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Oil and Gas Sorces
Oil and Gas Sorces
The world is a big place, and searching for oil and gas in it can be like trying to find
a needle in a haystack. The possibilities can be significantly narrowed however, if
you know where to look. And to know where to look, you need to know where oil
and gas come from, which brings me to bacon. Cooking bacon produces oil and
gas, both of which are brimming with hydrocarbons or molecular chains of
hydrogen and carbon atoms. These oil and gases are released from protein and
fat cells in the bacon that break down under heat from the stove.
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Cooking bacon is a greatly speeded up analogy for how oil and gas form in nature.
Rather than bacon, the primary source of the oil and gas is microscopic marine
organisms, also known as plankton. Plankton are the most abundant form of life
in the oceans, and the base of the marine food chain. The kitchen for oil and gas is
the offshore, where sediments eroded from the land accumulate. However, oil
and gas formation will only begin when the marine life in this region is so
abundant that a significant fraction dies uneaten and accumulates on the seabed
along with sediments coming off the land. I have here a rock that is chock-full of
fossils, embedded in a fine clay matrix sediment that was eroded off of some
ancient land mass. It is this type of layer from which oil and gas first forms.
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As this layer, over time, is buried under more and more sediments, pressures and
temperatures can rise to the point that they break down the organic matter,
cooking it, and releasing the oil and gas it contains. For this oil and gas to
ultimately be economic to extract, it must be trapped in the subsurface and
accumulate in large volumes. Determining whether a region meets all the
conditions required for an economic accumulation of oil and gas demands a lot of
information. We do know where to start to look for oil and gas though, and that is
in the offshore environment with prolific marine life and high sedimentation
rates. In modern ocean basins, this is often major rivers. On land, it's regions with
rocks like this that indicate that at some point in the past, the environment was
conducive to forming oil and gas.
0:05
مع الوقت ،تتعرض هذه الطبقة للدفن أكثر وأكثر تحت الرواسب ،الضغوطات 3و
، الحرارة ترتفع لتلك النقطة التي تكسر المواد العضوية
. وطباختها ،وتحرير النفط والغاز 3التي تحتوية
ً
، لهذا النفط و ⏎ الغاز في نهاية المطاف أن يكون اقتصاديا 3إلستخراجه
. يجب أن يكون محاصراً تحت السطح ،ويتراكم 3بكميات كبيرة
تحديد ما إذا كانت منطقة تفي بجميع الشروط 3المطلوبة من أجل
. تراكما ً إقتصادياً 3من النفط والغاز يتطلب كم هائل من المعلومات
على الرغم من ذلك نحن نعرف أين نبدء بالحث عن النفط والغاز ،وهذا في
. البيئة البحرية الغزيرة بالحياة البحرية ومعدالت ترسيب عالية
. في األحواض المحيطية الحديثة ،وهذا هو في كثير من األحيان األنهار الرئيسية
في اليابسة ،المناطق 3التي تحتوي صخور 3مثل هذه والتي تشيير إلى أن في نقطة مافي
.الماضي ،البيئة كانت تؤدي إلى تكوين النفط والغاز