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R0141/001
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Brief
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12
Brief The brief is to prepare calculated values for the capacity of the Apollo
Ladder Beam to BS EN 1999-1-1.
f o= 255 N/mm2
f u= 295 N/mm2
Design
Eurocode 9: Design of Aluminium structures EN 1999-1-1
Alloy used is 6082 T6 throughout
STRAP Model
The structure was analysed in STRAP structural analysis program.
(3m Ladder Beam shown below, larger spans are scaled versions of below)
Page 1of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Brief
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12
Load Cases Images are shown of the 3m beam, loading for larger spans
is applied using the same methodology.
Page 2of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Brief
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12
Load Combinations
Combination
Number Combination Description Load Cases
1 UDL 1+2
2 Central Point Load 1+3
3 Two Point Loads 1+4
4 Three Point Loads 1+5
5 End Shear 1+6
gD= 1.25
gL= 1.50
Page 3of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Boom Capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Boom 48.3 x 4.4mm CHS
2
Section Properties A= 607 mm
4
I= 147654 mm
W el= 6114 mm3
W pl= 8254 mm3
ry= 15.6 mm
b 2= 13e
= 13*0.99
= 12.87
> 10.98 Class 2
Section is class 2
Page 4of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Boom Capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Boom CHS Moment Capacity (6.2.5.1)
Mc,Rd = aW el fo / gM1
a= W pl/W el (Table 6.4)
= 1.35
W el = 6.11 cm3
fo = 255 N/mm2
gM1 = 1.1 (6.1.3)
= 1.35*6.11*255/1100
Mc,Rd = 1.91 kNm
Page 5of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Boom Capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Ncr = ((PI()^2)*70000*147654)/((0.5^2)*(257^2))
= 6,177,841.29 N
X= 1/ Φ+√Φ2-λ2
2
Φ = 0.5(1+ά(λ-λo)+λ )
ά= 0.20 Table 6.6
λo= 0.10 Table 6.6
Φ= 0.52
X= 0.97
Nb,Rd = 0.65*0.97*607*255/1100
= 88.72 kN
1. General yielding
No,Rd = Ag fo /gM1
fo = 255N/mm2
Ag = 607mm2
gM1 = 1.1
= 607*255/1100
= 140.71 kN
2. Local failure
Nu,Rd = Anetfu /gM2
fu = 295N/mm2
Anet = A* ru,haz
= 607*0.64
2
= 388.5mm
gM1 = 1.25
= 388.5*295/1250
= 91.69 kN
Page 6of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Vertical capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Vertical 48.3 x 4.4mm CHS
2
Section Properties A= 607 mm
4
I= 147654 mm
W el= 6114 mm3
W pl= 8254 mm3
ry= 15.6 mm
b 2= 13e
= 13*0.99
= 12.87
> 10.98 Class 2
Section is class 2
Page 7of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Vertical capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Vertical CHS Moment Capacity (6.2.5.1)
Mc,Rd = aW el fo / gM1
a= W pl/W el (Table 6.4)
= 1.35
W el = 6.11 cm3
fo = 255 N/mm2
gM1 = 1.1 (6.1.3)
= 1.35*6.11*255/1100
Mc,Rd = 1.91 kNm
Page 8of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Vertical capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Ncr = ((PI()^2)*70000*147654)/((0.5^2)*(257^2))
= 6,177,841.29 N
X= 1/ Φ+√Φ2-λ2
2
Φ = 0.5(1+ά(λ-λo)+λ )
ά= 0.20 Table 6.6
λo= 0.10 Table 6.6
Φ= 0.52
X= 0.97
Nb,Rd = 0.65*0.97*607*255/1100
= 88.72 kN
1. General yielding
No,Rd = Ag fo /gM1
fo = 255N/mm2
Ag = 607mm2
gM1 = 1.1
= 607*255/1100
= 140.71 kN
2. Local failure
Nu,Rd = Anetfu /gM2
fu = 295N/mm2
Anet = A* ru,haz
= 607*0.64
2
= 388.5mm
gM1 = 1.25
= 388.5*295/1250
= 91.69 kN
Page 9of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Weld capacity
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6mm Fillet Weld around 48.3 x 4.4mm CHS
2
Section Properties A= 694 mm
4
I= 241560 mm
W el= 8506 mm3
W pl= 11483 mm3
ry= 18.6 mm
Mc,Rd = W el fw / gM2
W el = 8.51 cm3
fw = 190 N/mm2
gM2 = 1.25 (8.1.1)
= 8.51*190/1250
Mc,Rd = 1.29 kNm
Page 10of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Page 11of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.45
w w
3.00m
Ra Rb
Page 12of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 1.02
W 1.5m
3.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/4
Page 13of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 3 PL at third points 10kN load applied at each of the two third points
Factor 0.54
1 W W 1
3.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/3
so for ultimate condition
W= 1.50*10
15.00 kN
apply factor from above
Wf= 15*0.54
= 8.10 kN
Page 14of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
3.00m
Ra Rb
Page 15of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 5 End Shear 10kN load applied at a 0.6m distance from the support
Factor 0.71
W 0.6m
3.00m
Ra Rb
Page 16of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 3m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
3m Ladder Beam Results
Ladder Beam
Loadcase Ultimate Allowable
No. Moment Moment
1 UDL 7.59 5.06
2 Point 11.48 7.65
3 Third 8.10 5.40
4 Quarter 8.10 5.40
Page 17of 45
From 3m Ladder Beam Analysis with restraints to compression chord at 1.0m c/c
Notes: 1. Above allowable loads may be increased by 1.11 for wind loading only
2. This table is provided as a guide only and assume all loads are applied at nodes. All scaffolds and structures should
be checked by a qualified structural engineer. Loads indicated in italics and shaded are limited by shear.
3. Maximum capacity of a point load mid way between nodes is 11kN but overall buckling of the top chord should be
checked if loads are placed other than at restrained loads. Compression chord restraint required at 1m c/c
4. Restraint point must support both top and bottom booms at restraint location.
Page 18of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Page 19of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.20
w w
6.00m
Ra Rb
Wf= 15*0.20
= 3.00 kN
Page 20of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.80
W 3.0m
6.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/4
Wf= 15*0.80
= 12.00 kN
Page 21of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 3 PL at third points 10kN load applied at each of the two third points
Factor 0.51
2 W W 2
6.00m
Ra Rb
Page 22of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.34
6.00m
Ra Rb
Wf= 15*0.34
= 5.10 kN
Page 23of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 5 End Shear 10kN load applied at a 0.6m distance from the support
Factor 0.52
W 0.6m
6.00m
Ra Rb
Max Shear Rb= W*2/3
Page 24of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 6m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
6m Ladder Beam Results
Ladder Beam
Loadcase Ultimate Allowable
No. Moment Moment
1 UDL 13.50 9.00
2 Point 18.00 12.00
3 Third 15.30 10.20
4 Quarter 15.30 10.20
Page 25of 45
From 6m Ladder Beam Analysis with restraints to compression chord at 1.0m c/c
Notes: 1. Above allowable loads may be increased by 1.11 for wind loading only
2. This table is provided as a guide only and assume all loads are applied at nodes. All scaffolds and structures should
be checked by a qualified structural engineer. Loads indicated in italics and shaded are limited by shear.
3. Maximum capacity of a point load mid way between nodes is 11kN but overall buckling of the top chord should be
checked if loads are placed other than at restrained loads. Compression chord restraint required at 1m c/c
4. Restraint point must support both top and bottom booms at restraint location.
Page 26of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Page 27of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.12
w w
9.00m
Ra Rb
Wf= 15*0.12
= 1.80 kN
so maximum moment is as above
Page 28of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 2 Point load 10kN load applied at midspan of beam
Factor 0.80
W 4.5m
9.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/4
Page 29of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 3 PL at third points 10kN load applied at each of the two third points
Factor 0.46
3 W W 3.00
9.00m
Ra Rb
Page 30of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 4 PL at quarter points
10kN load applied at each of the three quarter points
Factor 0.34
2.25 W 2.25 W 2.25 W 2.25
9.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/2
so for ultimate condition
W= 1.50*10
15.00 kN
apply factor from above
Wf= 15*0.34
= 5.10 kN
Page 31of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 5 End Shear 10kN load applied at a 0.6m distance from the support
Factor 0.59
W 0.6m
9.00m
Ra Rb
Max Shear Rb= W*2/3
Page 32of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 9m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
9m Ladder Beam Results
Ladder Beam
Loadcase Ultimate Allowable
No. Moment Moment
1 UDL 18.23 12.15
2 Point 27.00 18.00
3 Third 20.70 13.80
4 Quarter 22.95 15.30
Page 33of 45
From 9m Ladder Beam Analysis with restraints to compression chord at 1.0m c/c
Notes: 1. Above allowable loads may be increased by 1.11 for wind loading only
2. This table is provided as a guide only and assume all loads are applied at nodes. All scaffolds and structures should
be checked by a qualified structural engineer. Loads indicated in italics and shaded are limited by shear.
3. Maximum capacity of a point load mid way between nodes is 11kN but overall buckling of the top chord should be
checked if loads are placed other than at restrained loads. Compression chord restraint required at 1m c/c
4. Restraint point must support both top and bottom booms at restraint location.
Page 34of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Page 35of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.08
w w
12.0m
Ra Rb
Wf= 15*0.08
= 1.20 kN
Page 36of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.66
W 6.0m
12.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/4
Page 37of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 3 PL at third points 10kN load applied at each of the two third points
Factor 0.39
4 W W 4
12.00m
Ra Rb
Max Moment= ML/3
Page 38of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Factor 0.27
3.0 W 3.0 W 3.0 W 3.0
12.00m
Ra Rb
Page 39of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Load Comb. 5 End Shear 10kN load applied at a 0.6m distance from the support
Factor 0.58
W 0.6m
12.00m
Ra Rb
Page 40of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : 12m Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
12m Ladder Beam Results
Ladder Beam
Loadcase Ultimate Allowable
No. Moment Moment
1 UDL 21.60 14.40
2 Point 29.70 19.80
3 Third 23.40 15.60
4 Quarter 24.30 16.20
Page 41of 45
From 12m Ladder Beam Analysis with restraints to compression chord at 1.0m c/c
Notes: 1. Above allowable loads may be increased by 1.11 for wind loading only
2. This table is provided as a guide only and assume all loads are applied at nodes. All scaffolds and structures should
be checked by a qualified structural engineer. Loads indicated in italics and shaded are limited by shear.
3. Maximum capacity of a point load mid way between nodes is 11kN but overall buckling of the top chord should be
checked if loads are placed other than at restrained loads. Compression chord restraint required at 1m c/c
4. Restraint point must support both top and bottom booms at restraint location.
Page 42of 45
Project : Apollo Ladder Beam to Eurocode
Element : Overall Ladder Beam Results
Job Number : R0141 By : eas Date:Aug-12
Document No : 001 Checked :anw Date:Aug-12 Alan white design
Page 43of 45
Overall Graded Results for Allowable Working Loads on an Ladder Beam
For simply supported Apollo Ladder Beam with a compression chord restraint at 1m intervals Alan white design
Test Results
Span(m)
3 6 9 12
Allowable Moment 5.0 9.0 12.1 14.4
Allowable Shear (Load on Vertical) 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.4
Notes: 1. Above allowable loads may be increased by 1.11 for wind loading only
2. This table is provided as a guide only and assume all loads are applied at nodes. All scaffolds and structures should
be checked by a qualified structural engineer.
3. Maximum capacity of a point load mid way between nodes is 11kN but overall buckling of the top chord should be
checked if loads are placed other than at restrained loads. Compression chord restraint required at 1m c/c
4. Restraint point must support both top and bottom booms at restraint location.
Page 44of 45
Graph Summary of Allowable Working Loads for a Ladder Beam to BS EN 1999-1-1
Alan white design
Ladder Beam Loading Capacity to BS EN 1999-1
12.0
10.0
Total UDL
Point)
2.0
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Length of Ladder Beam (m)
Page 45of 45