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çÓu 3µD;k dkEkuk;qä Hkfä djusokyk O;fä
lguÓkhy gks ldrk gS\
mÙkjµßftudh dkEkuk;qä Hkfä gS] os Øksèkdks t; ug°
vekfuRo vkSj
dj ldrsA dsoy foosdds }kjk Øksèkdks t; ug° fd;k
tk ldrkA fo"k;ksd
a s izfr vklfä dqN gh {k.kesa foosddks
JhHkfäfouksn
fuf"Ø;dj vius jkT;esa Øksèkdks LFkku çnku djrh gSAÞ
çÓu 1µvekuh dSls gqvk tk ldrk gS\
(èkS;]Z lTtu&rks"k.kh 11@5) mÙkjµße® czkã.k gw]¡ e® lEiék gw]¡ e® ÓkkL=ksda ks tkuusokyk
gw]¡ e® oS".ko gw]¡ e® x`gR;kxh gwµ
¡ ,slk vfHkeku er djukA
çÓu 4µuke&dhrZu djusokysdh lguÓkhyrk dSlh ,slh voLFkkvksea as tks lEeku gS] mldks nwljs djs]a e® ,sls
gksxh\ vfHkekuls nwljksla s iwtkdh vkÓkk ug° d:¡xkµe® viusdks
mÙkjµ ßo`{kle {kekxq.k djfc lkèkuA nhu] ghu] vfd´pu rFkk r`.kls Hkh vfèkd lquhp ekuwx¡ kAÞ
çfrfgalk R;ft vU;s dfjc ikyuAÞ (tSoèkeZ 8 ok¡ v%)
vFkkZr~ uke&dhrZu djusokyk viuseas o`{kds leku {kekxq.k
ýlguÓkhyrkþ dk fodkl djsxk rFkk çfrfgalkdk R;kxdj çÓu 2µÏ".k&dhrZudkjhdks dSlk nhu gksuk pkfg,\
nwljksd
a k ýikjek£Fkd :ilsþ ikyu djsxkA mÙkjµßr`.kkfèkd ghu] nhu] vfd´pu NkjA
(fÓk{kk"Vd 3] xhrkoyh) vkius ekfuc lnk NkfM+ vgÁkjû
vFkkZRk~ Ï".kdhrZudkjh leLr çdkjds vgÁkjdks R;kxdj
çÓu 5µ^o`{kls Hkh vfèkd lguÓkhy* ÓkCnls fdl viusdks frudsls Hkh vfèkd nhu] ghu] vfd´pu vkSj
çdkjdh n;k lwfpr gksrh gS\ rqPN ekusxkAÞ
mÙkjµ^rjksjfi lfg".kquk*µbl okD;dk rkRi;Z gS fd o`{k (fÓk{kk"Vd&3 xhrkoyh)
brus lguÓkhy gksrs g® fd os viusdks dkVusokys O;fädks
Hkh lqÓkhry Nk;k ,oa leèkqj Qy çnkudj mldk midkj çÓu 3µfdl çdkjls viusdks vekuh cuk;k tk
djuk ug° HkwyrsA fdUrq Ï".kHkä rks o`{kls Hkh vfèkd ldrk gS\
lguÓkhy gksud s s dkj.k Ók=q&fe= lcdk gh midkj gh mÙkjµßLo;adks nhu tkudj lHkhdks ;Fkk;ksX; lEEkku nsdj
djrs gaSA ;g ^fueZRljrk ;qä n;k* gfjuke&dhrZudkjh viusdks vekuh cukuk pkfg,AÞ
lkèkq&iq#"kksd
a k f}rh; y{k.k gSA** (JhegkçHkq fÓk{kk 10 i%)
(JhfÓk{kkÔd&3] lUeksnu Hkk";)
çÓu 6µD;k èkS;gZ hu O;fädk gfjHktu gks ldrk çÓu 4µnsgèkkjh euq"; viusdks dSlk ekusxk\
gS\ mÙkjµßekuonsgµdsoy dkjkxkj ek= gSA blds lkFk
mÙkjµßHktuÓkhy O;fäds fy, èkS;d Z h vfr vkoÓ;drk vkRekdk vfuR; lEcUèk gSA vr% tcrd bl Ókjhjesa
gSA ftlesa èkS;xZ .q k gS] ogh èkhj gSA èkS;xZ .q kds vHkkoesa jgk tk;] rcrd ekuodks viusdks r`.kls Hkh vfèkd
ekuo p´py gks mBrk gSA tks vèkhj gksrs gaS] os dksbZ Hkh uhp tkuuk pkfg,AÞ
dk;Z ug° dj ldrsA èkS;xZ .q kds }kjk lkèkd Lo;a viusdks (rÙolw= 23 lw%)
oÓkesa j[kdj vUresa leLr txr~dks oÓkesa dj ysrk gSAÞ
(èkS;]Z lTtu&rks"k.kh 11@5)
2
çÓu 5µD;k fo:ixzLr O;fäds fy, r`.kls Hkh os lHkh thoksd
a ks Ï".knkl tkudj fdlhls Hkh }s"k ;k fdlhds
vfèkd ghu gksuk lÂr ug° gS\ çfr çfrfgalkdh Hkkouk ug° j[krsA os vius eèkqj opuksla s
mÙkjµßr`.k ;|fi tM+oLrq gS] rFkkfi mldk oLrqxr ,oa txr~&eÂydkjh vkpj.kksla s lHkhdks lUrqÔ j[krs g®AÞ
vfHkeku(vgÁkj) U;k;&lÂr gh gSA fdUrq esjk orZeku (fÓk{kk"Vd&3 lUeksnu Hkk";)
LFkwy&lw{e Ókjhjxr vfHkeku(vgÁkj) Ókq¼&Lo:ilEcUèkh
ugha gksud
s s dkj.k oLrqr% mfpr ug° gSA r`.kdk vfHkeku çÓu 2µ;Fkk;ksX; lEEkku nsuls s D;k le>k tkrk gS\
okLrfod gS] fdUrq esjk tM+kfHkeku vokLrfod gSA vr% mÙkjµßoS".koksd
a k gh lEeku gksuk pkfg,A ;fn oS".ko&
esjs fy, r`.kls Hkh lquhp gksuk ;FkkFkZ gh gSAÞ lUrku Ókq¼&oS".ko gks]a rks mudh Hkfäds rkjrE;ls gh
(fÓk{kk"Vd&3 lUeksnu Hkk";) muds lEeku dk rkjrE; gksxkA ;fn oS".ko&lUrku dsoy
O;ogkfjd euq"; gks]a rks mudh x.kuk O;ogkfjd euq";ksea as
çÓu 6µ^vekuh* ÓkCndk rkRIk;Z D;k gS\ gh djuh pkfg,] mudh x.kuk oS".koksea as ug° djuh pkfg,
mÙkjµßvekuh ÓkCnls dhrZudkjh lkèkdksd a s feF;kfHkeku& rFkk mudk oS".kods :ies lEeku ug° djuk pkfg,A tks
ÓkwU;rk:i r`rh; y{k.kdks lwfpr fd;k x;k gSA ek;kc¼ oS".ko g®] mudk oS".koksfpr lEeku djuk pkfg,A tks
thoksd a s LFkwy ,oa lw{eµnksuksa nsgksla s lEcfUèkr ;ksxÓS o;Z] oS".ko ug° g®] mudk ekuoksfpr lEeku djuk pkfg,A
HkksxÓS o;Z] èku&oSHko] tkfr] o.kZ] cy] çfr"Bk vkSj vfèkdkj nwljksd
a s çfr eku nsuos kyk ug° gksuis j gfjukeesa vfèkdkj
bR;kfnls mRiék gksuos kys ftrus Hkh vfHkeku ga]S os lHkh çkIr ugha gksrkAÞ
vfHkeku thoLOk:ids fojksèkh ,oa feF;k gaAS bu feF;k (tSoèkeZ 8 ok¡ v%)
vgÁkjksla s jfgr gksuk gh ^feF;kfHkeku&ÓkwU;rk* gSA bl çÓu 3µviusdks xq# ekuuk D;k ekunèkeZds
çdkj mu vgÁkjksd a s jgusdk gsrq fo|eku jgusij Hkh fo#¼ ug° gS\
feF;kfHkeku&ÓkwU;rk vkSj lguÓkhyrk:ih xq.kksla s foHkwf"kr mÙkjµßfuts Js"B tkfu] mfPN"Vkfn nkus]
O;fä gh JhgfjdhrZu djusds ;ksX;re vfèkdkjh g®A ,sls g*cs vfHkeku HkkjA
Ókq¼ lkèkdHkä x`gLFkkJeesa czkã.k vkfndk vfHkeku rFkk rkb fÓk"; rc] Fkkfd;k loZnk]
R;kxh gksuis j laU;klh vkSj oSjkxh gksuds k vgÁkjµbu lcdk uk ybc iwtk dkjû
loZFkk ifjR;kx djds JhÏ".kds pj.kdeyksea as gh vuU;:ils vFkkZr~ viusdks Js"B ekudj nwljksd a ks viuk mfPN"V
fpÙkdks yxkdj JhÏ".kdk uke&lÁhrZu djrs g®AÞ çnku djusij vfHkeku c<+ tkrk gSA blfy, e® loZnk
(fÓk{kk"Vd&3 lUeksnu Hkk";) vkidk fÓk"; cudj jgqx¡ k vkSj dHkh fdlhdh iwtk xzg.k
ug° d:¡xkAÞ
ekunRo vkSj
(çkFkZuk] ykylke;h 8] dY;k.k dYir#)
(^JhHkfäfouksn&ok.kh&oSHko* uked xzUFkls vuqfnr)
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