78 AGRICULTURE FOR BEGINNERS SECTION XXII. GRAFTING By a process known as grafting you can force your tree to produce whatever variety of apple you desire, Many people raise fruit trees directly from seed without grafting. Thus they often produce really worthless trees. By grafting they would make sure not only of having good trees rather than poor ones but also of having the particular kind of fruit that they wish. Hence you must now graft your tree. First you must decide what va- riety of apple you want to grow on the tree, The Magnum Bonum is a great favorite as a fall apple. The Winesap isa good winter apple, while the Red Astrachan is a profit- able early apple, especially in the lowland of the coast region. The Northern Spy, ASsop, and Spitz enburg are also admirable kinds. Possibly some other apple that you know may suit your taste and needs better than any of these varieties. Tf you have decided to raise an /Esop or a Magnum Bonum or a Winesap, you must now cut a twig from the tree of your choice and graft it upon the little tree that you have raised. Choose a twig that is about the thickness of the young tree at the point where you wish to graft. Be careful to take the shoot from a vigorous, healthy part of the tree, There are many ways in which you may join the chosen shoot or twig upon the young tree, but perhaps the best Fic. 64. TonGuk GRAFTING