17 ‘The Mobility of Aboriginal Religion* Brich Kolig fost by ne Set srting new bu iii wth aso dos ane {compl on frvecing communicators meterk i hey be fo ace he “aynamier of rllaustansnion’ the Fee Be Ilo ince the rein say an nportant motor fre ee Sesnrtod sed bcs Biro of the m Bi wes hgh bed router ts commas els by cot Abornes hing Fence, ey aed the ly ade tn at excang and tad sft ely pecs The eommunceons etvorknow coms numerous setdeent and sacs fom the co Wer Australi the Norther Teitoy. The Aborghes ay these sipecs oftheir ellos Bf and vesk to devel them een fat ei en i he ht of riteBich le Saher, inesiying interchange and extending commutictions ny ‘nade commnhien vere Bel ee erent tec pee eteon dite rape sd commetitn, fie marine tha taker place now Although Being ids pecan, SS the moat common form of tome, many” Aborigines hae nny Tele the poplar dem of owsing ther own ca The ca teal oe othe net model, and when you se ther ou ap Gallen Gals’ nor word and yr a conmeniy hae llbed toetier 10 parchne {eanhand Landsever or tall tk oF wit van forthe ey fupoe of crying out Holga. Loaded othe ae EAD copter with ling wie ad opi, hee vices mage Covet vat dane. Prlly dating the met eso, ucla ‘Sih ligt commuters and comoye of sumer sal idly ‘ie cam san shou, covering hundreds of kllometes for ey ‘pes pps of atienng tyrant ans onion crtemonig ete o that, Other cr loded thse bjt ae en oto sere ions, to cndeinly tre the preous laud om oe Plct to anchor ene poage seer henied meres amy Th Trg tad ean o the Aborigines ny, lent slays 9 be talen Mera. Many a cir does aot sake and hee a wea Novwithanding thre aot Saez machps, ee th techie nicked maby tha shaper te ee of the comet liu Ki Technology makes it pouible to tamale eligi fom ooe plc tothe sme ofa few dpe or hoa tenable banked Tamrerow, Now ci pomible ve tear sda oe + myth or sme thing that nates fom yy Yuendame or Hooker Creek 0 (hata ek na day o eva (Of cour, Aborgs deem of yet sper form eat would fares improve regs oie. A few pevege oes yy pla inoperleeeumtinca, or earl et medal eae of oad inputant conferences Aod A fish why Aborigine dram of ‘ying ou al hi lips alii ar ay. They ave bod ‘hon noc only of fa, moder tacks but of plane and bulcopes Yo bonport te fil end tet pope. ately ts Tet of srjet revel uve Bb corey the ahh SE Ho sis wd bento be tl i mc lft oe petued ‘n merecomcsiir in lg quis sad the ovo aE eee mere gr Pir arate of for doje comprnton oc the cred ours dled heumssr, ar hee tem foe, wal bn beping with be way neh ekdon of fetgows inrchange One i the ek season, wich ha ted fe reeotday sgn mobi. Inthe tenets ou orgy te 10 each ote came topter forthe Br near the psa conor extern by Eropens lion atecig: pe be «wma ee Craduly, te sed ot of Abgr bg eee ea ge pmee ade erode Bo tgp onttien ar heed, Reda ii, Braid sfvand by mde enn copirmry te Bice Ie promuingrlgloar mbliyAboopoer ekg werk ich oterqoops and tees reprony. Indus mon, Fe co ha he comands thc safes ac oge mnt “The otker rot of rou exchange reaches back nto pre Bropen nen There te mprenive onal precedents forthe present ay religous tatminioe Though communction hat eaomoly feeders and cessed! preBaropear pers, however lest cid fn Seite raeat Ee elly sloped. Relics svete miral sad nenanaterl ble tayth and ia gn, sd cred objet hve aye ben handed ne fm or ar om ae, eo ih fe bet by human desig . elon ment ave aaa hen deen fered ad sghe ser, exchanged and traded The algioa potency of objec aad Sy com ane, Tg cme th Phaos kn alg They're hardy valued in the cout na, a0 he feng of pel oh ter hs wor incomes stesly br the tends te Tater ove gs fom tee This pbb ben hase ben guy Relgou ements taken ove fom other tlt ne the recor pein. Ralls dillon i mon ‘os form ha ben teadonay feted by det wl delve {Goss wt de, which ba played «major ri Sera see cu tins, ba been texponsibl or interns, on the bro ce of tela wll a neecua call Hom srs comply lenient and contented with wht he podncd Tic tar tne oe to bea pth Miche wes (1970-285), ‘Nowedaye commonly scoped tha he wert don of abo ini the ta change of os eter the sexe are everwhere ‘Gidea, bt the eaten othe general ade beereen groupe of he tig and gachring ype which omcende the exchange of ol eewetn men and omen, i ll ly wnderate” Thi epi the piecing woe of Carthy (1939), Thomson (1949), Sane (G30 whe Te scl cou a ent with Sh exchange a of emi wack cbigtonforsog pao espa ter lation ‘Seement eps aed ond pon ad go elimi (uccay1909:170), Baer ws eel ott sea dese Str eed atc coor an songs (178) “The seed nub de moved lng eeain lly Bee router (ee MaCarhy 1939, Mich 19702894, Pe 1950550), The quenion has ben posed (og, by Pett 1950:S1) whether ct or the outer of eachnge folowed the paths of mythic hea TE presume s deer of enty teers myth ove and rou reign exchange ao doo fetish joncon me won Sly towe been vay impor la she roy aru. Men of the ‘an in an, td Node new ie 9 thar hey rinsed inthe sorth somewhere and prcrded sth Noro heimpoton itis ol! inovatoseseb te nyc ern wh ad come fen che nach Th myth eng Mat 338 inden, fortes, prominent producer ofr ort hide toi brow with hen fom the nr the owed of hw to make sone oar pins. Crcmcbion nthe frm pctd now se he reps with me tr of sped = tbe oe et hr Wale! or Wore who had se come om th nh and nr. Jdsced the none Dade forthe operon Baie Hi, othe nya ny, ld been dove by bring af the pace The gueion muse be ef open in his context whether he mye cefectsete ala Exon. Hert cannor peut whether yh we deed tea feos of sone sor tnt prev Nataly Sve even ouch iy the ineiabe ditions of fata. Moving up fom the tnt, the kingo man, iad tobe boat ed aa hm the {onal Dee to the orth In this cave myth tne and conten, Dory tne se nerd dese Abrgins have ugh he Ma fyb and stcied sas tthe Phar seed Ue see set Ioicaton of the mythic eng’ et of toring ered ince tthe sor athe Drexatine) o The present sation lee 90 tace of whit may forme have ben an nprant norton conection, Mary 1930456) pots rps formation crdg fo which cre jee td "cone. ore” have tached the Kimbteys fom “beyod the Poy 1 ening soath-orth moverent. Nowslys othe Fiaoy eu fecinsouth junction comply aiporant ne oligour hangs lows cent pte, The date sath f the Fiaroy ive igon i coaplaly dpsed of population and wy conection ha my ave former cited aren raked comply acre, “he Aborol groupe who Ine in he sethement noth ofthe Feroy tc flow» ferent Law These pope afk to fhe te erern pars of the Kinbecy aad atheup suhag wth Hvnhen sciibou exe and caren Inetg, forte ine Wis extemely ft to econsac,wth any meee of Aconcy, pre nd elcome gious ruamony orto deny then tat hove been iin, Prtcomact condos of cn. Howeaons of ron ad wily en Aborigal roups ond Serres belts hw rely Mare tee, the ep owe precntact fasion patra, oly sf elementt ca be eonienty ele ‘ne of he dv chants prominent in the Aboriginal pantheon96 ih al ta he meh watrnae Gal or Gala, Pet (1954264 ang that he "elt ofthe rinbow sake Kalra (in bis spelling) wa Rodel tothe Kinbeoys fom the sat pooily om th Steck Unggr ot Ungped of the cnt Kimbedeys! Galan Trager del in all yates, eek, ad teams and in aly func water ales the conept of Gaur (Galbude, Galbodbal, ys ne deny ot off aunt ctor mileraons ofthe wae fie ind sgt fe among te olaadjrtand Vlad. Many Spe being upon emarig the gonad a the end of thee Jouey ‘meamoryoned lnc watennakes. Othe mythic blag who arent Toncaprieed. sp ones are note endowed with Gal's Splice Among there brings ese pte character of Giley, Sedat Mangunui ad Halt he Siu‘vins tel bot rimming itl ha centred sound them ‘Fhe ured emblems atthe. har ot ana, estrlyfomed ‘Gonped stones found neat soaks sod wos and sons ail Shape vo woemble the scale mbicied pels: Django, ‘ehh sa oyonym forthe mye waters, dint aoeted Thi bose Zentre ct atcha shaping tr courses and founding her lees Chinoied Abosgines have lope hi imag a Tras renin areca uate Dang withthe Chin Gol nd Ms scvedoy somone act Djumangan bo plas role itmoder mtompt of Aboigil powophers to ua, In accord with Weer mass, he Dreanine a eolgil ineson They pote an cry pss dhoanggnt which the er ‘Bape in porta wh vopace oes ad water: the singh te fom «er pas alr, wich aman ae ana barat the mythic exemplm moved about an aeadyfenured earth Thon roughly comoyony i disinged om hor. Teor fc hax pbs lo led to se foam inthe Fay sen The gest sory of wok pang tater single fale aol ekcation and Tose confer 1 cho ‘and widely ruphoat Abas fw ofthe printing, homer oe carat and phy the characte waning fhe cent inbeey we Cn 1968 Lonel 1957. 1958), Conca hing th yen te aoy arn was not ost an tition of ‘he camel Kibet recep, bet went hand in and wih the tccned belo ith preter Nowadsy, ct wo kxowd aimee of the cave a fap! rcontrctins of the Gurangr dso te gto Bs opty parla tae mp ended a coarget engin proc i om cooler connec Ne ewer, Ship rhs hve been resin ad only» ary mary of gers tough some claim thatthe haafl alton of Curungoa iso “invoked every wow and then to punish criminsls, see ‘ices wo mot inportee. The foal xchange pres andl padi of borin exchange systems in the arthepelegl Titeratre, See Stanner 1938/34.) Whe carat Be vem the sea acl sms oo ntdaycondiions in che Fitroy ae eve ie ng aboot the tndtional exchange system that peated tere hepa Since Raker’ days the exchange system ba obvi son ely. Leas heen speed and tenersae eh te ses 390 4 penton to whom no obvious chpation exe i theft wep in a fermenhip. The reccer then tder eigen wo repro in fore format sme pent in the nt oo dat frre, Thirds nat omplete the tnmacsion, owes Tor mt ec bligaons ena slong both pres il ale, Thin deve not mea that Pfs ace co be exchanged tn rapid mccnon, but the rcopion af Paving wereable elon remain, ane mut be Hoewuced teculomily. The ies of unending css he wana mati from which ich pareerip segs To the pat india purmenhp have operated youd of ean isin. Covering the countryside with x wab of sigh of inter Tocking partis, ths sytem wae pinay reponse fer ing sane Aboiga! pops wligowiy. Together wih econ tribal meeting, which ooh topster» number of neighbouring ans (1 open of ie nth contee te more pbs sn gens ton, hte wer the only ays of liking pope we would obec theca tlng vem of blogg toptern awe ce Inded people fom que dant paces and sry. he eile 1 gods and information alo the nso paras warn apt te realy ovcome preci etbnacntc nse. Although hve may ie feen some ‘apse knowiclge that goods and information tichange beewcenperarr may hve ngated i tome fay ple, the contact wt too ow and too inde to crate x una arenes of ditt people equa ort engedee a ee of ‘ada wih othe. Teil ot lead tt eefition and widening Th lien ol eden only obcete by the mers futovig proenes of lag, tooiy. Not het infasctrl nial exchange no bmg eng ian farm, bt it only veafowe by theese eb frig someday end in a continuing procs of dele. Ty eeatoa trang of gifs beoween ihe nowadays Sy eterno the acening fur tenon of eos emg Tnvtome a contest the exchange, or anim of al iy Deilfn bdeyon, on pfs prec, ot th ls ely « Sa eet and os Ue do ith gious trun Som og Teva wn tat iraionlyexchings and recipoiy were he ery lihlod of Aboriginal wc. without which cold 90 hag ‘nied, rope supposed to change owners continous ‘woven lot te common Ile of sca bitons aed repo ‘lon It ue vnthinable fr somebody to aly etn ommolity ~ food, objet, o knowledge — fra tine whan ‘Rating i with thr sling or ping eam loeter And aa Fever gis Maver hereon apes tte boat irs Hal Famendoee ove creaveuly rouhest «coat or 4p sal teyord ie shering and enhuage being rpultd by tne peep: fan Alhough ao everyane ec Uke by thee rae 0 ee ‘A pues cn wort broom ins foes his network witht imineicey lacing hall comply ontide hs community ad coming 2 Uropot” nthe wort ea, seeing tees atone “Thr inno altered compromise inti mater The options we ‘ear he ill pripton with all ht thi eal, or comple Sor TRG ee gue We clgal bakin et ep puttccip hast be sen, Sled precip wa jot ‘ore female! extension of the pera proce that wes 18 0 {the tine, lear ny enough ocak partners. too int vbr fool ae at whe shoal ene parte {Bip wh whom, Thun, seme Fitroy Abo salted that Ferme peopl wth the sme momen, toaled are were expect fo enter cachage patanbipn Oc aad at panei wi Sheed fom father to ton nd moter to dnghter paral ‘ere movers of cone snes eter valatoe wot to pase cecnomly. te any event the Spe ac of ging something iron cathe Mayle and economic cn of the Aborigines hve profoundly changed hie station ‘There ir now api flctve tannin of algon on grand se, nd lage tings frst and nations in rigs pee ing Above fom aang. pues toster omer ans Co ‘eqoenly she wadinal rads of tannin hee boken ap an ivoked. The tew frm of rigour moby har ite ned forthe ‘Morous channels povided by Hao parnepn, Contcs and ommuniatine ae mich more facing tive deeded let behind the popevine pa or anes Fo cco wa ooo ‘flee the dat00 ih at to hare been handed ao erouph exchange chansl fom people why hel nel htm her ound tI ctor al by ie and pce ping wugh he porn palin. A rang ihc ay tbe slong kl or ore ata medi of xchange payment Spas rein, alo vaste radtonl rater ow produced some commons a malatabe quote, die Lintjaied dab te ed ony Abin todey Sine. Ann For oe tn, wou ‘techie to the aft of pfx wa production, slg it mony 1 other Aborigines who spcaled nthe productos of sac Spiel cyl nk Lyn oco oye det oC el Feige! pore to nsec yas ean chan Gah nn to tenets onthe igty Mle Beech uth of rooms "stance of over 1000 Kameron tthe er My, Thi sito eect netting acinus ta falta ward, Monto them seated een nian ral Det and deere gees fates out Tadao [Sloe pockets oat cifliogetoal pti 66 ‘Avorginl popltionindgnour to this ron ate sll peered Fe intanc, nthe all Cre cathe Djerba oe ele jute’ speak of 4 slaty homopscou clea nes inthe thorn Kenbecy, The cnr ad dee ng popltons who Sivasced nrc in ey contac times hep the ntpens pour end tay now 2 thes inga fan which dough exiting in mumeros el vara deport nostro npr nasil aa Era aco eo peren (E a PO posi calf ewig git eed Djuain,aihe Wolmade fom LaGrange Notions of “county now the ete southern Kimbereys without being vognded fol sane Soi hay npn to id ht cove cones sively dant indus sod groupe ae ities nd is hn intend in seen yen Ueto oder tps element ae ao ped an nhs es iy and api, he eeane cata ten wn which the yvamle of lous cis viel eee ftir inthe seen bed enecame hc alrite feoion and had exceed fee the esting newer dereoped Aicince east-west tae At the ators borer of th en the ted Weng, othe Wa, Nd ced ier ser groupe are elecvly termed. Inthe we the Wein of the ones Foy [ivr region rastin eloe ts tothe Dj he igh Wola, nto these peoples hon Inthe coral mtements the Carder fist Nyamgomtcer “The Pizroy are, wich le i the very ce of is central geographic location it forms th rao te cat throne Ian, snd fom LaGeange an Ana Pans theater p ‘hou the hd ad mind che Pharoy Aborigine eee eee mated tendency to plce higher empha om the dstions eat Uggs) and wet (ah tam om noth gy) and south la For inane, 2 lest emplcly uated mrth-wet on te compass nll or apg The fequncy ofthis oacraton by ar pateepetenty eetens thy, cuca coatecon arpa 1 hain of Abi ca se inprtae (Honea, on tly ay ths stement beast his sicaton pi ing ee min ned fin ser sets bo ‘ay. Vaenduma to Chena Grek ov Flaroy Coming withou invhig the commerites on the tate beder) Ths chine gven the tadltona ane of onde o Inspec eer of anata, the chain rele rm Blane nar the nate border where lps ites fom the Wal re mally tought in cotnoe cn to Cisne Grek anon teough th Pe ceeithipa ik econ tc eee eee ber of commune with "ig name, enjoying igh epettion 5 reer tie aie ey eal i aa Bees organ eats ee ae Te oot cry ll et water Eke ecomarciy, Mp erin ele det ede eter eee ee ‘wh this quate, They tend to reed communy’s reputation fa manera ce way. To them fs «ft accompl of waitin faye cremplan iy acgied esti ve te pein a presige of «community. Cantqueily, the month afc of difne tein the superior guaey of so commie: not realy eit Cerin ris sustions came tomy Bly wie | wa atempting 0 once the formative cer of pee, Thee of te smmuniee fiat enoy wach high presige wader ee, noe ely uring my yb the Kinsey. The anfomaron Process permed some fight blind the wal coe of eae feptation One ofthe thee commaniisthe Chinas Gack Mob had roken up at + cooteguene ofthe Pastoral Awan, One pat of the community remained onthe property but Sable orion oft ses fed to Teae. The later goup ore to Fitsroy Coning a Farmed the socalled Yelbarija Me on te eee, They sug bperwaly 0 fone mln peetge thelr new leaty ead a Iavemestoned efor hey nly succeded ‘other fommecy prominent immunity wat not 30 sucefl The Aborgalcommeniy of Neotharbah wa comple spose snd loss imporance Preued by the tying canine onthe oper hs commortycllcely pled pad lf. Met the People med a Moy Crosingin x emp on he atk ofthe Foy Kier Some of the em mee politely aad economy sete hing the crema dpe. at, wht he growp conta 0 ‘alt fe eligou bering didnt otc ded of tena Ta more sad more into sbucty. The mob hw recently bee ‘epaiate, sumiog ownership of the Nooakanal property under = lporermentsponore! scheme. Only tine wil tll whee this fommunty wl cred inguin telus pre. ‘The thd communi, Leon (Myon umd to be te pote ‘apiece the trams of evton stbegunt rtm ed the ‘sg feregosconsion he ew he (ea fore we look ot the fits ft thes commis ad what this tall us abou the sgl fr rlgons poi lt wr tn the ‘oud tht extends sero the Soathem Kanes sm the cout to the Norther Testor. The were bgad of the tad theeen an if of Yuba fom the Lake Diappoinmen ay (Cs, ge Pe 1956) Pobebly for dead, LaGrunge elt feo to ave acted ats dstrbunr of rego fame aad fom fhe nd grup bough Myoudah In tr yee acted uch The sume pel among Poy River stent, In tit ay te {Roce the lio phere of the conta Aborigine ad tov of fhe nto Te mens thatthe cust Aborigines have doled tn nee nthe ex rligous pace ad be of thr nei ind poups aud thew flood with carey upon th ‘thai eof coal jrops.‘The Myoadancommasiy wat eh feretuce egret pan of tiny iat bg he pod te the elgout tie of both sen Ths fet, onong othe ‘dently conse othe emergence of this commanity 8 ihe mat peta in th ole ontere Kinbeleys The comity ad to lee Myrodsh 1971, and after a bet inalde we Living Stone angel onthe nel formed eee SE Uacae uel ty Cran bent Pl ‘tigi ‘persion i blng toned; anit appa comm has Tot ching af frre. On te cntny. + dor has bon oped Tor an exten promising deeloment through nich he om toe of 1975-76 inporant ination Hala wee bed ¢ Loo Av was informed nt oly dl hee ee atrct hase of ‘Abrgins from the Pitoy ea, Deby and LaGrange Dt lap nage ano coe fom Bans, Hlg sad Cordon Downe. Tom lonley sues ale prscipated. ‘Thee Abode, being aly (ferent ial, had ofa manaed sean seis es ith {he Foy Aborigine (To of th ih ands who wre ccm ‘Sedo thi craton wo fon the centr Kimbeleys) Tis es to inte tha the Lana cramunity ts determined Te next inpertan: nk in the chin wth comma of Noo anti on the seal Foy Rie Tis En har been listed Imps he elas Ao, ta Tomer yen insscommunity exchangs sl smi ett on bois cnn aces iy sect yen hough they weve et ey out thet slut exchange th Abodins ba ot ace o moder anor fet Thor, dices had val and infuence on the lnecommaniy exchnge slong mich shores theron chon pe ody : ; sation ad tach of eval day An imtemedie Hak thecforesemed eet Berane ofthe omer inked eda of wo vary dinate pant wat hal ponibe aa probasy size his in he atempttoundestand Neon, eck Suton, Dist atin tapos “hese wo or te decides ao Neonkabah wa one of th wt imports mentag pur of tel The lao te Nye od the gaduily illegal and ker sen rope ‘intsled important comma grounds aca Noonkanal Seog Tings cowds of Abin repay aeed therefor cence ‘anos, However, nce thove day sh ol soe ele of he place tv ll id without ening agony! mers. "Th cipers,as Aborigines hve an amped to ae, Ets pone ciney tat hat bes flo sc” Religious ede nti mal ‘een Yu seem ahve Hed mov or lea ey The soe, try ned we hon ps ima ote et the st decade. Yt mat arty si many me ype bythe great events of religous moby. Thy did’ coo be playing, aor role inthe Woigisitnmicins, nr wee they aig in sy ofthe other more inpertant tance, When Si i‘ th om i on ew the ck of Cheitat Cretk forme anor one ofthe mainly gi nesting plas, tracing lage patheing vty et cua, ipa tale popaaton of Yloaca ale whom ac hh ton vend and devoted to the Law, From bee det Bk gp to‘lina ithe southeastern Kimbeeys and from thee om the oy and, to netby commons sch Bago and Star Creck,nd on fhe ster land, srw the stae borer io the Norther Teron, The cosneton that exis betwen the commanie of Crit, Chek and thon ago and Blinn i no cinciene, Afr the hse sboig ft estado home counties the Cen osc, many of them moved slong th Caning Stock Rost, oF pel "coc, toe inthe ge teement of Bl aad ition Over petid of own these oop of smyg ga, ‘ail bad id Ler many of thom cae Yo Ch ‘ett for mpnynet some decd aber vas derur through the Goran’ cede ol Bla wih ey ta oar i AE psed iv pate hands in 155, No surpsiogy, thee Aborige reine emovondl od slgous e o ago tod Biles, For tua Payot dcuchmens, more bect and foth beeen the. te ert conecon form th beckons, in sen of meig fo prcent day elo wanson in the ten. From Bilas the Keres bought the howled OF Moogle into the Fioy ara Nor only di fey Ing the Krowege, but more importa th tho browse pope rights The Bilara-Cemos eck a “vic o epset the eel coin he machinery of present-day ‘clgiow Ganeninion in the southerners. Along ths ax tet opie alone being imported ac he Etaroy aes {i Loews (orm Myoodsh) they paused on to Lata Ear 2 on fm Chana Crk Silinaandeior cater stlemente Though hs Hk betwee ‘Gist Creche lions th clgocs due between ea ed ‘rested off bow thie Yes og ons gan tae the Feary {res eemsly Wooming as prev debt ome dia Seocorck wien 196) nw Hk wad to tht aetwor withthe emergence To bad come from Cisina Cieck to Fleoy Croing there ws ‘Rainy ge pecetge of pestions ces ~ notary se (hoy vee to be thrown af the od station a ing nail for putorl work The experi af hse rs rly mea tine smny become imbued wih mel ‘eran bing uly eroded nese ths hao lys in 1975-76 the religous ile of thi om smniy was consenblyoversadawed by what an oly be de nding il sesponbile. I ths wate of ae allowed continu ie wil whe sone than Inter, ef the cena en A comming i lew eres shone 20 the old exaithedrepertny wl ces nace mck nieation Ccltv press atd pr of thn eign sees dicey te Be neat, onetaning tlio ledardp can makeup fre hen she ther ht ob sbandone. Te Lain community eye te esees soe extremely prominent rigs espera aden song them the mule th igh pit of ene nthe pence pce fon of shee men that enabled the communis vo recta fae lity so quely. Aborigines now pes of Looms wth che sum pet hey ad prin spoken of Nyon However the fit of the Nooakanbah community demenstne tat ata The specs of ale mut wor be under maiy joys it lgly bound wich the Toca scapes. The sige rds in he earth ul, which i coosint with the tape "ant poston lind bas in Aborioal thought nd Gel A og earts eae the tous of power ern longer fete fo then Not rey poor imbue! with wtedproperiss. In some po her toon a al In ote sated stunt alin In ome place tne popes ert atthe ght een ete dlovman tnd gro + coger ciate for permanent homan Hatta Alough nn on nde sch prope so ome eta, Linked ta here tes shout the land and ke pope he aidoral wo of cmon ste The nd fon of 1h pyran easmous role. The Loma commas ws Toran aonph a wsetdcrarast tat bed otk echnerdge yhoo ‘Spunce and Lizry of bring um ccndond merng pc, Th they cold tap int te sigtoun pst of ht new home The ig Tee cmt, Hing et frtnate hi eget, coal noe ely on Sicha paceden! {tae menoned bef thet Psoy Croigbd ‘healt tk of appning he sane of he poe Com compe toot ohcrty, Ieee words they had to fght an eae Craton, which sated that sadn rg i {hs pce, inorder to etalk semen les, group with « leet lipo profile ad le expert maul hae fle Inthe enter Peale Sacred jets add anoles spect to she Abo! modaiy of ima nd sn eign. ‘The cachet of cred ebjes that commun once make a cose cotdbuton fo Is rpuain fo: Freie sun ogo bad in and ith the moro ced ener ‘Sted ejects il inn utomagey expand ener the yea ow Shc ae produc td the puch Sel bj ee hgh to eter ito common withthe ound on which they are ord Near pet rere say ob dt doesnot fe enormoas abt in sir its caches sre objec Although the sate yer tong tor beeen the hj nd te hame str es ane he ea rcetty ha the lt word. Infinity peter pea bee ts be ercome when» commenty dso, swat the case ith the Cirktnns Crck-Py Tie Moh Sued ejects o ihe in sna eye elie pie. A ae amb ed rope rhs. Objects we produced, ened snd und trough te Inscte network of ual coopentin, an thy ate nocd wh ‘lipnythlogeal waions to which ofen sige numberof en the common lows Gn ic extecnly dil ae slong eet 2 fncion ofthe seed oud, Althongh the niece me bo she sce usar, at Be hy en only tae the sac objec har tly indvidoly ned. Theos fortwo the yas afer ths been pope conse, wil oppose tose of the inporet pgtemaie af the old ac by potas ao Inuit prosan Outstanding lesdetip. ita eat se without de adequate response ofthe nite community. Leadeaip os oat exis ins commana ium, pomeas the ede sty may be Leadership sande all wth the commons The ‘worthless ay pote lio expe ut if he fa to nt ny poe ses in mma hs nen Bip quae wl fe wats Move i nd ‘bl dat lion epson sommony h e stan on expensive af: Home, pene en be tecaped at if ihn th Propety i mi [Sx Kelig198tchap. 8) At ommaniy probly Bade i sneha cater to segue promise ‘sous nandig among other commune. In ple dopa ‘cmd canes ae gh le community tne snsanog Iodide wil Be pees. Ale the callie. pote i ckcht al sommes: eoper be etd rere toed per ne Cleve sad ld waite For hata, in at ef gow of hoard of need Sbjct det proportion tthe ser of rly ten in a, comment. Lager communion sully ca mat Certo? than malls ons Lane commas castle mnt fen ine pica of vow eadions sce he percentage of ane bord he inde hwatly oma A comet ios ‘rege tho depends 0 te Tgoeoy and spy wih oh frcnes rigour ae "The say ofan ao Page ‘ujor rl. Onl lion prenigou ementy hs the pig, bang reply coped wid nds by te ernie Wi comanty nerds py scng men by hl imprint tad kon, enhances rie Te cee ‘hp competion aes smog commit teach ible cad teem polshing dane sma igs teresnion scene Dig wo cna Steetions cn be angie nthe prosnay mel, og tealtons~ myth tn body deem adsrel lees ow om the ett com ih Suter Kamina ui they tach deco region From te opponte Secdon Come age guste of chee tnd ils ad pre of cred tans. The aon re fatons Of the stan Md complen se wel oa hel by cum ‘borigne, Some of thee tans se apa ately went Porecreions fou ai, ‘Aoog the miter bjt the moet spectacular and wll sows arc pat hls, which, ogoaig onthe West Ker coat are eneated ano th ie content (ee Mery 1999.83). The father aay fom the conte re igh pied they eco, ada the Wenen eset th Hagen oan fo vey le Be outa sea e004 Hyh a os Row 1654), Nowadays mae el po hh th Fy ay alec rome dig we eet wed sre fv roagh sod ry poluh of te one sre ore wih mead td ita key desig ypc of te Eh ile Beach se. Some Of th denier conde screed then we noose! oop tered and may be. fely sated among men ma women ae Opin on whether apes denga sct orn ne fen ded, nd some men only grudgingly allow women to hn some ofthe og which they coud a ae sce Shale senna the oy ae are ede hoard, 0 norco al on free ‘nc she bisa. The man css of tla sina becuse of tes song tain links withthe ons ad em hes the sl ty ind tele way tno che Northern Teron an Sth Asie ‘Sis lye mune of ourow nrdvond sik den sig desig sma to those onthe shel, aie fom the we tad ant ‘nth Woajie ade. Boomerang in bene monly ofthe Baldnoe ‘nd daar symmetial nonrtam sype pss fom thew te the ene The hooked boomerang, itt deste inpement moves ‘he oppore diction an ao often ved se payment in rego xchange Red cloth np sso exchanged te narle suse Monotel pce f put sl bin ind are rough fom te wr "madi to these common tems rset da spp he scious exchange. For lass» man suing to Festoy Ciouing Som avs to LaGrange Brough wth hima muchadmied ar rink yl al about Den tn damete, ound ona lob foi ‘en to which length bing wat tached This wan anaered + powerful isrumen. andthe men caper aed ai thc homens to abo some of scape, Alvo fom LaGtoge cone wooden clubs with tone fake embedded in» hac of pfx sae ‘oe ends ths» epe aor oduly produced he Fury se {hd thy ar tresnined meng he ser vores ‘Sacre body designs ellod nonin sve feqently handed on a xchange commodier independent of thedigomythloie socio, Sacred obtts ong and al prsnng eee aon feat handed on sometimes rarely independent a cach the However hiss fc o cern bce he afer of lige eon ay cover a numberof years ding which» snes of slemens ar ped along independant, I prone, boneree. that the Abo themsles done le sight of te oneal proces St Vad ropeher tans dtl “Teday che sje moment of the two religious swum publi ced by the Mowe cal atone Without deube oagui enjoy tehighspopuay ithe Ft are an eh ely ‘eligi tae prevalingdrougheat he stern Kimbo esd athe tous communion eageress 10 abt ne Mengaia ee ote Motny ane ‘eons: In exchange for hte Hoa mater, objets and myth IE Chitin Crek whee «ton called Cunning wa sexed ‘evita! cxtons a taded to the en. Mowerer, most of thee WME wth equally “docouregig tenlas Once ae ee aed ve soe extent gor ot of fuhion andthe omnet ae IE populity ts they are ely wale fora le The dynamics etched here charcarv the spruce ft ‘Give ad's faeachinginteconmatiy contacts, eon ae oem lions mobi. The ifasacte is more complex Bot only bouht snd del nary moghtonity sea feplly introduced fom dnt grupr and comes oy ‘ot comunise Bory rion I uior of dna groups has hee ep Seed a ttc elety rene reas fee of ayaa no the bao up ad inddul ene, Comunity somber poses ropery hse hough conception roo ‘hs sodeny fed wih an abundance of vou abitons, Dang the me Aborigon of pars args bees neqnnted wilh ack ‘and exchanged. 80 nowadays « comma pool of vari edict. Nt obtener ets Romer cual pt al fepettry ted at ayo time. Ocaonl «radon aethated from the tent rte and the lean al and myth prone ‘ne snl oped with awe and » mdicom of en, altho te tection dees onthe gener epinion of the comenty oben from whick the ejects tem, Onl a ‘eg elo cate ot ended spe, wer at lent med wa pos ar the Far of the unknown Ti fet hall ben svesone oe ays at eat not waaay fas be The poration of foie aditnspoiably ha advantages rm tether ange wl Th ons xa st Sch tons ae neil emotionally and glory ed nog they ae not only sltble for wrested sulin, bt ala eel be ighy entertaining, Cossqurnly, in comtemporary, abogia slit onthe whol an element of tet pay comes tothe conte with the aliona ad rious npc of ostiog the mythic put thesia werent {ntste inated: loti bel ns ened om Dt by Some Fig Tree verdent ten year eloe at Start Cesk. At that ne th owners eda lia snd inthe cure of nec ‘eter fo tat ae ted topthr to purchase anda ‘ha For eo now me ean wa thn sed Sern ropa prs ay te etapa: toe sine i for ames uinown to me, wt decided to rim JE wing poedwedon wae ees a lem, by Maman Aor theft wo sets of 209 and Gamat perfor hers ely untuk, ln fo ete sgh mance with dbortly corte actor thee wae ose dln Tater expree by the rpilyshiking sinc. The eden Making slain to te lg cous valet the Fitzoy Aborigine, Sacred lows aon te Dreamtime. ‘Theat sete menage of th preted inte ti muting mony a te ait which theoreti at be kere tar he nxt te mabeaet tap the dancing wantin PAY the Abrus iy napa ew sion ee sea eae Bremoaly afer» fv days the Ib lng, trom the Dreamin He et atone on ove th res", which wiley peated among the Aberiine teeure sare tat post with pei lets en but the Fay ore carlo np se pe probate w woe, rather inconsequential sony Bt fr tout Tes coeetvable tag the inclination ta cabnce the rigs ropetrythsogh ary Staton ha led them to lok for enhancement sowhr md oar ty can only be sated hrugh todo fm This chapter ha developed the tha how tein pack emmy pairs ave beng replaced by more modern one. Th ‘low an dec leche etree gous of pre Burpee tna har bee abated. Ine « ompethensv net within whi ‘egourwananlon take plac rap sd efcctyely has ben bale ‘Not only have more and tm people been de tne the mmiiation network, but thre hata byeh a9 precedente Incese in feorofece contacts beteces prong umber of Aor tions dig Aborger have been broken down. They have come ‘o appreciate simian while concomitantly denphasig sion tires that ealidoaly were one of the major ear of tie ttininacon. na plpble mts the concept o Aberin humanly tedinally appl the small ethnocnt, to people wth whee ‘oe intercede day, his now ben entered team cvrenpuing counter hormaly exits have Beem acepabe arose chou ‘heap and inte of rigs ranean, or the let o thre decade, lous trang at ben ot {he tnt ater Srmenticn nthe stem pao he Riaber ley A trong eommunition network es deroped among then whl contac th groups ote this ares hs intl semaine gh [Aborigine co the north he cena sod norters Kimbedeye a taped ty eae en ith ifleen form ofthe Law Ad ‘lath ofthe Kimberlee the inhabited Cental Det andthe ars engin intr deton oe be fund ln Wie, Je tnd other dvr Hog tetement Geel he fs eae ks tte ow big exalted wih gous to eth the noth and oth ‘haogh in the leer ce yeogpie tne remains problem lly the tendency to extend the netork and ncade eer more sant communities evn thow consdced ln opto ove Pot uni In the Norbern Terry, hs become oo of te nays oor of the Fay se i eo po joe Aas Crufondy LM, 1968. The at of the swondjina Me abe, PAM 1939, Aorta woman snd and prof, Lo edge and So Kal, £19737, Tradon ad emancipation: an Auseaen A {ial venan of “anni Newt of the Aboriginal Af,sie at fee earch EXTENSION OF RITUAL rade it aubes autalchersogborene