a Food and sgrigutagakh tnthisunit (© studying the impact of agricultural inventions and developments ‘© Past Simple vPresent Perfect '@ how to begin a presentation © scanning a text for required information 1 Complete the text about the history of tractors. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense, Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple, active ot passive, Tractors __ (use) on farms since the start of the twentieth century. The first mechanical implements 2 (draw) by horse, Around 1920, petrol-engined tractors begin} to replace the horse. These early tractors. : (pull) implements froma drawbar. Around 1940, tractors (begin) tousea hydraulic it system, In addition. tt _. * (be) possible for farmers tousea power take-off shaft for trailed implements,suchas manure spreaders. Since the early 19505, th improvements in design. There __ (be) changes in the tractor cab, making it safer and more comfortable. Computer systems (make) it possible for farmers to check on operations. ‘The engine power for tractors _ (increase) over the years. For many years it 8 (be) 20-40hp, but it ——___—_" {rise) to over 120hp, and sometimes over 200hp, (be) many 2 Use the notes towrite sentences in the Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous. 1 He/ work /on this project /since joining the company. 2. How much field data / you /collect? 3 ErikandAL/ study / agriculture /fortwo years and they are really enjoying it. 4. They / design /a robot system to kill weeds and they / demonstrate /it to potential manufacturers over the last few weeks. 5. Since the 1980s manufacturers / made / a numbe: improvements in design © They / not / use / this machine forlong They still need some time to get used tot Listening Precision agriculture Look at the pictures, What doyou understand by the term precision agriculture? wat jay SES SSeS ee bed 2 G ustento Barry Stones, an Agricultural Engineer. talkangabout precision agnicultureand se f your ideas were ight 3G Ustenagainand answer the questions, 1 What sorts of variations could there be in afield? 2 Whyisitnotagood idea to apply field uniformly? hemicals toa 3. Inwhat ways caninformation about the field be collected? 4. What example does Barry give to show the that canbe made? nd disadvantayes of the two 4 Note the advantag: systems for collecting information Then listen again answers, tocomplete and civeck yc Advantages DisadvantagesRael Anlote render Salome Food and agh ullore, aytel bre pore Pion (Ie de thee been used Si Bayan Tr Hawe made Le pews abner —— doz tas Srcrectsed 18> Began Na Bed Bp Have been b= tas Pen [Le sets been weeding on tlt, cnayeel ace pining the toryoarte ler tos much Coed dhe fr bare youcotlecd 2 Dr €ek and A have oludying —ageted) ee Cor tava years and Ebley are really enjoy Ye — CE [asa hey have —destqred a retoé 6§stem to Ktll_weede and they hove been lames ber tony 94 to mo-lenda) ena brews lover_the nel few weeks. 5 Stnce the 1960s mane tredicers Ive made a numbers lol tanpro ve ments Pace s?gnre _ - ler They —havew l been ustig thts macline for long. Thay 96 need some time to get used to td. fo lenny - Te alad gor onckestand by the berm pracsston ated bie? Tc dkvstand thal *¢ % the Pmatemen ba kvo 0 bechosleyy en the Folds of ayrecdéire asin the poll maite bony of Gwe teetga bios 0, the amy oF ohn Hinge S| a | || Prec? Son -ag seul duce Ps ng Gh bole on coop len a ' agteal heal epetemen L becuse be lero (tte excl aero of che meals and seed lo use. Seo aye ZZz = b> Groetug scala) oe the soe} Qn tt wold bea Ba Using sabe Wel. 4x s02e te she ecbmohoy pttag more tcl eee to te blue. + pemurees - —_ Loctnetd eseal. = | a= —_ : -— A dean la ge: pebn Fac mers tein mon lee Ling Crom one. | Berean. ___ [2= Doitbs amore \dekavhed teu as yo pe | fo clear bye Rom, Dts advandages —| Ins nol parttle lo | cles lengetch some Lh Eng bur The egetpment msl bo very pene? lve. and make the adpslmen tl ge tehly «