Eris (minor planet designation 136199 Eris) is the most massive[20] and second-largest

known dwarf planet in the Solar System. Eris was discovered in January 2005 by a Palomar
Observatory-based team led by Mike Brown, and its discovery was verified later that year. In
September 2006 it was named after the goddess of strife and discord. Eris is the ninth-most
massive object directly orbiting the Sun, and the sixteenth-most massive overall in the Solar
System (including moons). It is also the largest object that has not been visited by a spacecraft.
Eris has been measured at 2,326 ± 12 kilometers (1,445.3 ± 7.5 mi) in diameter.[10] Its mass is
0.27 percent of the Earth's mass and 27 percent more than dwarf planet Pluto's,[12][21] though Pluto
is slightly larger by volume.[22]
Eris is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO) and a member of a high-eccentricity population known as
the scattered disk. It has one known moon, Dysnomia. In February 2016, its distance from the
Sun was 96.3 astronomical units (1.441×1010 km; 8.95×109 mi),[17] roughly three times that of Pluto.
With the exception of some long-period comets, until 2018 VG18 was discovered on December
17, 2018, Eris and Dysnomia were the most distant known natural objects in the Solar System.[17]
Because Eris appeared to be larger than Pluto, NASA initially described it as the Solar
System's tenth planet. This, along with the prospect of other objects of similar size being
discovered in the future, motivated the International Astronomical Union (IAU) to define the
term  planet for the first time. Under the IAU definition approved on August 24, 2006, Eris is a
"dwarf planet", along with objects such as Pluto, Ceres, Haumea and Makemake,[23] thereby
reducing the number of known planets in the Solar System to eight, the same as before Pluto's
discovery in 1930. Observations of a stellar occultation by Eris in 2010 showed that its diameter
was 2,326 ± 12 kilometers (1,445.3 ± 7.5 mi), very slightly less than Pluto,[24][25] which was
measured by New Horizons as 2,376.6 ± 3.6 kilometers (1,476.8 ± 2.2 mi) in July 2015.[26][27]