MAKKMHHOH VrPA HAVB3YCTb. Tlepesog ¢ anrsuiickoro, BCTYNHTebHaA CTaThA M MipuMeqaHHa ®, COKOJOBA LIJbCTBO MY3bIK As EOT MEPEBOAYHKA B coppeMentiom My3biKabHOM HcnoaHHTenBcTBe, nowKaayil, HeT 6o- siee croxkHoll, Gosee sanyTaHHol H BMecTe c Tem Gosee akTyabHOf NpoGseMs, uem npoGseMa MysixaabHOl namarH, Cube ca ver Hazaq BosHHKaa a crasa nocteneHHO YTBepxLaTHCA TeNeHUKA KOHUepTHOrO HCHOAHeHHA Ges Hor Hc Tex TlOp sta npo6ema BorHYeT, XOTA HB pasMMYHOH creneHH, yua- UUIXCA H MACTHTEIX apTHCTOB, MepeOBKX MBICAAULNX MeAaroroB H KPyNHBX, yuensix. Mower aH xora Gut oAMH aprHcT MOxBanuTbca TeM, ¥T0 ero naMsT’ Bcerga paGotata GesotkasH0? Ectb au y KoHlepranra noaHas yseper- HOCTb B TOM, 4TO KaKOe-aHGO MpouswerenHe, yaKe LeCATKH pas uM Ha scTpaze, B caeayiouui pas npofiter Gnaronoayso? Moxer an nae caMBli ONBITHBII Nenaror YTBepAAATb, WTO BAAReeT METONOM, rapaHTHpyIOUHM ysepentoe socnpoussexene? Ha pce 9TH BoMpocH McTopHA ucnoaNHTeABCTBA HW MYSBIKAbHOH MeAarOrHKH MOXxeT AAT AMM OTPHUATeAbHEI oTBeT. H He nO- TOMY JM MYSBIKANBHO-MeTOMMeCKaR M NearordMecKas ANTepatypa npowlsor 3aNOdHeHa pasTHVHbIMH peXOMeHAAUMAMH, HCNOAHUTeETAM crioKofinyio yBepenHocTs B cBoeit MaNsTH, CpenH THX peKoMeHAanii mHoro HaNBHOTO, Nopoii Aa%Ke CMeWHOTO, HO MHOTO H MeHHOTO, He yrpaTHBUlero cBoero npaxtuyeckoro stayenus no ceit eH." Tucats 0 MysukaabHolt naMsTH HadaaH eule B ceperHHe Mpomaoro BeKa, Kora KOHepTHOe HenOAHeHHe Ged HOT He ‘TOMKO He cuMTamOCe OGasaTeAb- HBIM, HO HampoTHB, paccMaTpHBasocb Kak cBoeoOpasiiblit . Ha cmewy onuiM HeygoGcream, cuasaiusm ¢ pasgpanpaniiem BHUMAHUA, * B kawectae Kypseaa MoxkHO MpuBecTH cont HeMeUKOro (opreniaH- Horo nenarora u Teopetuxa Fepmata Baabtia. OH peKomeHjoBan say4uBatb MYSUKATEHBI MaTepiaa TaKHM O6pason, WTOOM YweHHK MOT CBIrpath Mbecy B pakooOpasuom apwxenun (oT NocaemHero Taxta K TepBoMy), AGO ¥epe3 TaKT, HAM RarKe NO cHCTeMe: Hepsi TAKT—nocaeRuUM TaKT, BTOPOH — npex- Rocaeguui, tpernli —npeanpeanocaeami ut. x. (wt, mo xunre: T1po- Kopses fT. Gopwmposaime aysukanra-uenonuineas-nuanuera. H2-B0 AHH PCOCP. M,, 1956, crp. 461). 3TpHUAIH APyrHé — HeoGxoAHMOcTS ycTOfMMBOrO sanOMHHAHUA H TeKCTYAqBHO TOYHOTO BOCMPOHSBEMeHHA, orpalM4nBatoulan MacuTaGE HcnOAHHTeAECKOFO. Peneptyapa; Heysepentocts B GesorKasHOcTH paOorl NAMATH, AOXoAsULaR Nopoht Ho My¥HTeMBULX NepexHBaNHH KAK B NpeAKOHUePTHH NepHor, TAK HB ocoGeHHOcTH BO BpeMA KoNUepTa, OnHa GopMa cKOBaHHOCTH cMeNHnach Apyroli, He meHee crpaumol. H xota PoGept Lyman yraepynan, 470 «aK- Kopa, chirpanunii Kak yroqHo cBoGoRHO MO HOTAaM, H HaTOnOBHHy He SBy4HT Tax CBOGOANO, Kak CHIrpaHiii Ha naMats> *, Kaapa Ulyman KaK wcnoaun- TenbHHua, NO-BUAUMOMY, He pasneasaa stoM ‘TouKH spenus. To ceuaeTedb- CTBAM cCOBpeMeHUHKOB, Oa Mpoawza HeManO cies 3-32 HeOOxoAHMOCTH urpats Ha myOauKe Ges wor. JecatkKH TanaHtanBHix apTHcToB BEIHYACReHE Guinn u3-sa MYK 9CTpaxoGoRsHM OTKASATECA O1 KOHLepTHOH JesTeAbHOCTH M AM HeMHorHe Hamepexop yxpenasiouelicn Moze NpodOMKAAH CTaBETS Ha nyawt Hor (P. Tonto, T. Tewernuxui). B nocaeguem necatuaern XIX seka nyGawunoe ucnoaHeHne HaHsycTD crano screTuveckoh HopMofi H BoaMOXHO NOsTOMy HHTepec K MpoOseMaM My- SbKANBHOH NMAMsITH SaMeTHO Bo3poc. OnHAKO Gbin0 6s OWHGONHHIM OODsC- HATS 9TO OAHHM ANID HIMeHeHHeM SCTeTHMeCKHX KPHTepHeB HCTOMHHTeMb- crsa, B Gonbuteli mepe poct irepeca onpeneanaca, nlo-anqMMomy, yenexaMu SKCMEPHMEHTAMBHON MCHXOAOTHH H, B YACTHOCTH, sKcTepHMeNtTambHO-TcHXONO- TwveckMH HccnenoBaHHsMH namsTH. B 1885 rony HeMenKnit ncnxosor T, 966nuray3 ony6ankonaa ceolt Kanutaabuui Tpy”, anu Mout Tom- Nok Aasbielueny HayveHMo pagaHuHBIx acneKton o6ulel npoGaemBt ma- matu.** TlokasateabHo, ¥TO ec 2O STOTO BPeMeHH BHICKASHIBAHHA 0 na- MATH MYSMKAHTA-HCHOAHHTeENA GIN BKPanVeHt B BHAe OTAeABILIX Miceli, coneToB H peKoMeHAauufi B oGuleMeTOANYecKHe paGoTs, TO B mocmeaHeM RECATHAETHH NPOULOTO BeKA NOABHAMCH YrKe cHeUMaTbHBe cTaTEH HK RAKE KHHTH, MOCBAMLEHHBIE HCcAeMOBaHMIO My3biKaabHOi NAMATH Kak HOpMaabHOli, Tak H MaTosorHueckH HIMeHeHHON. H BHAUMO Me cay¥aiio Ha cocTomBUIeMeA 8 1896 rony Tpersem mTepHanHonasbHOM KoHrpecce neitxoaoroB B MroHxene NpoGnemam My3sikabHOH TaMATH GuLT0 MoceRMeNO TPH cheMMaTbHEX 20- kaaga.*** : B 1897 rogy wa crpanuuax Hemeukoro mysbikasbHoro x&ypHasa «Central- blatt fiir Instrumentalmusik, Solo—und Chorgesang> passepayzace octpaa AHCKYCcHA sa TeMy, KOTOpyi0 B OGWLHX NepTax MOXHO Gpi10 Gu cchop- Myanpopate MpHMepHo Tax: , — micas apTopy usectibe nuanuerte Posnia uw Hocud Tesun, Aaptpea Kopto ocoGo moawepknya npakrueckyto uettocrs paGorel JI. Maxxunnox, casio mpeyseanuns, snpowem, sacayr astopa s pemrent oSuleh npoGneMH MyaniKaaHoi naMsTH, . Mopectuast auranickan nuaiuctka Mafipa Xece ropsyo nosapapiaa JI. Makxwon ¢ Kuuroii, KoTopas, nO ee MHeHHIO, . Tipnsepio 8 rakom ie ayxe pbicKasamcs nianncts Tapoma Baysp 1 Ossra Camapona, anpwxepsr Cepreii Kycesuuxui Anpnan Boyar, opra~ xuer Crenmm Poynep 1 Muorie apyrie nusite MystiKanril. He Gynew npu- BOAHT HX OTSKIB0B, TAK KaK WHTaTemO, NO-BIAUNOMY, YKe AocTaTONHO sCeNt Tor OGulecrBeHHBit pesoHaxc, KOTOPHI Obin BLIsBaH NoRBAeNMeM B cBeT STO! poli paGorey, nocaAMentofi npoO.eMaM MyabiKAabHOl NAMATH. Kro 2ke sBaeTeA ABTOPOM KHHITH, BEISBABIeH cTOm BocTOpreHHy!o peanunto? Vows Jinamac Maxkiunon — yyemus vasectioro auraniicxoro ¢oprenuan- Horo negarora, KoMMosHTopa HM MeToaucTa Tosna Matren — Mazo 4To roBo- PHT comercKoMy ‘iTaTem0, a wexay Tem, B 30-x rowax Hauero BeKa 370 4iMs1 Momss0naa0ce B Aura GoW! M sacayKeHHOm nonyaRpHOCTEHO. Tananranpas, mpesocxoauo o6ysenitan nuatuctka, JI. Maxkuntion no oxomvannn aougoucKoi Koposesckoit AKagemun My3bikH Moro KoNUepTH- popaia Kak y ceGA Ha pozHHe, TaK H 3a ee npenenamn, BLCTYNana B Ka WecTae coaNCTEN c KPyNHeMMNNA aursniicKHMH CHMIpoHNYecKHMH opkeerpaMn (no ynpasstenuen Tenpn Byaa) Bocrorckum cumboruveckim opkectpom (oa ynpasaennem Cepren Kycesnuxoro), akTisHo sauuMaaacl meaaroruye- Koll neaTeabnoctb.o. Aoctofinaa yyenuua cpoero Bbiqatouleroca, BcecTopoHie spyAupoBannoro yontens, JI, Maxkiuuon neerta rayGoKo wHrepeconasace Teopetiecknam NpoGaemann My3biKasHoro ucnoaMNTeMcTBA H MeAarorHxH, CpaBniTeabio Patio ona Havana sect sieKuHoHM Kypc, a B 1936 roay onyGaNKoBata cBOIO Nepay!o Kpynuylo meroauecxyio paSory , cOcTaBAMIOULNX coneprKanne paGoTH JT. MaKkii- HOH,— To senate aktyadbuelimmx mpo6sem coBpementoi ¢oprenuannoit ne- AaroruKn, uSa0KeHHBIX B MONy.INpHO!, AOCTyNuOH cavomy wHPOKOMY Kpyry * Mackinnon, Lilias, Musical Secrets. London, 1936,unratenelt dopme* TayGoKoe mpaxtuyeckoe sane gena 8 coveranun ¢ AoctynHocTsio HaOxKeHKA HM MNTPHTYIOMNM HasBaHveM creaano «Mys3bI- KasbHBIe cexpeTbi> ypessHualiHo MonyaspHOl KHIDKKOH, cHNcKaBUIeh aBTopy aacayxenutll ynex. Tleppan paGora JI, Maxkuunon Guia nocanuexa pasansinm npo6.ae- Mam optenanvoro Hekyccrsa, Ho B Heli ye YyBCrByetes pactyuinit unTe- pec aBropa K mpoGreme mysuiKaasHoi nansTH —ueHTpasbHOl npoGseme ee Bropoli paSorh, mpeamaraemoii bie copeTcKOMy wTATeMO. B orawine OF MHOrHX ABTOPOB-MYSBIKAHTOB, MHCABUINX 0 MySbIKasbHOH namatn, JI, MakkHHHon “He orpannunpaercs y3KoyTHaHTapHof tTpaxToBKoit POA MYSBIKANBHOM MaMATH B MYSbIKaMbHOM HCMOTHHTeABCTBeE HM MesaroruKe. Ova cranuT npoGxemy maMsTH oe» WMpOKO H Ha HepaMi Baran AaKe cosqaeren pilevataeHHe, 470 PHA BONpocOB, saTponyTHIX B sTOM KHHTe, He uMeeT MpAMOTO OTHOUIEHHA K MYSHIKANBHOH NAMATH, Kak TaKOBOH. Ho sto nepsoe BnevataeHNe cTupaeTes, Kora HavuHaeUI» BAyMURATECA B OOueTCH- XosOrHHecKYIO KOKMEMNIO ABTOpa, TPakTyWoULero MYSBIKANBHYIO MAMATh KaK COBOKYMHOCTS BCEX S/IEMCHTOB, COCTABAALOWLNX MYSbIKAJIbHBII OBIT, KaK HeO6- XOAMNMYIO Mpemmocsizky oByseHH, paccMaTpHBaeMoro B caMOM WHPOKOM naane. Bosmoxno, wall YHTATeA H He COrAacHTCH CO CTOAb WIMpOKOH H HeNpH- BBIYHOM guia Hero KOHMEMINeH MYSBIKANbHOM NAMATH, Kak Ol, BeposTHo, He COrmACHTCA HC OTHENBHBIMH SKCKYPCaMH aBTOpa B OGzacTe McHXOAOrHH (roee — newxoanamsa). Baech He ecto, pasyMeetes, nogseprats nerambioMy o6eyxexeno caomHellwHe H elle He 20 KoHUAa paspeulenbie coppeMento HayKoi McHXo- aoriueckne npoGaenu. Ja 310 H We HyMHO, Tak KaK CaM aBTOp MeHBule Bcero npérewayer Ha por BcesHaloulero cneuMaaHeTa-ncHXOAOra H MpeKpacHo TOHHMAeT CKPOMHOe SHayeHHe cBoeH padoTs HMeHHO B sTOM NaaHe, , He caenyer sa6sipatb Take, YTO H caMa Kura HanwcaHa cable NeTHEPTH peKa Maza, KOFMA MCHXOTOTHA Guiza emte, No BEIpAXKeNMIO aBTOpa, . Ham octaerca caeaats elle HecKosbKo npegwapHTenbubix saMevanuit, npexkse eM nepenats KHHTY B pyku MHTarenel, B pa6ore JI, Maxxnuson scrpevaeren Goabuloe KoaMYecTBO HOTHWX mpH- mepor. Hx penakuna vB OcoGeHHOcTH Hx aBTOpcKat TPakTOBKa BOaMOXHO puoReT HeKOTOpHe HenoyMenus, He caeayer yauBaatsen sToMy. JI. Maxkut- tox, Gyayan yGexnenHbIM nocaeqoBaTerem mKons Tosa Marres, ectecr- eto, ROCTpHHAKa ero TOKY apeHHA Ha MpHpoAy saTaKroR, MoTHBHO-rema- THNeCKOe CTpoeHHe MySBKANbUBX ¢pas, apTHKyAAMMIO HT. 2. OrcoRa—ee wacrsle ynpekH B Aagpec Kpynxeilumx KoMMOsHTOpoB mMpoultoro no noBoAy Henpabiabio paccTaBaeHMX TaKTOBLIX YepT; oTCIOAa H Mopol crpanian NyWKTHpHan suTepatypa, npeanaraemad autopom (xoTa Ha ctp. 40 uMeetea eMleuMaabHoe yKasAHHe Ha TO, TO «HH OfHA HS MYHKTHPHAX aKHHH B sto! kunire He omKHa MpHHHMaTbcA GeaoroBopoutor), MM cosHaTemso coxpa- ATK HOTHYIO peMAKWIO MOAAMHHUKA ¢ TEM, NTOOB MNTATeM MeN BOIMOX- HOCTS MOSHAKOMUTKCR C HECKOALKO HHO, HeOOEINOH, TOUKOH spenia 1 OGbeKTHBHO OeHHTD ee. B Kone KHHrH NoMeleH oGaervenHbiit HayunbIi annapat (KOMMeHTapHH 4 uMeHHOH ykasaTenb), MpHaBARH pasBACHUTS OTAeADBIe HeRCHOCTH, KOTO- PBle, BOSMOXKHO, BOIHMKHYT NO XOLY ‘Tellus, a TAKAE PACKpLITh HeKOTOpHIE MamoMaBecTHMe HH YE 3AGHTHE HMA MYSHKAHTOB npouAHx ANel. Oco6o caeayer OOpatuth BHUMaHHe WuTaTeNA Ha xKUBO!, KPACONNMA I9BIK aBTopa H cBOGOAMBI, OTMevEHHEI NevaTbIO serKorO axraniicKoro YoMOpa, JM- Teparypunit cruab, KoTOpLit MepesoAUIK, B Mey CBOHX cH H BOSMoxHOCTel, mustatea coxpaitirb,Bce #aaywmca Ha HedOCmamoK namamu, HO HuKMO HE Hanyemcn Ha HedOcmamoKk Onazopa3zymua.Apysoas, koropux a xuxozda He eudera— MOUM KOppecnondeHTaM-yueHUKaM MPEAMCAOBME Taasuoe Mecto B Moeli KH3HH 3aHHMaeT My3bIKa, a He ncuxosorua — npetmMer rayGoKuit Hw TaHHeTBeHHDIii— 4 noTOMy a [pekpacHO NOHHMalO CKpOMHOe 3Ha¥eHHe SToro Tpyna. Ho Kak peOeHky cyyaeTCA HHOra 3aMeTHTb TO, YTO YCKONb3HYy/10 OT BHUMAHHA B3POCILIX, TAK H MH€, BO3MOXKHO, YAas1OCb YAOBUTE BA3b HHTepecylolero Me€HA BOMpoca c McuXOsorHeli, KOTOpan QO CHX NOP HeAOOUeHHBatach B MY3bIKaIbHO-nNeLaroruyeckoli npakTuke. Kaxkabii aptuct 8 cBoeli jeatenbHocTH MHoroe jaa ceOa OTKPbIBaeT H BCe 2%e peNKO OplBaeT XOPOWHM Megarorom. Yuenuku Takoro mefarora-apructa, KaK MpaBHO, AMUIb ceno KONHPYIOT OTAebHBIE NPHEMBI cBOerO Y4HTeMA, TAK H He NO- CTHIad CYWHOCTH HaHGo.1ee NonesHbIx ero Hzeli. B rogbi moero cTyZen4ecTBa MHe MpHUIOCch cepbesHO 3a- uateet naMaTHio. Urpan MHoro let TOTbKO 0 HOTaM, coBep- useHHO Hepectata RoBepsitb cBoei MaMATH—NaMATH AeTCTBa, Kora 3anOMHHaellb Bce Kak Nonyrali. Bmecto Toro, 4YTo6bI nos- AatTbCA BOAHEHHIO H HEPBOSHOCTH, CTOMb WIHPOKO pacnpoctpa- HeHHbIM B cpefe MOHX TOBapHuleli-cryqenTOB, 1 peliua HaliTH cHcTeMy 3aHATHI, KOTOpan OGecreuHa Obl cMOKOMHYIO yBepeH- HOCTb B cBoeli NaMsiTH. Tlepego muoit crosaa Tpyauaa mcnxonoruueckan mpo6aema, KOTOpylO HHKaK He yAaBaJlocb pa3peults. Hakone, B pesy.ib- Tate QONTHX pasayMuit H TMOMCKOB A MpHula K BbIBOLY, 4TO B CYLMHOCTH Nepefo MHOM CTOHT He OfHa, Kak A CUHTAa, a DBE B BbIcWei cTeneHH C/OXKHBIX nMpobempl. OgHa—3To nosro- TOBKa K HCMOWHEHMIO, TO eCTh COOcTBeEHHO paGoTa Haz mpousBe- AeHHeM; Apyrad — HcnoaHeHHe Kak TakoBoe. OctaBanloch TObKO YAMBAATCA, KAK MBICALIHE MearorH MOPIM CMeUIHBaTb CTO/Jb Pasanunple o6s1acTH. Heo6xoqumoctb pellaTb 3TH 1Ba BONpOca HesaBHCHMO Apyr ‘OT Apyra cHawasa Ogaqayua MeHS, HO 3aTeM MHe CTasO ACHO, 4TO OHH ABARIOTCA cihepol AByX POAOB AeATebHOCTH — cosHa- TeAbHOH H NogcosHaTerbHOH. TogcosHateibHaA AeATeMbHOCTD, Ka3a0cb MHe, JlexKasla B OcHOBe MepBOi — NOsTOTOBUTeAbHOH cTaQuM paGorbl, Tora KaK CO3HAaTeIbHYIO A CTAapaslach yBASaTb € co6cTBeHHO HcnoHeHHeM. JImuennaa KaKoli Got TO HH GBIO MOMOULH — MouX TOBapH- el He HHTepecoBan McHXOsOrHYecKHe Npo6vleMbl, a YYHTeIA ObIN CAMUIKOM 3aHATEI 9K3aMeHaMM — st GesycneuIHo mbiTasacn, uwcaenya. cBoeli cucTeMe, YOXxKUTb paGoTy Hal npousBeseHuem B chepy AeaTembHocTH nogcosHanua. Ho ofHaxKAbl Ha MCHA CHH- 3OUIO BAOXHOBeHHE H A BAPYT NOHANa, YTO B OCHOBY cHcTeMBI OMKHO ObITb MOO%KeHO KaK pPa3 OGOpaTHOe COOTHOUIeHMe: co- 3HaHHe OTBeTCTBEHHO 3a MepByl0, NOATOTOBHTeNbHyIO YaCTb pa- Corb — BLIyYHBaHHe NMpoHsBeLeHHA; MoACOsHaHHe — 3a HcNOA- Henne. Tlowemy Hv O@HH Negaror He cKa3aq MHe aToro?! Tlo HoBoit cxeme Bce cTaHOBHsIOCb Ha cBOH Mecta. SI mposoa- ada paOoTaTb Ha CBOHM OTKPbITHEM OTHE TOMbI, HO MaKe H celivac MHOrHe BOMpoctI OcTaloTcH elle HepemenHbimu. )KusHb CAHUIKOM KOpOTKa, YTOGLI MOXKHO GbWIO HadeATbCA KOrMa-1H60 cyllecTBeHHO JONOAHHT. cBOH TpyA, H A MpemoctaBasio mCHxXO- Joram Gynyulero pellHTh HaHGomee yBueKaTeIbHYyIO H3 BCeX npo6iem — npo6wemy BocnHTaHHA MY3bIKAaHTa-HCNOAHHTeAS. Cunrato ce6s B HeomsmaTHOM jonry Mepex BceMH KOppecnioH- UeuTaMu-yueHukaMu BO BceM Mupe. Jlenacb co Mio cBOoMMH Mmpo6seMaMH, OHH Je/HJHCb CBOHM OMbITOM H TaKHM 06pa30M MbI paGotaau BMecte. TombKo GaaroqapA HX ycnexaM H MOOMpeHHio | HaKOHE OKa3aJ1aCb B COCTOAHHH MpeAcTaBHTb B BHAe OTMeMb- HOH KHHTH 9TOT OYePK O My3biKaJIbHOM NaMsTH. a. M. Yencn. Anpent, 1938I Taasa I. KAK PASBHBAJIHCb B3rJlA bt HA MY3bIKAJIDHY!O NAMATb B 1808 rozy Bo spema Konuepta B JlerxopHe! c Ta- TaHHHH Mpousower cryyaii, KoTopplit noctaBua 6bt B saTpyAHH- TeNbHOe TO/OXKeHHE OOMbUIHHCTBO COMMCTOB Toro BpeMeHH: Kak TOMbKO BeNHKH CKpHnay Hayat HurpaTb, o6e cBeyH ynaJH ¢ monutpa. B Halle BpeMa KOHIepTHOe HcmomHeHHe <6e3 HOT» noBce- MeCTHO MPHHUMaeTCA 3a HOPMY, H, O/HAKO, MBI NOWKHLI UMeTS B BUHAY H MOCTOAHHO HanOMHHaTS cee, YTO urpa NO NaMaTH BOULIa B MOLY TONbKO co BpemeH JIuctTa. TipaBaa, H paxblle MY3bIKaHTbI cnOcOOHBI Obl Ha YAHBH- TeMbHble MOABUTH,— 06 9TOM roBopHT onbiT Mouapta, sanucas- lero mo namatn Musepepe? Asierpu c nepsoro npocayumea- HHA; HO YTOOKI OGOH KOHUepTaHT Mor MCHOAHHTS sanHcanHoe MpousBexenHe TOuHO H YBepeHHO 6e3 HOT—STO C4HTaOCb Korga-To HeBepoaTHEIM. Boslee Toro, y4HTea npouoro He TObKO He MOOLIPAJH Hrpy Ha MaMsTS, HO KaTeropHueckH 3anpe- Ula ee, H CIM YYeHHK NO3BOAN CBOHM T1a3aM OTBJeYbCA OT HOTHOTO TeKCTa,— ero OObIYHO NPH3bIBaqH K MOpAAKy cTpOo- THM 3aMeyanHem: «CMOTpH B HOTBI>. To, ¥T0 Hrpa Ha NaMATS OGBINHO cMeUIMBaNach c Hrpol m0 CAYXY, BHANO MO OTPLIBKY 13 BOCXHTHTeMBHOrO TpaKtata J>KOHa Tinefibopaa «Baezenve B HckyccTBO MY3BIKH>, BHepBbIe ONyO.1H- koBaHHoro B 1654 rogy. «Eco yyHTb HaH3ycTb MO ciyxy, He NOMb3yACb HOTAMH, TO He/Ib3A— 3aNOMHHTb OO.ble Toro, 4TO ycBauBaeTca MpH MpockyWHBaHHH 4yxoi urpH. BetyyenHoe TaKWM myTeM, OfHaKO, OveH® cKopo saGbiBaetcn. Hanpotus, TOT, KTO YYHT H ynpaxkHAeTCA NO HOTaM, pykoBogcTByAcb Ta- MyTom® (a 9To ecTb HCTHHHLIe NpaBua MYy3bIKH) — HMKOrAa He nloTepnuT Heyaun>. Tlaxe uckyuleHHli My3bIKaHT, urpad 6e3 HOT, He Mor CUH- TaTb ce6a B Gesonacuoctn. Ewe 8 1861 roay csp Uapas Xamae, McnonHABUINi no NamstTH conaTbl Betxosena, Obi O6BHHeH ra- seo p HeECKPpOMHOCTH H axe B «HCKYWIeHHA caMoro rocnoga Gora».4 13Hecmotpa Ha.10, ¥TO HOBaa Moja HIpbl Ges HOT He on06pa- JaCb HEKOTOPHIMH HCMOMHHTeIAMH CTapO WKOMbI (B TOM 4HCIe wu Kaapoi Lyman, Kotopaa, Kak mumet Smu Peli, «nmakana H3-3a HEOOXOAHMOCTH AelaT 3TO») H BCTpeTHTa pesKHii OTMOpP KPHTHKH,— HHYTO He Moro HoMemaT» ei yrBepauTbca. CroBapb Tpopa cpngetemscrayer 0 To, uo PyOunutelin PoH-Bio- oBa By30Hu noquepKuyl HekoTOpble NpeHMyulectBa Hrpbl 6e3 HOT, no He Bce. Muenve ny6AHkH aeT HaM AONOHHTeEIbHbIe BecKHe OCHOBaHHA B 3allMTy STOH MOMBI. Cuenyet oT2aBaTb cee ACHbIi OTYeT B TOM, 4YTO Mawleiimad CKOBaHHOCTh HCNOAHHTeNA HeH36exKHO MepemaeTcA cayuaTenIM aH eCH HOTbI «MelaloT» COAHCTY, TO HM AA cyWaTenei HactaxK- genve MyabiKoii He MoxXeT ObiTS NomHHM. [y6nHKa, BHe BCAKOTO COMHEHHA, MpesMOuHTaeT HCMOAHeHHe Oo NaMaATH. 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Stor mpouecc MoOcTeneHHOrO BHUTHBaHHA NOSBOVIAeT, OMHaKO, CAelaTb HHTepechble OTKPbITHA, KaCaloulHeca caMoii MYSbIKH, ee HHTepmpeTallHH H TaKHM O6pa30M TOT, KTO YYHT Me/eHHO, MOXKeT OKa3aTbCA B GOMDLIeM BLIMTpbIe. «EctecTaeHHad> MaMaTh OGbIYHO CBASBIBAeTCA C TEM, YTO MPHHATO Ha3bIBaTb «aGCOMIOTHBIM CYXOM», OLHAKO OGJaqaTenH STOO Rapa HepeqKO CAHUIKOM y2K cHellaT HM mMosb30BaTECA. 3anomunaa c slerKocTbw MpoculyilaHHoe HAM MpoHrpaHHoe, OHH He Bcerga MOABepraloT Mbecy LOCTaTOYHO MOGpocoBecTHOMy H3y- MeHHIO, YTO COBEPIWeHHO HEOGXOAHMO AIA TOUHOTO H yBepeHHOrO HcnomHeHHA HaH3ycTR. Tlamatb MonogocTH B Bbicuei cTeneHu BOcnpuMMuuBa. Jlaxe ‘MAJICHDKHe DTH MOryT NOBTOPATS HaM3yCTb WeTble CTpaHHUb! 13 KHUT, JIMUIb BeCbMa CMYTHO MpeacTaBad ce6e UX CMbICI. Taka @aMsTb, BecbMa HaNOMHHalollan MaMATb nonyrafa, HMeeT TeH- AeHWMIO OCNaGeBaTb C pasBHTHEM HHTesWeKTa. JTo H nocayxH0 OCHOBaHHEM Asin HeKoeli TeopuH, coraacHo KoTopol laMATb 7yxyaulaetcn mocae 25-neTHero Bospacta — Bospacta BosMy2%a- Hus. 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To, ¥TO OObINHO NOHMMaeTca nog MY- 3bIKaNbHOM MaMsATbIO, B JelicTBHTeBHOCTH NpescTaBaAeT coboit COTPYAHHYECTBO Pa3IMYHBIX BHAOB MaMATH, KOTOPbIMH OGNaaeT KaXKbiii HOPMAIbHbIii YeTOBeK— 9TO MaMATD yXa, Tia3a, MpH- KOCHOBEHH| H ABHKEHHA; ONbITHDI MY3bIKAHT OObIYHO Mo.b- syeTca BCeMH THMaMH NaMaTH. 1, CLYXOBAA MAMSATb Buiro pews, Kora WayuHaloulNxX 3acTaBaaaH 3HaKOMuTDCA © MYy3bIKO Mpexse Bcero T1a3aMH_KaK C 4eM-TO, ¥TO culeayeT ckopee BHeTb, HexenM cabiuaTb. Jake H B Hall AHH HeKO- Topbie y4aT NOLOGHbIM O6pa30M, NOOUIpAA B CBOHX yYeHHKAaX Bpeduble mpusEiukh. AMeHHo Te, 4bA MYCKYJIbHaA NaMATb ynpaB- “ineTen GO.bUle SpeHHeM, YeM BHYTPeHHHM CTYXOM, Yale BCero H XKaNyIOTCA Ha OTCYTCTBHE cAyxa. Uerbipe THNa NaMATH SABJAIOTCA B SHATHTeTbHOM cTeneHH B3aHMO3ABHCUMBIMH; OHH TaKxKe CH/IbHO MOABep»KeHBI BHYUIe- HHO, H CCAM HCMOMHHTeAD CYHTaeT, YTO ero MaJbubI He MOryT OBEPHTECA MaMATH C/yXa,—OH HCHBITHIBAeT YYBCTBO HemOsHO- WeHHOCTH, TOPMoO3ssilee OGUlee pasBuTHe. 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Haute yxo cat sByK B aHHbIii MOMeHT; BHYTPCHHHM C/IYXOM MbI I[peACTaB.AeM 3BYK, KOTOpbIi MONKeH 3a HAM MOCMeMOBaTb, H ECMH DOBEpHTbCA Ma- MSTH, PYKH, TOLWHHAACh MPHBHYKe, HaxOnAT cBOi cobcTBeH- HBIi NYTb. 5. BHYTPEHHHA OPKECTP JIsa tuna naMaTH — MoTopHaa um TakTHbHaa — aKTHYecKH HeOTMeIHMbI Apyr OT Apyra, HO B Mpouecce say4uHBanua Han- SYCTb JOJ2KHbI COTPyAHH4aTb NO Kpaiineit Mepe Tpu THM: c/y- XOBas, TaKTHbHast H MOTOPHas. SpHTebHad MaMATb, OOBI4HO cBi3aHHad ¢ HHMH, THe JONOAHAeT B TOM HIM HHO creneHH 9TOT cBoeoOpasHbit KBapTeT, O6ycTaBMBaIOMIMi spopMupoBaHHe MpHBbivek, HeEOOXOAHMBIX BCAKOMY HCNOJHUTeIO. TlaMaTa vw MpHBbIuKH BMecTe OGpasywT OTpoMHBIit Kanpu3- HbIi OpkecTp, y4aCTHHKH KOTOPOrO, HaXO{ACb B TaiHOM H TOH- KOM col0se, CHOCOOHBI B TO Ke BPEMA BHIKUALIBATS HeOXKHTAaH- uble doxychi. Bocnutane u TpeumposKy 3Toro opKecTpa nomKeH B3ATb Ha ceOA TpeOoBatenbublit AupHxep — PasyM, Tak Kak AIA PelleHHA CIOXAKHBIX 3afay HEOOXOAMMbI riyGoKoe 3HaHHe ela # cTporas qucuHNINHa. MoropHas maMaTb c TpyfOM nog_maeTCA BIaCTH DHpHxKepa. Ho eue ctpaumiee—paccenunocts, Ona 8 cocToaHuH cOuTS ¢ TomKy Becb opKectp. Ho Tak Kak MpHBBIUKH He TepnaT rpy6oro HaCHAHA, TO AMPWKEp AOWKEH MPOABAATh MaKCHMYM TepmleHus, UTOOLI peNeTHUMH NPOXOAHIH Cc HaH6olbWeH Mo1b30l. C apyroi cToponbl, Kora MaMATb MOosorpeBaetca HHTepe- COM, OT3KIBUHBEIe MPHBBINKH OYeHb GOLICTpO YcBaHBaloT CBO pou. Xopoulo HaTpeHupoBaHHble, on Ge3synpeyHo HCHOAHAIOT OpKecTpoBble MapTHH, eCIH TOMbKO Pa3syM He KanMTy.MpyerT nepeg neyatbHo 3HaMeHHTLIM BowHennem. Taasa IV. KHHFA COBCTBEHHOLO ONBITA Tichxonorua He sBaseTch MoHOMOnHe cnelMaducta; KaxkKAblii H3 Hac O62aqaeT pasyMoM — HaHGoree HaqexKHEIM Mpo- BOAHHKOM No cTpaHulam «Kuuru coG6cTBeHHoro ombita». K co- *KaNennwo, MHOrHe CTPaHHibl STO KHHTH HaMHcaHbl sA3bIKOM, noKa He NOAgawUHMcA TOMKOBaHHIO. VM sce Ke, 4HTad MexKLYy CTPOK, Mbl MOXKEM KOe-YTO Y3HaTb O paGoTe Halle NcHxXHKH, 2b‘He nocTurHyB, pa3syMeeTca, COKpoBeHHod npupoz aywu. UH tak Ke, Kak JIYYMIAM yaHTeNeM NeBlla ABAIOTCA ero COGCTBeHHBIe (pu- SUMeCKHe OLLYULCHHA, TAK HW KaKAOMY My3bIKaHTY aHasH3 a1HU- HOrO OMbiTa MpuHeceT Gombe NoOAb3bI, YeM H3yYeHHe TeopuH.!? Mbt oTkKpbiBaem KHUry Halllero onbita Ha TviaBe MepBoit — «O cHax»—raape Takoit 3anytTanHof H ciloxKHOI, uTO Bceit XKW3HH HE XBATHIO Obl WIA ee HByYeHHA. OnHaKO yxKe Ha Mep- BOH CTpaHHue MO%XHO HalTH MHOrO HHTepecnoro o paOoTe Ha- wei mamatu. Cub MoryT 6bITb BeMYeCTBEHHBIMH HH 3a0aBHBIMH, OHakKO € TOYKH 3peHHaA OOApCTByIOUlero CO3HaHUA OHM peAKO ObIBaIoT pa3yMHbI. OuesuqHo, Kora MbI 3aCbIlaeM, KOHTPOAb 3a MCHXH- *Kolt MepemaeTca jpyrofi YacTH Hallero cyulecTBa, KOTOpyIo 3a ‘OTCYTCTBHeEM JIyYUlero Ha3BaHHa MbI HMeHYeM MO/cosHaHHeM. Takum 06pa30M, MbI BAJHM, 4TO Hallla MCHXHKa B COOTBeETCTBHH ¢ o6cronTeabcrBaMm paOoraet B pasmHuHbIx cipepax NO-pa3sHOMy. Bo cHe MbI BApyr BHAUM YeNOBeKa, 0 KOTOPOM jaBHbIM-.aBHO 3aObWIH, HO KOTOPbIii ABHICA HaM, 3HaKOMbBIii 40 MesDYaiMHXx YepTOYeK, TOBOPAULH XOpOWo 3HaKOMbIM roslocoM. Kak mocMest ‘Obl MY3bIKaHT, MpOOYAHBUIHCh mMocate Takoro CHa, CKa3aTb: «Y Mena ver namaT#?» Jlaxke nopepxuoctHoe way¥enHe cHOB CBHeTeIbCTBYeT OO YAHBUTEbHOH WenkocTH namatH. Hexorto- pble MCHXOJOTH CKJOHHbI yTBep%{aTb, YTO MaMATh COXpaHAeT Karkoe NoAyyeHHoe HaMH BeyaTaeHHe. Tlogcosnanue, Tak 2Ke Kak H CO3HaHHe, ABAeTCA TIO CBOeEMY xapaktepy TBopueckHM. Mit y3Haem yeoBeKa Hallux cHOBH- genni B MejbYaiilIMx NOApOGHOCTAX, OfHaKO OH cCOBepulaeT NOCTYNKH, KOTOPbIX Mbl HHKOPa He HaGIOZaIH 3a HUM B XKH3HH, TOBOPHT BELL, KOTOPbIX MbI HHKOFa OT Hero He CJbIlaH: 9TO NOACOsHaHHe 3a6aBNACTCA, KOMOHHUpYA PaspO3sHeHHble OOPHIBKH uneli B HOBIE (aHTacTHYecKHe (OPMbI H MbI HHKakK He MoxKeM mpeayragatTb ero HaMepeHua nu peakuuH. Mxorga ono passue- KaeTCA «OCTpOTaMH», He COJepKallMMH Cc TOYKH 3peHHA Gomp- -cTBYIOWerO COSHAHHA HH TpaHa OCcTpoyMua; HHOrga Ha Hero HHCXOMHT TBOPYECKOe BAOXHOBEHHE, aeKO BbIXOAAUIee 3a Mpe- ANB! BOSMOXKHOTO. Cnauuit yeroBeK, MCHXHKa KOTOporo ynpaBaAeTca nosco- 3HaHHeM, MOXKET HCMbITHIBATh COBEpPIIeHHO HeeNble IA Gomp- eTByiollero sMouHH. TlogcosHaHve, HrHOpHpya Bce YeJOBe4e- CKHE BOSMOXKHOCTH H (PU3HYeCKHe 3aKOHbI, B TOM YHCIe H 3aKOH TATOTEHUA, MOXKET 3ACTABHTb Bac BO cHe Maphith Hag semteii; 4uYBCTBO MepBI, BKJIOYaA YYBCTBO BpeMeHH, COBepuIeHHO BaM H3MeHACT H B MOJMMHYTe Mopoi MOxeT BMeCTHTDCA OMIT We- sloro Mecata. Mor Haligjem B KHHre cHOB Muoro pa3HOOOpasHbIx nepcona- 2keli, yMpaBAAIOWMX HalHMH NOACOsHaTeAbHLIMH JelicTBHAMH,— 22He TOMbKO aHreta, AeMOHa H WyTa, HO TakxKe H BOMeOHHKa, cnoco6Horo B COOTBETCTBYIOWIeEM HaCTpOeHHH pelIHTh NouTH mo6yio npobsemy. TlogcosHateibHan fesiTeibHOCTh HHKOTa He MpekpalilaeTcs. Houbw, 10, akKKOMMaHeMeHT HempepbiBHbIX CHOB, cepAe LO2KHO OuTbCA Tak %Ke, KaK AHEM, JerkHe — fbilaTb, TKAaHH — BoccTa- napsmpatbes. Mut cuHTaeM MHOroe, B TOM YHCe 3L0poBbe, cnO- COOHOCTh ABHFaTbcA, TOBOPHTb, CaMo cOOOi pa3syMeloMuMcA H NpHEUMaem 9370 Kak jOuKHOe. MH xoTA GIN3KOe 3HaKOMCTBO ¢ ABJICHHAMH UMeeT TEHACHUMIO JMUATh Hac BO3MOXKHOCTH y/AUB- ‘aaTbca, JaBaiite Bce Xe, Kak CO3HATe/bUbIe HCCMeMOBATeNH, 3a- AyMaeMca Had YYOM XKUBOH NaMATH, yNpaBsmiouei MHOrHMH qyskunamn venoneseckoro opranusma. Bexb mamats, a Bosce ne 6Om3Hb ee MOTepsTS, ava Ham oT poxksenua. MoxHo at COMHeBATbCH B COBepllieHcTBe ee paborEi!? Ogun TObKO akT peyH— sABJeHHe PusHOJOrHYeCKH 3HAa4H- TeIbHO OOJlee CNOKHOe, YEM HPpa Ha MY3bIKaJIbHOM HHCTpy- MeHTe, H CAH yx MY3bIKaHT MO%XKET MOBTOPHTh CAOBeCHYIO (ppasy m0 NaMATH, TO BCNOMHHTh My3biKalbHyO Ppasy NOmKHO- ObITh CpaBHHTebHO Mpocto."! UchosHexve My3biKalbHOro MpOHu3BeqeHHA, Tak 2%Ke Kak H peub — npno6perenmpie HaBbIKH, a He ecTecTBeHHO copepmlaembie ReiicTBua (nOq06HO GHeHHIO cepaua). STHMH HaBbIKaMM HYKHO cO3HaTeIbHO OBazeTb. [La Toro, YTOGbI HayYHTbCA rOBOPHTb, HH MHMCaTb, WIM Hpatb raMMy, Tpe6yeTca ycuaue, H ycuaue TeM MeHbillee, yem Gowbille TpeHupyelibca, B KoNWe KOHYOB, nocie ocTaTouHoro KOMMYeCTBa ypaxKHeHHit MOXHO BbINOW- HATS 9TH JelicTBHA «He AyMaa». Hcnoanenne KOHYepTHOH mpo- TPaMMbI HaH3yCTb KaxkeTCH HeMOCBALeHHOMY CJyMIATesIO YY OM, B TO BpeMA Kak OMbITHDIi COMHCT CYHTaeT 9TO cOBepLIeHHO ectecTBenHbimM. Korga yipaBjenve ABHXKeHHAMH fepexOAuT K «pasyMY NpHBbIYKH> — NOACO3HAaHMIO, 9TH ABMAKEHUA, He yTpa- unBaa cBoeli MepBoHayasbHOl cAO>KHO CTPYKTYpbI, CranoBATCA ecTecTBeHHBIMH H JierkuMH, CosHaTeabHoe BHHMaHHe B Kar split AaHHblii MOMEHT MOXKeT YACNATHCA TOJIbKO OLHOMy npeAmety, MOACO3sHaHHe Ke OAHOBPeMeHHO ynpaBaAReT GecuHcCeHHbIM KO- simyectBom onepauuii. Ecam 6vt He 3T0 nopasHteabHoe cBolicTBO- HOACosHanuA, NpuOOpetaemble HABLIKH GbLIH OBI CTPALIHO Orpa- HuYeHbI Kak 10 OGbeMYy, Tak H MO cBOeMy XapakTepy. PesyibTaTOM BCAKOrO OOYYeHHA ABIAeTCAH (opMHpoBaHHe NIpHBbI¥eK, WeTecoOOpasHbix HH HeWeTecooOpasHbIX, HO Haya- OM 3Toro Mpouecca ynpaBaaeT cosHaHHe., OTGop maTepHawa, opmuposanve HaBbIKOB, aHasH3 CheaHHOf pa6oTL—Bcé sTo BXOAUT B Safayy Pa3syMa, H MY3bIKaHT, NpescTaBAAIoMNi cebe BNEYATAUTEMBHOCTH NAMATH H €@ MPUPOAHYIO UeNKOCTD, ROMKEH OTHECTHCh K STOH 3aaye Cepbe3HO H OTBETCTBEHHO, 23Vcxoga u3 cyry6o npakruyeckux coo6paxkenuit, Mbt or- paHu4uMcn yMpouleHHEIM mpescTaBleHueM © AByX cTOpoHax natlero cyllecTBa— co3HaHHH H MogcosHaHH. OHaKo, oT- Japan ce6e oTuer B GecKOHeYHO cOxKHOCTH Obuei mpo- GaeMbl, MYSBIKAHT OUDKeH TepnesHBO HayYaTh MeTOAB paboTHl, MILITAACh, HACKOMbKO NMO3BONAT eFO CHIE, NOCTHYb r1y6oKy!o taiiny namatu. Taasa V. COSHAHHE HW MOACO3HAHHE Yonex B MY3bIKe HeBOSMOXKHEL Ges AocTaTOMHO! HII BOIH, HO axe HaHOombllee BOMeBOe HanpAxKeHve Nped- cTaBsIneT COGOi Ckopee YMCTBeHHOe, HexKeH KakOe-1H60 BHELI- Hee ycunve. KoneuHo, B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT cTeMeHH MOATOTOBKH 970 HaNpaxKeHHe MOXKeT GbITh GOubUe WIM MeHbUIe, HM BCe Ke ‘Oa TONbKO pelIMMOCTb, HaxKe caMad M[aMeHHas, euje He oGecneunpaer ycnexa. HspectHo, HanpHMep, 4TO Kora MBI O4eHB cTapaeMcaA 3aCHYTb — COH K HaM He MpHXOAMT; eCAM Mbt MpH- Jlaraem Oco6ble YcHANA K TOMY, YTOOLI He BOAHOBaTECA — nomTy- waeTCA TOKO XyxKe. B mcuxom0ruH H3BecTeH HHTepecHblii 3aKOH, KOTOPbIii Ha3bl- BaloT «3aKOHOM OOpaTHOrO ycu1HA». Bot 4TO roBOpHT Mo aTOMy nopony Baiigoyun: «Ecau xTo-1u60 HaXOQUTCA B COCTOAHHH, ONHCHIBaeMOM C10BaMH: «A Obi XOTeM, Ma He MOry>,—OH MOET XOTETb CKOAbKO EMY YTOMHO, OLHAKO, YeM GoubUe OH CTapaeTca, TeM MeHbule emy yaaetcs>.|? 1. BMEUIATEJIBCTBO CO3HAHHSL Ecau na2ke mpoTuposuyulenve H He Tak aKTHBHO, KaK B cary- uae «), ona TONbKO CO3HATE/bHAA MBICIb MOXKET OKASATECA CepbesHBIM MIpe- NATCTBHEM TOACOsHATEIbHOMY elicTBHIO; ECAH MBI COsHATENBHO cTapaeMca HrpaTb MpaBHubHO, KOrfa HrpaeM Mo MaMATH,— MbI mpocto mpeycneem B aemanun OdsbUIero KoaMYecTBa OMIH6OK, uem o6bIuHO. Bo Bcex cayuaax, Korga JelicrBHe 6aroqapa MHO- TOKPaTHbIM NMOBTOPeHHAM CTaO MpHBbIMHEIM, calenyeT u36eraTb AKTHBHOTO BMellaTeIbCTBAa CO3HaHHA. MyxX4HHa 3aBAa3bIBaeT rasCTyK CTO/b YaCTO, YTO NpeKpacHo MOHET 9TO JeTaTb MaLIMHAMbHO; HO eCIH TO HeOcTOpoxKHocTA ‘OH 3amyMaeTCA Ha TeM, KaK 9TO jenaeTcH,— yser NonywuTcr nloxo# H Bce HyKHO G6yfeT HayHHaTb CHaYata. Beixona Ha SCTpaky, OPaTOp CTPeMHTCA BLITIAReTh BNOMHE pecnekTaGenbHO, OnHaKO, yie@lAa STOMY YpesMepHoe BHUMaHHe, MmeT HeecTe- aSerpenno, cKOBaHHO, OnbiTHaa MallIMHMCTKa, CIMUIKOM cTapalo- mach H36@KaTb OUIHGOOK, OOs3aTeMbHO ceaeT HX HeOObIYHO muoro. Bps 1H 3eCb HeOOXOAMMbI elle MpHMepbI TOTO, 4YTO MOXKHO Ha3BaTb Mbl MOxKeM HaliTH ux focTaTOuHo. Mrak, ecau My- SbIKaHT, HIpaa Mbecy, MYMaeT O TeXHHYCCKOM CTOPOHe BMeCTO TOrO, YTOOLI OTZaBaTb BCe CBOe BHHMAHKe CaMOli My3bike,— vicnoaHeHHe GyleT yxKacnbIM Waxke H B TeX ClyYanXx, Kora me- Ped HUM CTOsT HOTbI; MpH OTCYTCTBHH Xe HOT BMelaTe/bCTBO COSHAHHA MOXET BbISBATb NOMHBI MpOBat MaMATH. Takoro poxa ABeHUA He OOABaTembHO O6ycTOBTEHD! GoAsHbIO (Kak B cay¥ae O6patHoro ycuaHA); OHH MOrYT GbITH MOpOXKAeHDI aeMeHTapHBIM He3HaHHeM ocHoB mcHxomoruu. HeKoTopsim s110- QAM MpOCTO HHKOrqa He MPHXO“HT B TOTOBY, 4TO, MOCKOABKY XKH3Hb COCTOHT B 3HAYHTEIbHOi CTeMeHH 3 YMCTBEHHLIX H bu- SHYECKHX MPHBLIMeK,— O%KHA CYULECTBOBATh KaKasl-TO YaCTb Hallero «fl», OTBETCTBeHHad 3a 9TH MpHBbUKH. JLaxke onbiTHbIe MYSbIKaHTEI, He HMeloulHe HH Mavieiiero MpexcTaBeHHA 0 BO3- MOXKHOCTAX NOACOSHAHHA, HHOFa CYHTAIOT CO3HAHHe MOMHOCTHIO OTBETCTBEHHBIM 3a BCe HX MoBemeHHe Ha 9cTpase. 2. MACCHBHOE BHAMAHHE Caeayer seerqa nomHuTs, uTo oT6op, BocnuTaHHe npuBEI- eK, a B Cy¥ae HaMOGHOCTH TakKxKe HCMpaBsleHHe HX ABAAIOTCA gaqaueli pasyMa MysbIKaHTa, HO Ha 9CTpaje MpHBLIYKaM’ HeOO- XOAHMO MpesocTaBHTh cBoGoxy AelicTBui—3yecb KOHTpOnb co- 3HaHHA GyzeT yxKe H3IHUIHHM. Co3HaTeIbHoe cTapatie HeH3- 6eXHO BEISLIBACT HaMpw2KeHHOCTh, a MeXaHH3M MaMATH (HAH TMpHNOMHHaHHA) MOKeT paOoTaTh Ge3synpewHo TOMbKO Torga, Kora MaMsiTh CcBOGOAHa OT BCAKOH cKOBaHHOcTH., BHuMaHuio B 9TOM CiyYae JOWKHA OTBOAHTECA, TAK CKa3aTb, «MaccHBHan> pomp. PasyM, KOTOpBIM cNpaBeJNHBO TOPAHTCA YeNOBeK, ABIAETCH AHWb HEOONbUWOM YacTbIO ero HHAMBHLYasbHOCTH; Hapady c HUM. cyulecTByeT Goslee ApeBHee H BCeOObEMMOLee MOCOsHAaHHe, KO- TOPOMY H HY2KHO AaTb cBoGory AelicTBuit. 3. TECHBIA COIO3 OnpitHaa MallIlHHHcTKa HH BASaTbULMa pa6oTaiwT Ha- CTOAbKO MOACOsHaTeMbHO, YTO HX BHHMAHHe MOxKeT cBOGOLHO PasBleKaTbcA COBeplieHHO MOCTOPOHHHMH MbIcimu. Hexoto- Pble BHAbL MAUIHHOMMCHBIX HJIH BASAIbHEIX pa6oT coBceM He Tpe6yioT BHHMaHHA, H TO OOCTOATeMBCTBO, YTO MbICIb B STHX 5caly¥aAx 3aHATa YeM-TO COBepleHHO NOCTOPOHHUM, NO cyuLecTBy nomoraet paOote pyk, NOsBONA MOACOsHaTeIbHLIM MpHBLMKaM neficrsopaTs 6e3 nomex. [[papaa, urpa Ha MYS3bIKa1bHOM HH- CTpyMeHTe B 3HAYHTeNbHOM CTeMeHH OTIHYaeTCH OT paOoTbI Ha MALIHHKe, H XOTA JBWKEHHA MY3bIKaHTa-HCNOMHHTeIA TaKxKe AOWKHLI CTATh ABTOMATHYECKHMH B TOM CMBICNe, YTO O HUX He HYKHO AYMaTb, HX He/b3A MpeBpalllaTs B 4YUCTO «MexaHHye- ‘ckHe», Co3HaHve He JO/JDKHO MellaTb pa6oTe NMoxcosHaHus, of- HaKO B MY3bIKaJIbHOM HCHOJHEHHH 3TH ABe CTOpOHbI Haltero «A> HE MOFYT JeHCTBOBaTb He3aBHCHMO Apyr OT Apyra: HM npeA- Ha3HaveHO HCKYCHO COTpyAHHYATD. 4. 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Spesbii apTucT, Ha- o6opoT, HrpaeT yBepeHHO: 4yBCTBa MOACKa3bIBAalOT eMy eAHH- CTBEHHO MpaBHbHOe AWA HeTO HCMOMHeHHe H BHYTpeHHAA y6exk- J@HHOCTb BbIpaxKaeTcA B Kak LO HOTe. TIpo61embl HHTepnpeTauMH MyY3IKH HM ped BO MHOTOM CXOMHBI MO GecKoHeYHOMy pasHooOpa3mio cpemcTs BbIparkenus, BKO4ad TeMN, HHTOHaNHIO, TemMOp. Jlaa OpaTopa, OfHaKo, He Tpe6yeTca 3HaKOB BbIpa3sHTebHOCTH: MpoO4TeHHe cjioBa AHK- TyeTea ero cmbiciom. Xopoulnii akTep He BbIYYHBaeT CBOIO posi cHaYala GeccmbicleHHO C TeM, YTOOLI NOTOM, Mosymas, npHOa- BHTb Koe-rge skcnpeccnH. Ho HMeHHO Tak MHOrHe y4auineca pasyynBaloT cBou NpousBeqenuA. Onn yAensior BTopoctenen- HBIM MOMeHTaM, Bpoze alminKaTypbl, 3HayuTenbHO Oonbue BHHMAHHA, YeM CYUECTBEHHBIM, ONPexeTAIOUHM B KOHEYHOM cueTe Bce OCTaIbHOe, BKOVaA H MpaBHJbHyO annauKatypy. K TakHM cyllecTBeHHbIM MOMeHTaM B TlepBylo Ovepesb OTHO- cutca (pasiposKa. 2, MYSBIKAJIBHAS| MbICIb Beskuit apTucr omen MbicteHHO mpegcTaBuTb ceGe mpons- Beene, npexkle 4YeM MpHAaTb eMy BHEWIHIOIO dopmy. Tak %*e Kak XyOXKHHK BHAT CBOe TBOpeHHe YMCTBEHHLIM B30POM LO Toro, KaK OH BOMMOTHA ero Ha MOMOTHE, Tak H My3bIKaHT AOJ- XK€H CO3aTb AA ceOa TBOPYECKHi 3aMBICeN MbeCbI, KOTOPy!O OH coGupaetcn ucnounATb. «CabillaTb — He 3Ha¥HT mpocTo CAyUIaTb,— 9TO MOXKHO felaTb H aBTOMaTHYecKH, — roBopHT Marteii. — AktusHoe cayulaHHe npeanoaaraet HenpepbisHoe 33cayuanne srepes».‘® OcobeHHo 3To HeOGxo_HMO naa neBua. Uro6bi npaBiibHO HHTOHMpOBaTb, OH, MpexKse YeM -cleTh HOTY, AOUXKEH B3ITb ee MbiCneHHO. [IuaHucT Ke MoxKeT NogaTEcA HC- KYUIeHHIO, NOAaraaCh HCKMIOYHTeENbHO Ha MYCKYJIbHYIO H OCASa- TEAbHYIO aMSATH, NOMb3OBATbCA CBOHMH MadblaMH TAK, KaK 9TO O6bIYHO ZeNaeT MalIMHHCTKa. Ecau MpHHATb 3a MpaBHw0, YTO MHaHACT AOMKeEH TBOPYeCKH ee B KOH- TeKCT, H B 9TOM ciyyae 3Byky HeH36exKHO GyyeT yaAenaTECH Goble BHUMAHHA, YeM TeXHHKe (cnloco6y novbs0BaHUA Mastb- WaMH H KiaBuwaMmu). Takum O6pasoM, MbICAHTb 3ByKH H Jy MaTb © HOTAX, Ha3bIBAA HX,— BeMM COBepwleHHO pa3.HUHBIe. Tlepspiii cayuali o6ycaapaupaer ucnonHeHHe My3biKatbHOe cBoGognoe; mocieqHHii — HeMy3bIKaIbHyI0 HTpy C BO3MOXKHBIMH, BecbMa YaCTKIMH OCeTKAMH MaMATH, BbISKIBAeMBIMH BMellaTeb- cTBoM cosHaHus. B neppom cayuae, mpaBta, TombKo nepHie- pHiinoe BHHMaHHe GyneT yeTATDCA MpHKOCHOBeHHIO: *eTaeMbIit SBYK MOACKaKeT MHAHHCTY HEOOXOAMMbIe OLyLeHHA. a# HECKOJIbKO CJ1OB OB YBEPEHHOCTH B ysbike, Tak 2Ke KaK B peu, 3BYKH paanu4aloTeA NO cHe Fynapennii, a Hexoropwe H BoBce aBTAIOTcA GeayzapHuiMn, Of- ;HaKO HH OJ\Ha HOTA, Kak ObI OHA HH Oblla KOPOTKa, He MOJKHA “WCNOAHATECA HeOpexkHo, B HMAKeNpMBeseHHEIX cppasax axe ‘TpHAWaTb BTOpble UMeIOT 3HaveHHe TpaMNAMHa AA MocsemyI- mero akuenta. Yuauiuiica 20MKeH MbICAeHHO mpexcTaBHTb cebe ‘9TH bpasbl; 3aTeM CbIrpaTb UX, mponeBad 3ByKH Mpo ce6s, Kak ‘p Mpembiayuiem npuMepe. IBrahms, op. 90. 2 Poco allegretto emma Tanga B HOTEI, OLUH HCMOMHHTeNb MOET MpeAcTaBIATb cebe BBICOTY, HO He JJHTeMbHOCTH, Apyroii—AANTeAbHOCTb, HO He BBICOTY; OMHAKO B 3HAKOMOH My3bIKe KarKAbIi NODKEH yMeTb (nloQ06HO TeM, KTO XOpOUIO 4HTaeT Cc HCTa) lO BUAY HOT Mpez- cTaBAATb ce6e HX BbICOTY, AWIMTebHOCTD H KavecTBO 3ByYaHHA. UrToObl MpoBeputs, nmpexctaBAewlb wH ce6e MY3bIKy, c.1e- AyeT O¥€Hb MeAIEHHO NpOMrpaTb XOPOUWlO 3HAaKOMDI OTPbIBOK; €CAH Tbl MBICI€HHO C/BILIHUIb KaxKylo HOTy (HH aKKOpa) 20 Toro, Kak OHH 3a3By¥aT Ha HHCTpyMeHTe,— 3Ha¥HT THI Ha Mpa- BHJIbHOM nyTH. UnctoTa 3ByyaHHA, NOABAAIOWAACA B pesyAbTaTe MbICeHHOFO NpeACTaBeHHA, OCOGeHHO cyulecTBeHHa «B 9puper; KaxkAbi BLICTYNAIOULHH MO PakHO LOWKEH NOMHUTH, YTO paaHo- clywateseli Heb3A npoBectH Obictpoit urpoii. Hesuzumaa ny6- AWKa Tpe6yetT riaBHbiM O6pa3soM ompeseieHHocTH H CMBICIa. 5. CHET @panuyscknii cyeT Oven’ NOMOXKeT HAYHHaIOUeMy MpH MbIC- J€HHOM pa3MeleHHH 3BYKOB, TaK KaK C KayK/IbIM H3 HHX CO3Ha- TebHO acCouMHpyeTcA MpoHsHocuMbllt cor. «Pa3 H, Ba H, pas» ObiI0 cTapoMOAHOH MONbITKOH co3qaTb MoLOGHOro poga acco- WHaHH, OAHaKO STOT MeTOA He MpelycMaTpHBan coroB AIA Oosee MeNKHX JOuNel TaKTa, KaK, CKaKeM, B BbIllenpHBex_eHHOM HpHMepe, H MOTOMY nMog,OOHble PUTMHYeCKHe PHCYHKH peAKO BOCNPOH3BOAHIHCb CONHCTOM c abcomoTHON ToUHOCTbIO. Ppax- UyScKHii 2Ke CyeT NOMOraeT MpHAaTb KaxKAOMy 3ByKy ero TOU- YW _aauTerbHOcTD. Caenyer acho noHuMaTb, OMHAKO, YTO 0G6O! cueT ABAAeTCA HpocTo NogroTopKoi HaBbika; CBCeBpeMeHHO He OTOpPOUeHHbIil, @H MOXKeT nopasvTh co6cTBeHHyi wWetb. Tak HanpHMep, yue- 35.HUKH, YNOPHO CyNTaloulMe BeTyX BO BpeMA 3aHATHii, Ha 9K3a- MeHe, JMWeHHbIe STO! MpHBLIYHO! NCHXOMOFHYeCKOH MOALep2KH, o6a3aTetbHO pactepsioTes. VapaxkHasich, HYXHO OCMBICHBaTb pasy, cuntan Benyx ecst 9T0 HEOGXOAUMO; 3atem UrpaTh Ges cueTa, MpesocTaBaaa 4yBCTBY BpeMeHH BHYTpeHHe ynpaBiATh ABIvKeHHeM. 6. MY3DIKAJIbHAS PEYD Camo co6oi pasymeetca, uTo npH o4eH GbIeTpoM HCHOAHe- HMM MbllieHHe H jeficTBHe MOYTH COBNagzaloT BO BpeMeHH It HHaHHCT B STHX CYWaAX QOWKEH MbICIHTh sByKH rpynmamit TOg06HO TOMY, Kak ObICTPO MeyaTaloulad MalIMHHCTKa MbICHT Gyken. B sanucanuof pew GyKBE rpynmupyiores B c0Ba, HO, K COMATEHHIO, OObIUHAN HOTHAA 3aNcb, rpytinupyloulad HOTbE B COOTBETCTBHH C TaKTOBbIM J@eHHeM, OCTaBAAeT Ha GyMare MexAY TakTaMH JlaKyHbI Kak pas TaM, re YXO He JOKHO UX caumars, Cpasute oOnyHyio rpynnupoBKy HoT c rpynnupos- Koil B HHDKEMPHBeeHHBIX OTPLIBKAX, B KOTOPLIX HOTS CBAZAHBI Tak, KaK OHH JO.UKHM CBASKIBATECA MBICeHHO— Gea paspbiBa nepea cH.1bHOf Qoaeii. Schumann, op. 7. Aaa ea SS 3 Allegro IScnabin, op 3L. Ne 1. ‘Andante, B 3anicannof peyn caosecnas rpynnuposka s1erKo onpee- ameten Ta30M Onaro_apa sitakaM mpenuianis; B My3bIKe xe BLIACIATh TPYNNbl 3ByKOB MpH3BaHI AyrOOOpasHbie HAMM, Ha- auipaeMble sHakamu qpasuposku. Ho qoptenuanvaa my3viKa uacTo ykpalleta TaKoil dpaaiposKoli, KoTopan He HMeeT HH KakOii CBA3H ¢ MY3bIKaMbHOM nyHKTyaunel. Jer ewe ocr0%*- useTCA TEM, YTO H TaKTOBbIe YepTbI HEpeAKO CTaBATCH He TAM, rae Haqo, TeopeTuyeckn npesnonaraetca, YTO OHH yKa3bIBalOT 3MpHOaMxaloulylocsA CHIbHY!O AOT0, KaK B HiKeNpHBeLeHHO! pase, paspedennol «takToBbiMm vepraMu» cooTBeTCTBeEHHO My- SbIKaIbHOH 3amucH: To|be, or|nof to be;| that is the|question:'® Ho B My3biKe MbI CTOHM Mepeg clexyIoUlelt Mpob.1emoii: ‘Bach. Prelude, Bk. 1, Né 22. 5 Andante a _—_———_—_ B3aecb, Kak MBI BHANM, HenpaBiabHo pasMemenDt TaKTOBLIe YepTHI, YTO OWNGOUHO NOAYepKHBaeT He TY 0.110; HenpaBHsDHO paccTaBileHa TakxKe H JuraTypa, yKa3bIBaloWan AbIXaHHe B Me- cTax, Me HH OAH NeBe He SygeT AbIMATD. DTO Tak xe Gec- CMBICIEHHO, Kak Hatlucath caosa Iexcnupa caesyoutum 06+ pazom: To; be or not,| fo te; that,|is the; question: Yuamtweca yYacTo He NOHHMAaIOT, YTO COGCTBEHHO OHH AOJKHBI BbIPaKaTb: He MYAPeHO MO3TOMY, YTO HeKOTOPbIM GbIBaeT Tak TPyAHO BCnOMHHTb Mysbiky. Ho uto xe BenaTb? Kak oTpesak- THPOBaTb MY3bIKATbHbIi TeKCT, 4YTOGLI NOTOM c npesebHOlt ACHOCTHIO HCHOJHUTS MpoHsBeneHHe? Tlpexgje Bcero Hago mpexcTaBuTh ceGe, TO MaJieHbKaA My- sbiKadbHaa rpynna (sy3biKaqbHoe c0B0) OGbIyHO HauuHaeTca Tepe TakTOBoli yepTOii H Ha MpHMepe peun GOyseT BbIrAAZeTD clelylouluM o6pa3om: To ble, orno|t to be; Cpasuute sto ¢ npumepom 3 u 4 (crp. 36), rae cama rpynnu- POBKa HOT BbIpaxkaeT MoctynaTedbHoe ABUxKeHHeE My3biKH. Yua- LMC OyaeT BecbMa Moe3HO O3HaKOMUTECA ¢ KHHrO Matren «My3bikalbHaa HATepmperamus», B KOTOpO Mo2XHO HaliTH NOA- poOHbIe yKasaHUs, Kak MOOHTDCA PHTMHYECKH MIacTHYHOM urph. TaxtupoBanne (pacnpezetenve caaOvix Hu CH.IbHIX gone) He clelyeT CMeIHBaTh C MY3BIKaJIbHBIM PHTMOM, HempepbiBHoc ABWKeHKe KOTOporO yiloxOGaAeTcA BOTHOOOPAsHbIM ABHXKe- HHAM 3MeH, 377, @PASHPOBKA Buytpu O6uero ABHKEHHA MbI HaXOAMM PA THT Kak 6ovtb- IHX, TAK H MaJbIX, PacTOTOXKEHHe KOTOPLIX ONpenestneTCA ppa- suposkoii. Kone omuoi AUTH Mo2KeT ObiTD Ha4atom Mpyroit; B WHBIX C/y¥anX HX Pacnonox*KeHHe yKa3biBaeT Ha HeOOXOAH- MOCTb oMmpejejeHHOrO My3bIKaIbHOTO AbIXaHHA (CM. IPH Meppi 6 u 2). Chopin. op 66. 6 Allegro. ===. O6osHayeHHble B TeKcTe HH HeOGO3HaYeHHEIe, 9TH AMTH, Of HaKO, CyleCTBYIOT Bera H MYSbIKaJIbHbIe JHOAH HEBOAbHO UyB- cTpyioT ux. Hemysbikaibuplii HcnoaHHTedb mpegctaBaset ce6e PHTM Balbca Tak: 1—2—3, 1—2—3, no My3bIKaJbHbIi YeTOBeK OyneT MbicaNTb ero HHaye: 1—2, 3—1—2. 8. NAMSTb H ®PASHPOBKA Xopouio BEIyYeHHY!O MySEIKY MOxKHO Cc MOMOMIO oTorpa- uyeckoii 2 namata ganicath co Beem noxpo6uocramn. Ho HCnOsHeHHe STOH MY3bIKH— COBCeM pyroe Ae10: OHO TecHeli- WM O6pasOM cBASaHO c BOCHHTaHHeM npuBbyeK. Ecan y yua- IMWHXCA OOpasyeTcA NPHBbIYKa 3aNMHAaTbCA,— MY3bIKa/IbHOe MbILL- sleHHe TaK»Ke CTAHOBHTCA HeyBepeHHbIM. OgHaKko, ecH B G6nICT- pbix naccakax BHHMaHHe GyfeT yAeTATbCA HE CTODKO Kax Oil OTACADHOH HOT, CKOALKO wWeNOi My3bIKaIBHOM rpynne (caor, cioBo, (pasa) —caMan cila6an TeXHMKa 3aMeTHO y.ly4uutca. Orcioa scHo, Kak cymlecTBeHHa ATA BHyYHBAHHA npaBiab- an rpynnuposka Hor. Ipexae Bcero, aerKo yuuTh HeYTO Ta- KOe, YTO BBITALHT KOPOTKHM H YTO 3BYYHT MeNOAHYHO; Aasee, Tak KaK OCHOBOi MaMATH H TeXHHKH ABAAeTCA HenpepLiBHad UeNb MBILIeHHA, TO MOHSTHO, YTO H MaMATb HM TeXHHKa MOryT Noctpamatb, ecaH ynyuleHo KaKoe-To MysbiKasbHoe sBeno. Y uc- HOMHHTeNeH Ha CTPyHHBIX HHCTpyMeHTax pasHpoBKa Gostee my- SbiKaJIbHa, YM Y THaHHcToB. BosMoxKHO, TO ABHKeHHA CMbINKa pachowaraioT K ABIDKEHHIO MY3LIKH, HIM 3ByYK HNCTpyMeHTa Oo- ‘lee HanoOMHHaeT YenoBeyecKHii Tosoc. @usnyecKoe AblXaHHe B MeHHH MpHaeT MpOTAXxKeHHOCTh 3ByKaM H CCH yuallniica- NHaHHCT CAeAyeT 3a TOAOCOM,— OH HHCTHHKTHBHO 4yBCTByeT Ha KaKHX 3BYKaX CielaTb ylapenue, KakHe CrpynnHpoBaT BMecTe Hi rae cenatTe naysy. 38‘Hue IPHBOAATCA HECKOJIbKO OTPbIBKOB, B KOTOPbIX Govlee génkue rpynnsl HaMeyeHbl NYHKTHPHEIMH JHHHsAMH. Koneu aurH, a He JOMKeH HapyllaTh JBWKEHHA, a TaKWKe paspbIBaTb igerato, Kak MIpH OOBINHEIX JHrax. 7 ee Beethoven, op. 27, Ne 2. B comiurenpunix cayyaax pasyM MOxKeT MOMO'Ub c TAKUM KE yenexoM, Kak u Toaoc. B npumepe 11 BTopoi BapHaHT mpegno- NTHTeTbHEe, TAK Kak MPOXOAAUIME HOT BOSBpallawoTca K rap- MOHHYECKHM 3ByKaM. Chopin. op. 66 Allegro! ao pin 0p Bo Bpema ncnoaHeHua BaxKHO, Kak ropoput Mattei, Mbicaut ‘B. Hanpabaennn KyAbMMHaWMH, a He OT Hee, Kak Je/aioT MuO- #Me, BeeneHHBIe B sadTyxKAeHHe BUAOM MY3bIKaNbHOH 3anucH. 39Cpapuute npumepnl, npuBenennble nwKe, roe neperpynnuposKka HOT (BO BTOpoM cayyae) cTHMyspyeT aBMKeHUe, (Cpyntbt Me- AOAMYECKHX SBYKOB YKa3aHbi MYHKTHPHbIMH JIMHHAMH). 2 Bach. Prelude, Bk. 2, Ne 15, Allegro vivace ™B. Hu ofa 3 nyHKTHpHBIX aMHHi B 9TOH KHMre He AOIKHA MPUHUMATECA GesoroBopoyHO: HCHOAHHTeENH YYBCTBYIOT pasy no-pasnomy. CyulecrBenHo, ofHako, 4TO BHYTpH AAMHTIIDIX JHHHH SBYKH QO2KHbI MBICeHHO rpynnupoBaTeca B Goslee KO- POTKHe MY3bIKaJbHBIe H PHTMHYeCKHe dpasbl. 9. ABOHCTBEHHOCTb BHHMAHHA Her ayumero pykopoaurera B uickycerse ibpasupopKn, vem co6crreautit rooc, Ho ecam HempepsiBHo meth Bo BpeMA 3a- HATH, TO NpHBDIKHEMb H HaYHeML eT Ha nyOHKe, a 3TO Pasapaxaet mo6ylo ayluTopuio. Kpome toro, Bo Bpema neHHa HcnoHHTeNb OyAeT CAMUIKOM OTaBaTbCA UYBCTBY; ero BHUMa- HHe CTaeT Menee OecnpuctpacTHbIM, MeHee KPHTH¥eCKHM, YeM Korda OHO COCpeNOTOYEHO HCKIOYHTebHO Ha UCHOAHAeMO My- spike. Tlenvem Bc1yx MHCTpyMeHTanucTy cezyer nomb30BaTECA TONbKO Kak SBYYAaLHM 9TAOHOM (ppa3sHpOBKH H, Kak MpaBHt0, OHO MON%KHO cKopee MpedlectBOBaTD urpe, HexKeTH aKKOMNAHI- popats ei. Kak yxke ykaabiBanocb, MY3bIKaIbHOe BHHMaHHe gBolicTBeHHO lo cBoeMy XapakTepy: MbI IpHcAyWHBaeMcA K TOMY, YTO ZeTaeM B aunbiii MOMeHT HB TO 2Ke caMoe BpeMA AyMaeM Bneped, Tak Kak TBOpYecKH (POpMHpyeM 3BYK Ao Toro, Kak ero 6epem. Xo- Poult AHpWKep—He TosKO akTep, HO K TOMy xe H NpOpoK. YnpaBaaa sByyawlell My3bIKOH, OH MOcpesCTBOM CBONX ABHKEHIiT H Pla3 TROPHT AA OpKecTpa opMy H HacTpoeHHe npHOAH«KaIo- meiicn ppasbi.I Taasa VII. MPOWECC CTAHOBJIEHHA OBPA3OB Muorue cryzeutbt cnpauusaior: «Korga Mue npucry- MUTb K 3anoMuHanuio?» Ha 370 ecTb TOMbKO OfHH oTseT: «Korga B clelyiounii pas cAzeub 3a unctpyment». Jlaxe saHnmancb Ges 1yMHO, MbI 3aOMHHaeM,— Beb pH 9TOM TpeHHpylorcA Bpen- ube MpPHBBIYKH. Yuaulemyca c «mioxoli» NaMATbIO CJlexyeT Mperxze Bcero yco- BepllencTBoBaTb cBoi MeToq pa6oTb. Or KatecTBa saHsTHit B 3HaYHTebHO CTeNeHH 3aBHCHT HM MOBeMeHHe MaMATH. *Pa6ota Ha Mbecoi cBOANTCA K TpeM npoweccam: 1, Tpenmposka pasmuunwix tHnos namsTu (peructpauan Bne- uataenni). 2. Tpenuposka mpuBeiuek (accounaluu). 3. Tpexuposka ucnouHHTeIbCKHX HaBbIKOB (MpHnomunanue). 1. MBICEHHAS ®OTOFPAGHS Uro mbt sanommuaem? To, uo sameyaem. Uo Mbt samevaem? To, 40 npwBaeKaet Hame BHHManue. Tlogcosnanue dbuKcapyet BievataeHHa H 6e3 yuACTHA BUAMANHA, HO ITOGH MpousBoabHO BCHOMHHAT BOCIeACTBHH STH BNeYATACHHA, Mbl JOMKHbI pa- 3YMHO yipaBaaTb OpMHPOBaHHeM OGpa3s0B B HallieM COSHAHHH. Kak oryeriuso Mb moMHAM NepBLiit ypok MY3bIKH, nepBBIli 9K3aMeH, MepBbii myOun4nbiii Konept! AcHocTb STHX KapTHH 8 Hamel «KHure onbira» y6eAHTeTbHO - MOKa3bIBaeT OTPOMHYIO BaXKHOCT Bex nepBLIX BrevaTennii 2, Muorne cryAeHTbt npo- MATPHBalOT HOBYIO Mbecy «Mpocro Tak», YTOOLI MpegcTaBuTb BoOOlle, «Kak 9TO BHITALHT>; OHH He OTAaloT ce6e oTYeTa B TOM, “TO CIM NepBoe NpouTeHHe HeMmpaBHibHO,— mbeca MO*KeT ObITD Sary6nena HaBcerga. Moicanumii xe cTyfeHT mpeano4ter Boc- Nombsopatbca conetom «Tulle enelb—Aanbie Gyzeutb», On SHaeT, YTO eCH MepBoOe BNeYaTJeHHe ACHO, TOUHO H MY3bIKaJb- #0 — sHauntenbHan YacTb padoTb! yxKe caenana. JLan nogcosna- TeAbHOH NamaTH HeT HHYerO HecyulecTBeHHoro. Karan Hempa- eBHIbHO B3ATAA HOTA, KaxKNaA OWHOKA B NpOUTeHHH, KaxKLat Sanunka peructpupytorca,— caa60, ec BHHMAaHHe paccesHito, 4HO Bce Xe peructpupywrca. Ilostomy cTygeHT AOAKeH AYMATb © TOM, ¥TO OH JeNaeT H AYMATb OYeHb COCpeAOTOYHHO 40 TeX Nop, oka He HaTpeHupoBalbl HeOOXOAUMBIC MPHBBIIKK. Zlupwxep wa nepsof peneruunn He pasqaeT cBOHM OpKe- cTpaiTaM HOBble NapTHH, He MpoxyMaB npexBapHTeAbHO BCIO naptutypy. He 3Haa My3bIkH, OH He HMeeT MpaBa PYKOBOANTb opkecrpoM. Touno Tak 3Ke, MpexkLe YeM ArpaTb Mecy WeAUKOM, YYeHHK OuDKeH MHOroe MposcHuTb B Heil. Hotnaa sanucp AB- AACTCA AMI KOHTYPOM MYSbIKaJIbHOH KapTHHbl; HaCTpoeHHe Ha- NOAHHT ee BHYTPeHHHM cofepxKannem. CareayeT BYepHe npony- MaTb ONDINE JHMM H HaMeTHTD Goree MemKHe (cppaabi), Toca Yero MOXKHO yxKe LOOaBIATe H AeTaaH. PaGoTaa Haq HOBbIM NpousBexenneM, Kaxk Abii XOPOUMit ANpH2xKep Ha NepBolt penetu- UHH yerAeT OcoGeHHO MHOrO BpemeHH pasnpoBKe. TaKxKe Aor- eH MOCTYNATb HW HCHOMHUTEAb, YBASLIBA Ha NepBbIX 3aHATHAX almWvinkatypy c ®pasHpoBKoii — Beab NpHBLUKH, NoZ06HO Ma- MATH, UeNKO yiepxXHBaloT NepBoe Brevatienne, Kaxybiit 3Haer, Kak TpyHO NepeyynBaTb 3ayyenHyio annauKatypy! Mycrs maxe HoBas annaukatypa ayuue mpexnel — crappie NPUBLIUKH MOrYT BepHYTbCA, ECM OCMaGeeT KOHTPOAb CO3HAHHA. Oco6eHHo Mo6poconectHolt paGoTH TpeGyloT camocTosATetb- ible 3aHATHA MPH OcBOeHHH HOBOrO NponsBexenua. Pas6upas efO, Mbl 1OJDKHbI OrpaHH4HBaTb CeOA MaTepHaJiOM, KOTOpHIit HaM HeOOXOLHMO BbIYYNTh B LaHHbiii MOMeHT H OTK1abIBaTb HCNON- ueHue Bell MLecHI Ao Tex Mop, MoOKa He BLIpabotaloTca ycTo UHBbIe MpHBHIUKH. HMeHHO nOTOMY, YTO Mbeca HOBaA, a KO BCeMy HOBOMY MbI MIpOAB/IAeM NOBbIWeHHbI HHTepec i BHHMaHHe, Ja- BaliTe «BbbKMeM» MaKCHMYM H3 TOrO, 4TO aeT HOBM3Ha M18 3ayYMBaHHA BCerO H BCA, BKsOVAA H MY3bIKY. T'aapa IX. TREHHPOBKA MPHBBINEK Muorue MysbixanTbt 2anyloren Ha orcyTcTBHe naMATiL Ha TOM JIMIb OCHOBaHHH, YTO, NOTPaTHB MHOrO BpeMeHH Ha 3a- yaupawne OTppiBka, oN Ha caeayioumii jen» Ne MoryT ero Benomnnty. Uem apye Brevattenve — tem onacnoct sa6viBa- nua menbuie. Ho HagexkHOoe BbIYYHBaHHe HaH3YCTb MY3bIKaJbHOIt TibeCbl — OYCHb CIORHOE AeO, KOTOPOe Cc HEOGXOAHMOCTbIO Tpe- yer spemenu. Haveptutb no maMAaTH 3amyTaHHyto Kapty c of- HOTO B3MVIAa HEBOSMOXHO; AA TOTO, YTOOLI yAepraTb ee B Ma- MATH, NepBoe BHevaTAeHHe Hy%HO MOAKPeNHTb MHOTO pas, y2e- JI C KaXKAbIM pa30M Bce GOmbUIee BHHMAaHHE JeTaqAM. Kaxkanii. yyauniica, npuctynaa K pa3yYHBaHHio Mbecbl, AO.1- 2KeH MPOMBAATh MaKCHMyM Tepnenus. Hu oAHO BHeNateHHe He 42mpotladaet, Karkqoe moctemyioulee 3akpenaner mM pacumpser npeabiiyiwee, HM 3ayuHBaHHe HeT c yBerMUHBalolllelica CKO- POCTIO, ECAH TOKO NOBTOPeHHA MpaBHsHHO pacmpeemeHb! BO Bpemenu. Ho mostopeiua, XOTA OHH MH HEOOXOAMMbI, He MOryT 3aMCHHTb CO3HATeIbHOM MbICIH, H B HeOOWeHKe STOFO OGcTOH- TeabeTBa ——raapyan owMOKa yuamuxer?', [na garomunanna KapTbI HEAOCTATOYHO MpocTo MHOrO pas MOCMOTpeTh Ha He ‘UTOOL! OVePTAaHHA COXPaHHIHCb B MaMsITH BO BCeX jeTaJIAX, cue- ayeT AYMaTb O HHX, CONOocTaBAA OHY NOApOGHOCTh c Apyroit. Tipu scem cBoem cxoneTBe pekH BLITWAAT Ha KapTe no-pasiomy, H CpaBHenne JeTatel noMoxeT HaM yJep2KaTb B MaMsITH 3all) TAHHYyIO KapTUny. JTor choco avasusa u YeranoBseHnuA cosHa- T@IbHBIX ACCOMMALHIT ABAAETCA TakxKe @AHHCTBEHHO HasexKHbIM AIA 3anoMHHaHHA My3bIkKH. Bot Ba OTpbIBKa, KOTOpbIe HayH- HAlOTCA OJMHAKOBO, HO KOHYaIOTCA MO-pasHOMY; BOT (ppa3a, KOH- yalolasica Ha JOMHHaHTe B MpOTHBONOAOXRKHOCTH Apyroli, KOH- yaioulelica Ha TOHHKe. TombKO TO, 4TO OTMeyeHO CosHaTeNbHO, MOXKHO MPHMOMHHTb BMOcTeLcTBUN MO coGcTBeHHOM Bore. ToABKO TO, H HHYero Gostbie! 1, SAHATHA Korga B aaMsTH HMeeTCH yake OCTATOYHO sAcHOe MpesctaB- sleHHe O MY3bIKe, MOX%KHO MpHCTyNaTs K TpeHHpoBKe NpUBbIUeK. Ho Kakux? Jaa poiGopa nperoctanasetca orpomuoe KoANeCTBO. Ciofa %e Haqo OTHECTH H 9MONHH, KOTOPLie MoryT COKPyUINTD H MOJaBUTb Bech OPKECTP, ECM HX_Ne Cep»KUBaTb paccyaKoM Bor to no stomy nosoay nuuer Taazepesckuit: «Mune nonago- GuAOCh NOWKUSHH, YTOGHI NOHATH, YTO ecTb ABa cnocoba ucHoOAb- 30BaNHA Hoprenuano: osuH — urpatb, Apyroli — padoratb. Ect BbI MO/Ib3YeTeCb TOKO OAHHM, Bbl HHKOPa H HMYerO He j0- crurnete... B 2060M HCKYCCTBE MOXHO OMbAHETS OT cobcTBEH- HBbIX IMOQHH, YBbl, MHOrHe 3p TpaTAT TaKHM OOpa30M BpeMa, He JlOcTHTad HUKaKOrO pesy.bTata» ”, Bepto, KoHeuHO, YTO AA sOGOTO HCcHOAHeHHA HeOGxo,HMO 4yBCTBO. OAHaKO, UTOGbI 3aCTABHTb YYBCTBOBAT APYTHX, cemyer nosa6oTHTaca 0 OPpMUPOBAHUN HM TpeHUpOBKe IMOMMONAABHEIX HaBbIKOB, CilepKUBAeMBIX H HaMpaBAAEMbIX 30paBbIM CMBICAOM. Ecrb ba Tila YYaULHXCA: OHH CHUTAIOT, UTO HacTAKLaTECH My3biKO — 9TO TO 2Ke CaMOe, YTO H BbIPAarxKaTb ee; Apyrue c Ta- KHM PBeHHEM Y4aT HOTbI, 1TO He OOpalllaioT BHHMAHHA Ha My- spiky. Hexoropbie mpenoqaBaTelH 3aCTaBAIOT CBOHX y4eHHKOB YYHTb HOBYIO Mbecy «Ges BUIPAXKeHHA>; HO KaKOBA Uellb TAKHX sanatnii? Expa a ctaHeT MYy3bIKa/IbibIM HCMOAHHTeTb, KOTO- pbili YYHT HeMY3bIKaIbHO, ECM TOKO ON BOBPeMA He OcTaBIIT CBOHX cTapbix mpuBbiuek. A 3TO He TaK-TO MmpocTo cAenaTb! 432, BBIPASHTEJIbHOCTb H MAMATb 3auem y4HTb rpoMKo qbpa3y, KoTOpad B HTOre RONKHA 3By- uatb Marko? Hexnas urpa — STO cloxKHaN 3aqa4a, Tpedyioulan CTPOroro KOHTPOAA Hal ABMTATeMbHbIMH MPUBLIYKAMH. 3aveM YYHTh MeTOAUIO Kak NOcde_OBaTeAbHOCTh 15, RH ete. La 16 Debussy. Prelude. Vol. 1, Ne 8 Tres calme 6. MPEJIECTb JETAJER Boigenaa onuy onpesenenuyto sagayy 8 Kaxkaplit qaunplit Mo- MeHT, HaYHHaellb sicHee BH{eTh Ha3HavenHe MHOrHX MOApObHO- cTeli, KOTOpble JO CHX Nop coBCceM He MpHBeKaH BHUMaHHs. Kak mo-Hopomy, HampHMep, OcMbICIMBaeTCA 6ac Onaroxapa oco- Gomy BHUMaHHIO K WecTHaAMaToON B HWKENpHBe_eHHOM MpHMepe! SaMeTHTb Takylo Belllb — 3Ha4HT 3aNOMHHT® ee. 7 Beethoven, op 57. ‘Andante con moto 46NOBTOPHBIE BNEYATIEHNA CosHaTeabHbiii KOHTPOMb Heb3A MpeKPalllaTb CMIIKOM Palo H BHHMaHHe JOs>KHO CHOBa H CHOBa cocpeOTOUMBaTbCA Ha KOHTYpax Hale My3bIKaJbHOH KapTbl, yrayO1Aa BHeyaTAeHHA, copepuleHcTByi feta, caeaa 3a (opMHpoBannem mpu- BBIYeK. OGpi4HO Uerecoo6paseH cambrii mpocTol cnoco6 peueHua 3a- aun, HO B My3biKe 9TO He Bcerga Tax. [Ipumep 13 (crp. 45) Mpolle urpaTb OLHHM UITPHXOM — CTaKKaTO HAH JeraTO, HO KOM- NO3HTOP XOYeT APyroro, H NOKa MaJbubl He HayyaTcA aBTOMATH- ueckH JeaTb TO, 4TO OT HHX TpeGyeTcA, BHHMaHHe He MOKeT OLITb yNeneHo HenomHeHHIO. Ha nepsyio ctanuio paGoTit He cnelyeT KateTb BpeMeHH, Tak Kak OHa O6ecneuHBaeT NYTb K jladbHelMeMy cOBepuleHCTBO- Bannio. HyxkHo mocToaHHO cipauluBaTb ce6a: «JlocraTouHO aH ray6oKo 3By4aT Gacbi? He npexsespeMenna 1H KYJbMHHauHA? Her 1M Kakux-HHOYb BaxKHBIX HeTateii, KOTOpLe 1 Nporassest?> Kputnyeckoe BHMaHHe HeOOXoAHMO BCe BpeMs. Hacrpoenne My3bikH onpegeaser cioco6 ee Bbiparkenus. Ha- TIipumep, ecM mbeca moMeyena tenebroso, HexocTaTOYHO eule HCHOAHHTETIO NpescraButh ce6e «mpak». AyAuTOpHA OKHA cauimlats cyMpaunntit KoOpuT.¢ AOMMHUpyIouLAM GacoM. B «lyn- HO» COHaTe, YTOObI BLISBATh YMHPOTBOPeHHOe COCTOAHHE Ayxa y caywateneli, akKKOMMaHeMeHT JOJ%KeH ObITb NPHTYWeHHBIM H POBHBIM, CONPOBOXAAaA MesTOAHIO, KOTOPad He HapyllaeT mlaB- HOCTH ABWKeHHA. 8. MOBTOPEHUA Tipauumancy 3a nsecy, Kaxqutit pas orKppiBaeum Bee HOBLIE BO3MO%KHOCTH Gonee coBepuleHHOH HHTepnpeTalun, BKOUaA ToHYaiiuine Hioancel. Tloucruie, HMKorma Herb3A CKa3aTb, 4¥TO Mbeca «3aKoHYeHa». C paculMpeHHem Kpyrosopa HcnosHHTeAA PaclIMpAIOTCH H HCNOMHHTeNbCKHe BO3MOXKHOCTH, H MO3TOMY, He TOBOpsA yxKe O APyrHX MpHYHHAX, He peKOMeHAyeTcA paGoTaTb Na OKO Mbecof cAMuIKOM MHOrO Aue nompaAg. ToBropenne, €CTH OHO T1aHMpyeTCA HEMOCTATOYHO PasyMHO, MOrKeT NaxKe NO- MeWaTb BOCHHTAHHIO HeOGXOMHMbIX H WedecoobpasHbix mpu- BBIueK. Her nuxakoli z06ponereau B exkeqHeBHbIX 8-¥acoBBIX 3aHA- tTuax. KoHueHTpHpoBaHHad yMcTBeHHan pa6oTa yTOMHTesbHa. VM xora npodeccnouaibHoMy MY3bIKaHTy He Bcerfa yaeTcA H3- GexaTb nepeHanpsxeHus,— HHKOMY, KaK MpaBHso, He calenyeT paOoraTb Gorbue Tpex — yeTbIpex Yacon B neHb. Jo Tex nop, noka yualiniicn He HayyHTCA PaOoTaTb NpaBHAbHO, OH NOMKeH 47OrpaHH4HTbCA OAHHUM 4aCOM, pa3feaAA ero Ha YeTbIpe KOpOT- KUX Mepwona cocpeaoTouennoli pa6ors.. Jia AByX- HH Tpex- KpaTHOFO NOBTOPeHHA OTPbIBKa He TpeOyeTcA MHOTO BpemeHH, H @CIH KPHTHYeCKOe BHHMAHHe C(OKYCHpOBaHO Ha SapaHee H3- 6paHHomM acnekTe My3bIKambHOli 3afa4H,— MbicIH He OTBJIe- KalOTCA NOCTOPOHHHMH BelllaMu H paGota GyseT caeaHa XQpOloO (cM. Take NpaBuia Ha cp. 61). 9. BOOBPA)KAEMBIE 3AHATHA Jaa. s036yxKAeHHA OCoNbITCTBa YNTaTeTeH B XOpolem po- MaHe C MpOAOAXKeHHeM CloxKeT MpepbiBaeTcA Ha CaMOM HHTepec- HOM MecTe; MpeKpalllad 3aHsaTHA, Kora HHTepec elle He MpHTy- HHJIcA, C OOAbUIMM PBeHHeM BOsBpallaelibcn K paboTe pu mep- Boi BO3MoxHOCTH. KoneuHO, BO BpeMA 3aHATHH CleAyeT MO KONA HCMOMb3OBaTb TBOPYECKOe COCTOAHHE, HO He MeHee BaxKHO YMeTb NpekpaTuTh paOoty fo Toro, Kak nosxBATCH NepBble MpH3HakH yTOMJeHHA. Kaxgptit My3bikaHT Qo1%KeH mo3a6oTHTbCA 0 HeOOxXO_UMOM (pu3H4eCKOM H YMCTBEHHOM OTJbIXe; BpeMA OT BpeMeHH cienyeT MeHATH POM MeATEbHOCTH, MpeqocTaBsAA ceOe OHH pas B He- Remo cpo6ogublii oT 3aHATHI NeHb. Ho nogcosHaTenbHaA jeA- TeMbHOCTh HHKOTa He MpeKpalllaetcA: pasBUTHe MBILII, MposO.- 2#KaeTCA Moce yipaxkHeHH, B MOSTy BO BpeMA OTAbIXA HMET Pa- 6ota 10 OcBOeHHIO MaTepHasa, HakonsieHHoro B TeYeHHe 3aHATHIL. B TaHHCTBeHHOM AeATeMbHOCTH NOACOSHAHHA HeMOCTHXKHMBIM Mly- TeM 3aKpellIAIOTCA HEOOXOAMMbIe aCCOMMalHH, H STOM BarKHOlt uacTH Mpouecca TBOPYeCKOH PaGOTbI NOHO ObITb MpesocTaB- leno Bpems, Kakoe-To ABHXKeHHe HMeeT MeCTO B MHKpO-MbIIMax ropTaHH Maxe Tora, KOrfa ClOBa YHTalOTCH «NpO ce6s>; Kora B TH- WIHHE MpOLyMbIBaeTCA MY3bIKa— HepBHble MYTH HeECOMHeHHO HepealoT KaKHe-To BievaTJeHHA, XOTA BHELIHEe ABHDKEHHe H 10- Hapanetcn. He oKa3piBaeTCA JH 3TO H3BECTHDIMH OLLYLLeHHAMH B KOHYHKaX navibyeB? * Konueptupyiounit mepen 10 Heo6XOAMMOcTH MHOrO paGoTaeT GessBy4HO; HHCTpyMeHTamHcTy TakxKe crenyeT Movame npony- MbIBaTb OTPHIBOK HAM BCIO MbeCy, BMECTO TOrO UTOOKI MpourpEI- BaTb HX. OnbiTHble MeBUbI peqKO 3aNHMAIOTCA B NMOMHBIi ros10C; MUCTPYMEHTAAUCTHI TaKKe AOMKHBI Sepedb CHIBI, KaK-T0 orpaHu- uupan ceOn. 3ansnTuA Ha ypoBne «no dopte», Gyay4n Menee yTO- MHTE/bHbI, HMEIOT elle H TO MPEHMYLeCTBO, YTO AyUWe MOGHIH- ByloT CaTyX. B KoMHaTe 11 3aHATHI He M01%KHO ObITh TPOMKO THKAIOWLHX uacos. Jaa Toro, KTO No-HacTosujemy CayulaeT MY3bIKY, HEBbIHO- CHM aKKOMUaHeMeHT AaxKe pyyHbIxX YacoB, 810. OWIHBKA. PavbulMBy!O HOTY, MO OLIHGKe B3ATyIO B MaccaxKe, He CleLyeT CMeLIHBaTh C HeMpaBHsIbUBIM MpouTenHem TeKcTa; cayyainan OWMOKa H Ha MOsAHeHMMX CTAaHAX paGOTbI 3HAYHTeTbHO MeHee onacHa, ¥eM OcTaHoBKa H Hapyllenue cBAseii, MpHBOATLHe BMO- CJI@ACTBHH K Hrpe c 3anuHKaMu. BatTom cily4ae HY2KHO OMATb cue- QOBaTb IpuMepy AUpHxKepa, KoTOppIit He GyxeT 6e3 Kpaiineli He- OGXOAMMOCTH OCTaHaBJMBaTb OPKeCTp Ha MOCAeEAHHX peneTHUHAX. Ormeuaa mpo ce6s OTAebubIe HeMOCTATKH HCNOMHEHHA, OH GyaeT MPOLOMKAaTh JUPHKUPOBATS NO KOHLa MY3bIKaIbHOH YaCTH, MocTe yero, OOCYAHB OLIHOKH C OpKeCTpaHTaMH, MOBTOPHT BeCb OTPbIBOK cHauata. Jlyummit Meto, pa6oTbl Hal NpOusBexeHHeM, KOTOpOe yKe CTAHOBHTCA 3HAKOMBIM,— YYHTS MO MY3bIKaJIbHBIM YacTsM, He Pa3pbIBaA MO BO3MOXHOCTH Leb MYSbIKaMbHOM MbICIH. 11, H3MEHEHHE MPHBBIYEK Ecau Ta %e OWMOKa NOBTOpAeTCA OATS — MOMO*KeHHE Gonee cepbesHo HM TBepAHTS 3J0CHacTHBIi Maccaxk CHOBa HU CHOBa, Ha- eich, YTO OH B KOHIe KOHWOB NoAyYNTCA cam coGoli,— Gecno- s1esHo. Bmecto sToro caeayeT mombitaTeca HaiiTH MpH4HHy KaxK- AOH Tako OWMOKH, TaK KaK MIPHBbIUKH, MOMOGHO HEKOTOPbIM Op- KeCTpaHTaM, NpOABAANIOT HepasHBOCT, KOrAa 3a HMA He CAeAUT JIMpH2Kep: HECMOTpA Ha Ge3yKOPH3HEHHYIO NOZTOTOBKY H TpeHark, OHH MOTYT Mpeaovectb AMHHIO HaWMeHbulero conpoTHBseHns. Heo6xoqumoctb ucnpaBsenHa NpHBEKH BCerAa CeAyeT OGOCHO- Bbipatb. Hanpumep, ecm Hapyulaerca mpHBbiyka meppowauadb- HOit ANMWIHKaTypbl, HY2%KHO YTOGLI aGcomoTHaA HeOGXOAUMOCTD HIMe€HHO 9TOli, 3aayMaHHOl Aa CBOOOAHOTO HcnOHeHHA AaHHOH SBYKOBOH NOCeOBATeIHOCTH ANMINKAaTYpbl, MOWa 0 CO3Ha- nua. CosvaTesbubie accouMauun Takoro pofa cnoco6cTByIoT yco- BeplleHCTBOBaHHI0 MpHBLIYeK. Ecau xe ouM6Ka OKa3bIBaeTcA JelicTBHTeIbHO 3ay4eHHOi OUINOKO!, HYXKHO, OSOCHOBAB HeOGXosUMOcTS NepecTpoilkH, pH cTyMlith K MepeTpeHHposKe naMsTH, YTOOH 3aneyataeTS B Heit Apyroli, Gonee acupiii O6pas. Ecru 3ayyena cbaibuiuBan HOTA, HY/KHO 3aM10MHUTb MpaBHJIbHYIO HOTY B ee OTHOMIeHHH K ApyrHM, TIpH¥eM, B HCNpaBleHHH NepBOHayaTbHOrO BHeVaTAeHA WeHHyI0 NOMOUb OKa3sbIBaeT rapMoHHA. OqnaKo TaKOrO poja OWIHOKy ycT- pannts Tpyaxo. Hecmorps Ha AIuTeabHyI0 H TepneauByio pabory TO ee HcMpaBseHMio, Kak NaMATb, Tak H MpHB_IUKH MOryT BApyr COBEPWeHHO HeOAKHAAHHO BepHYTECA K CTapomy.?> Tlonbitka «, Nloslarascb Jib Ha MYCKYbHy!0 NaMaTb. EctecTBeHHo, OH Bo.- HYeTCA; OAHAKO, MpesocTaBuB cBOOOAY MpHBLIYKaM, OH MOXKeT GbITb H «BIKPYTHTCH KaK-HHGYAb», OKA3aBUIHCh B Goee BEITOL- HOM MOMOXKeHHH MO CpaBHeHMiO c TeM, y KOTO He XBaTHJO My- 2KeCTBa Ha Mo106HOe pacKpenoutenue. 2. CBOBOJA Muorue wukoraa, axe urpas No HOTaM, He AOcTHraloT cBO- GoAbl HCMOAHEHHA: NCHXONOTHYeCKaA CKOBAHHOCTh MpomBametcA B HanpAXKeHHH JIMA, MO3bl, a Take H B KavecTBe 3ByYaHHs. élHexkotopple cuvTatoT NOTe3HbIM JIHLIb TO, YTO JaeTcA TpytoM u ¢ MpeHe6pexkenvem oTHOCATCA K JOcTHraemMomy 6e3 ycuaHii, HO HerkocTh, KOTOpad oOTAMYaeT GOADUIHX MacTepoB,— pesybTaT OFPOMHBIX TpYOB, MHOTHX JleT ycepAHOi H TepnerMBOH paboTHI- Mutmeuan cBo6oga cnoco6crayer cBoGoje ncuxosornuec- KOH; HO BO BpeMA HcNosHeHHA aGcOmOTHOe OcBOGOaMeHHE KO- He4YHO HEBO3MOXKHO, TaK KaK 9TO O3HA4aIO Obl NOMHbIM pasBat TexHHKH. (ToT, y Koro MonHOCTHIO OTALIXaeT Mosr,— emu). IIpo- CTO «cBOOoya> ABIIAeTCA HaHGoee NOAXOAAMHM CMOBOM AIA TOrO MbIIMeYHOrO OLLYUeHHA, KOTOPOe cay*KHT OCHOBOM Npa- BHJIbHOFO NCHXONOTHYECKOTO COCTOAHUA — «BHUMAHHe MHHYC YCH- sMe>; IPH YCIOBHH YMCTBeHHOM Hu UsH4eCcKOl CBOOOAbI NPHBLIUKH HeitcTByioT c MaKcCHMasbHOH HazexKHOcTHIO H cHOpoBKOH. Ecan B mpouecce urpbl He AyMaelllb HH O HOTaX, HH O TeXHHKe, ec PYKH H MaJIbubl AelicrByIOT aBTOMaTHYeCKH — HCMOMHeHHe Ha MpaBHJbHOM NyTH. He aerko Jo6utbea cBo6oAL TeM, KTO HHKOrga He mpoboBat MpeMoctaBaaTs HcnomHeHHe MojcosHanHio. Ho Bedb raMMy B CO- CTOAHHH HrpaTb 6e3 HOT MOUTH KarK Abii, H OMLyUeHHe TOM «Ges- AYMHOi» Eph MoxeT ObITh HCHOMb3OBaHO B Ka¥eCTBe OCHOBbI Ai pa6otbl Hal HcnosHeHHeM no MamaTH. MHorga goctaTouHo MIpexcTaBHTb ce6e bpasy, YTOObI BOCIIPOH3BECTH €€ HaH3yCTb: Ca- Moe TlaBHOe — OTBeub BHUMaHHe OT HOT. OHO TOAbKO OcBO- Gor AeHHe MILI JHiLa yxKe croco6cTByeT MoACOsHaTeNbHOH urpe, HO sy4weli npoBepKol yMeHuA HrpaTb NO NaMsATH ABAAeTCA HC- TosHeHve c SakpLITHIMH TaagaMu (HM B TeMMoTe). [IpH HaaMunn MICHXONOFHYeCKOH CKOBaHHOCTH TaKOH ONbIT He yiaeTCH. 3. HPA HAH3YCTb Buyautb mbecy, TOABKO UTA HOTH H pasMBIUAAA, cpaBiH- TeIbHO NeTKO; HCNOJHAT €€ HE YMA BOBCe — AJA MHOTHX sHa- unTembHO Tpyauee. B nepBoM c1y¥ae MBI NorionlaeM MY3BIKy, BO BTOPOM — My3bIKa NOJ2%KHa MorioTHTh Hac. HacrpoenHa, uys- cTBa —KaTeropuH MoscosHaTenbHBIe Hv, YTO6HI HaiiTH cpeacTBa (WIA HX BbIPAKeHUA, MYSLIKAHT JOJ2KEH NOrpy3HTbcA B CBOM BHYT- peHunit mup. Uem 2e 10/2KHO ObITh B STO BPeMA 3aHATO COsHaHHe? B my- SbIKe MPOHCXOAMT CIMLIKOM MHOroe H B TakOli, Hanpumep, mbece, Kak yra, HeBOSMOXKHO CeAHTS 8a KaxKAbIM TOTOCOM Cc PaBHbIM BHHMaHHeM; Ja 9TO H He Hy2KHO, J.MpuxKep CMOTPHT Ha pa3sHU- HBIX HCNOHHTeTei MoO O“epeAH; OH CyWaeT BCeX, HO yeaseT oco6oe BHHMaHHe BCTYNeHHIO HAH CNeWHaJbHOMy My3bIKaJIb- nomy adexty. BHuManne ucnomHHTeNA TakK%Ke MOKeT c MocTa- TOUHOM ONepaTHBHOCTbIO OOpalllaTbcA NONepeMeHHO K pasAHYHLIM 2acnekTaM My3bIkH. B 2aHHoe MrHOBeHHe OHO MOxeT G6bITb npe- HMYUIECTBEHHO cOcpeOTOYeHO Ha MeOAUH, B cHeAyrouee — Ha 3BYYaHHH Gaca WAM Ha Mle_aqH, a BOKpyr sTOrO Mepememaio- ieroca doKyca, Ha MepudepHH COsHAaHHA, HAaXOAHTCA BCA My3bIKa B wetom. Bce cayulaeTes, XOTA YeMY-TO OLHOMY B KaxKIbIit LaH- HbIii MOMeHT yeeTCA NpeHMyLecTBeHHOe BHAMAaHHe. Bos6yxxqeHHe COMpoBoxKAaeTCA MOBbILEHHO YyBCTBHTeTb- HOCTbIO; NOPOl CHOATE MOXeT HCMbITHIBATD HeOObIuaiiHyIo ACHOCTh MBICIM H CTPaHHOe 4YBCTBO OTPelleHHOCTH: cosHaHHe CTOHT Kak Obl B CTOPOHe, Ge3y4acTHO HaOMOJaA 3a NpOHCXosA- UMM, H BpeMeHaMH MenbKaeT Mbicab: «Ja NOHO, A 1H Jesalo: aTy My3bIKy?> 4, HAPYLUEHHE MPHBbIYEK Tipu urenwu c AHcTa HeBOAbHO NPHXOMHTCA AYMaTb Blepen, HO Reta, 9To Hrpad HausycTs — Beauuaituan oumOKa. Tourn y Ka%koro nyOaHYHOrO HCHOMHHTeAA BpeMeHaMH BO3HHKaeT Go- Jl@3HeHHaA TpeBOra, CBASAHHaA C BOMPOCOM: «Kaka HOTA, KaKOit OTPLIBOK CleLylomMii»? TIpuBeraku, COuTbIe c TONKY COMHeHHeM, OTKa3bIBaloT, a NOTPACeHHBIii My3bIKaHT ceTyeT Ha OTCyTCTBHE: aMATH, B TO BpeM# KaK eMy HeqocTaBaso Apyroro — Bepbl. Tenepb MOxKHO NOHATH, NOYeMY Tak BarKHO B HepByt Oyepedt BUeTb KOHEYHYIO Leb (HHTepnpeTaMio MpousBefeHuA), a 3aTeM yoKe cpeacTBa ee JocTwKcHHA. Ecau B Havale pa6orbl cocpeyo- TOUHTb BHHMaHHe Ha 3aYYHBaHHH MpOCTO HOT, To MaMATb GyseT WeNKO LepraTbca 3a 9TO MepBoe BleyaTJeHHe, HO BO BpeMA Hc- NOJAHEHHS HaH3YCTb MBICIL O PeaabHBIX HOTAX OGAZATEMbHO NpH- BeyeT K npoBaay. Ilovemy — TpyaHo cKasaTb, HO 9T0 TaK. Koraa HCNOAHHTeb HAYHHAeT COMHEBATHCA B CBOE! NAMATH, OH AOMKEH NpHKa3aTb ceGe OCBOGOAUTECA OT BHYTPeHHell CKOBaHHOCTH H He- Me/JeHHO NepeKMOYNTh BHAMAHHe Ha PHTM, HacTpoeHHe, .110608. aCIeKT MYS3bIKH, JIHIJb Obl NPCOTBPaTHTb BMeLIaTebCTBO CcO3- anus. Ho uTo geaaTb, eC CBASb y2Ke HapylleHa H JOTMYecKaA HHTb ytepaua? 3y6puda, mpepBaHHblii B CBOHX pasraaroabcTBoBa- HUSIX, MOKET HAYHHATb TOABKO «oT neyKH>. Ho MyGs1HKe B KOH- uepTe TAXKKO CAYWATb, KaK MMAHHCT MOBTOPAET, H MOKET ObITb He’ OAMH pa3, HaY¥aO Mbechl, perk e yem DOGepetca mo ee KONA. Takad OMacHOCTb HCKOYeHA MIA COMMCTa, XOPOWO OCBOHBUErO. cpopmy mponspegenua. HW pce xe, BO Bcex cy4anx pa3syMubiii MY3bIKaHT O693aH YM€Tb HawHHaTb He TOAbKO c 4acTH A, HO: Takxe c uactu X, Y nan Z. Hepeako npopa.bl naMsTH BbISbIBalOTCA TeM, YTO MPHBLIYKaM NoMeladia BO BpeMs peneTHWHH paboTa «no KycouKaM». 53Paanenenue Ha My3biKaqbuBIe OTpHIBKH, GesycaoBHO pasyM- HO€ Ha Ha4a/IbHOM 9TaNe pasyYHBaHHA MbecbI, CAMbIM MaryOHbIM o6pa3s0M cKasbIBaeTCA Ha YCTaHOBHBUIelich B MOACOSHAHHH TocmesoBaTeMbHOCTH C¢ ye YTBEPANBUIMMHCA HM KOOPAMHH- POBAHHbIMH MpHBbIYKAaMH. PaGota Hak OTACIbHBIMH YaCTAMH B TOT MepHoa, Kora Mbeca ye OTPaGoTaHa B WeOM, OCO- 6eHHO NOX AelicTByeT Ha NaMsATb OOagaTenet aGcomoTHorO calyxa. : Zanuchipanue pa3syynBaemoi MYSbIKH, cBueTercTByIOMee ‘0 3HaHHM HOTHOFO TeKCTa, TaKxKe MelllaeT HOPMa/IbHOM .padoTe naMaTH. MMeHHO NOTOMY, YTO 3aNHcbiBaHHe MpesnotaraeT cAH- IKOM aKTHBHOe BMELIATEIbCTBO COSHAHHA, BIOCAeACTBHH MoxKeT ObITh 3aTpyAHEHO NOACOsHaTeNbHOe HenOMHEHHe.”> PaBHBIM OOpa- 30M OMacHO HasbiBaHHe HOT B yMe. [IpuBseKaTb BHHMAHKe K HO- TaM KaK TaKOBbIM HH B KOeM cély4ae He CJleflyeT, NosTOMy Aya He 3aHUMaTbcA HemocpelcTBeHHO MepeA BbICTYNAeHHeM — 3THM MO%XKHO COBepIeHHO NOryOuTD To, YTO Ye MpeKpacHo ycBoexo ToscosHanuem. Tpe6yeTcn KOHeuHO HeMasan cla BOAM, YTOOB MpekpaTHTb paGory B Takoe BpeMA, HO Bepa B MaMATb NOAHOCTBIO ompapiaer ces. 5. OOKMBJIEHHE BIEYATJEHHA Kak 61 xopowio uM Gpita 3HaKoMa mbeca, BpemA oT Bpe- MEH HY2KHO MOBTOPATb ee, ThkaTeTbHO CBepAA C HOTHBIM TeK- cTOM. 9TO sakpenanet sputenbibie BHedaTeHHA HI, KPoMe Toro, MpeMOTBpallaeT MOACOSHaTeAbHOe HCKa2KeHHe Pa3sy4uBaemoi My- sik. (IIbeca, vchoausiemaa goaroe Bpema TOAbKO Han3ycTb, HMeeT, NMOMO0GHO HapoOaHOf Meche, TeHAeHUMIO CjlerKa H3Me- uatpca.) [IpocmaTpuBaa crapylo mbecy, MOX%KHO cleat cBeExKHE OTKPBITHA Ha 3HAKOMOii CTpaHHlle; BAPyr, Yepes MHOrHe MecsILbI, HaXOMHLIb KOU K OTPbIBKY, KOTOPbIii MO CHX MOp Ka3avicA HemO- CTHXKHMBIM, H TOJIDKO YAMBJIAELIbCA: AEMICTBYIOUME MUA: PasyM (anpwxep) Tamara Npueuukn mw Yysctea B cryduu nuanucra Banazec noanumaetcs. Opxectp. Ha nepeasem naane [lam atu, 3a HUMIC Gecuncaennure TI p HB M4 KH — HeKOTOpHE Ha HX Yoke CTapMe H HcKyUIEHHBe B My3bike, Apyrie COBCeN MOJOALE H HeAHCHANAMHNpOBANHEe. Thasirv, vere 10 KONTYpaM, BLINPAMAMOTCH C BUPAKeHHeM saayMun- BuM, HO cTporiM. Fipuaniuxn nowtn anwenb acaKoro BuIpaxeHHa, oTHero H BLINaAaAT ray nee, YeM OHH ecTh Ha caMoM zene. Hosbie Mpuativka nourn He oTaHauMit oava oT apyroit (sce omeTbi B cepoe), B Mpollecce paGoTH OHM pasBuBaIOTCA 5EX ctawosaten Gosee onpeseaeniuimn mo oveprarinas. Cpenn Mpusiuex UyeeTBo puTMa Oxo oGbINHO HaXOAUTeR cpea YyBCTS, HO celivac, uro6u He memaTs Py Garo, BuigereHo BMecTe co csoHM nyabToM. Tlo¥ep- mepuiee oF BpeMteilit, oito rocnogcTByeT Haq OpKecTpoM. Uyacrsa onucaTs HeBosMOrKHO, TAK KaK OHH Bce BpeM MettsoTeR. Camere rayOoxue Uypersa we cnpaTaTb; ckB03b sacrapebie TIpHBBIYKH OHH CHAIOT, Nepeaupascs, Kak ABiDYUlasCA Pasyra, No Mepe pasBiITHis MY3KIKH. He cunraa Parma, cuasutero ipso H HeNOABIDKHO, Bech OpKectp BemeT ce6% ovelts GecnoKofio. Tlepen HUM, BHHMATeTBHO HSydaR MapTHTypY, CTOHT aupixxep—Pasy. B ero pykax ANpWxKepcKan maso¥Ka —Brumattie, Ou ToawuMaer ee, H HacTyNaeT THUMM OXHAaHUA, 3aTeM OH TOBOpHT: — Ho6poe ytpo, axentapmenbi. Cerogua MBI HadHHaeM pa- Goty Hag HOBO Mbecoi — Ponor weoxo6penuia cpean Tpussiiex. — 20-m mpemogom Ulonena. (Yxasviean na pad nycroix nyaotoe xa sadKem naane.) Ho rae Uyscrsa? Moasanne. — Ham nyxkno 3anoMHHTb TOKO 8 TaKTOB, TaK Kak Moceg- uve 4 noBTopsioTca. Tlamarn suo Sauntepeconanbi: oun .u06atT KopoTkHe nbecu, Mycky.bnar Tlawarp noseaurenubin saraagom act KoMaday caoum Tpussitxan mpitro- Tosutecs, no upwkep Aeaaer uM saMevaiue, — A npoury Bac OTOXHYTb, NOKa BbI He MOHAMOGUTECd. (Yeaseeaa ua [amaru cayxosyto u myckyaonyro.) Bul caenaete Ooubuoe Kpeulens0 K 4-My TaKTY. B stor moment, toanacs, nonsanworen Uy aera. (O6pawasco K Kum.) Bu onaTb onosnaan. Uyecrea purangaT GaeaHbIMH M1 HaHypeHHbIMH, aman MbIcab 0 Yacax pas- apanaet ux. (K ocraabxom.) Tlocae KyabMunallMH Oobuloe AHMHHYSHI0 no Konya. (Botcryxueaer OupuscepcKok naaouxok OauTeabnocro nepeoix veroipex wereepred.) 310 purMudeckuit pucyHoK Kax- Oro TakTa —OUEHb JerKO 3aMOMHUTb. 3fecb MavleHbKOe Kpe- ileHLO TakKKe K KarKNOH TpeTbell yeTBepTH. Uysctso pita siraganT yapyyennbin — Takum o6pasom, MbI HMeeM 3fecb MpHMep HenpaBHabHoro AeIeCHHA Ha TaKTbI. Tamara nepemeuaior scioay TaxtoBule Yeptil K Tpetbell verseptH. 56— Ho u3 coo6paxenuit ygo6ctaa Mel 6yneM HyMepoBaTE TaKTbl, KaK OHH CTOAT B NapTuType. (Oerxdvisaa Beco OpKecTp.) Htak... ee... Opkecrp Haunnaer urpats, Ho H3-2a oMMOKH spiTeabuol TamaTu Hexotopnre [Ipusuukn Gepyt. au ucToe. Largo 2 Shopin. Prelude Ne 20. : hast Ff — To munop, noxkaanyiicta. Tonatbuocth aBaaetca Hando- Jlee BaxkHoi acconnauuell. {1 xouy, yTOGLI BLI OOpaTHaH BHHMa- 87une Ha cekBeHuMIO Bo 2-M TakTe. Ita BTopan pasa B JIa-Ge- MOMb Ma2xKOpe, TpeTbA BOSBpalllaetcA K MO MHHOpy, Torda Kak ueTBepTad MOgylupyeT K JoMHHaHTe. HexkoTopbie AUpHKepbt ‘B TpeTbeM Takte GepyT “HcTOe MU, HO B COOCTBEHHOM H3AaHHH Llonena sropoe wu—bemo.o. Spwrensnan Mamars oroponesa ot saysenua (O6pawance x Purmy.) A ue npocus rpHoau Ha Tperbeit veT- peptu. Cuntaiite, noxkaaylicra. PHTM, aMWeHHBIM BeAKOTO MATepeca ToMOCOM, CHHTAeT: pas, 18a, TPH... (O6pauance K naroyesoim [Tpusoiukam). Tlomensitrech Me- cTaMu, noxkaayiicra. Uoconeronasuinice urenoToM ¢ MyckyabHol Tamarbi0, HeckousKo FIpuBuimex MeHsiOT MecTa Tak, KAK HM KaKeTCA Gone YAOOHEIM. — Bor uurepecubiii Moment: cbirpaem taxt 2-i... Tenepp Tat 8-ii, OHH Ha4HHaloTcA OHHAaKOBO, HO TaKT 2-f ocTaeTca B AA-GemOAe, a TAKT 8-li BO3BpalllaeTCA K TOHHKe. Tlamatu otmevaior sto. — B Taxte 7-M Bbl HaligeTe nepBoe OOpalllenue TOHHYeCKOTO akkopaa. Yypersa Gaenuteior. — Vrax, wkentapmensi (ece svinpamasiorca), ¢ Havana. Mysbika Hauuttaerca. — Mue nyxna oprannaa apyyuoct... fl He cauuly aca... Bac oxen Obit Gonee counbIM. TipnesuKn taxeso% pyku geaaior To, Yro or HuX Tpedyeres, Ho TIpHaBIHKiL TenasusauHn COBCEM sanyTadles, (Saxpoie yuu pykamu.) Ota KaKoouuA HeBbIHOCHMa. (K Hpusouxam nedaausayuu.) Bot 2000KHbI onpaKtHKoBatca BO BpeMa MlepepbiBa, a AO TeX MlOp # NPOUIY Bac CHieTH CNOKOIHO. (K dpyeum.) Eute pa3 c wavaaa... rpomue... rposue... (O6pa- twaerca « Yyecream.) [aiite mue Bee, uT0 Moxere. Uyserea poctopxeHHo mbi.iaior, — Besnkonenxo! Teneps... Marko... Marue... ete Msarue... nostopenie (2aada @ cropony ToHKux wyacTe), TOKO 3x0. (Moa. aur. Zarem pewureasno.) Bepuenca K navaay! Bxoaur TIpupauxa paccesutioctit, Buesaniian cymataua 5 opkectpe. 38