(205 Tey Ege
ean Gm Ro sid OX 200.08
eh of Te pans oe ed the Aa hs Wk en
seri alc ith he UR Capp Dee mi Paes es
sigs rere pt oh pbnton ny eee edn
‘psc ewe ay fm oy my etn canis mm
oor the, eg at poet UE op
‘esa Pa At a he rm a he ue,
pba 0 Hake hing
aay fC Cg atin Ds
age ey, 9
“Te gh ven nao Tey Engen
Inert es inde
Isoresmsstta appr SN 78a
1, ES Hy noi. Te
capt nt Hog King
ce orn pl a
‘nay cle eas Ftp eal
Scepter ie et pe
For
Franco Morettifof prose sion of rssonable lng ven a
bow a his, however, al 290 rested. Not
fr men prose, Tore are novels to verse, ke
[ugh or isan Sethe The Golden Ge AS for fon,
ton an fat not lays deat. And what cons
Sal? At wot pone dees «novela or Tong short sory
Ait Gide’ The inmontia ly esebed a2 novel
the Duel ax sore ory, bt hey ae ath about
lhe ovelis gee which oss exact efison Thin
lly sking sine anything yee’ for example oF
fue ein. isan ay how apie you have o be
vty, The pine abu the novel, however, et just
Mons tt eee undermines ter tis es
fniyene cannibals ner erry modes nd mies he
omiscousy totes. You can find poety and dramatic
Move ang wh ep, pastoral sate, try cep. tage
eres ieraty nodes Virginia Woolf descebed i
(all forme The nove quote: aries nd ansorme
onvering ster ancetoring mere components ofl
Drip vengeance on them, isthe queen of Merary gees in
let sense ofthe word than ope might esr sound Buk
ive mig meking pot, a mongrel among erry thomogh-
fans te otking can do, Yc vei a ingle
fast for eight hundeat poges. Or can tecunt deEE —
Sewanee eset
Sinton ates
Seetitageane Sued
Suatriatciaeeneeset rs
aoe
re oe carr aetna
paleo eateries
acSvcentgaeetec rere ry
Saieasytecteeersnen Meena
SS
ommesan en
Taner ane meet
eee rte
Stoicnovme teen aie nte cect
syne aree enone eg
[bfeiarvteeneeata ee or
Sennen aed
Som VESoenS aca
Soca
Sateen ee
eee ee
cron eee
mia ee
Cees arenes
Panorama anal
romance wil do he the Vicoran novel, you are ging to
trhappy ending rm the efactry proble ofthe made wo
oats, George Ho, Mandy ad ety te, you en find yng
oer ft ch ar myth, bl, tale and romance, ied
Pyles’ ones ike eal, epotge aycholoi investigation a
ihe novel is romance, however, ka enchanted oe, which
hing enn abo ale desires and eral ali.
fil frye wheres the maser noel nag nat
Te potas a secu, empl word ater tba a mya ot
il net face cle, not Nate othe opera
Phe absct and eternal and eves sn wat tan couch, ste
ny ul eta some segs ed, bu it ae nerves af
tea «ob anon. he noel presents with cng
seperti sory rater than a ed ayo uivense, THe
tte ae oft een, nthe moder er, wer and fewer hings
hat, av every phenomenon, ncadingthe sl, seems historia
wt The novel the or which sory goes all the way down,
This very lent om romance, at Cervantes’ Den Qt makes
[Do Oust, somtimes mitkenly cle he fst nore sin fat es
hott geme thanx novel ve the org of the wove esha a
htc pee of wetng afi whie becomes emily ob
soe an Sancho Pana run arose characters who ave act
at the Cervantes gree workshows us hw the noel comes
Sven ronan Healy, here nthe form of Qubot’s eva ta
fds wih the real word Cervantes was not the fst autor 0
omunce inthis way: the presque novel, wih dowbent,
fo piers, a done eit, a eam emily, Defoe be ene
Tht Den Oise a work which sca aes thisclash between
nl ln a ucts, ta eng Formal is io
re soe place where rome eal and dsencantd elim
Ivor Few phenomena have provoked so moch highflown eto
ao much ier dng ue Cerwater novel res wa coe
fuse, who hasbeen deen nine by acing co many soma,
ls his un bools, ween rem mods books on ie, He es 8
iy. ina book and aks He one too; but siace hea charter 8
Wis anoy alo resi. The novel, then, starts Me as among ete
ir of coment, tl hea a nd fat este sends
hoy fom» had adel eas snp Bet sce novelCO <«LE=L=_—
shone al aus, oy cond Cars
the wo bt deo tk Pa ltr
ihelgug eae cnc cof he tla ak
‘The dose wih apa opr Me apne
$l faith of can wo spas ws Coniey nen
Cervantes ars it he wl gh oh ey nex an md
‘thou thes nba Herre Bt ned sa eat
Jota mich ter isa mistake ok hats bl
Legge ae ery certo he el wer tn bert
der tthe al wo tan nye might be sett con
‘pect tat sient The nahi een ngage dlp
‘Sona pal ne enh se wn eet es
xs eed agi ral cyte wit
‘a ald may be ant tcl oslo, me a
Aion aerate a ae ame el eet
nhenomemlogy Tey maybe move. bate few sree
than ncn of ees of ally
‘One he grt rove to, was of ne, Radin ton
cau ve Jou madi i a ton whch les aes
‘ting the may ihe pen ce ofa
‘wh ay, = uno oe elon wc tb hs
Petals thse ny wa aes Conese oe,
‘hes not exper inet ob nn icant ee etn
Isom Ben Quit He mort Neves
‘ce hey dont nage te hem eng aT
Sue he me me he eng op Rees pe
Sharer bos cat ea ntsc tah oa er
“i imkerperin pr! of ut mea err
to be pre sembly cb gmt emg oe he
tue hts ned the pln mace yD ute el Ye
‘mance at noi espe spp, als
‘Langs aro nich ox Qs coe ot on Pu oa
can belee hats woman ct nd bene wn a
1 edo ue co ey he Ro eo
Sound ig enough ty sem of umn we eed
"ecome tym or hao you tml ou wih Pasty ah
‘om stg ough tots apd a ee
Saving pte wn rt plese w aetna at aa
isan men te rac ey our deen sere
vith wh bes or egs upon i Anaels re dhoxe wo
fr use hte own Hea Tensor of mora astigmatism ei
hat Qusot's ow erat inst, only enough, aes tbe
fa deveion othe eolecve asl oles ofthe eal od.
Mares something oinble dot Wear” Qusoe's own Meal
rotting the Por and doses = bt abo somabing absurd. So
tos a mate of bel 9 yi rater dan anes, bt of upbol
ude els nthe sae beth. Those who canoe see the world
ne Mel to wreak grotemue damage opon fe Literary, orl and.
Joel ela al uly ined. a Quine’ ape, sy
hfiely connected scl pigs. Aman eho can mastake an
en fr hig born mae sao romeane who assumes that
ves hin ving, Power nami to de ae. But aay i
nrc the cone lesble commodiy’ a the priest observes
non pt of the novel. Marvels an be muh are po ranger
voter aay monies eat frown setlaerving em ad
te shige of commercial pubisting, manipulates fantasy fo ts
fiers.
it woald appear, sox of favour because the onary reader
ue soi and extravagant, The toy tha he novelas form
fo the commun Ii, wherear he comsmon people themselves
the monsio milous. Quite’ cae sons ara Kind
sys of poplar rapesio. The common peple donot
Tine own fe nthe micro a. They have gute enough
Hie inter working hours without wanking to contemplate It
Mite tne as we. Labourers ace more ey 0 ee faa
Speyers Certs ret econ that she bouring masses need
1 lls bead erent ar mach wook they eed to ee
Te bles ba the plays sould be censored wo slp chem of thie
iyapnes, sel only he elated ete who prefer tei art
lend rc to Nature. Cervantes gs wins Mens serous
nis by ising on the versimitudeof hi wring om probbll
Vn’ asthe canon puts whe athe same ee catty
iver pling fantasies by creating hero who acs them out.
els ihe gese wich fire the common ie, aso the frm
Malo te thir st vere ad conltng The nove from
Wool rece of modery, and mosey is the ped in
anno gi even on fundamen Ou les and bei are
Mn denn, andthe novel nef tis conden. theEE _____——
ot hd fear forms «space wh ett le toe ae
teliefsystems continually colle, Besse of ths 0 ene of he ca pe
dominate without a srogye The el ove gue ofien tows is wee
hin a pula way of sein tbe wo ti elt ts
‘very fon Isis rom one penpecive to another, hare maine
‘tious characters intr, a ws aur sympathy for nes ad characters
1 ind eiscomforing by bringing the so vil ali. ae hi oe
reason why the form was orginally gested wih ach supcon, tg
tre reais can make @ ean comrade ofthe devi himself
For Mihail aii, the nove testo eng and lnppesr agai, the
sve dreading is way through a neste fndape: Tou ee Be
thins, when a cenaed iterary, gic i pola eur sin.
ringt crumbles when the vr an idole ene can oer
ho asin Helene Greece, imps Rome othe waning othe medial
Chore, cas Bakhtin nds the novel emersing Monolthic plc, Ingul
te and earl fons ae giving way o what Bain ab hetero
cr inguiic dvr, ahs epost ave all by the novel Int
‘ew; the, the novel laberety antrmaie eis» maverick fer
xpi of al authoritarian cis to rth, No dou this makes it sound
‘90 inerely ubversive, There snot mach ofthe vei sb Safed
Burk or much Inguins eratyin The Waves In any eae otal dversy
icra all aorky opresiv. Yer Bain surely ight sce the
‘ove ar emerging fiom the seam of uur dipping withthe shards and
figment of ther fms ie artic on the ap areal ihe?
‘ural ifeforms an tis means hati has cla negative Mey I
ising of lngages and form of es «mal of mee oct. nat
simply a refeeson on
gel sw the noel asthe ep af prose mre work eh all the
‘ange and populous of the el, without, fr the mapa spe
nti mension. The novel eemes thecal eco ts consi
dnt manative, drumase action sta he mei wo. ler on
‘it however, in einga dcr ofthe psc rather tan ofthe pas Fo
the move i sore alla emperor ets ery name sagt To th
‘tent, ith more in common wth The Tins than wh Home. When
was fo he pst ies fen to wet a he pchisoy othe preset Eve
the histori novel ic gently coded reecton on the preent, he novel
isthe mythology of cso ited by his own every xine
Ssnether behind or ahead fis anes, ba abreast ofthe I eflets them
thou morbid nostalgia or elanory hope ethene erry resi
or ea elfen sala! ph meas het he
novel polly peaking, othe nt peer acon ot
onset pe Home to
eb s rset wich away ne pes of cane sa
Puy ner than an cero penonoeon ba ce change
this worn, snot tke king ne eer
theresa dict modem rm, whatever acne pede,
puri base tes ob uray th at To be made meas
Mee tothe ps everything tat happened upto 10 mites 9p.
yt only epr which actly Stier el vacuo enh
Hp todiencs ea halos aloes. he moder seid by
verve with is porsage tii esting expen ec
atone fo which reas with tons od
urtanet vty on the parce ed by coor, melo
fe wtgty elign or command ha clined 0 he
se hn tos, which esc cole pris
stcing. Wires the epic bea he gute of mo one ator,
bens he ingens fan indo wre known 8 es
fe wh ass il alo rented othe eof phism,
evome to verse tobe unifl.The more value thee ae he
fe pelem roe ot become
el was bom these ie at moder sence and shares its
Air, hn bade pte along wth upon of
uty Dut ths mee tha, king abort ose se
Wnts, Having al aoa sore of aux, mse
fave abort now sas no cooing Yous
Ib econ Se orig youre
oie nw feat, he word nore Wook! uggs
rests th the moves anther ungrounded antigo
fi swat ender eprom, noel 4
ie der human sige ho, "orga the sere that
en! women se spond to be the aor of the own
Who you ars no lone tern by kp wadiion ot
uj. scat werhing yo determine for youselt. Modern
ke he ers mr nove make temsles up 25 hey >
hye selon and ee dtrming an nt Be he
lie econ, however, gl, ppv kd of fe
ok any macy Reon Ter ong ithe acta
hep. Ae vale as evap fom the weed in theEE —
‘der ag wih s what makes foe ume dam, Bue Wao wh
‘ender that freedoms ene. eveytg spent only be
‘thing tical nore vale than anti ee
‘We have nen tht the novel and she ple fern heir asco dhe
is. Ba there ic anathe ey disnton bere them, The pede with
‘vor of nobles and ary heroes, wheres the novel deals wi the
‘common fe. Ils the eat popular genre, he oe anes erry me
thick seas the langage ofthe people. The novel isthe gent vera
leary at, which draws upon the murs of ndnary speech ater ha
some speciazed leary lngsge eno the ie sry form in Which
‘he canon people soe am appearance. Bucs the Fe ost hem wa
unvaveing serious. Ou cantemporary version of thi no doe te
‘oap opr, which we enjoy not so much fo he caso daa tm
ff plo ut because we find the fain an everyday 4 srange source of
fascination in Well. The modern eqns of Mal Faas Eat
"The saggerng popula of Realty TY programmes which cos Spy
in someane prteingminiemly ard hs kichen kr hous on en
bs one imresing uth: hs many of fi he pleases of he ate
‘nd tepeitve even more edutiv than we do the sila fave
‘Theva of everyday lie the theme of one of the greatest works a
herr cholahip eves pulsed ae Auerbach’ Mins’ Bor Seach
realism theta fom wh ds the wordy ef men an woe
‘supremely whale ae One ofthe etna example ofthis n Engh
‘wring eam be found in Wordsworth and Cleric Blla,eh
In howevericalzing form peaks op fr the commen ie a source of
eatin. The nove or Auerbach fan incplly democrat kid of a
owe to what he ses asthe sate, hierarchic dekstoriczed. sola
‘chav at of anil angi. To adopt Waller Benjamins er
mar form whieh destroys he ‘nu of dance and rajeaty which digs
to such csscal artefacts, bringing Me coer tou rte hin rang
‘yun oor reach Author in me sore high mars fo Being aa
‘gor, earthy, dynam, demos, gorenqu and erly mid nd
se rapped smaly over che Kaul for blag sige eit, sealed
stereotyped and non deveepnent
“Tere ly 40 Anetbach args, no seous tcstment of the comm
people in she cure of hassel ang. Cont hs with 2 eke he
‘New Tesament, which grants a humble German lke Peter penal
tne sas, According the philosopher Charles Taya, was Chita
‘ay which is inweduced the revoltonay noon tat every ie oll
ds iv Auch apg, ee Chetan gpa, with
1 Goda cums the poor and dese i eamialeaque
igh and ow, which proves the source of reas’ eeeanion
commonplace. Yor
yo etd the hungry snd vk the de oe of sme esos ul
Ina hind of ik ke of « Mew, prady of eal pomp ashe es
a i a death ae» pil enna,
{heaven of els, the, the comin people ok her ele
ir nto the Mary aens, tng before they make an appearance on
lies! sage sone of the momentous evens of aman hotry
ine now tke cally for granted Is aed or wt tk orseves
Io cule for which, sy. relions between parents ad cee,
ry economic Me, we of ie artpi mee. Auerbach a Jewish
[ro Her, was wing sour th noel whi inex in sana
ame tine akan wa ang abot a Asien in Sens
bth en sn populate pi ator power In
fo leben cae nourishes for of reo inde casi,
and ler och ad hese aly Borst through note mai
ih Mera nthe shape ofthe noel.
ite prlens with eese chim. For one thing, alien andthe
Te nt the sare thing, Not all eam novels, as Auerbach ic
otal novels ane eal: Nor o all novel senack ofa plebein
Me b nor mich ean next the Binge of Me Kaiey
lly. nyc, caries by no means lays subversive.
ff a otra simpy Because Ie ports the experience of
eur is sometimes ett the nd fea whith kes the
vet ad ssoreevesg the Boron ofthe socal wero
fred mcs neces Soap. Dat dhs assumes hat,
is insensive to sca epteation only Besse they ae unaware
his for oo hatable# view of them. alm Inthe sense of
fae tr o eis ae neces seoltionay. Ae Berk
ond, pting + fory em Sage wl el] you nothing about
i mans showing the wold i ely ister than how some
hyn peso mater hight concened of then We ae
Arto snc how the world ee abet of ere conertion.
on itr cviaton were to dacovera copy of Samuel Rekt’s
which two elery characters sped ther tme sting in
Mey would not beable to tll wheter the play ws elit otEEE —
nonsestsin yokg.at They wold eo:
hte shingle syn a apa aie
Inmwenehcotay Eup
oc meng et cok ht ss el hig ae
tect cane resi brn frei Oi Ponca cl
‘io evict mene fie to ase wl af
Stes child bc onsen ei tb
trie any ter in of wer who wat amd et mg
incl prses mach Ase are ney pu he
‘en se ou ows rly have wren "Aco el Sy ee
fom unde the ne fe, win cen such deacon Be pt
‘ey ons om the ew fh hy ae es
“Tiss They hae or Fey ames vet“ ee
2s, en aed congener whch es
inte tt sy whe wed hat is tar aa pee
iiss hough epmeratons hve cme ope tae sae
slg hough hem 9 rey Ha Te steepest So
‘em woul be ve whch wt tee wih wtf pee, Ba
thn no tne etree sal pete
worries sd wn ot Besos
Fpecgreer
or some commit, rio na actualy more re a
reity fe became now how the werd ay om
Sade and eninge Rey hess pee
en fe ne sp or espcton tn ther it owed
Naw sik the con ner thn ln te dh ae
fr Chae Dis ws see feted mbt coh
ian aacottie bt ing. hy allowed Pesy ne
‘aware te Noel Pee rm chen sour nel ag
‘sivepetig ai nei wouldve huge aes pohe g
«asa plece of black humour, aa —
Itt dmgron, sen ak bout a a repeating ral
sor thet oh om pre
‘esto bet oy es ser eeo o
‘stot compte eeu th ely to check Row aie
frac nat we mem by "ey tole uo of ep
ten. way, inpesin abnte speneon W
wesomtuy antag fa pork copoly po
Pont dos base wee tel wi eto be
we of facnaan with aso a
which as dee nthe hua rye, whch ies tthe oo
Tnchaense eal, wich Averbach es athe mos natre of
yao Bethe ros regressive. What ws nerd san aerate
tin mystery may isl be opine example of tem
novel ae rast, bu alin he dominant ofthe aden
vel alo the yank fo many etal jadgemens. Lie
sho ae not "ais, i the sense of Being cede, an
lire and pycologaly comple, ae generly awarded
hab the cra ebshmen. ee not ear where ti leaves
Tees the Mich witches Mites God S's Galler
Jin or Becket’ ose Real ia Mad of at congenial to 29
iil sy, with ee oe he mater war pane
Yon cremnal an metaphysis eth cast about
ial wel fh io szocal progress nis dass sudy
fhe Now fm Wate regards al of these as tesons wy the
linn emerge in the egheedh centr. He alo adduces
nero intial poycholoy, kr eculeand emp
wlan is devotion othe concrete and specie: Aafia the
1 conver alo worth neing that de novel nota
Hom ke thse masyes ode o cles weiten~ perhaps fe
lepton = for ape ocaions. Ths, 0, sa ark ofits
her ha paca tt
ghee cenary commentators the anor to the question
oval? would be "Athy pce of Seton nly formants
Jn th dint, Jacke Cle write novel but Wir
ot Fr these ea observer, the novel wat es ike the The
Nero he Wari was alo Hee newspaper bcos wat
lyon wsly bought and ead only once, as opposed 1 the
act of prssing asl th of efng works which
yr and over apn. The avel Belong to a neve world of
uy and capably, paying someting ike te role of
frit conespondce “Nove mean sesaonalie its,
ston iy wokers Me ene eng nd Saal Richardson
he store ie
Many geemen id ot by and ge sate nowy very
fo they did thatthe fe tut neccesy toa welloneret
dongs bee aparenc The new was thus bound to Be
Iv Whatever wy all was also venerable, The novel‘wasnt herr’ ad eentainly not ae Te ative
‘was a reaife one ~ that you had stumbled sere ch ale of mou
Jeers or mans was away of nding hat fa Ht oma
ge. Even your cli wat no tke sexo, sin kink 9a
‘vay of being taken seu
Inthe end he Brglsh novel woul wrest vengeance on tse wh
lisse it asf ony for emales by producing sme magnet portayal
‘of women, fom Clas Hatowe and Eine Wooshouse to Ml loom
snd Mrs Ramsay. aso produce some dotingushed femal exponents of
the crt. Asa form woul gow in importance a poetry Bene ore
Ing privatised As pocry gly ene tobe a pale genre omewhese|
‘between Sbely and Swinburne ts moral and sacl income ps othe
rove inane dvi of rary abo, By the midnineteeath enn,
the word oct’ has Became more oles synonymous wath he inet
the persana, he spinal or ppehologcl aways which woul! no doula
Ine come a5. mighty supe to Dane, Mon snd Pope. The oct his
‘now been redefined a the oppose ofthe sai, dicurv, dota ap
‘oneeptul al of whic has bee relegated to pene eto. The ove kes
‘ae ofthe outer ward we poe copes wth he imer one Ils no a
Atncton which Henry Fingal Ren Jonson, wold have fou
ll tha nelle. ‘The very diane heren the tw moder fle
‘owing alenon betwee the pu andthe pvt,
“he pcm for oct i that seme ncn roe fo
{minds eps sociey coming to define fe There sno obvi
place forthe Ic ina world of surance companies and a roel
‘ment pies The phate [poete josie” realy men he Kind of jute
‘would noc expect to ee done rei Me, There however, an eal od
lem with the noel very closreeto scl extence, he nove alt
‘oF i’ bow cant ceach us more general ath This a pata poben|
for devoy Protestant dghteasentry author ie Sauel Rican
fer whom the aie of ton only rely jute il convey a ore
‘out, Otherwise is le, een sia any.
The dilemma f thatthe more gic you make yor els, the
‘is eves the mora ruth home; but the moze smalaneoly unde
‘nines since the reader Becomes more atv t the reais deta a
to the univer uth ti ear oexempi. Thee in ated pre
here, You cant 82 abel, ange tht the wold shold be chan
in certain respects wes you demic whit s wrung wth es comp
lng a pombe, Ba the more flee you do this te es change
‘nay come 1 seekers’ later novels portray a soley 40
ape an aig prev ha har ose how cou be
ion Kaew thi i readg the eae novel, we lleved a
i is iso atone al he sre ne, We surener orseles
ily ote atv, the sane tinea ater par our inde
ies tht hissy ke hen. Reardon pes is pte
ondence of that Kd ef isola, which ton wei ener
eu with) even di we know eto be son”. eas though he pare
in hs nos taken aby the story eto rele on and dae
es fn th wy, sea can be eserved, bt can ao
er, deeper facto, Writing af is novel Cars, Rchrdson
ns that he watts toting ts Preice which would prove that the
rs ton, bur athe doce not want to be ow genuine ees
apie the eas quandary esc. The eader mise no be tld
Tonk is fion, sins thi ight nermine x power. Bats readers
ly ike tt be el hs in un mig iii exemplary force
Thenbecome ikea newspaper report ofa acta pe ater than
om on virtue, vice an eal power i general
ot ist moicaly minded achorsHke Richardson who coniont
lem. Pat of what we mean by 2 work of fcton is one which
Mhe reer daw ome general efletons fom it tory. This it
gh 'No Fi ine 3 work a con, bough you could ur into
Ip enogh by sean sy, a8 4 commen on he star cofine-
fie vel As ara craving gene mpasons pcs, a ele ory
cl ws So Bon does nox exc mes not ue’ It means
he ator (eter se ae erated sucha way a0 make
Ha ios sigcance beyond sel? Tsay ns be the stappese
Tal steam sos owe ‘eeary” stats, as though sch a
siping yi very seGconscouew “Dont eke this eral
toh, weve, would Be to ik lang the ypc fhe
lo elt esi how fon may bea pent sours of Mek
te inci of eeogy sto resent pes skuton as though
nies eh a parca bunch of scokboys eailp in
five when washed up what pecs an rk ton
i hs goes to semonstate tht all human begs ae sees
the shi ___—
Realm and the exempt would hus wen ful a tee IF
Twit is just Oliver Twas e fel the fal fore oF chat. Yet ths
‘character does not seem to ave ay deeper sym denon, We know
him nthe sue way re now these ier net dor = ma wh She
sl sia les looks ety normal nd nonexse, Bepsslto bi|
sel ba always at polite word or you when you mec. Yet fers
‘Siler of heaesess and eppresion, then this despens his nine
‘nly at the i ofthinlng out bu parclary,Prased to an exer,
‘would tum him into a mere aegory. Exempla without els
‘empey, wheres ree without exemplars ling
‘Wha we il sions the place where dhe two ae supposed to converge
yon set out to put 2 portal f sy the wks of the legal seem
then fiction is probably the mas efective way of dng, sine allo
you so eit, select, wanspoee and reamunge, in way which mos fall
hight the expel etre fee non Real fe acount of aly
Jes and the like would pba ean oo nich tha wa vi nl
‘ran repetitive rnc to our purpose. iin thier ht tn
'ssometines came tbe more real than ele. Ifyou ae to une tha
‘hie aspects of an event or invdua i a enget an economical way
she, you may wel ind yourself eesingspotaneosly int tion,
ty fd youre venting stan hich te pc ae
Ini casi ty of the novel The Gra tn the i, Ley
eins a rly great novel neo chi ay at play what he
‘reverent opennes before Mi, and mat eal an ong fom. Th
‘rouble hat these ewo requirement re noe easy compatible with
‘tes: Or rath, hey would only be tal comma "tal
to reveal an organ form The nove coal hen be revere ope! 1
thor going Baggy could be both repcsenttional and orally wie
‘The history ofthe nove, however, i Belle bythe prble of bel
‘otha he same time, Ip the modes er npr ~ the ped
novel est flourishing human fe sem lee and eo bave an
ot design to 0 bow ae the designs imponed upon iby noel ot
be implasiy artis How are sey no ofl the novels elie
presenti funcon® How ithe viry phenomenon ofthe novel
‘tobe a monstrous elfcontadson? Now preset ws with hock
objective images ofthe wool, ye we know fr a fa that thes
tne subjetvely shaped. In ths sen, the now! anion, sel
ee I fm seems aos wih come redecom o's contin
“The ina nove ob fou ugg wih ss dicly a oon a
erg hos ihe Defer and Ron acl the problem by mt
Form repsenason. Dee sercely even tes 1 shape his tion
Mscan ole nse, the frees of he narton reflect
sherds objet The gap berween oem ad ortent
sy elleaively dishing the former. Richarson tks a ida path
ele wing the moment, a tchaigue which nels his
rien recording tbe experiences sey happen. A Richaron chara.
Svhinve ing bith won most cerly havea pen and notaboo
runes ence pin, conte ie what gies shape t0 Yorn
isnovel ar by no mens loose and baggy a8 Def’, bu they
fe rupulos about not filpng Tne experience by fit 100
fea ant shape upon The plows purtan sacral sulci
ts He ao mucous ofa seo Toms o conventions
ht neon themes between Bi ad isin Me, His inner
hei fine ig oF saleation, and 0 must be accesible him
isa inmeny
Heng takes he oppose way ov, cheesfily ackrowiedyng
tlc of notes, an een nie tenon wo he wD
finn and coer rather than seking to conceal. With com
rupert rh ede’ geemanly good sense, ing doesnot
Tolorgt har weaein novel, attempt o pull some cheap co
Ii ction He svar, fr example, that whe the require
oval ds egies ha hi line mee icky end and is
pe happiness, his fom comical at oa wth he axl
Ser an uns soc, you cannot represent thingy a they
es hronious design athe mee aman ws,
ls one aon why this gap Denween fore and coment can
ved
yo con resolve a eng and ns successors fen do but
the reer avare that thi teconcing of form and coment
eat bone you are a ove Isnt be akan fo
suey ich why the novel a one fm. In een
[al sil testi eae rom fs the aca wel,
un arson Ades woud prob ave ended pi atch
vat Al te sae, theft hat we ave aging of such
ven isp Sona repesents and oF topan hopeLE ___—
he noel a woplan image ~ non wha ep which ean be
savesome enous but nthe very ato representation ah ae which at
‘mos ective shapes the worl nto meaning wih no dient oy ea
fy. In this, to mate i al orl at
Laurence Sere so the impasslty freconling for a aly
snd plac om the dry one ofthe peste aot fa ie
Tstrim Shans. Tera the marti, cannot give a tae count
is cao Me history and athe ssn hon shape i
story thu fil pat atthe scams ork dhe oie that rests sl
econstacting enterprise. As Ralend Barthes comment
“The alo prs an ti ene en eae ym
seat it y word tar hres soy often ip
tyra neue nve hs anh ba de eal ise of ese ed
Til ey now, wth cating yea rae quem
stom anal cms se dese ore ponte
Whe novels the moder epi, i in Goong Ll ous se, the
epic of word abandoned by Ga? Hamat sve for sense ad iy
'ge wha things longer sem to hrbour any inberent meaning ot ale
Meaning sao longer ersten into empl experience “cy the
who can say when before” andar, Robert Mul ccresin vl
two of The Maw Without Quer Ax soon at such mance
‘recunting evens fn croasogcal order, Mist goes on, he fe conte
feven if moment ago he was weing in agony In thle tosh
‘eirown ives, Mus cones, most people behave ike nates hy i
nord sequence of evens bcnse thie look feces sbout
‘ony poem that the mader wore now become non-native
‘Oe way tn which the novel mck overcome th deal by
es of racer ‘Character gers it uy varied ange f event
perience What ols these diverse experiences tothe theft.
they all happen to you. Another way i though the at of aating
‘which involves pattern and cont bt ao change and irene Ny
tv implies a kindof necesty, as ease and ee, ston a eat
sre lnk local 1 each other. Nama ders the wor im sh
‘whch seems to emerge spotzneny fom
Yet every nati ines hae one ould aways have tl the
Airey; so thet deste tof ect, every naive cmtn
Reaity wil accommodate 3 whole number ote show isla wl
af worth te fom the ie. "There cull neve be soe
father as there could never be pst one word ne number For many
at thee so longer one bg nar embeded in he wend
Wick we simply need the sil to decipher. And at ths Becomes
pot becom ste evs porte wo the novel. The fact ta
Inert on» search, qos voyage sugsts hat meaning Is
een in advance hy te tine of Leopold Bhom's olless per
in Use heres no longer even a seach for anything Motion
ety mich forts own sake. Narre ghee Bagments of the
spy, which i way ofabaping the nile
wl. iy wring does the same at a more collect
Mpifence, as ane event flows cn the Bel of aneer with 20
fa Between them, Deis noel ae a cae po
vel eas ou fcr, he modems wer be ony rule
ining a thse which we invent fo ounces Poly pene
Tekno a denna, We are sete fom beng mere Fanos
i of Gi ewe who pve form and meaning realy bd
Ti mol of this reve at. AS the novel conjtes 2 new
ten, a profine parody of Gs creation, wesc nd
hs er nae i hitory, For ome commenters,
Teles the novel mow rly real What reflec most
Tero he wo bt che way im wich the won comes st
Toyo bestowing fn ands pone The novel ome ew
eae not hea can lost hear he sages sing
ie reveals the th hat all betty st roe
re ett outees, doesnot al knowledge Become a pone
Aree we simply knowing canals rather thas ely
wos, haw can eave authority? The that help
Into een mks mare precious, bu I alo what
rine ts ceive vale. We wil sce something oF ie
inthe Boon of Vita Woot
ning ede doc nse saas, then there i sense
fg ane no rely the eo at all Ths eaves ae
uj Wabi reduces ely to a elm of eject whichEE —
have ben drsne of meaning But ube wold dine of ewig. the
human beng have no place which they can at pare al |
‘ammo aie her ale practic. And he les hy andthe more
they begin to negate fom the nse As ely blend of ah
s0 the human psyche begins to implode. What we ae le with a ua
‘being eho i vane bat una in worl whi i old bt vals,
ming and value are diven from the plc woe which nove
soulless expanse of neural fc, and hrs dep in the incon ote
Jnuman subject, wher hey ll ba vanish The worl thus ved down
the mide Berween fact a ae, abt and pate, bjt tl meaning,
"This for Georg Laks in Theoryf he Now the anne como oh
moder ag. which the novel fesse arm.
How can you tell astery in sch asta I ecms ess and es poste
to place a nanane fom a world of ise, dacomnected objec S the
ves can tm Snead w dhe ier Bat thie ae been even in|
‘pen se beating reuet fom a soulless work ant thas come
subse and densely tered the proces tht it resi anything af
strsitacetng and tealring atmtaive: We shal wth the se
tenes ofthe ater Henry James, wich uy toy everything t once witha
‘imply loaning 0 the exter world Becoming too por fo a
the and the steal one to rch, Nama of the inner word ae
problem because the human psyche no Inger seme nea aaa
Ait when what matered was who your ancestors were and whee 9
‘woul ans iiete eo your nm iden Intend, pla
‘where pas, present and future stock, wth no cer fon be
them, Nor wil he ine if peovde you wth any sare way of ding
Ing beween what isgacant and what note what toh have
coinmon ida they happen to yon The ltr monologues of Lee
‘nd Molly loom in Joys Use ar cise in pin. This depen
eral css of val, a al experience cem tobe med prom
togehe,
Tor Laks, hen the novel the prod ofa llented wold Ye
Is alo «utopian respon tof Alenation is the condson In which
tou women fl tengnie the objective word as thei own mbjeth
‘rein. Yet the very ast of wing 4 novel an alee to
onion, since a novels ‘sieve isk of the word is oe rot
the aljecvity oft author The ac of wring cos the horde et
subjective and objetve. The novel one of the ew objects in a re
society which manifests every objive deta the subjective ea
aii miaaemamieeal
Awa bor, thane Yr etn an Be een a a
tan ose ol pobre
non wih Laks dpc Thy the ov er fhe
entry moder noe! ha fe tense rest
pat wes of etcn-cenry eam os eed Pe
Filan ol ev lee fe a,j aa be
en ter, lan soe however mc he laos
ue stain A sch ny ng on boon, mami epee
as try. hs try which Lahde Ie wrk om er
nr entra vestige soy when mea i
hon ear ce onc wih thigh en he oe oF
ph cnuy tothe endo the Fe Word War tae erry
iv he nove shits Fom Seng = primary coms 02
ay age
nud the ey Lkicr’s dessin ofthe noel on becomes
Troe apc iran ae which an no longer shape he cna
lag no «cent whe, ead we sal sen he
ls Hs lene Je Jn Cod ae confi oe 208
ui th cy of the novel ae They rel ee
ie bak ttn th ole of marie, he une
the tl of sgt snips tbe oy of wae, the
foyer meaning “Orga enw so wana, or
Mirren oh a or th work
Hyer yer rene red. The oder wr sw
Toe novel ooh to ays at i ab beets
ier of Cet Ss, nec
WM Foes tr cre Vpn Wo tone
uel ees net pry cre
iy he ein hating pa
ror cscy ne ne ct ono a
Bote es actcac restore. megan
Petr ttt npn mp eng
nee ngs aly ted eo
ie ee oa eh
i sn rte oo
Dain wih one ol he proce ow peEO
‘donor an expensive csc diction saute ees val
leo groups ke women, who had bee chested oh an cation and
‘Sha ut rom such ape,
‘Wore alo blk! lage among novel writers Deas the novel a
supposed to be a elie about the ner He st wa about the ote
‘Women. sereorpialy viewed as eastodans of the feng o techakan
ofthe hea, were thus obvious andes for producing. This wasn
however, imply a matter of stereaeyping Like al soc groups under the |
Sn decipher sgn of power, symm of dates, ara or dang
usazas fay Al he nt ac to the wating offen, ven
‘ame sof tle lends te eo Beng sce gent
Intense, the novel festze a ritance to autho athe vey
‘hat was Becoming a tesoutel neu of made cls extra po
Wie served middleclass soy 30 spery, war not kn the i pl
‘cae i championed the aus of mill wner or fishioned deren
steeorypes of srking workers. is cise became the supreme
‘eater, nthe phere of etal representations, of what was to coun =
‘nthe is place. And ths version of rey involNed an encoun
of eing ad exhivene Ie alo involved cera ognized oe
‘wreaked on lngunge. Part of the nova ape wat that seme
{0 accommesdat evry jag, argoe and iim. yet spoke no spell
language ofits own, Instead, informed dseoune to st cout
the common lnguage fs spec plae and sie. And this epee
genuine democrat advance Rater than snp ellen ney
Toweve, the novel abo beled 0 dea up the ue or what a
ay acceptable: and ke a ach rls this involve «good eal
jude and eoercveness
Insome scot ofthe novel, ab ivored a certain a ose