation. In these eases thi ‘nin ttween Wellington andthe cafe. The relation “i einen thought. This shows hat non being doesnot come to things ya mpg Jeno. isthe nepatve judgement on he contrary. whith ait toned anspor by on-beng- Te si at negation aries aF 2 sul ofthe comparion es the anicgted erent and the obtained event, we Fed at ee ‘al and ebjective facts In his ease we are removing gah ae egaton. But_negation isa refusal of existence. By ia big od tite drow bck onebhingess. Negation santa Bee Uoviy which emo in any case esl fom prior affimatin. his ‘original and ireducible event. The nor is an abrupt intuitive discover an SS en Socom eee wmieentera ata, ta mneee Terie Ate a cae cena nae ee Te Beem at the eat of Being so tat we can comprehen tt pit of reality ‘we have.called negatites. But this nothingness cma rn Pape ‘Ssats not contain nothingness as one ofits sutures. Thisis why # ‘ietion I put wih 4 pat aint ea ‘xived outst of Being nor in perpen pest terms of Being, where does nahi ‘ame fom Sarve thinks hat Nothingness. dace ot iia ts led, Tllows therefore tit there most exist openy i 0 nihlate Nothingness. i ‘ess comes tothe world mast be its own No {fetiomer Ia the pemanetpesiliy af ere et lf fam he cal wees wih eas ing we ‘Produce only being. a oles ‘The questioner must beable w effec & Scanned with CamScanner- ~ Phenomenology an Exstentaiom 0 the a emg, Ne mutates helt in eation coo Roo He woes tel fo be node ee pe powubvty of anon ting That An posing question acerala rete ccnent enticed the question es fea qustene. he Teeaes Nimett wn Teng ants engagement Sein pesces irmelf inthe proces of questioning as & ShetNthaapnes to appear the wor. He himself tals affected by What ae called neater ty te Jeo Wot they have anes see eaton to man wealy. They devise their origin fom anata Sevan oF pot ofthe aman reality. They all indicate an spe STRetne a appears to the ama eng whe engage ia Ue woe, Spostispossie Ao say that man Hs te beng tap whom binges hes tothe work! But the question ofthe on of wahingess leads 10 ‘Sober What ms man be sheng oer hat tough ie thing fess nay ome sno beng? Mas ation with being is that an ‘Soya Man can puta paca existent ot of cet He ean also put ‘Sewelf ot fcr lain 0 4 patil existent. Tiina’ fre (hom Wercan sh now, Whot fan feedom if tough nothingness ‘cies tothe, world? Sate wars to examine he question of freedom in GENT Now be simply. wants tlw the comecton between freedom Sat ine poem of pahingness He wants sow that freedom codons ‘Seappesrance of nothingness, But about freedom. e rena that eedom feces essence in san and makes possible. The esence ofthe hi eS hetoc i supened in fis feedom- He points ot hat man does oot Rn one to be fee sibsequently and there so difleence CEiSectne being of anand his freedom Sarre wool sty hat he con ‘ibe hich aan ely can deny al ora prt ofthe word at i Seen hinges within elf eve te pohingess which eparates eset trom ais pst Bas aleady been cxtabised that nodhing- Se Whns pound of nepation Ieconceals the negation within elf sit Wie pat of teing Consiounes continues self nreation othe fon a separted frm he past bya nhignes. The human being fast etaiou of this sepaaton, bt experienced asthe suc of ‘Sesciosnes It sis eparaion which can be elle aman freedom ‘ou it the uma ing puting is past ot of play by secreting his own ehingness. at if redo sth being f consciousness, consciousness Cogito exist 2 consciousness offre. are says that isin anguish ‘hat man pets the conschouanese of it feedom, ot ean be si hat an- [ith i te mode of being of feedom a consciousness is of being. isin {Sngaih dat feedom la its Being in question Tor itself. General, an- The Phloephy of Sarre 3h uh dings om Yea fear ok pts the wt Pica hom mye Yeti egos nad wach od Flog woe te che, oto the mel ove stent yo het er tee te ptny oe eg ange te iat ny ting roehes opto | art mp wy oo ivi demien Fea and woh, Sori thks, ae exh oh weiter eat uneectivenppebencen of Oe temscentert we sit recive sppcenain of evil are pres cramp saeite te hatin | nm cna rtten ods wh pes ake ce ie rene, tropes tes Te 3 rat i ch can nto be eat Sato ay 29 ete a fall i ear, These mecipatons nabs oe 3 § wee tt uaive latent sepsis Ty eee me fam etmattM ection the staan il a eit eter tsa Tepes wo be fleet ees I wast 1 et cea conta Oar ny partis, Bot sepsis Gos spate Wrenn eign case, is et at acer at ry Wil ler: ie yn do cain th they wil be aed. The posta of ese cr havas sete conden e psbly of eps cnt ‘Piya payateton be mons one rade ay eww ret cr he pecpice, These pole conduc wil ck proce seh {Gould append mpl in retion with tse poms ws 8 cae fwotieng as elec Io ths case x cet defined my posbey Uoold be suey deemined. Bat when Tapprtend bere o Pech fice now tat the bower snot deena esi 0 my pale nds know ar nothing can compel ie 19 adept Sat contact A renhinges bat sped between my fare se andy pret tt. 1 fin pot be selfwbich lib. am pot the sifbecase ene epartes theo Lam no tha self because what Tam s ete founds of What wile. Tam 0. a self erase mo acta exis ca er Ine sly what am ging to be Butt am abeady what il ane fn the sf which 1 wl be inthe mode of ronteme fe Anguish i hs Bec my eos fg my om fe ae ne “The example shows what cante called anguihin te face of ft. ‘tther is anor anguish in te face of eps. Ii he gable who bas ‘cided fey and sincerely wot gamble any. mae. But when be 2>- woud tbe gambling DE, all Nesta eet away. The eoleton Uther but has fst i ear. But the gambler ist subject to it fli he miso which he has given Te nt gambling one of is possibilities, asthe fat of gambling is ana, eter mor nore. The ‘solution ef not gambling has 9 te formed aga. I stands behind the Scanned with CamScannerWw 7 Phenomenology ant ‘eves panto, Wha hein Hes His sow per vst sh angus tht hing guevents hi fem paling The oe sus othe abi bnsll ate hy the very tat tk, pr " somscioaes oben, he makes hel ot be We just of oon realtone wih he hy teen seveals nel 1 nang 8 eaacteied by the thats plac tetacers mative alace My econ of wes unascne ating the can heli ent lations () Consciousness tts om mative a ly tes (a) Aiton ofall watscnen nano cing Stuy snp Wetec ean a I themes app nny a ‘any thy toc nae ‘eit ham ae by mgs se isc tn nny ate ey a ‘testo I wii oe ene ae eae sh era yD in ak oe mo ft set wat apa Sah ee ‘pu ue fron bea ‘iat can wane maser eager ae “ing neh hah on cone rhe a sees canes al fee seme a ty pstaty of sig te ks ey coer tity twa ek eyeing tas Ceca Ss tre pang on rey tw mening eas dine spc tots tian penn Th i et Mak ‘hese ming test ay sy pig ose Bs iets tes fem lesson gp See ey te geting pein cls ution Sk yo Sor eames don un pin eed st isan st enya Trey ole Sry, wesc ea gah bri ken Smeal Sova cy ae {ine vic ay cin fm ny. don wc tig mtn of vas Seep eat a ning, ISR noting ios rn oping i ol pt at being wh coc acest dy tig eae My a iia P ec a re tne orn sapiens Ss nn ce a at set Seaman Tater ee eae rsthoueands of itl weal emuads, the ta thinks, sown on oir pal i vee nan being i in tation It arses io emer a ey “tps pean ater Sen newer in ci a ce, bee Eaton See a Geass igen eyed ce eames cae iy hag eee ean a fey asec es eee en er po weet enema oie tn sr fen et chr wr ectnsier ts ee ee eo eee ees cms ae fee rn ee oe ey Prt imgyssin bay Paley Soe ere ee cent Boece cc nena Sirat one sche ceeemnma ee Testa peeeteingearemmee | wat Siactessearpeenuet iettelan eee aera Sr cumeemeer ee eosin Senate eee ‘only always carry within me what I wish to flee, but also tat mst . the object of my lig inorder to flee it The. anguish. slim of anguish and ‘ gM fe anit toward rig ven in the unity of conscious I fete mg = ‘oid knowing that 1 am fleeing. Thus anguish, according 6S par speaking, can be neither hidden nor avoided. But f 1" ‘rest in ode nti et ca ang de ten ft {san pee ‘of nating power athe bean of ane eel ihiating power nihilates anguish as I flee it Kniultes aie Scanned with CamScanner« Phenomenology and Existentaliem vet an gi re Te Tis atid iced bed ath, Bad asin yt mn sata wt Toes eat us tat the fomlation of copa SARS ich Erected in te pre abaya ey "aw tccver the orginal act by which man isto himself his own fad Fah Fa ‘sh fers to a eran fact or phenomenon of human experi tts fy arg wiping tn ewe ments, Fin one must believe smething to be ive. Second, cxpresio anether the opposite of whats believed. Think if aie 4. she otber must Relieve inthe satement expressed, Bad faith sy ive sme clements common with ae. But Sane dink it to be” sally different. ts lying to oneself and thes it, dificult sierant ow we can atthe same time be cinacbus df ule and ing w Proud, we believe in our ies, because we ureoe- sly aks her be te. te believes madison ofthe psyche. The cu the ede of hidden realities. The censor allows some of emo pats 1a consciousness and repress oer. The disintion be- ween hl” adhe “go” resus in fardarentl division within the Ce. The atives of the opp a act the qetives of the eneoescious sy fread thnks tat thee wa whole live of canal connections which eine crates mesives to despe, mere fal motivations. The analyst the cinneone and for hin there 8 Ba fi eis simply Ile hennmenen of fab. Here the unccnscios i ying © fcc tos may ‘e canundersand how we believe our own meen et a ecomecnaanese spared from the exconcios, see nel he te nora tng and be fas thatthe gent i esting Stouts Eotthe eating agency cateut be the Ego, fort iscot aware Fe at tut Menon the pero seking bei ed 30 bs no rex Slade he ‘oath. Iain that be gern dors ot saat ocr the conacene eerecge abet anal, be th pce son the cone tins evel ante et necray to have omar the enconaiont. enaly the walt expose eaatancs coming from he dept of he wocsnars dae te opeema of he exer, The cena is"awar’ or, herent cases rope wre igs must be capable of king tat ts Se prea ak foes hens a be rpreied Tha the rilem of ta fash hed back ws be cera. Te censor iin bad ‘The Philosophy of Sartre ass faith, Sane say, for while its concion of what itis repressing, it nev cnbeless presents iself as distinct from consciousness. The Freudian di vision, Sate thinks, destroys the unity of self The loss of unity eannot Account forthe penomenen of anguish. Before answering te very di ficult question of how we can coasciouly ie to ourselves, he gives of certain types oft fh, Me. gives the example of 2 young woman who often goes outwith ‘She i aware of the mutual tration. She also ows that at some time she wil have to take 2 decshoo atout the relatoeship. But she toes aot Know exally what se wants. But one day the man takes het tnd and this vpsets the delicate equiibium, What wll sbe do now? She leaves the hand asf it wer hing She tems nether to consent nr to feet it as an advance. Rather, sbe begins to ak of lofty and absimct ‘Doers, Sere says thatthe gi is ia bad faith. She ows er compan fen's action for what trys Ste knows also ber desir fr that asin ‘But votcotines to perform in such a way 35 f0 avoid that which she now, Mak according to Sate, is bth factcity and wansendence a the same tine, Fete consists of cetia characters which pain tous in facta! way It includes also what is scully Bappening, to ws. But con- (Giownness cannot be Mentiied with factichy. We are ore than ott tovy, our pa, er ourenvronment. Transendence is our possibility and posit ean be used in two Senses: (1) what we might te doing t wat ‘Bie be happening tous; (2) what we are acally doing, though i i 9 tecesiy for ust have chosen tis action. ‘Transcendence thas does not ihean farfeched poses, but believable ways of behaviour. Sante thinks hat we Keep bad (ihn existence by reducing factiity int tra Seendeny, and tanscendency io facticity. The gil in ou lesan is tejing otansform atranscendeney into factcity by thinking that she is cull having an intellectual conversation. But she knows all the time Sahat tappening to her, But she avoids the knowledge by reversing tbe process at the same tine in her aterm totransfosm facticity ito Transcendence. She dacs not take the concrete factual holding of han as scully bappening 10 ber asa person. Un bod faith Sane thinks factiity tnd tancendeney ae kept agan. Each of them maya tne aspect of ‘puman nar, but in bad faith each aspect elims o be the wal being. I ths particular ease when the gl thinks of berself shaving an intelee- ‘ual conversation, she i fray being made love to, But she then real tues that this love making does not encompass ber personality. She is fore than wat is happening to he. She inesprets the situation a some ‘hing which er self is engaging ia ielecual conversation. In one of is paradoxical definitions Sarue asserts that man ia being which i Scanned with CamScannera a fe ft the - tien WR He en Teo Be ea has tata Camel Menlo Nhs wn Rat he fa nan teoeee f SRDS SON al Ra na x Seas Re ete bm ha seermene ewer Nat fa ant sumeenty ee (ITS BND ac ewan bath Pron ve tet ona sim he re sen SS a Se Se Se Aan aoe eae See Shanty tee Seo oe. hem agua Se ne eet ee ~ ine etm an eee No sie nk py ms mgd ae ea set he mea tm ean tte ne ht SEN Suc matte nam mest epee a Sav nurbeaesamne me net cate et sho fe ee yo occas nuttin tne ne eset taney SESS C van avian teatro Seer ime pune [ean wher ay na gerenn o SSS iene. Raher Law sth npinbe see ey Se [Neat moot ea ech de nl ots ch SSoecs Soret steep pe Soe me. ah wht uly cred tansy a ‘Scum snege ee Scena of cng dts ‘Sis rune ain he in Sy le fr be octane het mae lc al ff ey escrow festa Renn ha geal ape Sy Sone wo way tanya nn fey ny Fee aco fehav cl f(a Se pny Teapot poe i Rae ced commie see at ores sehcy tne Te don a te we we om Shee wecnchermn yates mae Tesoro rae Jt Sie sumac ete fa th NE pea er na ie feces wig tl fan In ining Be ries cn, roe be fh Remcemewihimentns oh ee ‘Tus Potophy A ove ng te ht Peter yf al A me ‘hadelage fat nbc ene pe cre Macrae wane ope ln Rape Meant an poet fe abe rm bn eg acu tenner ne teach cmnbeed ote ha we ton he pe sree ta te a Hee ery se sve om vb ho vt Veet a 9h wrt ‘as tie etre Ta wt en seit emer tere ea age Ata and as ee tec fo Sul wha ves Wt can ven chowe eive wih ala vee To ope five cate to ath We Ln we can eve be wat fee ‘meter Ino fh we cam face he tes se ey toate wt mtn ct lve tb fhe et cy fers we fel a ned tact nt a pi, we decile ta eck cet “abe dag ‘sn aati ad he a he pty ying wh ste fot stat ea pts he becom tet Ht he Cy fal de tuna hie hing that does x ave ey Te dcs ots sn the scent the ees for of dei ht hed ot ave ay ty fw wer eres) Wt Se wa nyt a ath pi ee fhe ails toposle, Hele dapper avon a eet Atte When bl funded a on set rch now hat ete Te iment beet ite open owned with cenain Knowing that believe, Pu tlt elope sie This stpinng as man the being which be nye seme of ot hein i Everything caciouines hs to be nese tienes, t woul be ein ult The. perf wamlaceny to ‘Gownes onli dessoyed bythe epauess of th beige ‘Tom tle can belied ei ny. aoa nies 5 te tow that we beteve Ph oc ith nd td has fo he same dene aware tt we we via-weee de Scanned with CamScannertempt to '8 an attempt to fhe from itlin the at oon we will never succeed and if we aempt © are not also successful In good uation. Bu we copies be mace of sting toaars 2 being that we would fated fathiwe igen soe tere carn ng ésvirment We hen ease ad ih ans wih one wed wh cen eapactcs and ne 10 of ese apes pends toe a “nature” it has created. i 1S fcedor inthe light forstself alls the human being Being-foritself which may mean that for ms being is 19 DE Teaized: Mis being is ata distance and its nt one sch what e is. Sarre distinguishes. between the human being and being reel winch ica material object, He says that only the in-itsel, is per sy ‘eotfied with eelf—a char always a chai. Unity is thus nt ui 4 perfec achievement, There is no distance or nothingoess the initelf. Centeiousness, however, snot identified with set, ‘ys goal towards which consciousness moves, but which it Sa Sie enn of ben yb mi Ha i ie Si ee en ce my he ct ny raat nn i a ‘The Philosophy of Sarre 9 hich scons alec in fas Crete sg Sigs fat ce ‘cmon nett eran ne Aiopwtth Suee te seein aera ee ‘chimes bn ante ape Oa a ‘ampullate naalees oes w gre by nome lconcnme 2 ty Souris see esas Soe aaah reese Tome othe mses the question: st he pyc and poy phy sree aance he oie wos nono yk Tecra tab a tte pepe lee ml ee ie ne aria tated eli chrme Sort te ee oY Aas mr cceuy competion ST asa fy bales eae fe ly ae re cuenta pont ftw ee Oo se alan tammy tea Si ee lees tore os) sn rn masa ran hin trom Dt i ris ar cite an Seng Cane ee ty Teebratemcnees Coa ce wae ie oso we me a omen w pm fae vcr tecnuinsests wich 2 ee tay tae emcee foie cae et acne yy tit act cack we cme So ee eet iva ea’ Sey re peeme | aae uaa yee as Te dean oe Tela metpeorl te a ee ee teow ane Feet exe cnta wach efen ed eee cay ects i emma a i be worl posaityeteyt bao ne et ete aes oly 2 ee ee ea por a ee aa ape Sak commen cm Suet conte, So et icp‘ consiounes i cm ee re sn ey nat psec eee ee nies cn tow Fe Oe ee asleep cy Scanned with CamScannerw Phenomenology and Existential scsomncn mit he conscious f uf being that knowledge co: Scionnes of the uble i nat alos consciousness of being conscious of Se conciousness of te ble ent would bea consciousness ignorant of tse The facof tes carssou ofthe sable makes it posible forme to be conicious ofthe table. This consciousness is temed by Save ‘be non-postionlcomscioutest of tel, Consciousness i pr-eecve in te eape of consciousres of consoles. As he pois ut, "There 5 ‘omciousoess of the sucetearhavingo-teoveraken, ete ad non ‘oussua afc the inna the “necis W they which cost the uty of i "= Sys tat J. which ie genealytliwed tobe the ceo. never appeas except on the cession of efectve act There it ‘9 oreflened) ac of eflsion without an, wich edited) on ect consciousness. The be a, te ot given a8 Scone eaMeR, ‘a penhablesracture of my conscious, I affime is pesformanoe eyond this consciousness and allconsiouneses. I enn comes much eeaer to tht of cemal tuths Bunt dat of comscnumess. “There is no apdicic evaence for sine by sying I we ffm tore tian we know It sid that he J munifete full a he source of en Scoousness. Bur it for this very mason, that the 7 appear elle, indistinct through consciousness Uke 2 pelea the bono of he wale. The the wanscondent objet of the reflective et. This antenden ‘most fll before the stoke of phenomenological reflection. The cogio a firms to much The cerain content ofthe pewdo-coguo isnot T RAVE concious of UMS ela at there emssowsneas af hs ai Sirse thus cuts down the Ego as anesseial factor in our concious res, He thinks tat easy iv Be Tal Seme-tsabjecive-eteronty and conciousness, while aching being ill, eaches it as something exer fal What is geoerlly called the epoloialsractre i onthe side of Being ia asel and consequent te Foraef i nos Bat epics of Being isitell. Sbjectvity, for Sante, is tas consiousess without ‘abject Human reality according 1 Sane, never appears with an “ego! {Sans view we have o sa from the pre reficcive cog, i. os ibe consciousness which cnsciovinesy of something TH 1 WRAT be Cl incon. Hv we want 10. pve consciousness a form of being Shc would belong ot would be he form of nothingness. pur trans: Teewiy I is Foret, Sarre would say, which posts itself as not being the eat The foriset”icatt by Sarre -¥-ack-anda dese, Whe we say thatthe inkatard nt a abe, hiss a mere extemal epaon Thich eves ooh elements stat, Hut when itis sai that a quaner of ‘room i mit fell mann, mera rela itil ap wich she wea ‘The Philosophy of Sarre en Gonof tack The ak cs nt eng hese The nels may se nk Hyper e wor we Da al htrace I the moon ist be considered 2 quarter, we need haman Se"br netperses tact way meee etait in abit go teyond being toward he kd co an a ee ot, lick et are inst a ubich cemeisnest lak. Bengt mo 2 eit aie ays ieenly he Raman word tee er repens ny, Oa whichis ising oe" see afantes wots asking of the essing abd ay ee Lesh saten by We ching and which woul te exoraly RIS Suis ove cessing” Ts he ke Soe See xu of ese prover that human iyi ts AEDSISBANE RS ex ef ing ie ured im inmost ing bye Niogofunich isthe Josie. Thus, itbean wines 1 heen Tine being. of man ely” What itch Bein. which we Soketstalipea se restelfa intel Bat sucha uno with Ren. {ise isimpossble Te Forse fa failure. A Beingfoc isl, De Sys canner bea Beigel without Tongs mest anciie iChueefcomciouess I sch being could be hyposiize, aie inthe stan eniaion for Forse lel two ‘the Foc ewinlly desires the Being of vale’, Vale, cog to Suet gien rae by han conciousess is te aman ‘socom sora value an confer oneness amie ing by which the ves exis Tote human ae oe isto xine. Values nat sly draw dir eninene ogee = ah it i hem ae Vr a er ‘cma coupe. nis conection the notion the possible ao ‘used. The posible is ot a result of our ignorance, which vanite ‘through the cessation of our ignorance. Nor is it merely the object of the ‘vine mind. inbot he Bypotieses the posible oc lac of Ps i and abated into the sbjeivny being a reeset the posible longs to elt ll ot as an Aston PT. ‘bat ava quality pu into the heart of things, as s00n, as consciousess Sse fet wafss eames ate, Sa, Re Forcitelf sable to go teyond the reality of qaaner mes PS Rana ta things re pone because Lm The osuble spposes human onscowoess wich 28 Scanned with CamScanner7 ‘Se-eer We mndesand emporio “eRe ~pos eames Hoa Seng oe Fa RE Tia en & sanseng Te frsne® nays bond nine Fem of wie eam ae rene pres OB SES SE a Spee mf Be ee wie Sas (ce wee ou avon) f lamented tino CETL Vg Ss pet ecamate at st ete SELIEEE OSS peterct te fret Bengnanett SANDS pence tat char oa weld wc nas Daman oy wa pncee engi oe fone as copie ia worl were folate Gan wa om bled by tara chan merce Foc ee cued wale’ praca. hrs proce beng. if kw bien (Sp Socsed ie a! opm at eng base ence beg So be fas ae alms ty beh nn engalbend we beng" Si ciass tai of selfs not being at bing Dat is face te Unig pon tg, and watt beng a ot being tat being Sove ves omy tt prece a Being topics at eo i brand (Gat ben by a Sarl nd, erwin 80 conection Berean Pet Meera ere cox ant tego Be pT Se SS See set fares et tema atcy maken Fa wn RES Tae tne teste only © ate Bah RSE Fe SRiintnaee eens fers Foamee te Te re SEES TRE bene te seen Be OS 6 re aS eta bs. Te fern event tobe EN, SEO A cio nes na make et SATS SS Spree Be ree wah ha TS SESS Fier a teramettia tem aes Beng eS Ree eis ace tne moe weit oom OS SE Se ne bebich | gpetond te er me Ae EL oe fae wha ti Garros twas 1 oe ee Se eft fell wa wat aka prety A eet Ba apes Tre tur oes allow se 0 Ne eh Ss at rar pane fur and ae erent oe etfs ENE ye Teas nen ings and once again a Me Usk of ‘expen. ae Sn of concioesnes in its cation to the tings which =e snow Surat penis the Too felons of Beingbe- Being forte! snd fb Beng viel We hve already dcused he ruc of Being for Sel htc fis section, we we going 10 deal with Being self He ‘Sys ar conciousness reveal. things that ext and in reveating them fmecak fct Exinens tave ating mkpendent of consciousness (Ep appea befoeconsciowsocs. But i never ceompltly reveled, {Cenciesnss can never sie the being ofthe existent, ut can grep {Ge meving of tring The meaning ais reveled to consciousness {fe plemoenon of cing. But the meaning Wulf has a being. The Phe aan tent meas tee {sified by the enologcal proof, We tave_ what cats + precaaologal competes f thi Weidegsee TE alone! a ces cleonape: Nepal wcce beng tc of concep tte ng ef craic camel be oo il Scanned with CamScannermolny an Etter weciomness fs 9 raticlly different type of being "ewe a, Sanenhs.twnabvoltly separated tephas of being: the trons ofthe reelectve ep ad the Being of the phenomenon Hugh ere vent inte conceit being, we cannot uly rp meal ot ett en wil we understand her connection. wih te elon of ‘wig peneral ant the reins which une hem Sate whee avo the 40 etemes of ra nd lai by acelin te fet Bat ot\comicioses and uamcendem being te fea, Te tte elaean levee te Mat conscioeness comely dias pn te tad et He rs the exence of the non pont cemseiousnen wich ht si affected hy the hing the phenmenon, He shows aloha. en tous ds mt ett ubyecty and hat cent a ape Us wanscensent being. Nov can he san ha the psi lements of Consciousness pve re tea trgscendem! beg. Thus the esi Slaton of the prbiem vals rejected Corncieunes reduced wo objerive le rena by the realist schoo. helt seo eee he ele Wve work! tothe pacts of canciones Batt wow seems at ee a (vo closed oles without ay commaicaton between them. is foot necessary tht the slain must fe malic or Wali may be someting ce Sore nies that te tancenden being i rested for hen thas no scrorated ting apa from divine subyetivky, Beings neither active rot passive: Thea eategonies ean te applied only within the human cones Actvsy and passivity arenes tome of mean ad ends sth naman ind ws active ahd the means i se re psive Being docs not se any sch end. fo 0 tal of en beng st meanings AF- mation ad negaion ae eateries that dont apy to beng Ural ss of affiation the thing firmed must be disingised frome a Fioning. Bat sucha distinction nt posible te cate of eng, bese «Sem 8 all plead, Tis as Save ut, noema i the nies Being SSsmmanent tu hat ean Be vealized. fori Wee Scent exit he file ith ell, hich can be expresied by saying that being is what it {S The satement may look like an analytical semen but asthe question ‘ewe Gof rpinal peocipe, iis symbetical. "Being is what iti Sarue poss ut Us he words" bas special meaning Beings tave vo be ‘eat ty ae. Bet the fact of being what Wey ae is net an axiomatic Sharer, i 2 contingent principle of beings The in-tsetis, ‘The Pilsophy of Sarre ” ea aaa eee Ce ent ware eect at ec em aetiae tte ot oee at iat teratoma hr cnt a eer any aay rel se ta we a ee rr he toy we cc er it ae ee tanta sere et to 5. ing is what its ‘Sarie's examination of appearances has ed progressively to poi wo worypeset heing—the iviselfand foriself orconsclouness, 5. Freedom ‘The Nature of consciousness as Sarre understands its 10 go beyond ieelfto be what it ie notand ot to be what tis. In this sense, ese ‘slouines ess in_jemporal dimensions. Temporaization of consis sys Man doesnot exis fist in oder to be fee subsequently theres 0 ference between the being of man and his being-fre'. He thinks tat the tse of man in the midst of being causes a world wbe discover. ‘The most impor element of this rise is negation and that "Man th tein through whom nethingness comes ino the word’. Freedom of ms is. the_teason why dere i nethingness in the world in ater word. ‘being that conditions th appearance of nothingness is freedom, The com. Aion due wo which human realty can deny te whole or pat of the wold ‘sthathuman reality cries within self the nothingness. which sepacies —t prsent fromthe past. Consciousness consiues ite in laion oncition_in his metaphorical language: ‘Freedom is the human being ‘ating Nt past ou of play be secreting his own nothingness. Co Scanned with CamScanner7 Phenomenology and Existentatom nossa netics de ian ip 7 sian ofp ing ‘ra heh pte Seman ae cxpeses_the ontological dimension of consciousns ka (Sin cb suis by sp ang fo At at 8 pon f he fois ree tat iscanin no way determine by self whatnot, oly by pare “resin eine ante wor oe we ne Caktnd te seine as ntcaable and shave ce ny acon, Cascunes he ee oobi of elleting a rpure with pay, af ence Get e fc the ps asta be able o confer on be mea haute ssf he poet ofa meshing whch pet wae Se ‘think that there isan action without cause; rather, his ides every Sion st have shen nde end tee e GE sea ofan alin viton a cue ssh fe we SE teson inf es tyend compra tse fact-end, indeed we ought to ask how a cause (or motive ean be eons tuted as such’ or. something to be a cause it has tobe experienced as such is the foriself which confers on the eae is values as cause or motive, The ‘motive ean be understood only by the end: ati, by the on-exitent ‘When a low-paying jb is acepted ot of fear fear is amatve. Bu the fear, aie that of dying from starvation, has its meaning ouside nan end ‘eslly posited. I i understood in relation to the vale whieh given 0 Tie 6 refered vo the hierarchical system of ideal objets which ae values. Thus the motive hss be understood by means of the collection fF beings which ‘eno andy the fue. The future tums bck on he fst and the presenti onder to este them are thinks tat teat, the motive, and the ea are all constiuel in single upsurge. Each of the vee setts claims he two oes as is meaning. But the foganived oaliy ofthe thee i not expained by any pacar src {orcad he upsurge ase pare temporalicng nila of the inves ‘reedom ‘San fa alcady ssid hat pegation comes nto. the world hough nat ativity. The hte is lo eapable of realizing a ‘niilaing rope wit he-wurld and with himelP. Ths pemanentpossbity of Ms rp- ture redo, This shows tht for man the existence is such Hat aman ieality "is its-own nothingness and or itt be it iit the i-ivel ‘which tis Hs because of his tha the forse as to be what itis not aa “o say that iti wha isnot, while not being what its, 10 sy that ini existence precedes esence'. All this means the same thing, o be wate that man is fre. There is limit my fredorn and“ am gon- SS The Philosphy of Sarre wr tc himanis gat he Mais of the French Commune Pay which, hs thogh, was a debumanizng mate als. He exprese ese en Extent I 4 Homann” pb lished in 1943 andi "Miter and Revolt’ pulsed in 1946 He rold to defend his concep of radical fedom th most Enporant ‘clement of revolutionary thor. He si," bas deaf Existential ism is tha'ever in the mos crshing stains, Be mos fel cea stances, man fe. Man sever powers exp en he is prnded ‘hat hei and the esponstility of man is immense because he Beoomes hat he decides tobe We hve already meoned the etal pt of “Eset Isa Harmanisn’. Repadig the social and plicl paso hy of Humanism the main eas ante sarod a lls ‘@) Exseniatism is Humanis beesse (according to man iss re being and ie decides his oun destin) be comes to kno that ther are ther human beings tough bi wm eitence Sane tye hat ma Ewe himsef as es wefected i the eyes of hers (i) what man ooes howe, eau eth ite an eal Wht ig deal for a eal forsher Gv) man aso surpass inset inorder to realizes wm end ni such srpasing be comes tobe united wth oer buman beings: (©) there is nothing called naman essence, but Saue as accepted a wie ‘vest of human condions, which isthe Bais for human aon. Every ‘an har 4 admit ceria resistance of objective condone which Se falls “co-iient of adversity’. Every aim is reaable citer inover- onting of thee conditions ori the tasformation of sich conditions. “Tie i what cay be called Sanve’s univerality of human cooitons Moreover, every man cin understand te ination of other buman wings and he can also make thse ments his own. () Sane did not think at te tine of writing “Exientis Isa Humanism’ tit was 0 pilosophy of despair fr this philosophy wants man to face every sation “ily. Bat he deison of man caet be api, nor can it be determined ty a fixed eal or sentiment. Man aso decide alone without any sp on either from society, customs or tadiion, for man is always infor om condition. But Sarvethiaks Ut this responsibility gves man a dg- “The Phtasophy of Sarre a clealrdee ttre geass sci as ey es ia 2 ee ey Set eine i ri er ie ee Oe Bpuiorntee rahe sen hom i ee on seni ne wi tn Sh ce ein ri or eee ee ie Nee a Ny at a es ie Seo or Sr a ee ac ai te a tier aint ene aa a nt ‘samt toa ce netted i ae saa fon ee a oh re ae Seer irietieret ers Se See ed carn eed ae, Peak epkelsperte preety ie pee erate Eire terete “inet cn Sh ee acre rae oe ieee it Rn ed Secgaseeasre oneness cortege at bore nee eee Soracica ingens ams Te a cr Se ee nate Tose scart sec ae eles oe per tiered Spe ran eee ea re ar peg operetta d peed easier oto mr erete mone teria in een atin Se arene ape sro ae ee ee a Tham ante eel Scanned with CamScannerpepartio sok the uty of Me ought and showed a cena al ira m endcnaan! capt a8 an economic sytem, Ne waned the Cornea to ascept fos poopy of ecouiest a it aloes ad gent sharaer ofcrsence. He thought tha som of «be Communist Party dk ot favour the self sf he mid On he ober hand it destroyed the feeds of be worke ina dogma and bureaucane machine, cose is ponton though if wae mot yet properly Ne.2 revlutonay phlei cog tae ors has 10 show how each oe can bean Ne os which wat he sae ume a feeder frill. aly {he die chances of freedom can explain the naions of openly, confit, snd vokence. Thos we se that Sante war gradually coming ‘sea of he roe of pups and ntenabjetive acti in Be igh fenuncipiton He emteruined an obsctive sspician, for maeralsm, 4 was. docre, be though, which could not preerve, human fees sm, He was searching for e formation of 2 group which decane ‘would Ye taken on the hats of discussn, Each one would feel a is fHeedam was protected with al dignity and nowt I 198 Stee seed to come forward for pital action witha the aforesaid aims She beginning of 1988 Sartre cremate weld of plies and funded olka group known as the Rarmdlemen Denscratgue Revolution: sare. He fet that he had discovered 3 poll platform whch would ‘lve the contradictory positions of xiteniaism and Marin, He was ‘a he way to discover hon-Commanit eft which would give tse toa ‘exitential suet of tory. He spoke ofan existential Marin which soul! be 2 plospty of an expinization of existential subject, Mit be Engropeiation of the Mart concept of lenton was the cea pint SFR DAS eric of equttiom The wim of the RDR- was, feelom fom alienation or tue communion. Ste si, "nan ares a, sate of lenatontat he doesnot poses hi wm destiny. hs wif, Isom wos the eas he tase not dey fonned by. we ‘esr concurely to deliver hin the tclgia! level a his my ‘ations that prepuce the democratic exercise of is feedom a othe social evel of forms of explowation tat mak hat an alnated wane ‘Sore now climed wo have come closer Maris, Because he spk of man’s cgay to comprehend and shape human history in tems of ‘sation” His Maris recognized the role of the sabe in wking uation and his Eastenttisn discovered he soil ust The RDS, eco to congue te ‘clr of expt by anew revolutionary eal ‘are. Sure si “is evident thatthe rejetoa of he pieipe of stboriy ty the masses theascves and the exervse of conta auto-ciigur a8 ait tec abating et ce A oe ROR comin ot a irks concrete actual situations. Sartre: SEESIGESSS Tin were owl ee atte encgence ote vw ae eens The tory ofthe ROR was a Cio dpe Tet of Be ROR ot iano Be De oe mal ies med rand or Because ofthe ve entsasm te pottial exponent Sa cma ening am hen The Sar ca ee arne' poltieal inexpenence. He complained Teccoidte ated wo Sen's gla enermes econ) Se a Maines bad wedi fore =a iment jan attack against the Com- Se Han Gomme ath mi eo rata ant June, both was not supped by he wots, The oo ey ease Goverment enraged Sat and the moral supp ae sane “An anti-communist is & ‘onc daypimetn estben An tetra ero elo gt at 8 oy Sa eee She Commons and eee was pase nc town Te Comm mies Sie tSdaeSourtmon ht se ffs aap Seed eran eat wa wae Sermo gen tnt) a fil fd Seyi he endo gpl He a Tastes ot pate snd anual of feo ne Shope w our poses Te was inlined to Merieaw-Pony's notion of ‘Tie iy wh sneha chen he cae ec vera csacer hich prvcmed wean faut te dom te ancl andcnunt the ure of the tenet An ‘onpaci he ‘whinge. Under captain, het, he weet ex ised wu “hele and “abandoer and is elation wih bees St een. Infropmon, the bourgeois base eg Saude the gun epee wos bancaly slur pli ts rent The woking cfd io ecame it sotto by devel tortie wi andi nly by Colectvepojets ta te ashes ‘cuit vecome et aca Te bau Wes ot echnical es Scent cnfned tena incang hte orcnenng ir Siuct be “ss lptiatzng tl tyuem ted on pee breveny. Sane said ae tinea weeny ough te pany et ‘eter could fod 1 type of iy tht could oneemnee oiaion ‘Accning wo Sar, a vocal group could becom clas ety whee ‘mdvvidwal imteriorized a common project and realized his individual wen Scanned with CamScannervet PhenamemsograntEustentitm liye sm ing fe gn is i few Sate was ati heen of aon Ne ated ut wae fe {Sows sme tent change we sell ey ‘ie a yw he wong ce Be sot of the ween = pict Though he Fo Se ea ‘rome te sae of hist. he aie ea Mes Se a tact" nth eye ft none aa ie ay ws on eB Sra i hang mint Ine Chae Sa ke pre lula oe Hanan ies al come ween ‘out net ag narae n ii Hugh ees of de Slain nee soa ae Nearness aan sce of deme aces ceal oeae is The Pattee wef reece nem inal Scion it cea ane class and by donocazing x ances sesons ‘We find that Sartre had sought to uphold the individual freedom in iis- we lc aril rm ie serge neh i eta ‘book; still it was a conversion, a reconsidering of his original project by. Sehnert fe tay es ea wre mr eng eae kabenont fcc tl ne i nt ‘ialism’ He wants to show the importance of Marxisin in our times, though er nn cmp Sn nos wate They cae ee seme tei corte Serrano meee nero z caer rkaraoelie pa esi reason fe poetporary Marxism has 10 Ae ito ac a ea eh cae ae actos ning Co aane aoe Ce tcc pn et Ta er dy ua ample, ied et in te fay. Me ape Lett cn ea re See meee ieee Nena ie a the social and historical emimational factors om the basis of bam ome mca mea ec acter ano ee SL tert es ea et ate sn wea lgeommee ed So iil gsi mca a Ce ee pee oh o> coal teem tet Cc eg Moe eet ae ton Coa aie pet eaten tt oe ae coe Se ee a peel Se as nel cee cl einer cn a Cees eet ne a Se ee al Saher ce te a toe ea ee 2 eae et esate rere ra oa pea sears anaes ton Ste oor ee ee rete oa Se eee ees con Reece ro teresa Scanned with CamScannersol determin the Tit of ditectclKnowledge. Max ad ignored the cal reason for understanding the socio-historical realy. Ire gest Soul! laminate the ston af prox to tong a ee dete ‘volume of "ritique, lis Fed a Sociy. nest ume of the Critique, published in 1960, started with individual sation “esc wt of he lo Sol Bs "See oonne anal np wu, ema ode Tan ns he hi ot pve y a desea yon cara lm temne cee ie a ne nto ake ken ey Src Casper me fh te Se” at Seg Sagem mot ta see a Cvs et ae tir cle gd esac tis ik bl mt, wees de pee a eee eae pel kg pipingeeiat rs rise, tame me elimi sccm Lacon cave ais cs Su by oe eae ess ae ea seg gaat en ow ole rot et on rma ec ace oe sed be ty ry ohn re Sr ce eee ey ere imac sSlecameae ce eaen oees e ee ee ere ae ayy a dma oe mie ee ak i moe al coer ak a eee sso er re rm tears fn a oe as eae a ee ee eas Sete te tele nara Jectical action: and it is through the praxis that necessity is revealed as a transformation of his product and of himself by his product in the other’ It eran he rt yr wk The Php of Serve ‘uation inorder to sbtih son, 2 hing rite by pas ems wm wh pie pore ‘The process of labour conti 3 fom fanantic er pes man tomate himself ino sto. Ther ia panomen dat esas veh is called akenty or obereae The acral ei coon Seare mater divides men in sade ceing a duns teers People Esch man theredy losis ban cnc ni oe (er, Save shins Waal es for Of aension ete ot irmutble, Thre 2 pouBiy. of ting teat pone Sar sci the dali scars of whch om teyend espe of Sane’ rj. 7 olan ft cn cme i papain te smation of group i ery import spect He dass le sein the theo den ens praise thea me gh the “seit be roup-nfasondvials it road et ‘Seon te bast of the alate mate. He mention ae fm Erber ine, 2 7 Sorts i pons pop re Scanned with CamScannerana Feeseine he sou aga igecion tak netbeha tae al wth te Tye a the thea ee of dein ‘tah a8 he onal eat lease wea fet the gr Th ‘st inn helene arg oer apes i sale ‘Kewaton”the what Heat 4 rows of eat of tow devel ag sion The ‘enter fhe group us ea pee fa erent ae rte cone lL te an presese te nya he ane tee oleae the golketoe aan 4 toe way tan Nt eng at Nothingness 2" wal was led aa alse pst eta Sng he up ser at wt Theil eps Rael we Host amma pe In Ne Crique he wae de too tasks a) ete, Denti wales and a sted wenn an Laing the foun for a dali ante fog He thinks dat he his Hee ae to achieve Mese two etl 00 seit event His existent Mars has iol toate Man's Cm Soor oF ts asa sat tiga the oe of feng mone fretly fox oberonty th never fetve my he raions of cial thought Hacc! Barney st Rerseabatna Seah for a Metal Ba) "we en ably eu the Brow Mart sony whic he has adopted There he ea that he maa of mies in ta present societies 2y dermnned by De make aa elas of pdcton and the see smamens srry whi Ate ten Bilt opm den” Sate 9s (Gar mae salva Bata agent ws can ever be made only a predoe Sor ks that sory eat Fe ftgelyiterptd a he sory of lass Men sense have tue polis feed a8 lng as cass desta © Me says also hat be domi eas an ales of a pti cs 0 the deci jst i 30 faa hey make is Sosy The exstnce of las suties i the id of arty ais oceraciscns “Arempts ata baling synthesis, Sores of he cpion, ‘rete un om new contraditions and he St fe finaly resolves unl dhe coming ino being ofa elas » soe Sn sohing of he problems of production’ ‘The Poon of Sarre » le hina whic vets is sence. That Je why be 9 a ex fence pcedes reeace He wil son Uke ¥9 297 that eee mg (ern creme ta onder texan Sar’ tea of the en be foe ersence. an eriience, we have ft ofall 0 se what be nay "An essence tay meso senegal coats ‘Wis something wnat wich a0 ject ete he ime elena em i ec ae an Secon et et et gy he a cece te exbctes man, dopot hk a be wll deny the wad a icra eos mate yor Eaomelimareeiee ieee een te Serie ee sammie ‘cepted, becornes meaningless for ien 10 say that when a man choney 8 Seen cafe ne eae ame reertetcsneeesee Fit ic iin es Sores tpemmgene eet emectsrcare pe lemoctatvrarenherdebsreay fc erin etc ire inter tthe war i iy ans in Sea corto em pai i oa Biber tome ecient belie ieenin Artec te Sr rnen are oe 6 meer ae ate cen ce ot ten Poorer ered greiner oem anee tie bes ses eect Se ete ree achat eis eg tt most seme ei oe ra Senses ne gee ee ties te nec poe, te cect Fe pet gicpen repent inn Ree here recent oe nee erase sear lg Sen Scere AES me heen Fes hor eloeel ond Scanned with CamScannervm Phenomenology and Existentialism steolatey tree. Man has fred every cae of ehie. But aconding 1w Wille Desan, the ever-changing consciousness cannot explain fully wun" sete. IF eomsciowness mes always from one state 1 a ‘er dhenthe fist consciousness which s responsible forte it action snot be responsible forthe sccond setion, Sane has ecceyted the ‘Phenomenslpical method of Hesse but he does ot apse wth esse ‘e smining the exiterce of anapparetly wachanging ego. Buif be dif ferent mica snes ve wo be bog ita hamony with ne anche We ‘ne to accept some son of Metical eoneianess. Otherwise, ety of span s expences of Ri Act will mt be exeibed Sates ary fred depends on tis everanging cncnp of cnscousest be us thn comciouses can alvays change ade never reticed by ‘rating. Bat tin Dory ef eomcloumert too sepponedby our Eafe ‘ence Generally. ifferet metal te Maine the vd iano fur ie bt we cane somthing 8 T wich binds together 8 oe xpesesers tie form ofa uly Bute is more oe unchanging I tothe prt ofthe phlanophes whether is “can be cece! out ‘experience Orsinany min knows ut is ot a ret problem, bel eer lulesyenences rectwe a meaning, te diferent mental eve can Be unvied hy te ead of an apparel unchanging concious, See Ys given Se uparate mental ates en ndependence a tom, be Si nt auponsd by experience ele sayy st tan te vices ty unyting. we an daciner the mate of emcees wap ponies ¥y os experice, Genny cat we amdersand tt Sate the 1) of ste ed re Acco Sarge dma cen incon other words, te soe teas tat haan exsene carne te replated by 09 aw of ‘oisie Hhot we hve altady ted dat eens as en rgotnee fb fran ie tesase wih we tan undenaedentaee fo see ere Bat, ‘Ge a to esi nae owe Bat ny be nd as pea {Ge eomicnnucrm and te mzesy” of ted tapi wre oe phsnapy fares In which Sante las ted ww eeepeealy er Sage i oe penn of Serve eed oma en veencr Toop he hn pea ctswmee mer imppraner Sa eco, es nor bent ie weocee campeon a8 Ge place Het ed nt Us wink ae tat mm ak» me nt coco, 2 ensemie of eenmezas and evescwas. te wesiey of OE, orb © onder to Be. of ennai be a moelé Ager Wah oer capt freedom. Anotter inerpretion may be at fiecdom tion of sndependence fall esvitons, es wel from focdeen The roblem the sume os he eases free deere by foe fan, then we ay ink the freedom ts becoming minced by oer things Bat he meaning of dependence from everthing. ven feeds {shat Thave the power wo destroy my form ly Sane seal el freedom, tere i one thing Ica o, td the deeton of tke Buti do not have Be feedoes to abc tow can feedmn supe scerpeness? Again if there» power to detoy medi, bsaraes Sell-dearctive So we have ts rath be coco ta Gere w nang Called fll nd wesc rede. ihe fret resting tole ‘wecan be fer from everyting even frm feeder. he eek of te seonnd atemative % jelfceevucton, bat itis sho tie el of fae Mereanpaty has said wt hit Phenomenciogy of Perception tat Be ea of aft ronpina! cece is seoramdicion <1 Ore we ce, i ms win ftom somewhere. Thee mute veshing wh las bers ‘pervimaly asqed. Smctng ie piven wd wes aplcs ht eedan, fiom Ga shui If freedom i saching copay serine independent my reste hes bani existe tat wc tb exsimvnaly teak all and creating nell atta ing suis ciarly ielipMe. Freedom vlinatly cases to mee epee ‘wry at Jeger ban ebeed vy te tery of waste ection He es potted ut nied which rede fn dived ae ‘any oppasiom, Kant endo el Otay Ka Degen has rend vga Oe dary of sce Sedo fe ees extend ‘Nar ts he saa fern, wit i feed ofr Eni sac ay opinion. mia wh Sal enmaay wd oa Smt tnd camsepenly tr ene. Ine cate of ele ede, oly Se tea et ab dressage tO Segpeamees of shuppmcan, Ya wo wo nee m. Ainitelnnter trea, Fae des wesoes miqey witane onsen, Hat Se os tak Sock. ok fhe a my eppeminn io ant frm Seething bemet we nae eta {ma Bo ie cee de Bb bad ah pet Neo Hic wits Soy Sa A Be ro speedy wa rent ‘te chee These i a8 therax déasiey ws Manh's wpm. These Scanned with CamScanner7 Pheevmemedey nt tet stouk astro berwccn thin fie one he Fen (Sooke ¢ deme anti er ibe feeder to ingles the dein. {Ste coed coe many Manga uy omnes wer sch ave fe ‘hen he sows ha he ce ane aha here ae 6 fpecacentiwwn The comes te precise and T hive hase ‘om Mies Py i also ot at ths weak pat Sar the Sy ot tron He his tha eh) may bee Bort ta he we the paca afar every Hes Mea a sce we chan sue of act Bane the die to change i gain Fons hit fe shang bee, bt et frosts ts pana ie. ea Pty sens Hato Bee 10 Be ‘Novsnane wor an tm he mond Thee no complete detention fo ut rent ssl ch of termini tar no it {ke amaca! sect ut Us tat ao a pre conchures inept Se st the weight of mute My poet, Ay ewiemest wich five asp ue we, iticu toay where feed beia nd hw the cvenof ts ensommonecste 3 hindrance. The aby bed frsdony tat the lene of my pst ey every conditions, ene ‘somo. fy educates, eer hing settee fore on whoever To, Thavea particu hfe sgt and he my decison according ot Desa bs tned to pont out ate on of hi esson on Shae’ edo that ‘Siolute feedom ext seer IC sty astonishing oid ma tke Su, wo ks 1 gseu, phoomcralogally srl objtve view (Stohat ppea in rey, maapngneverteless bul pa encepton ‘i icedom shih showy uneaisi. Gabel Marcel refer 10 the Strings of Sue 0 redom apd says Bat according to Same, we ct Seeprestuaon of somo fly. Sos By Ou fsedom at we Become Srermbelmed wih gee sys thas someone comes to meet a he Ghevrsomow, me melowne him, Bu long she oer person i pres Shu tunden ots makes ese wanted forget sorow by my Freon neal sor eine ny nd Tie an immovable bj. “Soe has een cic shee by Be Maris. nhs assention of afvotie Fiend bs has epee the eof the theory of eolton hi mun his ached oaneinusess trough te modifieations of NS ‘Rate Sues hascome to) ferent conelsan wit the help ois pe Shcoological metho. He dks Ot coascousess ways changes, Dt Nucral objet emains what i. Soman i ever changing, without Sup reacin and completely diferent frm mater. But cosciousness 2 the complete ascot of mse: man has body andi obeys thew reser lis muir tt comscoasess is fee from such fas, Many “aun hoe lied efeoneciousess asthe efined stage of mtr, Even {Pc crys an coneianes completly diferent fom eats, we The Phlosphy of are % Ss wai nme een a pov seme fe cee ry me Se tome te a od Soe ey oe ae ent ‘Save fan given 9 very pesmi pun, At ka cation ae ted om co ama estan 1 i or umn being, Man wants to commu i cw ste a eer is oj. Tis ess sgl cons ad fy mak ah relatos of love a iss wih es = latent am Soon isa rl ao deo ote we ae cece a weserp is re he ani men il ve ed, hy. Se a ve oed ot at tee inn eng, ay e aymshcncere abot wali Se ane ie fe seth nal an in een cee wit ome of the oc, Soe st ee ig ecmeling he nia ae ty he oo Scanned with CamScanner