(THI KIM NGAN NGUYEN THI QUYNH THO: Dot pha 8+ SHOA HOC ») KITHI THPT Quéc giaLOI NOI DAU (Cac am hoe sinh than méin! Theo théng tin chinh thie ctia BG Gido dyc & Bao tao, kin thi thi THPTOG tirnm 2019 sé bao gm kién thi cua c& 3 l6p 10, 11 va 12, Bimng trude sy thay dai lon nay, hau het cae em hoc sinh déu cam thay lo lang, hoang mang, khéng biét phai hoc nhu' thé nao va én luyén tirdau dé dat durge két qua tot nha. \Véi mong muéin he théng day di kién thife ctiac 3 16p 10, 11, 12 va dinh hung phuong hap hge tap higu qua cho cao em, nhém tac gia ching tai da tim toi nghién eu va bién ssoan cuGn sch Bt phid 8+ mOn Ha hoe Ki thi THPT Quoc gia, Cia tric eta cudin sich gm 2 phiin chinh: + Phin 1 = Héa hoc 12: Trinh bay chi tiét kién thie Héa hoc 12, kt hop bé sung kién thi fign quan dn Héa hoc 11 va Héa hoe 10 trong qua thin hoe. + Phian 2 - Héa hoc 11 va Héa hoc 10: Trinh bay cc kién thute Héa hc 11 va Héa hee 10, ‘trong tam, c6 dong, logic két hop phan dang bai tap va gia chi et. Ua dim ni bit cila cudn sch: + Noi dung cuén sch bao gom kién thire Héa hoc lp 10, 11, 12, bam sat dinh huténg thi cilia BO Gido duc & Bao tao. + Nhém téc gid dnb riéng mot phn & dau cudn séch dé hutng dan cac phutng phap Gigi nhanh, giup tit kiém thai gian lam cho céc em, * He thing bai tap due chia dang r6 rang, tat c& déu c6 phurung phép giai va vi dy mau. + Sau cde phn kién thar la bai tp tyluyén, 86 lung céu hei dam bo bao quat hat cae dang bai tap dé céc em 6n luyen thanh thao + Bac biet, cud sch dupe tich hgp cing ede tién Ich céng nghé mang tinh dot phé so vi ning cusn sch tham khao kha: Video bai ging, He thong thi tht, Nhom gid dap thc mac mign phi trén Facebook. Nhiing tién ich cng nghé nay s€ giip em lam chi kién thite Héa hoc ala c& 3 nam mét céch dé dang, hién thye héa myc tiéu trén 8 diém thi THTPAG mon Héa hoc. + Cudin séch la “gia tai tri thi, fa tam huyét cua nhém tac gid va don vi phat hanh muén ‘ti tdi tay ban doc nhiing kién thite hay, bé ich, ata igu luyén thi THPTOG tin cay ciia cdc ‘em hge sinh trén ¢& nuse, Tuy nhién, trong qui trinh bién soan khong thé trénh Khoi nhing ‘i sot, nhém tac gid rét mong nhén duige nhiing ¥ kién déng a6p quy bau tirben doc dé an ai ban sau sé duge hoan thign hon, (dm 498)El Seated atcetitron ee Ms Let ono Muc luc MOT SO PHUONG PHAP GIAI NHANH HOA HOC PHAN 1: LOP 12 1. Este ~ Lipit 2. Cacbohidrat 3. Amin ~ Amino axit~ Peptit ~ Protein 4, Pome 5. Dai cong kim foal £6. Kim logi Kid — Kiém tS — NOM a 7. SAt va m6t s6 kim logi quan trong ... PHAN 2: LOP 11 VA LOP 10 1. Nguy@n ti — Bang tuan hoan — Lién két héa hoc 2. Phan Gang héa hoc 3. Sy din li 4, Phil kim... 5. Dal cvtong héa hh 00... 6 Hidrocacbon 7. Ancol — Phenol 8. Andehit ~ Xeton ~ Axit cacboxylic @ 115 188 205 231 232 249 280 218 313 350 372MOT SO PHUONG PHAP GIAI NHANH HOA HOC Phuong phép 1 BAO TOAN KHOI LUGNG “B41. Noi dung phuong phap inh lust bdo toan khdi lugng: “Trong mgt phan Ging héa hoe, ting khéi wong cia cdc san phdm bang ting khéi lwgng ca céc chat phan ing. Xét phan ing: A+B + C+D Bidu thee: ™,#m, =m, +m, Céng thive cn ner TMawiancan™ Lian * Len genineg DeMatteis Dc “BD 2. Vidy minh hoa Vid: Cho 4,46 gam hn hop gdm Al, Mg va Fe tc dung véi mot lugng vira dit dung dich H,SO, 9.8% thu duge 4,704 Iit kh (@ktc). Kndi lygng dung dich thu duge sau phan ang la: ‘A.21440 gam. 8. 214,88 gam. ©.214,46 gam. 214,04 gam eéng dn 24 mo 21 mol mons, = 228. 100.= 210 gam Ap dung dinh luat bao toan khdi long: # Mans, = Mo +My Mau = Me *Mhonso, My Megas = 446+ 210-0.21.2 = 214,04 gam + Chon D. Vidy 1: B6t chy hodn toan 9.2 gam hén hop gdm Fe va Cu bing O, du. Sau phan tng thu duge 12 gam chat in Thé ich ox! (Akte) 68 phan tg la A168 I. B. 1,96 lt 6.2.24. D.s.92it Huéng din 4Fe+30,—* +2Fe,0, 20u+0,—£-2Cu0Ue RTL Ap dung bio toan khbi trang: Muci *Mo, =May <2 92 +Mo, =12 =m, #28 gam 0.0875 mol > Vp, =0,0875.22.4= 196 it. Taos ng, + Chon B. \Vi dy 2: Hda tan hoan toan 5,1 gam hén hgp chira Al va Mg bang dung dich HCI du. ‘Sau phan tng thu duge 5,6 lit khi (ake). Téng kné! lygng mu6i thu duge le A. 20,50 gam. B.22,05 gam. _C. 22,85 gam. D. 25,02 gam. Hung dn =0,25 mol >m,, =0,25.2 0,5 gam 204 2AL+6HCI-» 2AIGi, +3H, Mg++ 2HCI-> MgCl, +H, = 2iy, =2.0.25=0,5 mol ->my. =0,5.36,5 =18,25 gam ‘Ap dung bao toan kh tuong: Mas +My ~My? My, 2 BN+1825=Mus +05 May =22,85 gam Nig Udy: = Chon C. Vi dy 3: Nung hoain toan 100 gam hén hop X chira CaCO, va Ca, Két thie th rnghigm thu duge 78 gam chat rén khan. Khdilugng ca CaCO, trong X ta ‘A.60 gam. B. 50 gam. 70 gam. D. 80 gam. Huéng din caco,—*-+Ca0+Co, t ‘Ap dung bio toan khbi trang: 1, =Minoan*Meo, £2 Meo, = 100-78 = 22 gam 2 22-955 mol =o, = 220.5 m “Theo phurong tinh héa hoe eyeo, =Meo, =0,5 MO! —>Mexoa, =0:6.100 =60 gam. + Chon 8. @Phuong phép 2 BAO TOAN NeuYEN TO “D1. Noi dung phuong phap Binh ludt bdo toan nguyén 6: ‘Trong cdc phn ung héa hoc théng thuong, cée nguyén té ludn durge bao toan, Tae: [Daan veanning =D nan ning Ap dung: Hu hét dang bal tap, nhét I dang bai tap hn hop nhiu chat, xay ra nhibu bién 46% phite tap. DB 2.Vidy minh hoa Vi dy: Hoa tan hota toa 6.1. gam hn hp hire Alva Mg bang dung cich HCI du Sau phan dng thu éurge 6,6 lit Kh (Ek). Téng kh rong mubi thu Buel ‘A.20,50 gam. B. 22,05 gam. .22,85 gam. D. 25,02 gam. Hung dn 56 Co: = 7g 70.25 mol Bao toan nguyén 16 H: Ra = 204, =2.0,25 =0,5 mol 'Ba0 toan nguyen t Ci: gms =Phes = 0.5 MO! Me™ Manat Merge) 1+0,5.35,5 = 22,85 gam = Chon c. dy 1: Hoa tan hod toan hén hop A gdm 0,16 mol Fe va 0,05 mol Fe,0, vao dung dich HCI du thu éurge dung dich B. Cho B tac dung vi NaOH dur thu duuge kBt tia C. Loc Két ta, ria sach, dem nung trong Khéng kn dén Khél lvong khong di thu dug m gam chét rn D. Git ola ml Huong dan Foe glk er FIO, ‘So 46 phan ee Mao 2D: 1 aotinine af, ofA of F4O se orrop, 80 toda nguyen tb Fe: Pryoyo) =o > Mpxo,e)= O13-160= 20,8 gam Chon D.Cee AMANO \Vi dy 2: Hoa tan hoan toan hin hop gm x mol FeS, va 0,15 mol Cu,S vao dung dich ‘axit HNO, (vita Gt), thu duro dung dich X (chi chira hai mu6i sunfat) va khi NO duy nd. Gi tr oda x a: 0,060. B. 0,150. €.0,075, D.0,300. Huong dn X chi chia 2 mudi sunfat, kh NO la duy nhét —> S 68 chuyén hét thanh SOP. (Qua trinh bién di: 2FeS, > Fe,(SO,), ; Cu,S > 2cuso, x 05x 08: Bao toan nguyen t6 S: 2x + 0,15 = 0,5x.3 + 0,3 +x + Chon D. Vi du 3: Hn hop X gdm Fe(NO,),, Cu(NO,), va AgNO, Thanh phan phan trim khéi |ugng ota nito trong X la 11,864%. C6 th8 diBu ché durgc t6i da bao nhiéu gam hn hop ba kim logit 14,16 gam X? A78Bcam. BLADS8pIm, —C.3389am 0.6729 en in Tong 14.18 gam Xs enn, = !4IE 9.2m Bao ton nguyén t6 N: n, 1, =0,12 mol Wes reve kh6i rang kim loi thu 4g 8: Mena =e ho gy = 14,16 — 0,12.62 = 6,72 gam + Chon D. Vi dy 4: Chia hn hop Agim: C,H, C,H, C,H, thanh 2 phan bang nhau: = Phan 1: B6t chéy hoan toan thu duge 3,36 Ii khi CO, (te), = Phain 2: Hiro héa 1b d6t chay hét sn phm thi hé tich CO, (ake) thu duge AAI B. 2,24 6.336 it D448 It. Huéng dn 3,36 Phan 1: Bao toan nguyén t C: Mose y= Non, “Garg = OAS MOL Phin 2: Hidro nda ri dt chay hat sn phm thi s6 mol C trong 1 phan khong di. Bao toan nguyén t6 C: Ngo, = Neier pin)" 115 Mol Veo, =0.18.22,4 = 3,36 It Chon ©. aoPhuong phép 3 BAO TOAN ELECTRON “@ 1. Noi dung phuong phap Binh lust bao toan eletron: ‘Trong phan Gng oxi héa — Khir, tng s6 electron ma céc chét kr nhuréng lub bang ‘ting sé electron ma céc chat oxi héa nha. [22M onsen = Pema Ap dung Chi yéu Ap dung cho bai ton oxi hoa knit cc chat v6 co. C6 thé Ap dyng bao toan electron cho mét phuong trinh, nhiéu phuong trinh ho&c ton bo qua tinh, Néu xét cho todn b6 qua trinh chi cn xac dinh s6 oxi héa & trang thai ddu va cubi cba nguyén t8, khong quan tam dén trang thai oxi héa trung gian. Thudng két hop voi bdo toan khdi lugng, bdo toan nguyén té.. D2. Vidy minh hoa ‘Vi dy Chia 20 gam hin hop gém Mg, Al, Zn thanh hai phan bang nhau, Phin 1: Bét chay hodn todn trong O, dur thu duge 14.48 gam én hop oxt Phin 2: Hba tan trong HNO, 68, néng dv thu duge VIItNO, (san phém Khir dy nnd, 6 dito). Gia ti cba Va A12544, —-B.6,272. 15344. 7,728. Hudng dn Phan 1: Bao toan kh6i long: mg, =14,48-10=4,48 gam 448, mone, =F = 0414 mol Nh&n x6t Kim log héa tj khng AB nén ting 6 mol electon nhvdng & hai phn 1a nhur nhau > $6 mol electron nhén & hai phan ‘ng nw nha. Phan 1: Phan 2: 0, +4¢ 420% en 014-90,56 xex x= 056 Vay V = 0,56.224 = 12,544 iit = Chon A, Vid 1: Nung m gam bot Cu trong ox thu duge 25,6 gam hin hap chétrin X g8m Cu, CuO, Cu,0. Hos tan hoan ton X bing H,$0, 6c, néng thu due 3,6 It (te) khi SO, duy nh Gia bi mia A968 B.158, ©.203. D.224, a8 Huong din FeO mol ®FOIE oct rata Or sal Io cu Fy So 6d phan ing: &bor{oo een cu,0 80, Goi 86 mol Cu vi O, lin ota xy mol. Bao toan toan khéi luong: 64x +32y = 25,6(*) Xét osn bd qua trnh o6 3 nguyén 6 cd sy thay oh 6 ox dala Cu, Ova S. cuscu"+2e | 0,+40>20° x am | yoy S* 42048" 030,18 Béo toan electron: 2x = y +0,3 -+ 2x~ ay =0,3 (") Tw (va (7) ta 06: X= 098 4 Khéi lugng cla Cu la: m_ Chon . ‘Vi dy 2: Cho V lit hin hop khi Cl, va ©, (Akt) téc dung via 40 véi hin hop cha 2.7 gam Al va 3,6 gam Mg, thu durgc 22,1 gam san pham ran. Gia tri cia V la: A112, 8.3.36 €.5,60. 0.448. Huéng din 7 =! y= Fy AOA MOL Ny, = FP =0.15 mol So &b phan ing: {oft + cot 95.64 = 22.4 gam. 27 “Mg” [MgCi,iMgo Goi s6 mol cia Cl, va O, lan lot a x, y mol Bao toan kndl lugng: 71x + 32y + 2.7 + 3,6 = 22,1 — 71x + 92y = 18,8 () {Qua trinh nhueng - nh electron AI AI +30 Ol, +20 20r 01 403 x2 Mg—> Mg" +2e 0, 44¢>207 018 +03 yoy Bao toan electron: 2x + 4y = 0,6 (*) ovate a og (REO? Tu c)vac piace oe ‘Thé tich hn hop kh la: V = (0,2 + 0,05).22,4 = 5.6 It + Chon ©. ®‘Vi dy 3: Hoa tan hoan toan 2,61 gam hén hop Mg va Al bang dung dich HCI du thu duge 2,688 It higro (Akt). Cong lygng hin hop néy néu hda tan hodn ton bing H,SO, décrnéng thi thu duge 0,12 mol m6t sén phém X duy nt hin thanh do sy khiy S®. X AS. B.SO, CHS. D. S hod SO, Huéng din 12 mol Na og 7012 mol \Nh@n xét: Kim loa héa tri Khong 46i nén téng sé mol electron nhuong & hai phan la nh ‘nhau —» Sé mol electron nhn & hai phan cing nhur nhau. Phan 1: 2H" +20->H, Phan 2: S*+(6-a)e>S* 0.24-0,12 0.12162) 0.12 Ta: 0,12(6~a)= 0.24 ase Vay Xia $0, Chon B. ‘Vid 4: Hoa tan hodn toan 16,2 gam mot kim loai M bing dung dich HNO, duge 5,6 It (kc) hn hp khi A gdm NO va N, Bist A ngng 7.2.gam. Kim loai Mla: AFe. B.Zn, CAL D.cu. Huong dn Gol 6 mol NO va N, lin ot 8x, y mol Ta c6 he phuong tinh Cor oe 30x +28y=7,2 Bao toan electron MoM +e NS 430 3N? ere 03-01 — mol 2N* +106 ->N, 1.50.15 mol 182 , on Véin= 3, M=27 (théa man) ‘Vay kim loi M la nhom (Al) = Chon C.Phuong php 4 BAO TOAN DIEN TiC “S 1. Noi dung phuong phép inh luat bao toan dign tich: Trong mot hé c6 lap. dign tich duge bao toan Vi du: Dung dich X gBm 0,3 mol Nat rong dung dich: ‘a mol K’; 0,1 mol HCO; 0,15 mol CO} va ee er 0,05 mol SO. Téng kh lrong musi trong dung dich X 1a Ap dung: A.29,5 gam. B. 34,6 gam. Co thé gidi quyét doe nhiéu dang bal ©.28,5 gam. —_D. 33,8. gam. ‘8p ign quan én phan Ung tong 68 VO aug din ee Eo Ap dung dinh luat bao toan dign tich, ta c6: ‘knéng la phan Ging oxi ~ hoa khit. 0.3 +a=0,1 +0,15.2 + 0,05.2 Vit phuong trinn héa hos & dang ion ag thu gon. Khéi lung mudi trong dung dich la: Thudng két hop bi béo toan khéi wong, bao toan nguyén 6. Céng thie c&n nhé: Mien) = 2 Paemét Mo = My +My Meo, +Mag. Mop 3.23-+0,2.39+0,1.61 +0,15.60+0,05:96 .8gam + Chon B. BD 2. Vi du minh hoa ‘Vi dy 1: Dung dich X chia cae ion: 0,1 mol Fe, 0,2 mol Al*, x mol CI’, y mol SO >. (C6 can dung dich X thu dug 46,9 gam mu6i khan. Gia tr cla x va y an luot la: ‘A.0,124,va 0,388. 8. 0,320-va 0,290. C. 0,290 va0,305. D. 0,584 va 0,158. Huéng dn + Ap dung dinh luat bao toan dign ich, ta 6: 0,1.3 + 02.3 = x+ 2y x + 2y + Kndi lung mu6i khan: m=M,.s,+Mjs +Mgy + Mop 46,9 =0,1.56 + 0,2.27 + 35,5x +96y + 35,5x + 96y = 35.9 ("). K&t hop (*) va ("), ta durge: x = 0,584; y = 0,158, = Chon D. ® 9 (*).‘Vi du 2: Dung dich X chit 0,12 mot Na’;x mol $0; 0,12 molCr va 0,05 mol NH. Cho 300 mi dung dich Ba(OH), 0,1M vao X én Khi ce phan tng xdy a hoan toan, lo be két tia thu dug dung dich ¥. C8 can Y thu duge m gam chétrén khan. Git cde m ls A.7,190. B. 7,020. ©.7,875. D. 7,708. Hung din Pawo =0:3.0:1=0,03 mol n,,. = 0,08 mok;n.,, = 0,06 mol ++ Ap dung dinh luat bao toan diéntich cho dung dich X: 0,12 + 0,08 = 2x + 0,12 + x = 0,025 mol + Khi them dung dich Ba(OH), vao X, xy ra cdc phan tng: NH; +OH > NH,%+H,0 Ba* +SO; + BaSO,1 0,05 0.08 0,03 0,025 = 001 0,05 0,005 - 0,025 Dung dich Y chita cae ion: 0,12 mol Na*, 0,12 mol Cr’, 0,01 mol OH va 0,005 mol Bat. ki lwong cht rén khan ta: MaMg. +My, +My, +Mgye =0,12.23-+0,005.197 +0,12.36,5+0,01.1 7,875 gam, =» Chon ©. \Vidy 3: Hea tan hod toan hén hop abm x mol FeS, va 0,15 mol Cu,S vao dung aon axt HINO, (vita 6, thu age dung ich X (eh chia hai mu6i sunfat) va khi NO duy nhét Gis iota xia: 8.0060. 8B. 0,150, ©.0.075. D. 0,300. Hung dn X chi chia 2 mudi sunfat, kh NO la duy nt ~»S d& chuyén hét thanhSO?- 'Béo ton nguyén t6 Fe, Cu va Strong pan ng Fe*:x fees X jg MEX {ou 08 a SOF 244045 Béo ton dign tich trong dung dich X: 3x + 0.8.2 = 2.(2x + 0,15) + x= 033. + Chon D.Phuong phép 5 PHUONG PHAP BUONG CHED “1. Noi dung phuong phap Phuong phap duéng chéo la mt trong nihting phuong phép hdu higu dé giai nnhanh bai tap héa hoc & nhigu dang bai kende nau (bai todn cé ti khéi, dai long trung binh, pha ché dung dich, ...) ‘Thuong ap dung cho ca bai ton hn hop cha 2 thanh phan ma yéu cu bai toan la xéc din #16 2 thanh phan 66, DZ 2Viduminn hoa Tider Mosca Marana oes Vi du: Trong ty nhién Cu o6 2 déng vila Cu va Cu. Nguyén ti khéi trung binh ‘ola Cu la 63,54, cita clo la 35,5. Phan tram {dng vj Cu trong ty nhién la A.2T%. B.77%. ©. 23%, D. 73%. Huong din ‘Ap dung phurong phap duréng chéo ta cé: cum #69). 65~63.54= 148 Jeet cum =65)*6s,54-69 = 04 Cu _ 146 Tapagaa100%=73% Vi di 1 Cho 6,12 gam Mg téc dung vei dung dich HNO, thu éurge dung dich X chi o6 ‘mot mudi va hn hop kh Y gdm NO va N,O 6 ti khbi ha G6i v6i hidro bang 16,75. Thé tich NO va NO (Gktc) thu duge lan hagt a: ‘A.2,240 It va 6,720 lit. ©.0,672 lit va 2016 lt B.2,0161Itva 0,672: D. 1,972 lit va 0,448 I. Hugng din Goi s6 mol cia NO Va NO lin let 8x, y mal ‘Ap dng phurong phap duémg chéo ta ob: M, = 16,75: NO(M=30) 10,5 x_105_3 335 > x-3y= 00°) N,O(M 244) ™ 35 y 36 $2 «0,255 mol Bao toan electron: Mg—> Mg" +2e NS+3e3N7 0.255 0,51 mol xox mol 2NS + 80 — 2N" =. 0,51 = ax + By (*4) By 2y molIeee HDMI Tu (7) va (") ta 66: x= 0,09 va y = 0,08. Vay thé tich cc ki thu durge la: Vg) = 0,09.22,4= 2,016 it Vigo =0.08.22,4= 0,672 Iit = Chon B. i. ‘Vidu2: 6 chy hodn toan hén hop 2 hirocacbon ding dng ké tp, thu due 7,82 gam (CO, va 5.04 gam H,0. Thanh phan phan tram vb thé tich cia mi chSt trong hn hop du A.25% va 75%. B.30%vA70%. 0.40% va60%. D. 20% va 80%. Hugng dn Neo, FeCl, + 2FeCl, + 44,0 0,02 0,16 mol Vay Varo 48 = Chon D. 16 it. Vidy 2: Hoa tan hoan oan 5,68 gam hn hop X 6 dang bot gbm S, FeS va FeS, trong dung dich HNO, dc néng, du thu dirge 0,69 mol NO, (sn phim kh duy nh) va dung dich Y. Cho dung dich ¥ tac dung v6i dung dich BaCl, du thu duge m gam Ket tia Git ia ml A. 10,486. B. 11,650 ©. 17,545. 20,970. Huéng din Fe: x mol Quy ai nbn hop X than { oe “Theo inh hut bdo toan khbilzong, ta ob: 86x + 82y = 5,68 *)‘Qua trinh nhuéng - nh electron Fe>Fe™ +3e N° +e -9N" x 3x 0.69 — 0,69 S+S* +66 yo ey Bao toan electron: 3x + 6y = 0,69 ("*) 05 os SO} +Ba"* + BaS0, 4 009 009 Vay kndi luong két ta thu due la: = Chon D. Tir (1) va ("*) ta 06: 09.233 = 20,97 gam. Vi du 3: Cho 11.96 gam hén hgp A gdm Fe, FeO, Fe,0, va Fe,0, phan ting hét véi ‘dung dich HNO, loing (du), thu duge 1,344 lt khi NO (san phim Khir duy nt, & dt) vva dung dich X. C6 can dung dich X thu dirge m gam muéi khan, Git cia m la: 8.36.30. B, 38,72. ©. 49,09, 24,36. Huéng dan Quy dBi hn hop A thanh {Fe: mol Ory mol ‘Theo dinh Iuat bao toan khéi luong, ta c6: 56x + 16y = 11,36 (*) 1344 _ Tho = $88 0,06 mot (Qué trinh nhurémg - nan electron Fe—Fe+3e 0+2e+07 x 3K mol 2y-y mol Ne+3e5N2 0.18 — 0,06 mol Bo toan electron: 3x ~2y = 0,18 ("*) 118 > Myon, =0.18 mol THe) vac) ta oof 05 h6i inong mu6i thu aug lm =0,16.242 = 98,72 gam. — Chon B. ®PHAN 1: LOP 12Phan 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM BS i. Este a. Khai ‘Ancol la nhong hop chat hitu co trong phan tty c6 nhém OH lign két trye tiép véi aguyén tir cacbon no. ‘Axit cacboxylic I8 nhting hop chét hou ‘co ma phan tir c6 nhém cacboxyl (-COOH) lign két truc tiép voi nguyén tir cacbon hoe nguyén ti hiro. Khi thay thé nhom -OH & nhom cacboxyl cia axit cacboxylic bing nhém -OR’ (R’ # H) thi dugc este. b. Danh phap + Ten este = Ten géc hidrocacbon + Tén ‘96c axit RCOO (audi “at") + M@t 96 g6c hidrocacbon thong gap: CH=: metyl C,H. phenyl C.H,~ ety C\H.CH,-: benzyl CH=CH vinyl (CH,),0" ter-butyl (CH,= CH-CH,: anlyl (CH,CH,CH,CH,=: butyl CH,CH(CH,)CH,~: isobuty! CH,CH,CH(CH,)-: sec-butyl + Mot s6 anion géc axit thudng a8p: HCOO-: fomat CH,COO-: axetat ‘CH,CH,COO-: propionat @ ESTE - LIPIT Vidy: Anco etylic(C,H,0H) thanh phn chinh trong rugu bia ‘Vi dA fomic (HCOOH) trong noc kién, anit axetic(CH,COOH) trong gidm an, 6 a RCOOH ——> RCOOR’ CH,COOH —+cH,COOCH, ‘Vi dy: Chat X 06 ong thire céu tao (CH,COOCH,CH, Ta goi ten X nhur sau: CH,COO-CH,CH, oly! axetat Vay X 1 ety! axetat«Tinh ohdt vat Tin gal|cogeae Powe * Cac este Ia chat lng hose chdt rén 6 digu kign thuéng va ching rat it tan trong Isoamy! xetat] CH,COOCH,CH,CH(CH,) nuée. +f, (este) RCOOH+R'OH s: CH;COOCH, +H- OH“ =—>CH,COOH + C,H.OH ‘= Phan dng thiy phan trong moi trubng kibm (phn Ging xa phong ha) a phan ng mot chibu, RCOOR's NaOH" >RCOONa+R'OH Vi dy: HCOOCHH, +NaQH—* >HCOONa + C.H,OH dn mg 66tohay este no, don che, mech hi an-2, 2 Vidy: cr.coocH, +20, +300, +3440 CHO. + ‘0, "nO, +nH,0 Mét sé phn Ung khéc + sto khdng no tham gia phan Ung cng va phan ng tring hep. Vi du: Met acryato6 phan ing céng véi dung dich brom va e8 phan img tring hep CH, = CHCOOCH, +Br —> CH,Br-CHBrCOOCH; NCH, = CH-COOCH, —"#*-»{CH, -CH, bo0cH, + Este HCOOR 06 phan ting trang guong ging andehit. {mol HCOOR #2, 2 mol Ag + Este cia phenol phan img voi kiém du tao ra 2 mudi va nuéc. Vidy: ~~ HCOOC-Hs + 2NaOQH—"—»HCOONa + C;H-ONa +H,0 @@. Bibu ché Phan img este ha COOH + R'OH "=" >RCOOR'+ HOH Vid: (CH;COOH +HO-[CH,} ~CH(CH, ==" CH,COO -[CHy}, -CH(CH, jo + H:0 ‘Arcot oame amy aaa Phan tmg riéng diéu ché vinyl axotat CH.COOH+ CH= CH—S" 5CH,COOCH = CH, §.Ung dung Apatow 1). + Cong thie t8ng quat cia este tao bd axit don chute, no, mach hd va ancol don chire ro, mach hé 6 dang: C,H,,.,COOC,H.,., ay C.H,O, (n 2). (Vi dy: Este dau day dbng ding la HCOOCH, o6 céng hire phan ti C,H,0,) + Chon B ‘Vi dy 2: Nngn inh ndo sau day la Khéng ding? [A Ten este RCOOR’ gm tén gbc hidrocacbon R' + tén gBe axt(4U0i “a BB. Khithay nhém ~OH cia axt cacboxyiic thanh nhém -OR' thi duge este. C. Phan dg thiy phan este trong mi rung kibm la phan Ung métchidu va gol l& phain dng x8 phéng héa, . Phan ding thy phan este trong moi trromg axl phan ding mat chidu va goi phan Ling este nda Hyéng dn ‘AGiing vi ten este RCOOR’= t8n g6c hidrocacbon R'+ ten g6c axit RCOO (dubi “at. Vid: CH,COOC.H, 05 t8n fa ety axetat. B ating vi khi thay thé nhém ~OH 6 nhém cacboxy cla axit cacboxyic bang nhém ~OR’ thi duge este. RCOOH —> RCOOR’ C dung vi phan (rng thiiy phan este trong mdi trudng kiém la phan ing mot chiéu (phan «ng xd pong hea). RCOOR' +NaQH—*+RCOONa +R'OH D sai vi pining thy phn est trong mal téng axit la phan img thun nghich, Vi du: CH,COOGH, + H,0="#2"—2cH,COOH + C.H,0H ~ Chen D. e@\Vidy 3: Céng thire nao sau day o6 thé la cong thie cla chdt béo? ‘A.CH,COOCH.CH, B.C,,H,,COOCH, ©. (C,H,,C00),C.H, D.(CH.,COO),6H,. Huéng dn Chat béo a trieste cia glixrol voi axit béo, gol chung la trgixeit hay triaxygixeal. Cong thire edu tao chung cia chat béo: ReOO-cH, RECOO- CH R'C00-CH, (tong 46 R', Re, Ra g6e hidrocacbon, cé thé giéng nhau hos Kha nhau) Voi cée chat a8 bai cho, chi e6 (C,H,,COO),C,H, la chat béo. = Chon D. Vi u 4: Phat biéu nao sau day khng ding? [A Tiolein 6 kha néng tham gia phan ting cng hiro Khi dun néng o6 xtc te Ni B, Céc chat béo thuéng khdng tan trong nuse va nhe hon nude ©. Chat béo atest cia etyen glial véi cfc axl béo D. Trong phan ing este héa, exit sunfurc vira tam xdo te viva 0 te dung hit utc, do 46 lam tng higu suat tao este. Huéng din ‘A.ling violin 6 kh nding tham gia phn tng cg hidro kh dun néng 66 xc tc Nitgo tistearin (Ci7HssCOO)s CoH + 3H, —*—>(CpHaeCOO)s Css 8 ciing vi fe cht béo thutmg Khéng tan trong nue va nhe hon nus. sai vi cht béo la triste cia alter v6i a bo. Crs -COOCH, Vide: tistearin Gy, GOOCH Crths -COOCH, © dling vi rong phan tng este hda ngudita dng ax sunurc via am xic tc via 06 te yng hit aust 46 lam tang higu sud tao este = Chen 6. @2. Bai tap ty luyén Cau 4 (1D: 14624) Este X 06 cng thie cu tao thu gon CH,COOCH,CH,CH,, Vay tn gol cia Xl ‘A. metyl butiat B. propyl axetat, ©. ety! propionat. D. isopropyl axetat. (Cau 2 (ID: 14625) Este C,H,COOCH, cf tén la ‘A. mety propionat B. motyl este. . ety! mety este D. ely! propionat (Cau 3 (ID: 14626) Chat nao sau day thudc logi este no, don chive, mach he? ‘A.CH,= CHCOOCH,. B. CH,COOC,H, ©. CH,COOC.H,. D. CH,COOGH = CH,, (Cau 4 (1D: 14628) Tipanmitin o6 cbng thie la: A.(CyH,,COO), GH,. B.(CH,gCOO), C.H,. ©.(C.gH,,COO), CH. D.(C,,H.jCOO), GH,. ‘Cau 5 (ID: 14644) Nhan xét nao sau day khéng Ging? ‘A. Hidro héa hoan toan triolein hod trinolein dBu thu duge tristearin. B. Chét béo [a este cia glixerol va cc axit C. Dau ma agng vat bi i thiu do C = C bi oxi héa cham trong khdng kh! tao peoxit, chét nay bj phan hy tgo sn phm o8 mui kh chi. . Chat béo ne hon nuéc va khong tan trong nuée. Cau 6 (1D: 14652) Cac este thutng c6 mdi thom a8 chiu:Isoamyl axetat o6 mai chubi chin, ‘ly! butirat ob mai dira chin, ety! isovalerat c6 mui téo,... Este co mui chu6i chin o6 cong thi cfu tao thu gon la: ‘A.CH,COOCH,CH(CH,),. B. CH,COOCH,CH,CH(CH,), ©.CH,COOCH,CH(CH, )CH,CH, D. CH,COOCH(CH, )CH,CH,CH,. (Cau 7 (ID: 18411) Cho céc phat bibu sau: (2) Chat bo nhe han music, Khong tan trong nus nnung tan trong céc dung moi hou co” kknéng phan cue. (0) Chat bé0 Ia treste cia glixerol vi cdc axit bee. () Phan ing thiy phan chat béo trong mi truéng kiém la phan dng thuan nghich. (4) Tistearin 66 nhigt 49 néng chay cao hon nhigt 46 néng chai cia triolein. 86 phat bidu ding la: a2 BA. 4. D3. own (a [zalaeleo[ss]ee[ 7. @Dang 2: sng phan 1. Phuong phap gid + Céng thure tinh dd bat bo hoa k: CHONG, Bedeystea * Bbng phan cia este no, don chic, mach hdr ng thire:{S8 ang phan = 2° (n <5) * dng phan cia este Khéng no, don hire, mach he Cha y + DB bai hdl 86 dng phan thi phai tinh 4 dng phan inh ng. + DB bai héi sé dng phan cu tao thi Kong tin dng phan hinh gc. + Bibu kign o6 dng phan hinh hoe: Ae t ab joc: pO Ng leva Vi dy: $6 dng phan este ing v6i cong thie phan ti C,H,0, fa A2 B4 C6 D8. Huéng dn Tinh 49 bat bao hoa k CHO, k= 4242-8. 2 — Este no, don chirc, mach ha. lich 1: Ligtké cdc déng phan RCOOR’ S6C(R+R)=3=043=14 Tu 46 ta 06 céc déng phan sau: HCOOCH,-CH,-CH, CH,COOC.H, HCOOCH-CH, _C,H,COOCH, cen 2: Bina ca tet han ‘86 dng phan = 292 = 2 = 22= 4 ~ Chon B. Vi dy: Este X 06 c6ng thire phan tir C,H,0,,. $6 dng phan mach hi cia X ta A2 B4 66 DB Hugng dn Tinh a6 bat bao hoa k C0, k= 4242-8 2 = Este o6 hai lién két m (117 trong nhém chive v8 1 Ta) S6C(R+R)=3=204+3=2142=244 Tir 46 ta c6 cc déng phan sau: HCOOCH=CH-CH, (06 déng phan hinh hoc) HCOOCH,-CH=CH,, HCOOP = CH, H, CH,COOCH=CH,, CH.=CHCOOcH, =X 066 dng phén mach he = Chon ¢. 2ne Me esc} + Bang phan cia este chia véng tham Vi du: $6 cong thie cu tao ela este X (C,H,0,) la: A. B.4. 5. D6. Huéng an Tinh 46 bat bao hia k C,H,0; k= 822-8 5 — Este don cht, chia mét ving thom dang RCOOR. S6C(R+R)=7=0+7=146=6+1 —+ Cac déng phan este chira ving benzen cia C,H,0, la Hee CHs met) ome) Cyn = chon D. + Dbng phan aia chat béo Tir n loai axit béo c6 thé tao ra ti da (ogi ch&t béo kha nhau. Vi dy: Bun néng glixerolv6i hn hop hai axit COOH va R'COOK (xéc tac H,SO, 6c) thi thu duge t6i da bao nhieu este? a3. BA. a5. D6. Huéng din ch 1: Ligtk8 cde déng phan TH 1: Este 66 3 g6e axit béo giéng nhau: (RCOO),C,H,, (R'COO),C} TH 2: Este 66 2 g6e axit béo giéng nhau: [2R + R] va [2R' +R] mBi td hop 66 2 dng phan R-cOOcH, ——-R-COOCH, R-COOCH, ——_-R“COOCH. R-COOCH ——R-COOCH coc R-COOCH, —-R-COOGH: R-COOCH. + C6 tt cd 6 déng phan (Cach 2: Sir dyng cOng thi tinh nhanh: $é este t6i da = Chon D, @2. Bai tp ty luyén ‘Cau 1 (ID: 30796) C6 bao nhieu este dng phan chu tgo cla nhau od cing cdng thie phan tH CH,.0.2 a6. 8.7, ©.8. D9. a2 (14825 34 og Pn et am Gn veg toe GH, AD. c.3. Ds. 209 iD: 1485) 88 an pn bu to este tn vt cng he 0, Ato 8.9. ©.7. D5. ‘Cau 4 (ID: 15394) Cho glixerol phan dng véi hén hop axlt béo gbm C,,H,.COOH va. C,.H,,COOH, Sé lai trieste t6 da tao ra la: A3 BA. c.5. D6. ‘Cu 5 (ID: 15395) Khi dun néng glixerol vei hén hop 3 axit béo: C.,H.,COOH, C,H,,COOH, C.,H,COOH 48 thu duge chét béo kha nau. Sé cong thre cu tao 06 thé 06 la bao nhidu? ‘A21 B18, 6.16 D.12. ‘Cau 6 (ID; 15426) Bun néng glixerol voi hn hyp bén axit: axit axetic, axit stearic, axit pan- mili va ait oleic 6 mat H,SO, 8c xtc te thu aug ti da bao nhiBu cht béo no? Ae. B.4. 8. De, cipn (oe [0 [+0 [SB] eA) Dang 3: Phan ing a6t chay 1. Phuromg phép git Vi dy: 86t chdy hoan toan mét long * Détchay este no, don chite, mach he GH,COOGH, thu éuge 0,3 mol Khi CO, 0,—3nC0,+nH,0 (Bk). $6 mal nuée thu duge la A.0,t mol B.0.2 mol ‘Céng thie: [Reo, = Riso] €.0,3mol. —_D. 0,4 mol. Hugng dn 0 BBtchdy esto ma ta kb vin ete a6 no, on che, mach 46h TT theo phuong tinh née Hee v.06 cng thie bg quia C.H,0,(022). CH.COOCH, 20, —* +300, + 310 03 +03 (C&ch 2: Str dung céng thi tinh nhanh Te 05: CH,COOCH, ia mot este no, don ccc, mach h& Mo =e Chon C. 3 mollien kat C=C. chi: ‘Bét chay este ma thita két luan este 46 don chirc, mach hd, c6 1 lign k&t C= C vi o6 cbng thie ting quat la 4H, .0,(02 3). ‘Bét chay met este bét kita lubn cé: [Roa, —Miua = (k= 1M vi k la d6 bat bao hoa cia este. ‘+ Ap dung ce dinh luat bao toan ‘Dinh luat bao toan nguyén t6: BINT C: 6 Cay) = Siete = oe Tam Pate BINT H: 66 Hg) = ese) = Bo Pon Pate BINTO: eens) + Norexpun= Reon) +Roo) €2 yup -$8.Q yun) + 2Roypur = Bes, + Myo ® Vi dy: Bt chy hoan toan 0,15 mol CH,COOCH = CH, thu durge 0,6 mol ki CO, (Gktc). $6 mol nude thu dug la: A015 mol, B.0,25 mol ©.035mo. —_.0.45 mol Hudng din Céch 1: Tinh theo phuong trinh héa hoc CHCOOCH= CH +20, +400, +340 06 +045 (Céch 2: Sr dyng cng thie tinh nhanh Ta cb: CH,COOCH = CH, la mét este don hire, mach he, 06 1 ibn kB C= C ? Roxcoocticr = Reo, — Mo ~ngo =0,8-0.15 = 0,48 mol = Chon D, Vi dy: 86 chay haan toan 0.1. mol CH,COOGH, cn dling @ mol Kh ©,, thu ‘due b mol khi CO,. Gi tr cia a va b lin lugt la: A.0,35¥8030. 8.0.90 va0,30. €.0.35va035. 0.0.30 va 0.35 Hudng dn BINT C: $6 Cay) = 22% co 3 = ED se 0, Neg, =3.0,1=0,3 mol BINTH: as = Mo co 6 = se no =0,3 mol BINTO: ++ oon) = Meo +Ro4o een 560 ua) +2Ojar =2Mco, + Myo 201.2 +2Moyge =2-0,9403 = Rope =0,95 mol = Chen A. eee)inh lugt bao toan khéi lrgng: Ch 1: Mg, = me +m, +My ‘Trude phan ang 2.Vidy minh hoa. Vi dy: B8t chy hoan toan m gam mot ‘este no, don chirc, mach hé can ding (0,36 mol khi O,, Sau phan tng thu duge thu due 0,3 mol khi CO, . Gi tr ca m i AT3. B74 6.75. D768. Huéng din Do este ban dau l& no, don chirc, mach he EN Meo, = Ma =03 mol cach 1: ‘Ap dung dinh luat bao toan nguyén ts een) = Peo, = 0.8 mol Pees) = 2h =0,6 mol Moje) = Ben, +0 ~2Nojy = 0-2MOI mg, =m, tM, +My 0:3.12+06.140.2.16 =7.4 gam Catch 2: Mase + Meg = Meo, + M0 > Mae = Meo, + MO — Mops 44 +0,3.18-0,95.32 = Chon B. Vi dy 1: B6t chay hoantoan moteste no, don chute, mach hé th thdy 86 mol CO, sinh ra bing s6 mol 0, & phan tng, Tén goi ca este ls A. otyl axctat C. n-propyl axetat. B. metylfomiat. D. metyl axetat. ®Huong dn ‘Goi cong thitc ting quat cia este no, don chitc, mach hé X ta C,H,,0, (n 22). Gia 88 noo, =o, =1 mol. Phuong trinh héa hoe: 30-2, CoH Oe + 2 ‘0, —+nCO, +nH,O- Theo Pr: a) Theat Po mal n-on=2 ~+ Este la HCOOCH,(Metylfomiat) = Chon B. Vi dy 2: Bét chay hain toan 7.4 gam mét este dom chic X thu duge 6,72 It ki CO, (dktc) va 5,4 gam nude. Céng thire phan tir cla X 1a: A.CHO,. B.CH,0, c.C Hy D.CH,0, Huéng dn 72 _ I: yo = = Pea, = 9p.4 709 MO Myo = Fe = 0:9 mol Do 26 mol CO, bing e6 mol H,O nén este ban abu ne, don chire, mach hd. ch 1: Tinh theo phuong tinh héa hoe Goi céng thite chung cia este X l&:C,H,,O, (02). Ta 66: hes = 3n-2, 1. Tan+30 Phuong trinh héa hoc: C,H,,0, + 8°=29," snco, +nH,O 03 mol ich 2: Sir dung cde nh at bo toan ‘Theo inh lugt bdo toan nguyén tb: ne =Nco, =O:8 makin =2ryo =0,6 mal Too anh Wut bdo ton kndilvong: m= m, +m, + my mM, Mg Me My = 3.2. gam 2. mol —n, Dosa con cc tee = re =f.02-0%m +86 Cleste) = 222 - 3 + Céng thire cia este la: C,H,0,. = Chon B, @\Vidy 3: X fa hn hop 2 este don che (tao bBi cing mgt ancol véi 2 axit lién ip trong {ay dBng éang), Bét chy ho8n toan 29,2 gam X duge 1,4 mol CO, va 1,4 mol H,0. Cong thde phan ti 2 este la A.CHH,O, va C,H,0,. B.CH,0, va C,H,0,. €..C1H,0,8 C,H,.0,. D.CH,0,va C,H,.0,. Huong on Do sé mol CO, biing ¢6 mol H,O nén hal este ban dau no, don chise, mach Goi cbng thize chung ea hai este la: CH,;0. (n> 2). ‘Theo dinh luét bdo toan khéi wong: m.,, = m, +m, +m, =m, —m,—m, =14.12-1,4.2 ,6 gam 0,6 mot Trong este co 2 nguyén tir O > Na 3 mol Fale 44 = inh = A= = M4 467 ‘86 C trung bi maa Vay hai este Ia: C,H,0,v8 C,H,,0,, + Chon C. Vi du 4: Bét ehay hoa toan m gam hn gp céc este no, don chite, mach he. San phd ‘chay duroc dln vao binh dung dung dich nue vai trong dur théy khi wong binh tang 6,2 ‘gam, Sé mol H,O sinh ra va kh long két tia tao ra lin lugt la ‘A.0,10 mol; 12,0 gam. B. 0,10 mot; 10,0 gam. ©. 0,01 mot; 10.0 gam. . 0,01 mot; 1.2 gam. Huéng dn hi d6t chay este no, don chiro, mach hd: feo, = Ryo = x mol Ta.05: Magy Mess +Myo =62 © dx +18x =6.2 > x=04 Ki din sin phn chay qua dung éich nude v6i trong du thi CO, 88 phén ng v6i Ca(OH), 490 két tia CaCO; CO, + Ca(OH), + CaCO; +H,0 OAmol > 0,1 mal 1.400 =10gam. “> Mayes = Meco, = Chon B.3, Bal tap ty luyén ‘Cau 1 (ID: 17933) Mét este no, don chitc, mach hé khi chay cho 3,6 gam H,0 va Vit CO, (Gk). Git cia Vt A224 B.1,12 ©..3,36 D448 ‘Cau 2 (ID: 17935) B6t chay hoan toan a gam hn hop céc este no, dan chire, mach ha. ‘San phim chay duge dn vao binh dung nuréc voi trong dur, théy kh rong binh tang 6.2 gam. $6 mol CO, va H,0 sinh ra lan luot a A.0,10va 0,10. B. 0,10 va 0,01 6.0.01 va0,10. D.0,01 va 0,01 (Cau 3 (1D: 17936) Khi dt chay 0,1 mol este C,H,,.0,(n2 3) ta thu éuugc 0,3 mol CO,, y mol HO. Gia tr ota y ta 4.020. 8.0.10. c..008. 0.0.30, (Cau 4 (1D: 17938) Bd chay hoan oan 7,8 gam este X thu duge 11,44 gam CO, va 4,68 gam H,0. Céng thire phan tir cia este la A.O}H.0, B.C,H,0, 6.C,HO, D.C,H,0, Cau 5 (ID: 17947) Hn hop X gdm vinyl axetat, metyl axetat va ely! fomat. B6t chay hoan toan 3,08 gam X thu duzge 2,16 gam H,0. Phin trim 6 mol cia vinyl axetat trong X A. 25,00%. B.27,02%. ©. 72.08%. D.75,00%. (Cau 6 (ID: 30799) Bdt chay hoa toan hin hep X gBm: ety! axetat, metylaxetatrbicho tozn bo sn phdm chay vao binh (1) dung dung dich H,S0, dc du, binh (2) dying dung dich Ba(OH), du. Két thic thi nghigm thdy khéi lugng binh (1) tang thém m gam, Binh (2) thu urge 10,835 gam két tia, Gid tr oa m la A090. 8.0.99, 6.081 D. 1.08 (Cau 7 (1D: 30808) X 1a hén hop hal este don chat (tao bdi cling mot axit voi hal anol én tibp trong day dng dng). Bét chay hodn to&n 21,4 gam X duge 1,1 mol CO, va 0,9 mol H,0. Céng thie phan tir hai este A.C}H,0, vaC.H,0, B..C,H,0, v8 G,H,,0,. ©.0,H,0, va C,H,0, D..O,H,0, va CHO, dapan (1-p | 2-a | 3-A] 4-c | 5-a | 6-8] 7-8 ®19 4: Phan dng thy phan 1. Phuong phap gid * Phan tig thiy phan trong ml trong exit RCOOR'+H,0—“* >RCOOH+R'OH + Phan Gg thiy phan trong mdi trrémg kidm (phan tng xa pong ha) RCOOR's NaQH—" >RCOONa+R'OH Vi dy: Bun ning esto CH,COOC,H, tong smoiturong att thanh hing sn pdm gi? A.C}H,COOH, C#,0H 8. CH,COOH, CH,CHO ©. CH,COOH, CH,CHO. D. CH,COOH, C.H,0H ‘Huong din Phuong tinh héa hoe crsco0cs «Hho +cH4C00H HOH Vay ce sin phdm te0 thanh le CH,COOH va C,H,0H = chon D Vi dy: Bun néng este CH,COOC,H, voi mt lugng vira di dung dich NaOH tao thanh nhdng san phim gi? ‘A. C,H,COONa, CH,OH. B. C,H,COONa, CH,CHO. ©. CH,COONa, CH,CHO. D. CH,COONa, C,H,0#. Hudng din Phuong trinh héa hoc CH.COOGH, +NaOH—* +CH.COONS + C.H.OH Vay cc san phim tgo than i: CH,COONa va C,H,0H. = Chon D. + Mot sé trudng hop thiy phan este dic bist (ta0 andehit, xeton, phenolat) Vi dy: Bun néng este CH,COOCH=( phim thu duge la ‘A. CH,=CH,COONa + CH: = CH-OH 4 CH -CH=0 © day, sau khi thy phan ta thu dupe mubi CH,COONa va m6t ancolkhéng bn CH.=CH-OH, ancol nay lp tr bi chuyn hea thanh andebit CH, CHO. Vay cde san phim thu duge l&: CH,COONa va CH,CHO. + Chon B. Vi dy: Bun néng este CH,COOC(CH,}=CH, voi mot lugng vira di dung dich NaOH, sn phim thu duge ‘A. CH,=CHCOONa va CH,OH. B. CH,COONa va CH,COCH,, ©. CH,COONa va CH,=C(CH,)OH. D. C,H,COONa va CH,OH. Huong dn Phuong tinh ha hoc: (CH,COOCICH, )= CH, +NaQH—">CH,COONa + CH, = C(CH,)-OH ey CH; —C(CH;)=O © aay, sau khi thy phan ta thu dugc mudi CH,COONa va mét ancol Khong bin CH,=C(CH,) - OH, ancol nay lap tae bi chuyBn héa thanh xeton CH,COCH,. ‘Vay cae sn phdm thu duc la: CH,COONa va CH,COCH,, Chon B, Vi dy: Khi thay phn HCOOG,H, trong moi trréng kiém du th thu dug ‘AA mudiva 1 anco B. 2mubi va nude. 6.2 musi D.2nugu va nuse. Huéng ain Phuong tinh ha hoc: HCOOC.H, + 2NaQH—" sHCOONa + CH,ONa + H.0 © ay, khi thdy phan este cia phenol ta sé thu dug hén hop 2 mudi va nude, = Chon B. ®2. Vidy minh hoa ‘Vid 4 Chit do sau di ki dun néng vb dung dich NaOH thu duge sn phim ob andehit? A. CH.=CH-COO-CH,-CH,, B, CH,-COO-C(CH,)=CH,. ©. CH,-COO-CH,-CH=CH.. D. CH,-COO-CH=CH-CH, Hudng dan Ce phuong tinh hd he: CH, = CH-COO- CH, ~CH, +NaOH—*+CH, = CH~COONa + CH, ~CH, ~OH (ancol) CH, -COO-C(CH,) = CH, «NaOH +H, -COONa + (CH): ~G =O (xeton) (CH, -COO-CH, - CH = CH; +NaOQH—"+CH, ~ COONa+ CH, = CH~CH, ~ OH (ancol) Ht, -COO~CH=CH-CH, NaOH —sCH, -COONa + CH, ~CH, -CH= 0 (aneehit Chon D. Vic 2: Xa phéng héa hodn ton 4.4 gam CH,COOC,H, bang mét ema dung dich NaOH vira di C6 can dung sich sau phan ig, thu étuge m gam mubi kan. Git ca m Add B52. 25, D. 1.4, 4a Huéng dn coors = Ge = 0,05 mol Ta cb: Now Fg ~ 0.08 mol Phuong trinh ha hoo: CH.COOC.H, + NaOH" 5 CH.COONa + CH,0H 0,05 > 0,05 mol > moxcoons = 0,058.82 = 4,1 gam + Chon A. Vi dy 3: Xa phong héa hoan toan 4,4 gam CH,COOC,H, bing 300 mi dung dich NaOH 0,2M. C6 can dung dich sau phan tng, thu duge a gam chét rén khan. Gié tr cla ala A858. 8.3.28 ©.6.40. 4,50. Huéng din Tab: naxsooen = 44 0,05 mot raon =0,3.0,2=0,06 mol — NaOH dur (CH,COOC;H, + NaOH—" >CH.COONa + C.H,0H 0.05 > 0,05 0,05 mol 08 - 0,05 = 0.01 mol ‘Mencoone + Mons 0,05.82+0,01.40= 4,5 gam = Ponar + Chon D.B+ mon Hoa hoc ki t Vi dy 4: Cho 13,6 gam phenyl axetat tc dung véi 200 mi dung dich NaOH 1,5M dun rnéng. Sau khi phan ding xdy ra hoan ton thu duoc dung dich X. CO can X thu duge b gam cohdt rén khan. Gia tr cba bia: A856. B. 32,80. 64,00. . 23,80. Huong dn $38 «0,1 mot msn =02.15 =0,3 mol — NaOH dur Ta 6: Rencooys 136 Phuong trinh hia hoo: (CHyCOOCGH, + 2NaOH—*>CH,COONa + CH.ONa+H,0 01 > 02 + Of + of mol = Mucus = 0:3—0,2 = 0,1 mol + Man = B= Mecoone + Mejeons + Monar =0.1.82+0.1.116 +0,1.40 = 23,8 gam = Chon D. \Vi dy 5: Cho 0,05 mol tristearin (C,,H,,CO0),C,H,) téc dung haan toan véi dung dich NaOH du. dun néng, thu duoc m gam alixero. Gia rela m a: A278. B46. 6.92 D144, Huong dn Phuong tinh héa he (CyH4000),C4H, + 8NaOH—"+30,,H,,COONa + CH, (OH), 0.05 > 005 mol + Mpg, = 0.08.92 = 4,6 gam + Chon B 3. Bal tap ty yen (Cau 1 (1D: 15442) Xa phong hoa hoan toan a mol tilein rong dung dich NaOH vira 4 thu Gur9¢ @ mol glixerol va ‘A.3a mol natr oleat B.amol axit oleic. . 3a mol ait oleic, D.a mol nat leat. (Cau 2 (ID: 15443) Cho 0,15 mol tristearin téc dung ho’n ton véi dung dich NaOH du. Bun ning thu duxge m gam glixero. Gi tr cia m la A278, B.92 0.144 0.138. (Cau 9 (ID: 15444) Xa phong hod hodn to&n 89 gam chat béo X bing dung dich NaOH thu duvge 9.2 gam glixerol vam gam xa phong. Git cla ml A918 8.838 c.798 D982. ®‘cau 4 (ID: 15469) Phat bidu ding la: ‘A. Phan ting gita axit va ancol cb mat H,SO, 6c a phan ng mot chib B, Tét cd cc este phn ting vei dung dich kiém luén thu éuge mu6i va anco C.Khi thdy phan chét béo luén thu dug C,H,(OH), D. Pha Ging thi phan este trong mai rung axit a phan ang thuén nghich, ‘Cau 5 (ID: 15475) Cho céc chat: triolein, mety! metacrylat, axit propionic, metylamonifomat, phenyl fomat. C6 bao nhigu chét trong s6 cde chét ten Kh tac dung voi dung dich NaOH thu urge ancol? AD B.3. 4. Ds. (Cau (ID: 15477) Este Xc& cong thite phan tr C,H,0,,. Bun ndng 8,0 gam X trong dung dich [NaOH via di dén khi phan ting xy ra hoan toa thu éurge m gam muéi. Gi tr cba ma 482 8.123. ¢.102 D. 150. Cu 7 (ID: 15480) Khi cho este X don chite tac dung vira dd véi NaOH thu dupe 9,52 gam nat fomiat va 8.4 gam ancol. Vay X ‘A. mety fomiat B. ety fomiat. . propyl fornia, D. buty fomiat ‘Cu 8 (ID: 15481) Xa phdng héa hoan toan 8,8 gam etyl axetat bang dung dich chira 8 gam NaOH, C6 can dung deh sau phan tng Airs hao nhidu gam chat rén khan? A.8,2 gam. B.12.2.gam, ©. 102 gam. . 14,0 gam cau 8 (ID: 15489) Tron 13,6 gam phenyl axetat vi 250 ml dung dich NaOH 1M. Sau ki phan mg x2y ra hoa ton, cB can dung dich durge m gam chat rin khan. Gia treba mf 82 B.216 ¢.198. 2.218 ‘cau 10 (10: 15486) Chét hau eo dan ehise X eb phan tr Khai bang 88 gamimol. Cho 17,6 {gam X tac dung v6i 300 mi dung dich NaOH 1M dun néng. Sau d6 dem c6 can dung dich ‘sau phan Ung thu duge 23,2 gam ba rén Khan. X 06 cng tho la A.C,H,COOH, —_B. HCOOCH, C.CH,COOCH,, _D.C.H,COOCH, Cau 11 (ID: 15552) Bun néng 0,2 mol este dam chitc X v6i 135 ml dung dich NaOH 2M. Sau hi phan ng xy ra hoan toan, c® can dung dich thu éugc ancol etylic va 19,2 gam chat ran khan, Cong thie edu tao cua X ta ‘A.CH,COOCH, B.C,H,COOC,H, _C.C,H,COOH.—_D.C,H,COOC.H,. Cau 12 (ID: 15596) Xa phong héa hoan toan 22,2 gam hén hgp 2 este gdm HCOOC,H, va CH,COOCH, bing dung dich NaOH 1M (dun néng). Thé tch dung dich NaOH t6 thibu cd dng la A, 400 mi B. 300 mi. 150 m. D. 200 ml (wa leo[sal eo [sa] oc] [nefes [o> [wo[ tales)Dang §: Phan ting este héa 1. Phurong phép gii RCOOH+R'OHz—=#=">RCOOR's HOH Higu suat phn (ng tinh theo chat hét trud. TH 1c < Pon AX a trv — Higu suat tinh theo axit. |= Detoriners 499941 Patna TH 2: pox 60% = Materinins 490% Pantene 05 + Peajnaneg = 0.8-60% = 0,3 mol Phuong trinh héa hoe: (CH,COOH +-C,H,OH "> CH,COOCH, + H.0. 03 +03 mol + hy = 0,8.88= 26,4 gam. = Chon A. \Vidy 3: Cho 0,1 mol axit don chic X phn Ging v6i 0,18 mol ancol don chire Y thu duge 3 gam este v6i higu sudt 60%. Vay tén goi cla este Ia ‘A. metylfomiat B. motyl axctat C. oly! axotat D. ety! propionat. eHuéng dn Este to béi axit dom chire va ancol don chire — Este dom chic Goi cong thire este la RCOOR’. Tacéin, arg * Ort MOL < 0,15 Mol = Ng uy > AK NBL rede —> Higu su tinh theo at Ta cb: H= etenoone 100% 22-50% = Meters. .100% Renton aa at 1.80% = 0,05 mol Pann ng = OF Phuong trinh héa hoc: RCOOH +R'OH “==> RCOOR'+H,0 0.05 0,05 mol > Mecoos : +1658 + Este la HCOOCH, voi tén gol fa mety! fomiat. + Chon A Vi dy 4: X la hn hop gdm HCOOH va CH,COOH (t 1é mol 1 : 1). Léy 21,2 gam X téc dung véi 23 gam C,H,OH (xtc tac H,SO, dc, dun néng) thu duge m gam hén hop este (higu sudt este hoa dbu dat 80%) Gi tr m la: 40.48, 8.23.40. ©. 48,80. D. 25,92. Huréng dn {Bat Poon = Rencoon =X MO! Ta 66: Macoon-+Mancoon = 242 gam <> 46K +60x=242 <> x= Meson =0,5 mol Titan micoonse =Racconss = 0,2.80% = 0,16 mol Phuong tinh héa hee: HCOOH + CH,0H =" +HCOOC.H, +H.0. 0,16 0.16 mol CH,COOH + CH,OH "> CH,COOCH, + H,0_ 0.16 0,16 mol + Me, = 016.74 + 0,16.88= 25,92 gam. + Chon b e@3. Bai tap ty luyen Cau 1 (ID: 19634) Yéu t6 nao sau day la dling khi néi v8 phan ing este hoa? 1. Hoan toan, 2, Thuan nghich, 3. Toa nhigt man, 4, Nhanh, 5. Cham. A138, B.2,4. ©.2,5. D.3,5. CCAu 2 (ID: 19644) Bun néng 6,0 gam C,H, OH véi 6,0 gam CH,COOH (cb H,SO, lam xtc tc, H% phan Ging este hod bang 50%). Khlong este sén phim la: ‘8.6.0 gam. B.44 gam, €.8,8 gam, D.5.2 gam. (Cau 3 (1D: 19650) Bun 12 gam axit axetic vi 19.8 gam etanol (06 H,SO, dc lam xdc tae) «én ki phan ing at t6i trang thai can bang, thu duc 11 gam este. Higu suat cua phan ting este hoa li A. 56.0%. B.50,0%, ©.62,5%. D. 75.0%. CCAu 4 (ID: 19657) Hén hop X gdm axit CH,COOH va axit HCOOH (118 mol 4: 1). Lay 5.3, ‘gam hn hop X dem téc dung v6i 5,75 gam C,H,OH (xic tac H,SO, dc) ta thu duge m gam hin hop este (Higu sual cia cdc phan ing este hod dBu bing 80%). Gia tr ca m la bao rihigu? 10.12. 8.6.48. ©.8.10. D. 16,20 (Cau 5 (1D: 20060) Thy hign phan Ging este héa m gam CH,COOH bang mét krong via di C,H,OH thu durge 0,02 mol este. Higu suat phan ting H = 60%. Gia tr cla ml: A.2,00. 8.072. ©.1,20. D.0,80. ‘Cu 6 (1D: 20094) Chia a gam axit axetic thanh 2 phan béng nhau. Phan 4: duvge trung hda vira dui v6i 05 lit dung dich NaOH 0.4M. Phan 2: tién hanh phan img este héa véi ancol elyic thu durge m gam este, Col nhy higu ‘sudt phan ng dat 100%, gi tri cia m lé bao nhiéu? A167. B.176. ©. 1966. D. 169. Cau 7 (1D: 20098) Cho 6,42 gam hn hgp X gdm hai axit cacboxylic no don chire, Ké tiép rnhau trong day ding dng tac dung v6i ancol etyic ldy dur, sau phan dng thu duge 9,22 gam hn hop hal este, Cong there eda hai ait ‘A. HCOOH, CH,COOH. B. CH,COOH, C,H,COOH. ©..0,H,COOH, C,H,COOH. .C,H,COOH, C,H,COOH, (Cau 8 (ID: 31032) Cho axitsalxylic (axito-hidroxibenzoic) phan tng v6 anhiritaxetic, thu urge axit axetysalxylic (0-CH,COO-C,H,-COOH) dng lam thuéc cam (aspirin). B& phan {ing hoan toan v6i 45 gam axit axetyisaixyic cin vira dV lit dung dich NaOH 1M. Gia tr oda V la A075. 8.0.25. 6.0485 D.0,95. pian (G28 ] oc] +e [sa] oe 7-e[ea) @BAI TAP TONG HOP C&u 1 (ID: 14643) Nhan inh ndo sau é8y la khéng dung? [A.Tén este RCOOR' gém:tén géc hidrecacbon R'+ ten anion gbe axl (Gud! ‘at’. B. Khi thay nhém OH cia axitcacboxylc thanh nhém -OR thi duge este. ‘C. Phan Gg thiy phan este trong ml truéng axitlé phan Ung thugn nghich . Este 06 nhiét d6 s6i thép hon axit va ancol e6 cing 6 nguyén th C vi este 66 kn lugng phan tir nhé hon. (Cu 2 (ID: 16425) Cho cae phat bidu sau (1) Xa phéng héa hodn toan chat béo thu duge axit béo va ancol (2) Phin tg este hod gira axit cacboxylic v6i ancol (xtc the H,SO, dc) Ia phan ing thuan ngich, (2) 6 nhiet a9 thong, chat béo tn tal & trang thai Ing (nhu tristearn..), hoe rn (nh triolein... (4) B6tchay hodntodn este no, mach hé luBn luén thu duge CO, va H,0 08 sé mol Bang hau. (8) Cac axit béo dau Ia cdc axit cacboxylic don chic, c6 mach dai va khong phan nhanh -va.c6 86 ch nguyén ti cacbon (ti 12.C an 24 C) 6 phat iu dng i AS. B.A. 3, D2, Cau 3 (ID: 15428) Cho céc phan tng X+NaOH—£9Y4Z, o Y + NaOH (rin) "2" 5CH, +P (2) cH, —“5a+H, ® Oro 42 ® Céc cht X va Y 06 thé a nhimng chét auge ghi day nao sau day? ‘A.CH,COOCH=CH, va.CH,COONa. ——_—B. CH,COOCH=CH, va CH,CHO. ©. HCOOCH=CH, va HCOONa, D. HCOOCH=CH, va HCHO, Cau 4 (ID: 15433) 86 hop chAt don chit, ding phan cia nhau cé cing cdng thie phan tr C.H,0,, du tac dung voi dung dich NaOH Ia AS BA cs D6. e(Cau 5 (1D: 15436) Phat bibu nao sau day khéng dung? ‘A. Khi dun hn hop hai axit b6o vei glixerol (xt 146 axl), c6 th8 thu duge Ibi da 6 trigtxert, B, (C,,H,,COO),C,H, 06 tén goi triolein (©. Chat béo khnéng tan duge trong nu6e. . Khi dun néng chat béo véi dung dich NaOH hoe KOH ta éurge xa phong, (Cau 6 (ID: 15489) Este don chirc X c6 ti khéi so v6i He la 25. Cho 20 gam X téc dung vi ‘300 ml dung dich KOH 1M dun néng, C6 can dung dich sau phan (ing thu dug 28 gam chét rn, Cong thire chu tgo cba X la ‘A.CH,COOCH=CH-CH, 8. CH,=CHCOOCH,CH, ©. CH.=CH-CH,-COOCH,. D.C,H,COOCH=CH, (Cau 7 (ID: 15494) Chdt A 05 céng thite phan tt C,H,0,..Cho m gam A phan tng vira 60 véi «dung dich chura 2 gam NaOH t20 ra 4,7 gam mui. Ket lug nao sau day la ding véi chét A? ‘A. Aco phan ding trang bac, nhung khéng lam mét mau nurée Brom. B. Acé phan king tréng bac va lam m&t mau nue brom. CC. Akhéng tham gia phan tng tréng bac nhung ¢6 lam mét mau nué brom, D. Aco kta nang lm di mau quy tim thanh 46 Cau 8 (ID: 15496) Khi cho 0,16 mol este don chite X tac dung via di voi 300 mi dung dich NaOH 1M va t8ng kh6i lngng sn phim hiru co thu éurge I 29,7 gam. Sé ding phan céu {a0 cia X théa man cdc tinh chat trén a A6. B.A. c.5. D.2. Cau 9 (1D: 19554) Bun néng m gam hén hop gém hai este cia cing mot axit va hai ancol don chircké tip nhau trong day dng dng trong dung dich KOH (vira dt) thu due m gam mui. Vay edng thir cia hai ancol ls ‘A. G\H,0H va C,H,0H. B.C,H,OH va C,H,0H. ©. C.H,0H va C,H,0H. D. CH,OH va 0,H,0H (Cau 10 (ID: 15601) C6 bao nhieu dng phan céu tao mach ho C,H,O, kni thy phan trong ‘moi truég axit cho san phim o6 kha nding tréng bac? A2 B.3. 5. D4. (Cu 11 (ID: 15707) Kni xa phong hés triglxerit X bing dung dich NaOH dur, dun néng, thu uge sn phim gém:glixerol, nati oleat, nari panmitat va nati stearat. S6 dng phan céu 40 théa main tin chat tron ea X 1a A3 B.2. c.4. D.6. ®Cau 12 (1D: 15621) Thay phan 44 gam hdn hgp 2este cing cong tite phan ti C,H,0, bang dung dich KOH dur. Chung edt dung dich sau phan ing thu drgc hn hop ancol ¥ va chat ran khan Z. Bun néng Y véi H,SO, dc & 140°C, thu dugc 14.3 gam hn hgp cac ete. Biét ccc phan ting xay ra hoan toan. Khéi long mubi trong Z la: ‘A.50,0 gam, 8.34.2 gam, ©.53,2 gam. 42.2 gam, Cu 13 (ID: 31016) Este Z don chic, mach hé, dugc tao thanh tiy axit X va ancol ¥. Bét ‘chay hoan toan 2,15 gam Z, thu duo 0,1 mol CO, va 0,075 mol H,O. Mat khéc, cho 2,15 ‘gam Z tée dung viva di vbi dung dich KOH, thu vee 2,75 gam mubi, Céng thire cia X va Y fan gt la ‘A. CH,COOH va C,H,OH. B.C,H,COOH va CH,OH. . HCOOH va C,H,0H D. HCOOH va 6,H,0H ‘Cau 14 (1D: 17952) Bét chay hoan toan a mot triglxert X mach hér thu duge s6 mol CO, ‘nhibu hon s6 mol H,0 la 4a mol. Khi dun néng 66 xic tac Nth 0,025 mol x tac dung vit a V iit khi H, (kt). Gia trl oda V AA B. 2,24 6.280. D.0.58 Cau 15 (1D: 17959) 6t chay hod to&n mot este no, hai chitc, mach hé X. Suc toan bé sn [phim chay vao dung dich Ca(OH), du, sau phn Gg thu duoc 25 gam két tia va kh6i ong dung dich gidm 10.4 gam, Biét khi xa phéng hod X chi thu durge mudi cia axitcacboxylic va ancol. $6 déng phan cia X ta: AS B.4, cs, D6. ‘Cau 16 (ID: 20061) Cho 1,99 gam este X dug tao nén tir mét axit cacboxylic va hn hop hai ancol la déng dng ké tiép nhau. Biét ring khi xa phong héa hoan toan hén hop hai este bing dung dich NaOH vira i, thu duxgc 2,05 gam musi khan va 0,94 gam hn hgp hal anool. Cong tire cia hal este dé la: ‘A. HCOOGH, va HCOOC.H, B. C.H,COOCH, va C,H,COOCH,. ©..CH,COOG,H, va CH,COOCH,. D. CH,COOCH, va CH,COOC.H,, (Cau 17 (1D: 20092) Bun néng ancol iscamylic (CH,),CH-CH,-CH,OH v6i axit axetic 06 H,SO, i lam xtc téc thu duge isoamyl axetat (ddu chub). Hay tim iwgng du chubi thu urge ti 200 gam ancolisoamyjic dun néng véi 132,35 gam axitaxetc? Biét higu suat phan ‘ing dat 68%. ‘A.98,5 gam. B. 195.0 gam. ©. 192.5 gam. D. 159.0 gam. Bap én (a-0 [2-0] 3-A] 4-0] 5-8] 6-0] 7-6 | 8-8] 9-0 | 10-0] (wape-c[a-e [also [eo] 7-6 | eCACBOHIDRAT Phan 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM Monosaccarit ear) (khéng thiy phan dec) Fructozo Bisaccarit CACBOHIDRAT (thay phan tgo ra 2 phan tir Saccarozo ,(H.0), ‘monosaccarit) Polisaccarit Md! (thay phan tgo ra nhigu phan ti monosaccarit) eae Tinh chat Glucozo Fructoza: Chat k&t tinh khong mau, 48 | Chat két tinh Khong mau, dB tan trong ne 6. ngot ahung | fn one nie, 8 get hon , . na. | auéng mia Kong ngot bang dong C6 nhibu trong diva, x0ai, (C4 nhidu trong qua no chin, | mat ong ‘mat ong (30%), mau (0,4%). Glucoze con duge gol Ie Tinh chit ati va 7 4 trang thai ty nhién | VOS Trong y hoe, glucaze GUNG | yy mgt cg cow 40% coz, Nam tude ting We gy ‘ho msanges net ase pasta pt ana ceo kun ce bir manMach We GH, ~CH-GH-GH-GH-GH=O|6H, -GH-GH-GH-€-CH, cr eT ba bn on du boy Chutaophan ty [OH OH OH OH OH HOH OH OH O OH Trong thye t8, glucoze tén tal cn [cha yéu & hai dang mach vong: |Frucioz7 => Glucoze a-glucoza va f-glucoza. Hign wong: Két ta bi tan ra, cho dung djch mau xan lam. Phuong tinh héa hoc: IPhan wing voi lculOH), anki] —-2CeH.0, + CUOH), -»(C,H,0,),Cu+2H,0 a6 throng come . ‘Chay © dy, phan Ung xay ra trong mai trudng kim nén fructozo bj chuyén héa thann glucozo sau a6 phan img inh thung,. Glucszs ANOS > ny (Fructozo) Tinh | Phaning | Cho 6 ay, phan tng xay ra trong mol truémg kibm nén fructozo trang bec | bi chuyBn héa thanh glucose sau dé phan ting binh thug chat | (phan rng z Trong cng nahiép, trang guong) pea | A2"9) | cruccze ding a8 tring gong, tng rugt phich, hoe Phan ving voi CaO + HME CH Oy ' vce Ft ‘22 Phan ang voi | Hién tong: dung dich nude [dung den | Brom bi mat mau. Khong 66 hign tueng oh nude brom | Phan ting nay 68 phan bigt slucoze va frucozer C.H,,0, git >20,H,0H +260, Phan ang len | pay la phuong phap Fructozo khong c6 phan mentuou —|igu adi a8 san xudt ing nay, nrgu ubng idu ché [C1H,.0.), +nk,O—Mi==->n6,H,0, ron bote er ues“@ 2 Saccarozo a. Tinh chat vat iva trang thal ty nhien (Chét két tinh khéng mau, 06 vi ngot, tan {trong nue. C6 nhigu trong cay mia, cli cdi dubng ‘va hoa thét nt ». Cu tgo phan tr Saccaroz0 la mét disaccarit duge céu ta0 tir mot gBe glucozo va mot g6c fructozo” lin két v6i hau qua nguyén tio. «. Tinh chét héa hoe + Phan Gng v6i CuOH), & nhigt 40 thuong 20 :H.0,,4CUOM), > (CaH,0,),0U+ 24,0 + Phan ig thy phan CuO +HO—>CH,.0, +C HO, Chi J: Saccarozo Khong 6 phan ng trang bee. «. Ung dung (Nguyen tigu 48 thay phan thanh glucoze va fructozo ding wong kT thuat trang \ | guong, tring rub phic, Saccarozo cin duge goi la duvng mi hoae dix a hain ting tao phize mau xanh lam tuong ty glucozo: ‘Thye phim quan trong cita con nguti. ( Saccarozo’ Pha ché thuée, | (Nguyen gu a8 tam ban keo, nuse gi kat, hop. |“BD 3. Tinh bot va xenlulozo Tinh chat Tinh bot Xenlulozo Chat rn, & dang vO inh hinh, mau tng. khong tan trong nuée lan. Trong nue néng, tinh bot ngam nuéc, truong len tao dung dich keo, gol fa ho tinh bot. res CChét rn, dang soi, mau trang, khong 06 mui vi. KhOng tan trong nuée va nhibu dung mdi hiu co nhu etanol, ete, bbenzen,... nhung tan trong nude Svayde (dung dich thu duge Ki ha tan Cu(OH), trong amoniac). La thanh phin chin tao nén mang t& bao thy vat, tao nén bo kung ota ey obi cau trac phan ta Tinh b6t c6 cong thie phan ti (C,H,,0), #8 hn hop eda hal polisaccat: amilozo va amilopectin. ‘Amilozo: mach khéng phan nan, aim cic géo a-glucoze lien két vi rnhau bang lin két o-1,4-giczit Amilopectin: mach phan nhénh, gdm céc géc o-glucoza lin két vei rnhau bang lin két a-1,4-glicozit va 0-4,6-glcozt. "nga nlp ona ven ampere m he com npr ao sm eh Xenlulozo la mét polisaccart, phan tir gdm nhiu g6c glucozo lign két voi nhau thanh mach dei. Khac véi tinh bét, xenlulozo chi 6 chu tao mach khong phan rnhanh, mBi gbe GH,,0, 06 3 nhém OH nén ob thé vit (C,H,,0,), hay [C,H,0,(0H),,+ nH,O—“" 5n0,H, HyO,), +nH,0—“" 5n,H,0 prtn | CH#a0 +0840 04] (CH 0.), +H oto ng Chay Phan dng thy phn xen- thay luloze cfing xay ra trong de day aaa el ena Bo een Tinh bt 06 phan dng mau vatiot | Xenlulozo © phan img vor axit Tinh bSt+ iot nite Tish + [€.H0,(0H),, + SnkNO, chat Mau xan tin “ES (6440,0NO,h,+3nH| oa anna Xr Mt inau Cay Xenloze trntrat doe hoe bran «ding lam thuée sting khéng hi Phan Mau xanh tim ing nae 5 y Phan ng quang hop 6 cay xanh 6aC0, + Sn#0 fensteg rit ‘ Sepsit C.H,0,), +600 La. mat trong ahting chat dinh | Cac nguyan ligu cha xenulozo dung co ban ciia con ngudi va | ding 48 kéo soi dét vai, Iam ad mot s6 dong vat. g6.... hoac ché bién thanh gidy. ung dung |. Trong céng nghiép: a8 san xuét | Xenluiozo con a nguyén ligu 0 binh Keo, glucozo va hb én Trong co thé, tinh bot bj thiy phan thanh glucezo’di nl co th sain xubt to nhan tao nhu to visco, to axetat, ché t20 tube sing Khong Kh va ché ao phim anh, ®Phin 2 CAC DANG BAI TAP “BW Deng 1: Ly thuyét trong tam, 1. Vi-dy minh hoa \Vidu 1: Cho cc phat biéu sau (2) C6 thé ding nude brom a8 phan bit glucozo va fructozo. (0) Trong moi rung ax, glucozo va fuctoze ed thé chuyén hoa ln nhau. (©) Co thé phan bgt glucozo va fructoza bang phiin ng v6i dung dich AgNO, trong NH, (6) Trong dung dich, glucazo va fructoze ébu hoa tan Cu(OH), & hist a6 thuémg cho dung dich mau xan lam. (€) Trong dung dich, ructozo tin tai chi yéu & dang mach ho. {g) Trong dung dich, glucozo thn ti cha yu 6 dang véng 6 canh (dang ava 8). 'S6 phat biBu ding la AA. B.S. 3. D2. Huéng on {@) ding vi fructozo chita niném chite xeton nén kndng phan ng voi brom, dn glucoza 6 ‘nhém ~CHO nén 6 phan ting lam mat mau née brom. (0) sai vi trong mai trréng kibm fructozo chuyén héa thanh glucezo theo can bang Fructozo ==> Glucozo (©) sai vi c& glucozo va fructoze dBu c6 phan tg tng bac. (6) ding vi c& glucoze va fructozo au 66 thé phan tmng véi Cu(OH), tgo phitc mau xanh tam dm do dbu cé nhidu nhém ~OH & canh nhau. (6) saivi trong dung dich, fructozo tin tai chi yéu & dang vong § canh hod 6 can. (@) ding vi trong dung dich, glucozo t8n tai chi yéu 6 dang vong 6 canh (dang a va B) Chon C. Vi du 2: Tinh chat cia saccaroze la: tan trong nuréc (1); chat kat tinh Khéng mau (2); ki thuy phan tao than fructozo va glucozo (3); tham gla phan Ging trang guvong (4); phan Ling voi Cu(OH), & nhigt a thuéng (6). Nhdng tinh chét ating la A. (3), (4), (6) B.(1),(2), (3) (). ©. (1), (2), (3). (4), D. (2), (3). (6) Huong dn (1), (2) ding vi saccarozo la chat két tinh khong mau, ¢6 vi ngot, tan tét trong nus. (3) ding vi khi thuy phan saccarozo tao thanh fructozo va glucozo: CiH0,,+H,0—SI9C,H,0, +CH,0, (4) sai vi saccarozo khéng tham gia phan img tring boc. (5) ding vi saccarozo’ phan éng v6i Cu(OH), & nhigt do thudng: 20,H,0,,+C(OH), + (CyH,0,),Cu+ 24,0 = chon 8.Vidy 3: Cho céc phat biéu sau! (a) Tinh bot va xenlulozo du 1a polisaccarit. (©) Tinh b6t va xenlulozo a dng phan cia nhau. (6) Thiy phan hoan ton tinh bot thu duge fructoze va glucozo. (4) Xenlulozo’lathanh phan chinh tao nén lop mang thy vat va la bO khung cia cay obi ‘86 phat bigu ding a: a2 BS. cA D5. Huéng an (@) ding, (0) sai vi tinh bot va xenluloza 66 etng cong thise phan tr dang (C,H,,0,),nhung s6 mat ich kh nhau nén ching kéng phai déng phan cia nhau. (©) si vi thy phn hoan toan tinh bot chi thu duge glucozo. (C.H0,), #nH,0— 516,H,,0, Tate cues (aig — Chon A. Vi dy 4; Cho céc phat biéu sau: (@) Glucoze duge gol la dvong nh do. nid trong qua nho chin. (b) Phan tr amilopectin ob cu trie mach phan nha, (6) rong mat ong chia niu fuctozo (6) Tih b9t mot trong nhimg lzong thu oo ban cia con ngubi. {€) Nn dung dich ot vaoh& tinh bot thy 8 mau xan, dem dun néng thay mBt maU. <4 nu tai thy 06 mau xan xu ign, ‘86 phat bidu ding I AD 83, ca 0.6. Huéng dn (2) ding vi gluceza 6 niu trong qua nho chin nén cbn gol la rong nho. (b) ding vi amilopectin e6 mach phan nhanh, gdm céc géc a-glucoze lién két véi nhau bing lién k&t a-1 4-dicozit va a-1,6-glcozt. (c) ding vi trong mat ong 6 ti 40% fructozer lam cho mat ong co vi ngot sé. (4) ing vi tin bot a kwong thie chinh cia con ngubi {e) ating, trong h8 tinh bt, it tao ra mau xanh tim nhung khéng 66 phan rng héa hoe gia tinh bot vit. Mau xanb tim xudt ign do ed phan tot chul vao trong cac vang xo8n cla mach tinh bét. Khi dun néng, mach tinh bet dui ra nén mau xan tim bién mat Chen D, ®Vi dy 5: Cho so phan ng: (@)X+H,o—s= (0) ¥ +AGNO, +NH, +H,0 -> amoni gluconat + Ag+NH.NO, (0 Y—*# 4642 (@)Z+H,0— sate X+6 X.Y, Zn uot a: A. Xenluloza, fructozo, cacbon dioxt. B. Xenlulozo, saccarozo, cacbon dioxit G. Tinh bét, lucozo, etanal D. Tinh bot, glucozo, cacbon dioxit Huong dln (Ce phuong tinh hoa hoe: (@)(CH,0,), +0H,0 —* 4n0,H,0, (© Gtenza + 245NO, 2H, +140 among + 2+ HNO, (©) O4H,0,—P-»26,H,0H+ 200, (@) 6nCO, + SnH,0 "#82" 4(0,H,,0,), +600, ‘Vay X la tinh bgt, Y Ia glucazo, 2 I& cacbon dioxit Chon D. Vidi Cho canine (1) X+HO—M 5 (2)¥ +Br, +H,0 > Ast gluconic «HBr (8) At gluconic +NaHCO, -» 2 +Nate gluconat + H,0 (4)Z4H,O 8 XE Cao chét X va Y lan lugt a [A sacoaroza va glucezo. B. tinh bet va glucozo. ©. xenluozo va glucoza. D. tinh bot va fuctezo. Huéng dn (1) (4,0), + nH,O —©*onC,H,0, son 8 sees (2) CH,OHICHOH), CHO + Br, + H,O + CH,OH[CHOH],COOH+ 2HBr gueczo sntpiene (8) CH,OHICHOH],COOH + NaHCO, > CO,+CH,OH[CHOH],COONa +H.0 Gj ‘agra (4) 6nCO, + 5nH,O "==", (C,H,,0,),+ 60, 2 en) = Chon B. ®@3. Bai tap ty yen ‘Cau 1 1D; 08268) Trong cdc nhan xét sau 68y, nhgn xét ndo Khéng ding? ‘A. Monosaccari la nhém cacbohidrat €on gién nhAt, ng thay phn duge. B, Cacbohidrat cung cp nang lzong cho co thé nguéi. C. Cacbohidrat la nhiing hop chat hu co tap chirc, thur’ng cé céng thire chung la OH.) '. Palsaocarit Ia nhém cacbohidrat ma Kh thy phan trong mei truéng bazo 8 cho nhidu monosaccart Cau 2 (1D: 08297) Sép xép cdc chét sau day theo thi ty 46 ngot ting dn: glucoz0, fructozo, saccarozo? 'A.Glucoza < Saccarozo »Y+2-T PE) Clic chat X,Y, va T lin lug: ‘tinh bot, xenlulozo, ancol ety, ellen, B. tinh bét,glucoza, ancol etc, tien . tinh bet, saccarozo, andehit ellen. _D. tinh bot, glucozo, andehit,eilen opin (G0 [ZA [SBS [SB) @“SS Dang 2: Phan img thiiy phan, oxi héa va khir 1. Phuong phap gid * Phan tng thiy phan Glucoza, fructozo: khong bi thay phan. Saccarozo "+ Glucozo + Fructozo Tinh bot _niyein Xenlulozo * Slucczo + Phan ng trang bac Giucoze 0. > pg eee ssn, hee saan so (ON a, vi phan ing ty phan? A.Tinh bot B. Xeniulozo. ©.Saccarozo. _D. Glucozo. Huéng din Glucozo 1a monosaccarit nén Khong tham gia phn ing thdy phan, Saccarazo a disaccart, hi thy phan tao ra jucoza va fuctozo, Tinh bet va xenilaza ta ce polsaccarit, Kh thy phan dén cing du tao ra glucozo. — Chon D. ‘Vi dy: Cho 27 gam glucazo’ phan ting hoan ‘oan vei lugng dur dung dich AgNO, trong NH, thu duge m gam Ag, Git ola m i: ASA B26 6.432 D162 Huéng dn Phuong trinh héa he: Glucozy 48295 5 2Ag | 27 Las > 0,3 mol —in=",,= 0.108 = 32,4 gam —> Chon A. Via: Thy phan hoa tn 34.2 gam acca trong mo) tong ax, thu dive cing deh X. Cho ton bo dung dich X phan Gng hét vai lugng du dung dich AGNO, trong NH, dun nong, thu zoe m gem Ag. Gi cia mia, A924, B28. 6.432 Huéng dn on thi ay lucozo cero (Mt az 42, SSim=m,=04.108 = 48,2 gam = Chon 6. D. 162 p00 4 ag Amol +0,2mol > 0,4mol= Phan tng Khir CHO, + Glucozo/Fructozo H,—! 5G .HO5 Sobitol + Phan tng lim mét mau dung dich brom Glucoz0.-Br, +H,0 -> Axi gluconios 2HBr = Phan ding nay dng a8 phan bigt lucoza va tructoza. + Céng thar tinh higu sudt Tinh higu sudt theo chat dau: l4= Tae 100% owe Tinh higu suat theo sn pham: 1 = Mewset 499%] ype Chis ¥ My ya tinh theo phuong trinh Mga Hy 8 A Kin 8 ba (ecto Vi dy: Khii cho 1,80 gam glucozo’ phan ling hoan toan v6i H, (xi téc Ni, P) thi lugng sobitol tao than ia .2259am. —_B. 1,80.gam. ©.482gam.—D.1,44 gam Huréng din CiH.0, + Hp—ME>0H,.0, 180 _ 5 42 0,01 mot 0.01 mol = Meus 82 gam = Chon ©. Vi dy: m gam glucazo thu duge fam mét mau vira di'600 mi dung dich Br, 1M rong nue. Gié tr oda mia A45. B. 180. ©.80. D.90. Huéng dn Ng, =0,5.1=0,5 mol glucozo +Br,+H,0 axit gluconic +2HBr 05 < 05 = Mao = 0:5.-180 = 90 gam Chon D,A Fee ea eae ila ey 2. Vidy minh hoa Vi dy 1: Thuy phan hoan toan 34,2 gam saccarozo trong moi tru’ng axit voi higu sudt 80%, thu duge ltvong glucoze la: A. 18,0 gam. B.36,0gam. —_C. 14,4 gam. D.28,8 gam. Huéng dn ‘Bd bai yéu cdu tim sn phm — Tinh higu sust theo san phém Saccarozo—"#*" > Glucozo + Fructozo 34, Amol -+0,1mol -+0,1 mo! 342 ‘Theo phurong tinh: m,..., = 0,1.180 = 18.gaM = My Ta 06: = Ms 30% = YE 100% 2 Moye = 144gam Tyo 8 = Lugng glucozo thy t8 thu duvgc la 14,4 gam. = chon Vi dy 2: Thuy phan m gam saccarozo trong ml truéng axit véi higu suat 90%, thu duge san phdm chira 18,0 gam glucozo. Gia tr cia m la: A228. B. 28,0. ©. 38,0. D304. Huéng din ‘88 bal yeu cu tim chdt dau — Tinh higu suét theo chat du, ‘Saccarozo—#*"_» Glucozo + Fructozo Otol “Theo phuong trnh: My. saa = 0,1.942 = 34,2 gam = May Ta 06: H=Musat 99% = 34:2 109% <> meu =38 gam Mave Tye = Lugng saccarozo thy té 68 ding la 38 gam. = Chon 6. ‘Cha J: V6i nhiang bai tp cho sé higu suétta 06 thé arm nhanh nhur seu Buc 1: Tinh toan theo higu suat 100%. Buc 2: Tinh toén theo yeu cdu Néu d® bai you cu tinh san phim: Me, yin = KBt Qua DUBE 1.H% Néu d bai you cu tinh chat Bu: Muy, = KBt qua bude 1: H% @PAvenaNtee Vi dy 3: Bun néng 17,1 gam saccaroze trong dung dich axit sunfuri long. Dung dich thu duge sau phan ing tae dyng ti da véi 50 ml dung dich Br, 0,5M. Higu suét cia phan ng thiy phan saccarozo la: A. 12.5%. B. 25.0%, ©.37,5%, D. 50,0%, Hung dan Giucozo Saccarozo 5 | Eructozy 2» Saccarozo dur ‘Sau phan ting thiy phan, ta thu dugc hin hop gém glucozo, fructazo va saccarozo du. (Cho hn hop nay phan ting v6i Br, thi chi glucozo tham gia phan tng. Glucozo + Br,+H,0 > Axit gluconic+ 2H8r 0,025 — 0,025 mol om, nia = 0.025.342, Ma theo dé bai: m, = 17,1 gam Mireur .490%% ~ 8:55. 490% - 50% Movers 1A = Chon D. Vi dy 4: Dung dich X chia m gam hin hgp glucozo va saccarozo’ dugc chia lam 2 phn bang nhau: = Thyc hign phan Gng trang guong hoan toan phan 1 thu dugc 0,02 mol Ag. Bun néng phan 2 v6i dung dich HCl long d&n phan tng hoantoan, rung hba axit dv ‘thu duge dung gioh Y, Bun néng Y voi lugng du dung dich AgNO, trong NH, thi dug ti da 0,06 mol Ag. Gia tr cia m la: A1044. 8.7.20. c.2048 0.1728 a Héng in | f@tueoz9 pv Phin: (orezg ee Oe etka 1 2 ese pla) 9; [COZ ann, [GMUCOZO soho. Pain ers rane 7008 Ag TAC6: Mg * 2a yntna * Macs gts = 0.08 MO! Praga —Trong hn hop X chita 0,02 mo glucozo va 0,02 mol saccaroza “+ m=0,02.180 + 0,02.942 = 10,44 gam + Chon A ,01 mot Pisce tis) .01 molHeDIcy SSeS NEG 3. Bai tap ty yen (C&u 1 (10: 08297) Cho 9.0 gam glucoze phan tng hoan toan véilvgng du dung dich AgNO, trong NH, (dun néng), thu duge m gam Ag, Gié tela m a 16.2 B21. ©.54. D. 108 (Cau 2 1D: 09298) 88 trang mot tim guoms, nguéi ta phai ding 5,4 gam glucozo. Biét H = 95%, khdi lurgng bec bam trén guong la: ‘A.6,156 gam. B.3,078 gam. €.6,480gam. —_. 5,661 gam, (Cau 3 (ID: 09299) Cho hén hop gdm 27 gam glucoze’ va 8 gam fructozo phan dng hoan toan véi luvgng dur dung dich AgNO, trong NH, thu duoc m gam Ag, Gia tr cla ml: A324, 8.216, 6.43.2 D162. Cau 4 (ID: 09300) Thiy phan 324 gam tinh bét voi higu sudt cla phan Ung la 75%, khdi luong glucozo thu dug ta ‘A. 360 gam. B.270 gam. ©. 250 gam. 1.300 gam. ‘C&u 5 (10: 09301) Thiy phan 1 kg knoai (cha 20% tnh BO trong moi rudng axit Néu higu suat pha Ging 70% thi rang glucozo thu duc la ‘A. 155,56 gam B. 166,66.gam. —. 120,00 gam. 200,00 gam. ‘Cu 6 (1D: 09308) Bun néng 6,84 gam saccarozo trong dung dich H,SO, lodng, sau 46 trung hha hén hop phan tng thu durge bang kiém, ri cho tac dung hoan toan véi AgNO,/NH, dur, 0,2 mol 0,2. 4 9,2. gam, A.68. B50. 6.30, 0.40. Hung din ve 200 Got 499 = 200 499-40 VonowtVao 200+300 = Chon D, Vi dy: 88 thu duge 200 gam dung dich axit axetic 06 néng 40 6% ngudi ta cin ding x mol C,H,OH. Gié tr cla x Ie: A.0,20. B.0,30. C.0,10. D.0,15. Hudng dn ‘Meycoon 200.6% = 12 gam > Moycoos = 0,2 mol (C,H,OH +0, + CH,COOH +H, 2m 0,2 mol x= 02. = Chon A od(se dies ee CIA euro OUT LeU * Phan dng didu ché xenlulozo trinitrat [C,H,0,(0H),, + 2nHNO, 2.28 (6,H,0,(ONO, )}, +3nH.0 = hpo, =3 Mensa Chui y: B& don gian héa bai todn, ta coi gid thin = 1 rbitinh toan nhu binh thuéng. ‘= Phan Gg quang hop 6nC0, +5nH,0 erm (CoH 405}, +600, 2. Vi du minh hoa A ‘Vi dy: Bun néng 97,2 gam xenluloze vb ‘dung dich HNO, ac trong H,SO, dc (ding du), thu duge x gam xeniuloza trina. Gia ti ota xia: A227, Hugng dn B. 178.2. ©. 186,8. D. 129, Chon B VI dy: C&n bao ni It ki CO, (8 te) 48 cung cdp cho phan ting quang hop taora 50 gam tn bot? 433,77 It 8. 40,99 it 6.37.66 i 41.48 Huéng dan 6nCO, + BnH,O—z-5 (CHO), +6n0, 50 Meo, = 22,4 Neg, = 224-77 = 41,48 lit = Chon D. Vi dy 1: Lén men dung dich chira 562,5 gam glucozo thu duge 115 gam ancol etylic. Higu sudt qua trinh Jen men tao thanh ancol etylic la: 8.40% B. 54%, c. 80%. D. 60%. Huong dn CHO, —g288-+20,H,0H +260, 41.25 8 (mol) 1, 225 + 25.180 = 225 gam -> H = matt 100% =-225.. 4999 = Myra yng = 125-180 = 225 ga asl 100% = peg 10% = 40% Chon A. ®Vi dy 2: Lén men 1 tn khoai chira 70% tinh bot d8 san xudt ancol etylic, higu suat cua {qué trinh sn xuat la 85%. Kh6) lugng ancol thu dug gan nhét Ia: ‘A. 0,338 tén. B. 0,833 tdn, . 0,988 tn. 1D. 0,668 tan. Huéng dan (C4H4,0,), 82" 416 H,0, P5270 H,0H+2nC0, kn6i lugng tinh bot 66 trong 1 tn khoal (1000kg) a: 1000.70% = 700 kg 700 te ee 700 _ 700 NEU H = 100% ~> Meson = 2 ne =2-Fe5 gy Kel - 700, 85.595 sonoh 5 may = 595.46 « Vi = 85% > eyouowcaie o- a = SEP mol > Mea = Sp 48 = 397.9 kg = Chon A. Vi dy 3: Khéi lugng cia tinh bot cn ding trong qué trinh len men dé tao than 5 it ancol etylc 46” a bao nhieu (biéthigu suat cia cd qué tinh I 75% va khdi lung rléng ciia rugu etylic nguyén chat Ia 0.8 giml)? A324 kg, B. 5,609 .0.72hy D432 hy Huéng dn (CH, 0,), 82 nC yH,,0, => 2nC,H,OH +2060, Veyuon = 5.046 = 2,1it= 0 mol 2300 ml > me .2y,=2300.0,8 = 1840 gam epson 1 NOUH = 100% Pyne = Bonn ViH = 75% — Mya = 3240 : H = 8240 : 75% = 4320 gam = = Chon D. Vi dy 4: 88 san xudt 59,4 kg xelulozo’trinitrat(higu suét 80%) bing phan ting gia dung dich HNO, 60% voi xenlulozo thi kn6ilvong dung dich HNO, c&n dng la: A. 78,75 kg. B.2363k9. ©. 70,88 kg. 47,25 kg. Huéng dn 10mMOl~> Mayra = 20.162 =3240 gam 132 kg Ta cé:n, ttt = 5g 702 KO! N6UH = 100% > Mow, = 3 =0,6 kmol ViH=80% > myo, =0.6:80%=0,75 kmol-> myo, ~47.25 KO __47,25.400 + Manu, 25100 70,7549 = Chon A.3. Bai tap ty uyén Cau 4 (ID: 09699) Cho 18 gam glucozo lén men thanh ancol etl, biéthigu sudt qué tinh ten men dat 60%, Khdi lugng ancoletylic tao ral: ‘A. 8,20 gam. B.1840 gam. C.5,52gam.—_—. 15,30 gam. ‘Cau 2 (ID: 09732) Dé sn xudt ancol etylic, ngudi ta ding nguyén ligu la mun cua va vé bao tir 98 chuta 50% xenluloza. Néu muén diéu ché 1 tén ancol etic, higu sudt qua tri la 70% th kn6i lvong nguyén ligu cn dung ta A, 5031 kg, B. 5000 kg 5100. 1.6200 kg. Cau 3 (1D: 91152) Tir 180 gam glucozo, nguti ta dibu ché gidm an theo so 48 sau: Glucozo —"""™ 5 Ancol etylic "2" 5 Axit axotic Biéthigu suét 8 qué trnh 175%, kndilugng axtaxetio thu due la ‘A. 45 gam, B60 gam. ¢.90 gam, D. 120 gam CCau 4 (1D: 09767) Knbi lugng glucozo cn ding a8 diéu ché 1 lit dung dich ancol(rugu) ‘etyic 40° (kh6i trong ring 0,8 gi!) v6 higu sudt oda que trinh lén men 80% la ‘A. 626,09 gam. B. 762,61 gam, . 305,27 gam. D. 1865,22 gam. ‘Cu 5 (ID: 09735) Lén men hoan toan a gam glucozo, thu duge C,H,OH va CO,. Hép thy hnét CO, sinh ra vao dung dich ruse voi trong du, thu éuge 15 gam két tia. Gia tr cla ala: A306. B.270 6.153. D138, Cau 6 (1D: 09892) Tw 16,20 tén xenlulozo, nowdi ta sin xuét dugem tén xenlulozo tntrat (6i6thigu subt phan img tinh theo xenluloza ta 90%), Gia tr eda m 426,73. B. 33.00. ©. 25.46 D.29,70. (Cu 7 (ID: 31161) Khi cacbonie chiém 0,03% thé tich khéng ki. 88 phan Ging quang hop a0 ra 810 gam tinh bot cdn thé tch kh6ng Kh (Akt) ‘A. 2240000 It. B. 1120000 Ii. 3360000. 4480000 It. Cau 8 (1D: 09683) Phan img ting hop glucozo trong cay xanh c&n durge cung cép nang lwgng tir anh séng mat tro: 600, + GH,O + 673 kcal 2" 56,H,0, + 60, Ca trong mot phat, mBi cm? Ia xanh nhgn duge 0.5 cal nang lugng mat tri, Nhung chi ed 410% duc sir dung vao phan ing ting hep glucozo. Thai gian a8 mbt céy 66 1000 ls xanh (ign tich m6i a a 10 om) san sinh duge 18 gam glucaza la ‘A.2 git 14 philt 36 giay. B. 4 gio 29 phat 12 olay. C. 2 git 30 phit 15 oiay. . 5 git 00 phit 00 giay. dean (ee [eA | BO] ee [SO CATAL OA) ®‘Cau 1 (1D: 08232) Mé t8 nao duéi day Khéng ding v6i glucoz0? ‘A. Glucozo la chat kt tinh, mau tréng, tan trong nude, 66 vi ngot. B. Glucozo’c6 mat trong hau hét cc bd phan cla cy va trong qua chin. C. Trong dung dich, glucoza tn tai chi yéu & dang vong 6 canh, . Trong mau ngubi, néng 46 cia glucozo 66 gid tr hu nu khéng dil 0,1%. ‘Cau 2 (ID: 08251) 6 nit do thong, nhd vai giot dung dich fot vao hd tinh bot thdy xubt hign mau ‘A. nau 66. B. vang chanh. . xanh tim, D. hing nhat. Cau 3 (ID: 31166) C6 mot sé nhan xét vé cacbohidrat nh sau (1) Saccarozo, tinh bot va xenlulozo dbu o6 thé bi thuy phan (2) Glucoza, ructozo, saccaroze abu tae dung dug vi Cu(OH), v8 cb kha nang tham gla phan ing trang bac. (8) Tinh b6t va xenlulaza la ang phan céu tao cia nau, (4) Saccarazo khong tham gia phn dng tang bee. (6) Thuy phan tinh b6t trong mai trréng axit sinh ra fructezo. (©) Trong mai rung axt, glucozo va frutoczo’cé th8 chuyBn ha ln nha “Trong cdc nan xét trén, s6 nhan xét ding a: A2. B.A. 3. D6. (Cau 4 (ID: 09302) Tién hanh thay phan m gam b6t gao chira 80% tinh bét ri dy ton bo dung dich thu duge thye ign phan Ung trang guong thi duge 5,4 gam Ag (higu suét phan Ling tréng guong la 50%). Gié tr cia m a A.2620. B. 10,125. 6,480. 2,530. (Cau 5 (ID: 09308) Thuy phan 119,7 gam saccaroz0 trong méi trubng axit vb higu sust 92%, thu duge san phdm chira m gam glucozo. Gia tr cam 68.48. B. 59,76. €. 63,00. 0.57.96. (Cau 6 (ID: 31167) Thuy phan hoan to’n 6,84 gam saccarozo trong moi rung axit, thy urge dung dich X. Cho toan b6 dung dich X phan ting hét véi luong dur dung dich AgNO, trong NH,, dun néag, thu duge m gam Ag. Gia te cda me: 8.4320. B.4,32. ©.8.64 D. 86,40. (Cau 7 (ID: 31170) Thuy phan hoan toan 6,84 gam saccareze trong mbi trubng axit (niu sual phan tng la 80%), thu Gurge dung dich X. Cho toan b dung dich X phan tng hét voi liugng dv dung dich AgNO, trong NH, dun néng, thu dee m gam Ag, Gia tr cba m la A6912. B. 3,456, ©. 34,560. D. 69,120.‘Cau 8 (1D: 09316) Chia 200 gam dung dich X gbm glucoze va fructozo thanh hai phan bing ‘nhau ri thy hign céc phan Ging nhu sau Phin 1: Tac dung véi dung dich AgNO. INH, du thu dupe 86,4 gam Ag ke tia, Phan 2: Phan ting vira hét voi dung dich chira 28,8 gam Br, Nong d6 phn tram cia fructezo trong dung dich ban du la 439.6% B. 16.2% ©. 25.5%. D.33,9%. ‘Cau 9 (ID: 09323) Bang dus day gh ai hign tong kh lam thi nghigm véi cdc cht sau 6 dang dung dich X,Y, 2: hubs thir x Y z Dung dich AgNONH,, | Kétta bec | Khdng hign tyeng | Két tia bec Nuée Br, Matmau | Khong hin twong | Khéng hign tong ‘Thiy phan KKhéng bi thy phan Bi thiy phan KKhéng bj thy phan Chat X, Y, Z lan lugt la: A fructozo, saccarozo, glucozo. B. saccarozo, fructozo, glucozo. ©. glucoza, saccaroze, frucozo. D. glucozo, fuctozo, saccarozo. (cau 10 (1D: 09697) Lan men dung dich chira 375 gam glucose thu duge 116 gam ancol etylic. Higu suat qua trinh lén men tao thanh ancol etic la A. 54%, B. 40%. ©. 80%. D. 60% (cau 11 (1D: 09710) Khilén men 1 thn ng6 chira 65% tinh bot thi Kh lygng ancoletyic thu ge la bao niu? Bit higu sudt phan ting l6n men dat 80%. A. 290,0 kg, B. 295,3 kg. C. 300,0 kg. D. 350,0 kg. cau 12 (1D: 09748) Lén men hodn ton m gam glucozz thanh ancol ety. Ton b6 khi CO, sinh ra trong qua trinh nay duge hdp thy hét vao dung dich Ca(OH), (dur) tao ra 40 gam két ta, Néu higu sudt oda qua tinh lén men la 75% th gi tr ca m la: 60. 8.58 ©.20. D. 48 cau 13 (1D: 09754) Cho 360 gam glucozo lén men tgothanh ancol etyic. Cho tt cd khi CO, hp thy vo dung dich NaOH thi thu dupe 212 gam Na,CO, va 64 gam NaHCO,, Higu suét tia phan ieng len men li A. 50.0%. 8.625%. ©..75,0% D. 80.0%, cau 14 (1D: 09897) 88 sn xust ra 0,8 tn xenluloza trina cln a kg xenlulozo va b kg axit ivi, Biét sw hao hyt trong san ud a 25%, Gi tr oda a va b ln luot Ia: A. 816,8 va 867.8 8,496.4 v8 509.1 €.639,9.va746,7 D.581,8¥a 678.8 pipin (HA [2 Cl SA] #8] SD] e-C[7-A] (ea [o-c | 10-p] 1-8 | 12-0 [13-c | 14-d] @AMIN - AMINO AXIT - PEPTIT - PROTEIN Phin 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM a. Khai niém Ki thay thé nguyén tt H trong phan tt NH, bang géc higrocacbon ta duoc amin. ¥ Be amin ta s6 nguyén th H bi thay thé trong NH, bd abo hidrocacbon b. Phan loai Dye theo gc hidrocacbon: ‘Amin no (b60): CH,~ NH, ‘Amin khéng no: CH, = CH - NH, ‘Amin thom: C,H, NH, «. Danh phap ‘Amin thutng dug gol theo tén go chite: Néu c6 nihidu géc hidrocacbon giéng ‘nhau thi thém cdc ti8n t6 di, ti, tetra, penta, hexa,, Néu 06 nhibu géc hidrocacbon khac ‘nhau thi ta goi ten theo thi ty bang chor cai (Vi dy: ety! goi tse metyl; diety! got tru6e dimetyi) BAI 1: AMIN Thay thé 1 nguyén ti H ta duge amin bec | R-N-H:CH,-NH, 4 ‘Thay thé 2 nguyen ti H ta duge amin bac I R-N-H :CH,-NH~CH, “Thay thé 3 nguyen tir H ta duge amin bg I R-N-R™:CH,-N-CH, rR CH, Vidy: (CH, —NH, : metylamin (CH, -NH-CH, : dimetylamin C,H, -NH-CH, :etyimetylamin wn =aMot s6 amin thudng gap Céng thc chutgo [ _ Tengbe choc Ten thay thd ‘Ten thuong CHNH, metylamin ‘metanamin (CH,CH.NH, ‘etylamin etanamin CH.NHCH, dimetylamin | N-metyimetanamin ‘CH,CH,CH.NH, propylamin propan-f-amin (CHN trimetylamin _|N, N-dimetyimetanarin CH.NHCH, Gietylamin Neetyletanamin CHANH, pphenylamin benzenamin ‘nil D2 Tinh chdt vatit + CH,NH,, C,H,NH,, CH,NHCH,, (CH). cht kh, moi Khai, tan nhiu trong nuée. + Nhigt 40 soi tang dn vad tan trong ruse lm dan theo chigu tang cia phan tir ki * Ce amin dbu d6e + Avila la chat lang khong mau, dc, ittan trong née, tan trong etanol, benzen, a8 iu trong khéng khi bj ox ha sang mau den. 7B 8. Tinh cnét nde hoe a. Tinh bazo + Bi mau chi thy Metylamin va déng dng lam xanh quy tim va fam héng phenolphtalein ‘Alin va amin thor khéc khéng lam «i mau quy tim va phenolphtalein. + Phan ding voi axit RNH, + HCI— RNH,Cl b. Phan ing thé 6 nhn thom cia anilin s A ee Cuet® oe aaa — Phan ing ding 48 nh@n biét aniin. e@ 8 rong ng nich in ang man on yon non Aang Vidu: CCH,NH, + HC! + CH,NH,CI Ae png ange reba fa tg ng ‘bineDs 4. dng phan * Cac bute viét déng phan cia amin ‘Bute 1: Tinh 69 bat bao hoa k CHONCL: k-ev= 2 ‘Bub 2: Vidt cdc ding phan ‘Amin bg I: RNH, + Viét cc mach C 6 thé + Di chuyBn nhém -NH, trén mach Amin bac Il: R= NHR ‘Tuang ty nhu viét cae déng phan cua este Amin bie ll R-N-R™ ‘Tuong ty nhu viét cde déng phan cua este (Ohi y: Khéng 06 trréng hop 86 C 6 R, RY va R” bang 0 vi trang véi amin bac | ‘Amin bac Il ¢6 tinh d6i xing nén véi sé C(R+R)=3=2+ 4, cdc tuong hop 2 + 1va 1 +2 tring nhau. ‘Amin bac Il o6 tinh a6i xteng nén voi s6 C(R+R'HR')=5= 14143214242, cdc trudng hop 1+#341va1+143va 341+ 1 tring nhau. + ong tic tnh nhanh 88 ding phn amin no, don che, mach hes 2" véi n <5 Vi dy: Ung véi cong thie phan ti O.H,N 6 ca dng phn amin sau: Céch 1: Liét ké cdc déng phan Bute 1: Cy: m= 2282-904 + Amin no, don chire, mach hé. Bute 2: Viét cdc déng phan “Amin b@e I 6 2 abng phan b-d-c Du "y" chi vj tri dt nhém -NH, 48 tao cdc dng phan amin bac Amin be I €6 1 dng phan SOC(R+R)=3=241 CH, -NH—CH, Amin bo I: 06 4 édng phan SéCIR+R+R)=3=14141 + CH,-N-CH, oH, =0 Céch 2: Ding dng thae tinh nhanh ‘86 ding phan = 2° = 25'=28=4Phin 2 CAC DANG BAI TAP Bi Dang 4: Ly thuyét trong tm 4. Vidy minh hoa Vi dy 1: Chdt nao sau day thudc loai amin bac hai? A.CHANK,. B. (CH, ©.CH,-NH-CH,._D. CH,-NH,. Huong d&n Bac amin: la sé nguyén tH bj thay thé trong NH, bdi abe hidrocacbon .H,-NH,! amin bge (CH)).N: amin bac CH,WNH-CH,:amin bell CH,-NH,! amin bac | = chon ¢ ‘Vi dy 2: Day cc chat xép theo chiéu bac amin tang dan la: A.CH.NH, CH.NH,, CH,NH, B.CH,NH,, CH,NHCH,, (CH,),N. ©. (CH,),N, C,H.NH,, C,H,NH,. D.CHH, CH.NH. CH.NHCH, Huong dan DayA: CHANEL: CNEL: HN, ay 00H 88 CHR OH, Day B: CH,NH,; CH,NHCH,: (CH, ),N Day D:CH, NH, C.H,NH,: C,H,NHCH, + Chon 8 Vi dy 3: Phat biéu nao sau day ding? A. Benaylamin a amin thom, B. Bac cila amin la bac cla nguyén ti cacbon lién két voi nhém amin. ilin la mot bazo C6 kha ning lam quy tim hoa xan. in tao két tha trdng voi nude brom. Huong on ‘Asal vi amin thom la amin o6 nom amino gn tryc tibp véi nguyén ti C thom. —+ benzylamin (C,H,CH,NH,) khéng pha amin thom, B sai v bac amin la s6 nguyén ti H bi thay thé trong NH, béi g6c hidrocacbon. C-saivi tinh bazer eta aniln rt ybu, Kh8ng am di mau quy tim, D ding vi anilin phn ting véi dung dich nuéc brom tao két tla trang ding dé nhan biét. + Chon D ®2. Bai tap ty uyén Cau 1 (1D: 02675) Céng thite téng quat cia amin no, don chize, mach he la: A.GH,,:N (02 1). B. CH,,..N (02 1) .CH,.N, (n2 1). D.C.H,,N, (02 1). (Cau 2 (1D: 31322) Amin (C,H, 06 ten goi la ‘A. dietylamin, 8. trimetylamin. C. etyimetylamin D. tietylamin, Cau 3 (1D: 02685) Sé dng phan c&u teo amin c6 cling céng thie phan ti C,H, N la AB B.4. 6. D.10. ‘Cau 4 (10: 91329) $6 amin chira vong benzen ting voi céng thre phan tC, H.N I: AD B.3. 4. D5. (cau 5 (1D: 31324) Trong s6 céc phat bibu sau, s6 phat bidu dung la (1) Metylamin khéng lam ai mau quy tim. {@)Aniln 68 au ngay trong khéng ki dB bi oxi héa chuyén sang mau den, (8) Danh phap g6e chic cia C,H,NH, la etylamin (4) CH.NH,, C.H.NH,. CH.NHCH,, (CH,).N 18 cc chétIéna, mii kai kné chu, tan ahibu trong née. At B.2 c.3. D4. cau 6 (1D: 03000) Trong b6t cacao va chocolate ob chia elyiphenyiamin urge goi a “chocolate amphetamin" — Chat 6 tac dung kich thichtrung tam khoai cém ca con ngudi, gidp nd tit ra endorphin gidp ban thay yu di khi n chocolate, Etyiphenylamin 6 cng thre phan ti: ACHN. B.CHN C.C.H,N D.OH.N, Cau 7 (ID: 31325) Thuéc thir nao du6i day dung 48 phan bigt CH,NH, va C,H.NH, dung trong hail riéng bgt? ‘A. Dung dich AgNO, B. Nude brom. C. Dung dich NaOH D. Dung dich HCI ‘Cau 8 (ID: 03090) ign twong nao sau day mo t& khong chinh xc? 'A. Nhung quy tim vo dung ich etylamin thdy quy tim chuyén sang mau xanh, B. Phan Gng git kh metylamin va kt hidroctorua lam xuéthién kh trang. ‘C. Nhé vai giot nue brom vao éng nghigm dng dung dich anitin thy 06 két ta tring, D. Thém vai giot phenolphtalein vao dung dich dimetylamin thy xuat hién mau xanh. (azo [salen [se[scl7e] 0) ®DS Dang 2: Tinh bazor 41. Phuong phép gi + So sanh lye bazo cia amin ‘Amin thom bac 2 < amin thom bac 1 < NH, < amin no bée 1 < amin no bc 2 < NaOH lu: (C.H,),NH < C,H,NH, < NH, < CH.NH, < C,H,NH, < (C,H,),NH. * Amin téc dung v6i dung dich HC R(NH,), + AHCI» R(NH,C), ‘Theo dinh lugt bao toan khi lugng: m,., + m, Pd Maen a $385.9 gy = MOM 2. Vi du minh hoa Vi du 1: Cho 4,65 gam metylamin tac dung vira di vi 0,15 mol HCI thu due m gam mui. Git cia m a: 5,150, B, 10,125, ©. 25,950. D..20,475. Huéng dn Ta 08: Mog + Mg = 4,65 + 0,18.36,5 = 10,125 gam + Chon B. Vi dy 2: C6 cate chat sau: C,H,NH, (1); NH, (2): CH.NH, (3); C,H.NH, (4); NaOH (5) va (C,H,),NH (6), Day cdc chét durge sp xép theo chibu tng dan tinh bazo la: at ng A.(6)< (4) <2) <@)<(1) <6). B.(6)< (1) <)<@)< (4) < (6). ©. (4) (6) < 2) < (8) <(1) < 6). D.(1) <(5)< (2) < (3) <(4)< 6). Huéng din C,H,NH, (4): amin thom bac 1. (CH,NH, (3); C,H,NH, (1): amin no, bac 1 (C,H,).NH (6): amin thom bac 2 Thi ty 50 sanh lye bazo: ‘Amin thom bc 2 < amin thom b&c 1 < NH, < amin no ba 1 < amin no bac 2 < NaOH Ngoai ra, lve bazo ola CH,NH, (3) < 0,H,NH, (1) vi nhém ~C.H, dy e manh hon -CH, + Lam tang m&t 66 ¢ trén N— Tinh bazo tang = Thirty lye bazo tang dn: (6) < (4) < (2) < (8) < (1) <6). = Chon A. iy 3: Trung ha ho’ toan 3,1 gam mot amin (no, don hire, mach hd) bing axit HE, tao ra 6,75 gam mubi. Amin c6 cng thir ls A.C}H,NH,. B. CH,CH,CH,NH,. ©. CH,NHCH,, D.CH.NH,. ®Huéng dn Theo din at bao toan kh6I gE: Mpg My, = Mg * Mage 36.5. = Pau Mann Mine 36.5 Do amin no, dan chire, mach hé (R-NH,) > Nan = Myc, = 0,4 Mol 31.gam/mol > R+16=31->R = 15(-CH,) > CH.NH, + Chon D, Vi dy 4: Cho 19,4 gam hn hp hai amin (no, don chirc, mach hd, ké tiép trong day «ding dng) téc dung hét véi dung dich HCI, thu duge 34 gam muéi. Céng thire phan tir cea hal amin 1a: A.CH.N Va CH. B.C.H,N va C.H,N. ©. CH.N va HN. D. CH,N va CH,N. Huéng adn Goi céng thie chung cia hal amin i G,H,..NH, Phuong tri hea hc: CiHs.NH + HCI GH... NHAC! Theo dinh ut bBo ton Kh6i OMG: Maa + Mg = My“ M385. Do amin no, dan chiro, mach hé (R-NH,) — Myay = Ryo = Do hai amin ké tgp nhau trong day dng dng —> Hai amin la C,H,N va CH,N. ~ Chon D. 3. Baltap ty yen Cau 1 (ID: 03088) Day duoc sp xép theo chidu giém dn tinh bazo la A. CH,NHCH, > C.H.NH, > CHNH, > C,H,NH, > NH, BB. (C,H,),NH > C,H,.NH, > NH, > CH.NHCH, ©. CH.NHCH, > C,H.NH, > CH.NH, > NH, > C,H.NH,, .C.H.NH, > CH.NHCH, > CH,NH, > NH, > C,H,NH,eerie ie ese ait ‘Cau 2 (1D; 09086) Tinh bazo eta etylamin men hon amoniae duge gil thich ldo: ‘A. do géc C,H,- c6 tinh day electron. B. etylamin lam quy tim tam nuéc hoa xanh, amoniac khéng o6 tinh chat nay. C. nguyén ti N & trang thai lai hod sp®. D. nguyén tty N cdn cp electron chua tham gia lién két. cau 3 (1D: 03092) 6 a anilin 66 tinh bazo yéu hom NH, 1 do yéu t6 ndo? ‘A. Nhém -NH, cdn mét ofp electron ty do chua tham gia lién Ke. BB, Nhém -NH, 66 tée dyng day electron v8 phia vong benzen lam gidm mat d electron cla W. CC. Phan ti kh6! oda anilin on hon so v6i NH, D. Géc phenyl cé anh huréng hit electron, lam gidm mat 4 electron ctia nguyén ti N. Cau 4 (10: 09107) Multan a ca do met 86 amin gtr, ching han timely. 88 hiv mii tanh ca 4, trudc khi ndu ta o6 thé dng chAt nao sau day? ‘A. Ancol etylic. B. Gidm an, C. Mudi an bao hoa. D. Nuc ozon, (Cau 5 (ID: 19929) Cho 30 gam hin hop hai amin don chite téc dung vira du vi V ml dung dich HCI 1,5M, thu duoc dung dich chira 47,52 gam hén hop mubi. Gia tri cha V la A. 160, B. 720. ¢..329. D. 320. (Cau 6 (ID: 31329) Cho Ivgng du aniin phan img hoan toan v6i 0,05 mol HC long. Khéi lgng mudi thu due bang bao nhiéu gam? ‘A. 41,150 gam. B.6,475 gam . 1,825 gam. D. 4,650 gam Cu 7 (ID: 31930) Cho 9,85 gam hn hop hai amin don chire no, ké tiép nhau trong day dng dng téc dung vira di v6i dung dich HCI thu duge 18,975 gam muéi. Céng thire edu tao cia hai amin ln lot l&: ‘A. CH,NH, va CH,NH,. B. CH,NH, va C,H,NH, ©. CH,NH, va C,H,NH,, D. CH.NH, va C.H,NH,. ‘Cau 8 (ID: 31398) Trung hoa hoan toan 8,88 gam m6t amin (bc mot, mach cacbon khéng phan nhanh) béing axit HCl, tao ra 17,64 gam mubl. Amin 6 cOng thie la: ‘A. H.NCH,CH,CH,CH,NH, B. CH,CH,CH,NH,, ©. H,NCH.CH,NH.. D. H.NCH,CH,CH,NH,, Cau 9 (ID: 19931) Cho 2,655 gam amin no, don chitc, mach ho X tac dung véi lureng dur ‘dung dich HCI. Sau khi phan Gng xay ra hoan toan, thu dug 4,8085 gam musi. Céng thire phan tt ota X la A.CHN, B.CH.N, ©.CHN. D.CH.N, pép én G0 [2A [s-b [4-8 [5-D | 6-8] 7A e-D]9-D) @4. Phuong php gi + B6t chay amin don chic Cong thie: Ph ena + Bét chay amin no, don chite, mach he *on60, (n+) 0, on€0, (0+ $40 Cong thitc: [Ryo Roo, = NM * Sir dung céc dinh luat bao toan Bao toan nguyén t6: C,H, N Bo toan kh6i lugng: Piggy = Mg + M+ My, Monn *Ma = Meo, +My +My, Vi dy: B8t chay 0,1 mol etylamin thu ‘uge V lit khi N, & iu kien teu chudn, id ti cta Vis A336. 8.448, Huéng an c.4,12 D224. ch 1: Tinh theo phuong trinh héa hoc Bo Tost oHwN+ 180, © 5200, +2,0+4N, N+ Bo, 100, + 5HO+ SN, oa > 005 Vy, =005.22,4= 412 It (Céch 2: Sir dng céng thie tinh nhanh Pann = 27, >My, = 0,08 mol Vy, =0,08.22,4 = 412 iit + Chon ©. Wu: B6t chay 0,1 mol mot amin no, {gon chic, mach hd thu duge V It khi CO, 6 dibu kign tibu chudn va 6.3 gam nude. Git cla Vl A336. 8.448. Huéng dn m_63 we ‘Sir dung céng thie tinh nhanh: C412, D.2,24Tena 2. Vi dy minh hoa Vidy 1: B6t chay hoan todn mot amin no, don chire, mach hé thu duge te kh6ilweng cha CO, so véi nue la 88 : 63. Cong thirc phan tt clia amin dé la: A.CHNN. B.CH.N. ©.CH.N, D.CH,N. Hudng dan ogg, 88 gom-+ my =63gam-» 1 = 88:44 _ 4 Gib 6d ma, = 88 98m» ys = 9AM 9 He = EEE Goi céng thire ting quét ciia amin la C,H.,,.N (n= 1). en+3, anes; 2 “n=2 —+ Cong thie cia amin: C,H,N. CH, :N+82*30, © sno, + Theo phuong trinh: "22-20 _4 1 HO+N, Chon B. Vi dy 2: Bdt chay hoan toa hai amin no, don chite, mach hi dng ding ké tip thu duge 4,4 gam CO, va 3,6 gam H,O. Hal amin d6 la: ‘A.CH,NH, va C.H,NH,, B. CH,NH, va CH,NH,. ©. C\H,NH, va C,H,NH,, D. CH,NHC,H, va (CH,),NH. Ta c6: Moo, =4,4 gam va my. Goi cong thire chung cla 2 amin 8 C;H,.sN (A> 1) 80434 © 60, , 2043, 4 CHaN Sto, c0,.72ho.4n, Theo phvna tm: 22-52-4548 — Halal CHAN, VACA, Pho. + Chon A. ‘Vi dy 2: D&t chay hod toa 5,9 gam mot amin don chic cdn VlitO, (Bkte) thu duge 6,72 CO, 1,12, (cdc the tch do & dtc) va 8,1 gam nutic. Gid treba Vl 812.62. B. 19.54 ©.11,76. 0.17.16, Hung din 0,05 mot‘Theo dinh luat bao toan khdi lwgng: Man * Mozy = Meo, + Mo +My, Moy = Mo, +o +My, — Mann 3.44 +8,1+0,05.28-' 3.525 mol-> V =1476 it 16,8. gam Mage Chon ©. 3. Bai tap ty yen ‘CAu 4 (ID: 03136) Khi abt chy hodn todn amin rong ox! vita di, sin phm thu due gdm: A.CO,,H,O. B.CO,, H,0, O,, ©.N,,0,,H,0. D.CO,, H,0, Ny (Cu 2 1D: 03141) Ki dt chay amin no, don chitc, mach ha thi bigu thre ign he gia $6 mol nude va sé mol khicacbonic nao sau day la ding? A Mon, Myo = 45 B. yo Meo, ©. gy, — hg = 3m D. myo Meo, =3P san ‘cau (1D: 09155) B6t chay m gam hén hop gdm hai amin no, don chic, mach hb, thu Guge 266 yam CO, va 18.45 yatn H,O. Gis eda 18 A. 13,36 B. 1266. ©. 13,0. D. 11,95. ‘Cau 4 (1D; 03160) Bdt chay hoa toan mot amin no, don chit, b8c Il, mach hi X thu duge Ki cacbonie va hot nu theo tig s6 mol twang tng la 2: 3. Céng tha cfu tao cia X la A. CH,NHCH, B. CHNHG.H, ©. CH,CH, CH.NH, D.C}H.NHC,H, Cau 5 (1D: 03175) Bét chay hoan toan amin dan chise X, thu duge 16,6 It CO,; 28 IN, (Gktc) va 20,25 gam H,0. Cong thire phn tir cia X a ACH B.CHNN, C.0.HN D.CHWN Cau 6 (ID: 03256) 06 chay hoan toan hn hop hal amin no, don chit, Kb tiép nhau trong day ding ding thu duge 22 gam CO, va 14,4 gam H,O. Cong thie phan tr cia hai amin a A. C)HN ya OH, B.CHNVACH.N. ©. CHIN va O.HN. D.CH,.Nva CH. cau7 (ID: 31344) D6t chay hoan toan hén hgp hai amin no, don chite, dng ding ké tp thu duge 2,24 lit CO, (aki) va 8,6 gam H,0. Tén goi ca hai amin a: ‘A. propylamin va butylamin B. elylamin va propylamin CC, metylamin va etylamin. D. etylmetyiamin va dimetylamin ap an (4-0 [2-8 [ 3-A] 4-8 | 5-8] 6-C]7-c) &BAI 2: AMINO AXIT Phan 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM “Bs 1. knai nigm, dann p 2. Khai nig ‘Amino axit la logi hop chét hit co (gp che trong phan tr cha GBng thoi nhém aiino (CNH) va nhém (COOH). Vi dy: HN~C.H, “COOH; CH, ~CH-COOH NH, b. Danh phap . + Ten thay thé [Axit + 36 chi vi tri nhém —NH,+ amino + tén hidrocacon no twang img m cic] Vidu: GH, -CH-GOOH : axit 2-aminopropancic Ma, (Ch j Vi tri cacbon s6 2, 86 3 cdn dug goi la vi tr a, 8. «tog Céng thire ‘Ten thong Ki higu M NH, a d i H.N-ICH,], -CH-COOH a ee “@® 2. Chu tao phan ter H.N-CH, -COOH=—H,N-CH, -COO- ‘Amino axit la nhling hop chat o6 cfu tao ion luting oye nén & albu kign thug chuing 1a chat rn kat tinh, twrong di dé tan trong nuio va cb nhiét 66 néng chai16 viét cdc dbng phan cia amino exit ta vit abng phan cia axit tong ing sau 66 Vi dy: Ung véi ong thite phan tr C)HON ta Gi viét cic ding phan amino axit nh sau: 2442-9 2 + Ngoai ign k&t di trong nhom -COOH, ‘amino axit chiza todn lién két don, &4.b-coon “b-¢-coon i Dau" <8t nhém -NH, vao mach, 7 chi vit at nhom -NH, + Tih hg tin HIN-CH, -COOH+ HCI-> CIKN-CH, ~COoH HIN-CH, -COOH+ NaOH > H,N—CH, ~COONa-+H0 Tinh ant bao + Néu a b — Quy tim chuyén ad + Phan img ing ca nom COOH: phan mg este Na HN-CH, ~COOH + C,HOHPMMCHN-CH, -COOCH, + + Phan ng tring nag nH,N~[CH],~COOH —*-.4NH-[CH,,- CO +nH,0 aretha karen at Cc amino axit thién nhién (hdu hét ld c-amino Fx axit) a nhing hyp chat co sé dé kién tao nén cdc Jogi protein ca co thé séng. Muéi mononatri cia axit glutamic dung lam = ‘Amino axit_ ——_michin = sit glutamic 1a thube 8 tro thin kinh, methionin fa thuée bé gan. Axit 6-aminohexanoic (e-aminocaproic) va axit T-aminoheptanoic (w-aminoenantoic) a nguyén liu san xubt to nilon-6 va rilon-7.Phan 2 CAC DANG BAI TAP Be Dang 1: Ly thuyét tong tam 4. Vid minh ga Vi dy 1: Amino axit fd hep chét hiu co trong phan ti A. chiva nhom cacboxyl va nhém amino. B. chi chiza nhém amino, C. chi chira nhém cacboxyl. D. chi chiva nite ho&c cacbon. Huong dn Amino axit la loai hop chat hu co’ tap chire trong phan tir chira ding thai nhém amino (ANH, va nhom cacboxyl (-COOH). = Chon A. Vi dy 2: Hop chdt H,NCH(CH,)JCOOH o6 ten thuong la: A.alanin B. axit -aminopropanotc. C. axit a-aminopropionic D. glyxin, Huong dan ( Ten thay thé Ten bane théng | Ténthuong | [HINCH(GH)COOH | axt2-aminopropanois | axta-aminopropancie | alanin = Chon A Vi dy 3: Amino axtX o6 phan tr Kh6i bing 117 gamimol. Ten cia X ia: A.alanin B. olin ©. vain. D. lyin. Hung din ‘Alanin: CH,-CH(NH,}-COOH; M=89. Glyxin: H,N-CH,-COOH; M=75. Valin: CH, -CH(CH, )-CH(NH, “COOH; M=117. Lysin: H,N-ICH,],~CH(NH,)-COOH: M=146, = Chon c. 2. Bai tp ty luyen (Cau 1 (ID: 31391) Trong dung dich H,N-CH,-COOH tBn tai ch yu & dang nao? A Anion. B. Cation. . Phan ti trung hoa. D. fon luéng oye Cau 2 (ID: 31392) $6 dng phan amino axit ob céng thire phan ti C,H,O.N la: a2 8.3. 4. D5. ®Cau 3 (ID: 31393) Phat bi6u nao sau day khéng ding? ‘A. Cac amino axit déu la chat rin & nhigt 6 thong. BB. Axit glutamic la than phan chinn ca bét ngot . Amino axit & nhiing chat rén, kt tinh, tan t6t trong nude va 6 vi ngot. D. Céc amino axitthién nhién hu hét la cdc a-amino axit. Cau 4 (ID: 31394) Tiong cae t8n gol dus CCH,CH(CH,)CH(NH,)COOH? A. Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic. B. Valin, ©. Axit 2mety-3-aminobutanoic D. Axit a-aminoisovaleric, oiosn (CD TBAT 8-8 ne) @r Dang 2: Phan ting abt chay 1. Phuong phap gi ‘Bét chay amino axit no, mach he, phan {ir chi chira mot nhém -NH, va m6t nhém COOH. an-5, Cy 0.Ns SS —£nco, +(0+HO+u Cong thie: Phyo “Moo, = 0,5Marino at + Binh ludt bao toan nguyén 6 BINTO: 11 sR anno it) = 2h 21 Poaninomats *2Po,y4 =a, *P BINT NE: Monegan = hat + Binh luat bao toan khdi lugng Maron = Me +My +My +My Mancan +Moy 10 + Myo +My, ay, tén nao khéng phi hyp v6i chét: Vi dy: B6t chay 0,1 mol mgt amino axit no, dan chire, mach ho (cha 1 nhom —NH, ‘vat nhom COOH) thu duge V, litkhi CO,,. Vs lit Kh N, & albu kign tu chudn va 4,5, gam nuée. Gié tj cla V, va V, lin legt A.0480a0,112, B.0,560va 0.672. 1D. 4,480 va 1,120. 6. 5,600 va 6,720, ‘Sir dung efng thie tinh nhanh: COng thie: Mo Me, = O:5ruare ast Peo, = Ryo ~ 0.5 ano wt 0,25-0,5.041 =0,2 mol mo, = y= rena)2. Vidy minh hoa Vig 1: Bét chy hod toan m gam amino axitno, mach he Asin ra 2mol CO, va 2:5 mol H,0 va méturgng kh N,. Tim gi tr cia m bit A chi cha 1 nhém -NH, va 1 nhém -COOH? ATS. 5.29, 17, D. 146. Hung dén ‘Ao dung ob thir tinh nani oP, =O. at “+ Penen a =1mol-> 15, =05 mol Bio toan nguyén 16 0: Moaneaae) *2Moyan = Aco, Mao Mp) =O5(2.2+2,5~2.1) =2,25 mol Theo dinh luat bao toan khdi lugng: Mano ait +Mo,pu=Meo, + Myo +My, Ad +25.18-+0,5.28-225.2 5 gam > Maro ait = Chon a. 3. Bai tap ty uyén (Cau 4 (ID: 31411) Bét chay 0,1 mol mot amino axit no, don chirc, mach ha (chira mat nhém “NH, va mot nhém ~COOH) thu duge V It khi CO, 6 didu kign tibu chun va 8.9 gam nub. Gia tr chia V la: A224, 672, ©.8,96. D. 11,20. Cau2 (1D: 31412) B6t chay 0,2 mol hop chat amino axit A duge lay tr thién nhien, thu due 26,4 gam khi CO,; 12,6 gam hoi H,O va 2,24 It khiN, (Bktc). Nu d6t chy 1 mol Ac 3,75 ‘mol O,, Céng thirc cfu tgo cia X la: A. H.NCH(C,H,)COOH, B.H,NCH,COOH. .H.NCH(CH,JCOOH. D.H,NCH,CH,COOH cau 3 (1D: 31413) B6t chay hoan toin 75 gam amino axit no, mech hd X sinh ra 2.mol CO,, 2,5 mol H,O va a mol khiN,. Tim gt ca a bib X chi chia 1 nhém -NH, va 1 nhém -COOH? A025, 8.050, 6.075. D. 1,00 cau4 1D: 31414) Bétchay hod toan m gam amino axitno, mach hé B sinh ra 3mmol CO, va3.5 ‘mol H,O va mt ugg kh N,. Tim git cia m bit B chi chira 1 née -NH, va 1 nihém~COOH? AT, 89. e117. D. 146. via Cro] 26 [8 [48) ®* Dang 3: Tinh exit -bazo 41. Phuong phap giai + Cn ghinho mot s6 amino axit lm di mau quy ti Lys lam quy tim chuyén xanh, Gly, Ala, Val Khong lam 481 mau quy tim, {Glu lam quy tim chuyén + Amino exit téc dung véi HCI (H.N), -R-(COOH), +bHCI-> (CIH,N), -R-(COOH), Bin lugt bo toan kni long ™ 36,5 nino wit * 36:5-Mycipy = Mays? Phere = Vi du: Cho 18,75 gam H.NRCOOH phan tng hét v6i dung dich HCI, thu dure dung dich chia 27,875 gam mubi Sé mol HCI da tham gia phan tng la ‘A. 0,05 mol B.010mo. 020ml. ———D.0,25 mol Hung din ‘Sir dung cong tha tinh nan: Ma “Meese _ 27875-1878 =0,25 mol 365 Pease = = Chon D. + Amino axit tac dung voi NaOH (HN), -R-(COOH), +aNaOH > (HN), -R-(COONa), +aH,0 ‘Tang glam knéi long: ™ 22 + (23-1).-P yoy it = Mts > [Pace \Vi dy: Cho 18,75 gam H,NRCOOH phan ting hét v6i dung dich NaOH, thu duoc dung dich chita 24,25 gam mubi. S6 mol NaOH da tham gia phan mg la: ‘8.005 mol. B.0,10 mol. €.0,20 mol. D.0,25 mol. Huéng d&n ‘Str dung cong thie tinh nhanh: Maus ~Mrio on _ 24,25-18,75 _ 9 08 mo ores = eee, 0,25 mol Chon D.+ Phan Ging néi tip ‘Bai fon 1: Amino axit phan ting voi dung dich kiém ri by sn phém dem phan ing voi dung dich axit (eum, (coo, ase [HNK-R- (COONS), vse ey -8 coo, NaOH du hode (H.N),-R-(COOM), dy \Nact COng thie: 17 Phas =Praon = Piso 121 eg Phaon +0 [3/ mg, + Mey + Me = Moy + Mol 28a toan 2: Amino axt phan tng v6i dung dich axit ri ldy sn phém dem phan ting voi dung dich kiém _ c_, {CHAN -R-(COOH, sont, [HN), ~R-(COONS), Ca, AE oat R-(coomay a Cong thie: [77Mhas = ho 21 Phacnw Po =P + coos 2. Vidy minh hoa Vi dy 1: Trong ee dung dich: CH,-CH,-NH,, H.N-CH,-COOH, H,N-CH(CH,)- (COOH, H,N-CH,-CH(NH,)-COOH, HOOC-CH,~CH,~CH(NH,}-COOH. 86 dung dich lam xanh qui tim 1a: a4. BS. 2 D4 Huéng dn (CH,-CH,-NH, la amin no, c6 tinh bazo — Quy tim chuyén mau xanh, H,N-CH,-COOH va H,N-CH(CH,)-COOH: s6 nhém NH, bing s6 niném COOH = Quy tim khong 661 mau. H,N-CH,-CH(NH,)-COOH: s6 nhém NH, niu hon sé nhém COOH — Quy tim chuyén xanh, HOOC-CH,~CH,-CH(NH,)-COOH: s6 nhém NH, ition sé nom COOH = Quy tim chuyén héng. Vay 06 hai dung dich fam xanh quy tim, + Chon ©. Vi dy 2: Cho 75 gam H,NCH,COOH phan tg hét véi dung dich NaOH, thu duge dung dich cha m gam mu6i Git eda m 1 840. B63. c.97, p.114, @Huéng dn Céch 1: Tinh theo phuong trinh héa hoe: H,N-CH, - COOH+NaOH->H,N-CH, ~COONa+H,0 > 1 mol 97¢am (Gach 2: Sty dung cbng thre tinh nhanh: Ta.06: Pwo = Panne = 1 0! + Mss ® Mamaua * 22 Phang = 75 + 22.4 = 97 gam Chan c, \Vi'du 3: Cho 0,15 mol alanin vao 175 mildung dich NaOH 2M, thu due dung dich A. Cho HOI du vao dung doh A. Sau Kh cc phn Ging hod ton, 96 mol HCI da phign ang la: ‘8.0.70 mol B. 0,50 mol €.0,65 mol D. 0,55 mol Huéng dn aon = 0175.2 = 0,95 mol ‘Afanin (H,N-CH(CH,)-COOH) trong phan tir chura 1/nhém -NH, va 1 nhém COOH Mang = Mason = 0.15 mol Sir dyng cng thae tinh nnanh: Prope = Puan +P, = 0,35 + 0,15 = 0,6 mol + Chon B. Vi dy 4: Cho 0,18 mol alanin vao 175 mi dung dich HC! 2M, thu dug dung dich B. (Cho NaOH dur vao dung dich B. Sau khi cdc phan tng xy ra hoan toan, sé mol NaOH 8 phan Ung lai A.0,70 mol. B. 0,50 mol. ©. 0,65 mol. D. 0,85 mol. Huong din eq, = 0,175.2 = 0,35 mot Alanin (H,N-CH(CH,)-COOH) trong phan tir chia 1 nhém -NH, va 1 nhém ~COOH Meco ‘Sir dung c6ng thé tinh nhanh: Pyaonne = Phar +7. coon = 0,35 + 0,15 = 0,6 mol = Chon B. tn = 0,15 mol8. Bai tap ty luygn (Cau 4 (ID: 19926) Cho cdc cht sau: lysin, axit glutamic, valin, lyxin,alanin, timetyla a anilin. $6 chét lam quy tim chuyén mau hng, mau xanh va khOng dBi mau ln lot 41,24. 8.3.1.3. 6.2.2.3. D2, 1,4. (Cau2 (ID: 31447) X 1a mot a-amino axit no chi chira mot nhém -NH, va mét nhém ~COOH. Cho 15,1 gam X tac dung voi HCI du thu duxyc 18,75 gam muéi. S6 mol HCI 48 phan ing la: A.0.1 mol. B.02 mol. €.0,3 mol D.04 mol. ‘Cau 3 (ID: 31446) X la mot a-amino axit no chi chiva mot nhém —NH, va mot nhom -COOH (Cho 23,4 gam X téc dung v6i dung dich NaOH dur thu duge 27.8 gam muéi. S6 mol NaOH, 6 phan tng la: A.04 mol. B.0,2 mol. €.0,3 mol D.04 mol. (Cau 4 (1D: 31449) Cho 0,012 mol lysin phan ting vira dit v6i dung dich HCI tao ram gam mudi. Gi tr cia m 1a A.1,752. B.2,190, c.2,628, D.3,066. (Cau 5 (ID: 31450) X la mot amino axit chi co mot nhém amino -NH, va mét nhom cacboxyl COOH. Cho 68,75 gam X phan ing vira di véi dung dich HCI tao ra 94,125 gam mub Vay cong tha cu tao ca X la: ‘A. H,.NCH, COOH. B. H.NCH=CHCOOH, C. CH,CH(NH, COOH. D. CH,CH(NH,JCH,COOH. (Cau 6 (1D: 31461) Cho 15 gam glyxin vao 300 mi dung dich HC! 1M, thu duexe dung aioh x. Cho X téc dung dung dich KOH du, sau phan ting hoa toan sé mol KOH a phan tng a A.0.2 mol B.0,3 mol. €.0,4 mol. D.0,5 mol. (Cau 7 (1D: 31462) Cho 11,7 gam valin vao 200 mi dung dich KOH 1M, thu dure dung dich X. Cho X te dung dung dich HCI du, sau phan Ging hoa toan s6 mol HC! da phan img i: A.0.2 mol. B.0,3 mol €.04 mol D.0,5 mol (Cau 8 (ID: 19942) Cho hn hop X chira 17,8 gam alanin va 15 gam glyxin tac dung v6i 500, mi dung dich NaOH 1M. Khi phan ng xay ra hodn to&n, c6 can dung dich, thu due m gam ‘ohdt rén khan. Gi tr cia m li: A222. B. 194. 6.458, 0.416. ‘Cau 9 (1D: 19930) Cho 7,3 gam lysin va 15 gam glyxin vo dung dich chira 0,3 mol KOH, thu durge dung dich Y. Cho Y téc dung hoan toan véi dung dich HC! du, thu duge m gam smu6i, Gi tr ea m la A.55,600. B.53,775. €.61,000, . 32,250. bain GA [2A | 3-8] 4-0 5-c]| 6-0] 7-8] 8c] 9a ®BAI 3: PEPTIT VA PROTEIN Phan 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM a. Khai nigm Peptt 8 nhding hop chat chira tir 2 dén ‘50 géc a-amino axit én két véi nhau bang lien két peptit Lién két peptit 1a lién Két ~CO-NH citra hal don vi a-amino axit. Nném—C-NH~ gia hai don vi a-amino ‘axit Guge gol la nhém peptt. b. Phan log! Cligopeptt chiza 2 dén 10 abc c-amino ax. Polipeptit chira 11 dn 60 g6c a-amino ax. «e, Danh phap ‘Ten cla ce peptit dugc hinh thanh bing cach ghép tén g6c axyl cla céc a-amino axit bat dau tir dau N, 11 k6t thc bing tén cca amino axit du C. . Tinh chét h6a hoc * Phan dng thy phan Cac peptit c6 th8 bj thiy phan thanh cde ‘@-amino axit hoc thanh céc peptit ngén hon nhé xi tac axit hode bazo. Peptit “0H, gamino axit Pepst 282 Pepi ngén hon Lien két peptit, a ° H wn bf wl L oA Ay ur KY ‘Amino axit du N YS ‘Amino axit dau C Chita 2 g6c c-amino axit:dipepiit Chiza 3 géc a-amino axit:ripepiit Chita 4 géc a-amino axit: VI dy: Bipepit tgo thanh ti glyxin va alanin éuge goi tén nhu sau: H.N-CH, -CO-NH-CH(CH,)-COOH (Céch 1: glyxylalanin (Céch 2: Gly-Ala Pion aN te ong ya poor ny ph apt 0g tong a @+ Phan tng mau biure rong mi trvéng kid, pep 06 tr 2 én xt pepttrlén 66 phan ng wi Cu(OH), tao phite mau tim dae tun. Chi J: Bipeptt chi © 1 lin kt pepsi nn khong o6 phan tng mau biue. D2 Protein a. Khai nigm Protein la nhimng polipepit cao phn tir cb pant kh ti vai che nghin dn vai tu . Phan loai + Protein dom gin: khi thy phn chi cho én hgp cdc a-amino axit + Protein phitc tap: tao thanh tir protein «don gin cong véi thanh phan “phi protein’, ¢.Tinh chat vat i Nhidu protein tan duge trong nuéc tao thanh dung dich keo va bj déng tu Iai khi un néng, Sy dong ty va két ta protein cing xay +a khi cho axit, bazo hoe mot s6 mudi vvao dung dich protein, 4. Tinh ch&t héa hoe + Phan ing thiy phan: twong ty peptt + Phan Ging mau biure. Protein c6 phn ung mau biure v6 Cu(OH), + Dang a8 nan biét protein. @ Fa Vi du: anbumin eva long trng tring, fioroin cia to tim, Vi dy: nucleoprotein chive axit nucleic, lipoprotein chiva chat béo, Vi dy: Long tréng trang bi dong ty kh dun néng,Phin 2 GAC DANG BAI TAP "Dang 1: Ly thuyét trong tam 4. Vi.dy minh hoa Vidy 1: Phat biu nao sau day ding? ‘A. Phan tr dipepito6 2 lidn kat peptit B. Polipeptit chia 11 dén 50 gbc amino axt. C. Cac dung dich peptit déu cé phan Ging mau biure. . Trong phan tr peptt mach hey chira n g6c a-amino ax $6 lién két peptit bing n—1. Huéng dn ‘Asai vi phan ti dipepit chi chira 1 lién kt peptt 8 sai vi poipeplt chia ty 11 dén 0 gbc amino axit C sal vi sléng dipeptit chi o6 1 lién két peptit nén khéng o6 phan ting mau biure. D ding. + Chon D. (Chi ys Peptt igo thanh tirn géc camino axit c6 (n—1) én két peptit Vi dy 2: Cho peptit c6 cong thirc cu tao nhu sau: H.N-CH-CO-NH-CH, -CO-NH-CH-COOH cH, HoH), ‘Tén goi duing cia peptit trén la: A. Ala-Ala-Val B.Ala-Giy-Val C.Gy-Ala-Gy. ——_D. Gly-ValAla, ‘Huréng dan H.N-CH-CO-NH~CH,~CO-NH-CH-COOH Cah 1: Alanylglyxyivalin ba, uct), Gach 2: Ale yal aa ag ~ chon, ‘Vi dy 8: Trong hop chét sau day cb méy lien k&t peptit? H,N-CH,~CO-NH-CH{CH, )-CO-NH-CH, ~CO-NH-CH{(G,H,)-CH,-CO-NH-CH,- cooH At B.2 3. D4. Huéng dn Lien két peptit la lién két ~CO-NH- gida hei don vi a-amino axit ran-c# Eo-nvf- cores 0-H -co-NH-cH(,H)-CH-CO-HN-C.-COOH o a e@ = Chon B,Vidy 4: Ti glyxin (Gly) va alanin (Ala) o6 th tg0 ti da bao niu dipeptit? At. B.2. 3. D.4. Hung dan ich 1: Ligt ke ipeptt edu to tr 2 gBc c-amino axitglbng nhau: Gly-Gly, Ala-Ala. Bipeptit cdu tgo tir 2 géc a-amino axit khdc nhau: Gly-Ala, Ala-Gly. CCéch 2: Ding o6ng thie tinh nhant © Gay, tiv 2 loai a-amino axit khac nhau (Gly va Ala) sé tao duge sé dipeptit la: 2° = 4 + Chon 0. Cha Ti tog a-amino axit khéc nhau sé tao thanh nl peplit chia dng thoi n lost a-amino axit a. Tw m ogi a-amino axit khdc nhau sé tao Guge m” peptit (phan tty chira tat cd n a-amino anit) \Vi dy 5: C6 bao nhiéu tripeptit (mach hd’) ma khi thiy phan hoan toan du thu duge 3 ‘amino axit: glyxin, alanin, valin? 3. B.6, c.9 bu 12 Hung din (Cc 1: Li8t 6 Do cdc tripeptitkhi thay phan hoain ton abu thu duge 3 amino axit:glyxn,alanin, valin rnén ching phai tao thanh ty 3 loa a-amino axit hdc nhau ban du: Gly-Ala-Val, Gly-Val-Ala, Ala-Gly-Val, Ala-Val-Gly, Val-Gly-Ala, ValAla-Gly (Céch 2: Dang cbng thi tinh nhanh: © day ir 3 loai a-amino axit hdc nhau (Gly, Ala va Val) $8 tg0 duge «ng thoi 3 loal a-amino axit a6. = Chon B. 6 tipeptit chira Vi dy 6: Trong cdc nhén xét sau, nn xét nd ding? ‘A Protein la nhiing poipeptit cao phan tir cb phan tiv kh6i ti vai chye nghin ti vai tru B. Trong phan tr protein chi gdm cc polipepti nd voi nnau bang ign két peptit. . Tit cd céc protein bu dB tan trong nu6c go dung dich Keo. .B&c tinh sinh I ca protein khong phy thuc vao edu tric ca protein ma chi phy thude vio $6 lung, tr ty sfip xép céc gbc a-amino axit trong phan tir Hyéng dn ‘A ing vi 46 i inh ghia cia protein. B sai vi ngoai polipeptt, protein cdn céc thanh phan khac nu “phi protein’, axit nucleic. sai vi chi céc protein hinh c&u tan trong nud tao dung dich keo. D sai vi éac tinh sinh Iy cba protein ph thube vao c&u tric cla protein. =. Chen A,2. Bai tp ty luyén_ cau 4 (ID: 03969) Phat biéu nao sau day khong ding? ‘A. Pepiit mech hé phan tt chia hai lién ket peptit doc goi a éipeptit B. Cac peptit déu la chat rén, nhigt d6 néng chay cao va dé tan trong nuée. C. Pepiit mach hé phan tir chiza hai géc a-amino axit duge goi ld dipeptit. D. Cac peptt ma phan tir chia tr 11 dén 50 gbe a-amino axit dupe gol polipeptt. ‘Cau 2 (ID: 03975) Hop chat nao sau day thudc loai dipeptit? ‘A.H.N-CH,CH, ~CONH-CH,CH,COOH. B. H,N-CH,CH, -CONH~CH,COOH. C, H,N--CH,CONH-CH,CONH-CH,CONH D.H.N-CH, -CONH-CH(CH, )-COOH. (Cau 3 (ID: 03995) Tén goi cita peptit HOOC - CH, - NH CO - CH(CH,) — NH, 18: A.VakAla, B.Ala-Val C.Ale-Gly D. Gly-Ala. (Cau 4 (ID: 04024) $6 tripeptit mach hé 18 da thu durgc tir hin hop gdm glyxin va alanin a AB. B.6. 9. D4. ‘Cau 5 (1D: 31499) C6 c&c amino exit lyxin (Gly), alanin (Ala) va phenylalanin (Phe). C6 thé didu ché dugc bao nhiéu triveptt ma trong mBi phéin ti tripeptt déu chira dng thoi c 3 ‘amino axit rén? AB B.4. 6. D8. (Cau 6 (1D: 31494) Chat X c6 cong thie nhy sau H.N- CH, ~ CO - NH ~ CH(CH,) ~ CO - NH ~ CH, ~ CH, CO - NH ~ CH(C,H,) - COOH ‘86 lidn két pepiit o trong mot phan tt X ta AA. B.3. 2 Dt (Cau 7 (1D: 04011) TripeptitX c6 cong thi: H.N- CH, ~ CO - NH - CH(CH,) - CO NH ~ CH, - COOH. Tén goi iia X a ‘A. alysyalanyllyayl B. alyyialanyloiyxin C. alanylglyxyalyxin, D. glyxinalaninglyn ‘Cau 8 (ID: 03992) Khi néi v8 peptit va protein, phat biéu nao sau day la ding? ‘A. Thiy phan hoa toan protein don gid thu durge cc a-amino axt. B. Tat cd cdc peptit va protein d&u c6 phan ting mau biure v6i CUlOH), . Lin k&t ciia nhém CO véi nhém NH git hai Gon vi amino axit duec goi la lién két epi D. Oligopeptit la cc peptit 6 tr 2 dn 10 ign két petit ospsn (G-aA [2-0 | eC] #a [eo] eb] 7-8“ZS! Dang 2: Phan tang thy phan 4, Phuong phép gi Xét peptt igo thanhtirn gc a-amino axit + Moi truéng trung tinh Peptit+ (n—1)H,0 + na-amino axit (Cong thite: ‘+ Moi truéng axit Peplit + (n—}H,0+nHCl— nCINH|RCOOH Vi dy: Néu thuy phan hoan toan penta- pepiit Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly thi thu duge: A3Alava3Gy. —C.3Ala va2Gly. B.2Alava3Gy. —D. 2Alava2.Gly Huéng dn Phuong tinh héa hoe: Giy-Ala-Giy-Ala-Gly + 4H,0 ~» 2Ala + 3Gly Vay san phim thu due gbm 2 phan tir Ala va'9 phan tr Gy. =: Chon B. Vi du: Khi thiy phan han toan 65,95 ‘gam mot peptt x (ch cu tgo tr alanin) thu ‘urge 66,75 gam alanin, $6 mol nuéc 6a tham gia phan ing la: A021 ©.0,6 mol. Huéng din Ta.06: Maga +0 = Mann Mo = Man Mo 66,75 -65.95 =10,8 gam B.0,4 mol . 0,8 mol. 108 0.6 mol nyo a a + Chon ©, Vi dy: Bun néng chét o6 cdg thc H.N-CH,-CONH-CH(CH,)-COOH trong nNH,RCOONa + 1H,0 Céng thie: 1p =P 21 eon Hung din Phuong trinh héa hoe: H,NCH,CONHCH{(CH,)COOH + 2HCI + H,0 + CIH,NCH, COOH + CiH,NCH(CH,)COOH Vay san pham thu duge gém: CCIH,NCH,COOH va CIH,NCH(CH,)COOH = Chon C. Vi dy: Thiy phan hoan toan 14,6 gam Giy-Ala trong dung dich HCI du, thu éurge rm gam mui. Gia tr oda ma: A.11,15. B. 12,55. C. 18,60. D.23,70. Huéng dfn Giy-Ala: H,NCH,CONHCH(CH,)COOH Moje "May + Mag 182-1) 5+ 09~ 10 = 140 Giy-Ala + 2HCI+ #0 — mu6i 04 +0201 mol Ta 06: = Page Pye? Mey 4,6+01.18-+0,2.365 3,7 gam — Chon D. “ Vi dy: Thiy phan hoan toan 14,6 gam Gly-Ala trong dung dich NaOH du, thu Huéng dn Giy-Ala + 2NaOH — mu6i + H,0 O41 + 02 +01 mol = Magar + Myce 14,6 +0,2.40-0,1.18 20,8 gam — Chon D. ®(eeu 2. Vidy minh hoa \Vi dy 4: Thuy phan khéng hoan toan tetrapeptit (X), ngoai céc c-amino axit con thu duge cdc dipepilt: Gly-Ala; Phe-Val; Ala-Phe. Céu tao nao sau day la dling olla X? A. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala, B. Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. . Gly-Ala-Val-Phe. D. Gly-Ale-Phe-Val. Hung dn ‘Thay phan khéng hoan toan X thu duxgc cdc dipeptit Giy-Ala; Phe-Val; Ala-Phe. + Ghép mach peptt nhu sa: Giy-Ala ‘Ala-Phe Pho-Val ‘Gy-AaPheVal Chon D. Vi du 2: Thuy phan hoan toan 1,0 mol hgp chat: H,N-CH,-CO-NH-CH(CH,}-CO-NH- CH,-CO-NH-CH(C,H,)-CH,-CO-NH-CH,-COOH th thu duuge nhidu nt bao nhiéu mol ‘amino axit? AS B.A. 6.3, D.2. Hugng dn i higu cae amino axit hy sau: HIN-CH, ~CO-NH-CH(CH,)-CO-NH—CH, -CO-NH-CH(C\H,) CH, CO -NH~CH, “COOH Hop chét cdu tao tir 3 a-amino axita; 1 a-amino axitb va 1 amino axitc C6 2 loai c-amino anit la va b véi s6 mol turong dng la: 3 mol va 1 mol. “+ Téng s6 mol a-amino axit a 3+ 1 = 4 mol + Chon B, \Vi dy 9: Bradikinin ta mot nonapeptit 2 tac dung lam giam huyét ap voi cOng thir fa: ‘Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg. Khi thuy phén khéng hodin toan, s6 tripeptit cb chtta glyxin (Gly) AS. 3, D.2, Huéng on 2 ‘Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg ‘Pro-Pro-Giy-Phe-Ser 1 3 Vay €6 3 tripeptit thu dug c6 chita Gly la: Pro-Pro-Gly; Pro-Gly-Phe; Gly-Phe-Ser. + Chon ¢. e@‘Vi dy 4: Khi thy phan hein toan 85,95 gam mét peptitX thu dugc 68,75 gam alanin (amino axit duy nha) Xt A. tripeptt, B. tetrapeptt C. pentapeptit. D. dipeptt. Hung din m _ 66,75 Pa Bg = 0,75 mol Theo dinh luat bao toan khéi luong Pn +a = Maen Myo = Main 66,75 ~55,95= 10,8 gam 108 9.6 mol 18 Do X chi tao tir alanin ~» X ob dang: (Ala), Phuong trinh héa hoe: (Ala), + (n— 1)H,0 —> nAla nt nmol 06 0.75 mol = 0.75(n = 1)=0.6n += Vay X la pentapeptit o6 cong thie: Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala » Chon C. ‘Vi dy 5: Cho X la tetrapeptt Ale-Giy-Ala-Gly va Y la tripeptit Gly-Ala-Gly. Thay phan hoain ton m gam hn hop gdm X va Y thu duge san phdm gdm 30 gam glyxin va 28,48 gam alarin. Gi tr cia ml A.37,60. B. 43.47, 49,12 D.67,40, Hung dn Goi s6 mol cia X va Y lan uot la a va b. Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly + 2Ala+2Gly 2 > 2a 2a mol Giy-Ala-Gly -> 1Ala+2Gly bo + b 2 — mal =2a42b 28.48 9 39-29 gy = BSE =0,32=20+b (Mat khdc: M, = 89.2 + 75.2 3.18 = 274; M, = 89 + 2.75 2.18 = 203 “+ m= 274,0,12 + 203.0,08 = 49,12 gam, + Chon C.‘Vi du6: Thy phan hétm gam tetrapeptit Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (mech hd) thu dupe hén hop gdm 24 gam Gly, 26.4 gam Gly-Gly va 22,68 gam Gly-Gly-Gly. Gis tri cia ma 06,42, B. 66,44 81,54. 0.81.81. Huéng din 24 26.4 2268 249.32 mol, 4 Pay cy oy = Oo % Povey “759-180? MOU Money.» “E5163 ,32-+0,2.24+0,12.3 = 408 MOI Myrapaes = > Marngn =0,27(75.4~18.8) = 66,42 gam. Chon A. 2. Bai tap ty luyén (Cau 1 (1D: 31506) Thuy phan hgp chét sau s@ thu duoc bao niu logl a-amino axit? H,NCH(CH,)-CONH-CH(CH(CH,),)-CONH-CH(C,H,)-CONH-CH,-CONH- CH(C,H,)COOH A2 B.3. 4. Ds. (Cau 2 (ID: 04046) Thay phan hon toan 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu urge 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 4 ‘mol alanin (Ala), mol vatin (Val) va 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thiy phan khéng hoa toan X thu dugc sipeptt Val-Phe va tipeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhung khéng thu durgc dipeptit Gly-Gly. ‘Ch&t X 06 cng thie ki: A. Gly-Phe-Giy-Ala-Val B. Giy-Ala-Val-Val-Phe. C. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. D. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly. ‘Cau 3 (1D: 31509) Thuy phan hoan to&n 1 mol pentapeptit Athi thu duge 3 mol glyxin; 1 mol lenin va 1 mol vali. Khi thu phan kh6ng hoan toan Ath trong hn hop san phim thy cb cdc dipeptt Ala-Gly; Gly-Ala va tripeptit Gly-Giy-Vel. Amino axit ddu N, amino axit ddu C6 pentapepti A n hot a: A.Gly, Val B. Ala, Val. ©. Gy, Gly. D.Ala, Gl. (Cu 4 (ID: 04097) Bradiknin o6 tée dung lam giém huyét ap. D6 Ia mot gee rnonapeptt o5 cng thse la: Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Pho-Ag. Kh ~’ thuy phan khéng hoan toan,s6 tripeptit c6 cha phenylamin (Phe) la: AB B.S. c.8. D.7. Cau 5 (1D: 31510) Thuy phan hét m gam tetrapeptt Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala (mach hé) thu duge hén hop gdm 21,38 gam Ala, 32 gam Ala-Ala va 27,72 gam Ale-Ala-Ala. Gia tr ca ml: A. 75,50. B.81,54, €. 20,60. D. 111,74, @Cau 6 (ID: 31514) Cho X 1a hexapeptit Ala-Gly-Ala-Val-Gly-Val va Y 1a tetrapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Val. Thy phn hoan to&n m gam hén hep gdm X va Y thu duge ba amino axit, trong dé 06 30 gam glyxin va 28,48 gam alanin. Gia tr cda m ta ATS. 8.73.4 c.808, D.874. (Cau 7 (ID: 31516) Thiy phan hoan toan m gam dipeptit Gly-Ala (mach hé) bang dung dich KOH vira di thu duoc dung dich X. C6 can oan bo dung dich X thu duge 24 gam mubi khan. Gia tri cia m ta A148. B. 13.6 ©. 164 D. 122 (Cau 8 (ID: 31519) Thay phan hon toan m gam dipeptit Gly-Ala (mach hé?) bang dung dich HCI vira dG thu duet dung dich X. Cé can toan bd dung dich X thu dg 2,37 gam mubi khan. Gia tr ca m i A146. B. 1,36. ©. 1,64. D. 1,22. Cau 9 (1D; 04049) Thuy phan hoan toan 65 gam peptit X thu duge 22,25 gam alanin va 156,25 gam alyxin. X a A. dipepiit. B. tripepiit C.tetrapeptit. —_D. pentapeptt. (Cau 10 (1D: 04050) Mot dipeptit c6 kn6i long mol baing 146 gam/mol. Bipeptit 4 la A.Ale-Ala. B. Gly-Ala hode Ala-Gly, ©. Gly.Val hog Val-Gly. D. Gly-Giy, ‘Cau 11 (ID: 04382) Khi thiy phan 500 gam mét polipeptit thu Guwge 170 gam alanin. Néu polipepti 46 06 kh6I Irgmg phan ti fa 50000 GvC thi c6 bao rihiéu mat xich cia alanin? A175. B.170, c.191 D.210 ‘Cau 12 (ID: 31621) Thay phan 1250 gam protein X thu dug 425 gam alanin. Néu phan tir ki cia X bang 100000 avC thi s6 mat xich alain o6 trong phan tr X la A453. B. 382, ©. 328, 0.479, (Cau 13 (1D: 04398) Thay phan 73,8 gam mot peptt chi thu duc 90 gam alyxin (Gly). Peptit ban au i A. dipeptit B. tripeptt C.tetrapeptit. —_D. pentapeptt (Cau 14 (ID: 31531) Thay phan hoa toan 60 gam hn hop hai dipeptit thu durge 63,6 gam Sn hep X gm cdc amino axit (cdc amino exit chi o6 mpt nhém amino va mot nhém cacboxyl trong phan t2). Nu cho 1/10 hn hgp X tae dung vei dung dich HCl (du), 6 can c&n than dung dich thi kh6i krong mu6i khan thu duge a A.8,15 gam. B.7,09 gam. _€.7,82 gam D. 16.30 gam (40 [2c [eal ee [salec [ral (ea [ere [o-e [-e [2-2 [o-c [uc Bép an @“Deng 9: Phan tng abt chay pepiit va bai tap v8 cdc hop chét kde chia nto 4. Vi dy minh hea \Vidy 1: peptit mach ho Xvatripeptt mach hd Y du dupe ao nent métaminoaxit (no, mach hs, chira mot ihém -NH, va mot nhém ~COOH), B6t chay hodn todn 0,1 mol Y, thu uge ting khéi lugng CO, va H,O bang 36,3 gam. Bét chay hoan toan 0,225 mol X, san. phaim thu dug cho 16% ti tir qua nurée voi trong du, tao ra m gam két tla. Gia tri ctia m la A100. 8.90 46, 0.30 Hudng dan oi cng thie phn tir cia amino ait a0 nén popiit 8 C,H,,.0.N (n2 2), + Céng thite phan tir cia dipeptit X va tripeptit Y lan luot la C,H, 1 IN, va Cx H,,,O,Ny Bit chy ¥: CH, O.N, + m8 20," 43nco, +(3n S.0 +3 3n, Of > 0,3 — (0,3n~( os)” mol Theo db bai mo, +Mys = 0.3N-44-+ (0,300.05) 18 =388-rn=2X1CHON, ét chay X: C,H,O.N, + 2 fo, +4c0, 4+4H,O+N,, 0,225 > 09 mol CO, + Ca(OH), > CaCO, +H,0 09 + 09 ‘mol Chon B.S \Vidy 2: Chat x o6 cong thie phan tt C,H,0,N va lar met mau dung dich brom. X li ‘A. mety! aminoaxetat. B. alanin ©. glyxin. D. amoni acryat. Huéng din Metyl aminoaxetat: H.N-CH,~COO-CH, — Alanin: H,N— CH(CH,)~ COOH Giyxin: H,N ~ CH, ~ COOH ‘Amoni acrylat: CH, = CHCOONH, ‘rong cde chat trén chi cé CH, = CHCOONH, phan ting véi dung dich brom. Vay Xa CH, = CHCOONH, Chon b. 2. Bai tap ty yen cau 1 (1D: 31557) Bipeptit mach ha X va tripeptit mach ha Y du durge tao nén tir mot ‘amino axit (no, mach hé, chira mét nhém -NH, va m6t nhém ~COOH). Bét chéy hoan toain 0,1 mol ¥, duwge t8ng kh6i irgng CO, va H,0 baing 54,9 gam. B6t chay hoan toan 0.2 ‘mol X, sn phém thu dug cho I tr tir qua nutsc vi trong du, tgo ram gam két ta. Gia teicka mia A120. 8.60 C45 D.20. ap an: @(Cau 1 (1D: 31565) Lysin o6 céng thie la: ‘A. H.NCH,CH,CH,COOH. B. CH,CH,CH(NH,]COOH. . H,NICH,,CH(NH, COOH, D. CH,CH(NH,]COOH. (Cau 2 1D: $1566) Cho cdc phat bidu sau: (1) Anita t& amin thor. (2) C,H,N 06 tt 8 4 dbng phan amin bac | (@) Benzylamin la ddng @ang cla aitn, (4) Amin la hop chat chira nhém -NH, trong phan th ‘rong s6 oc phat bidu trén, s6 phat bibu ding ta At B.2 3. D.4, ‘Cau 8 (ID: 02686) Sé ang phan amin béc 1 cia amin o6 cng thitc phan tt C,H,sN la: AA, B.6. C8 D.10. ‘Cau 4 (1D: 02696) Trong s6 céc phat biBu sau, s6 phat biéu dting la (1) Trong phan tir amino axit, 66 nguyén tir Hludn Ia 96 1, (2) Danh pha a6c chirc cia C,H,NH, I etylamin (3) Amino anit thudc loai hgp chat hiru co da chitc (4) CH,CH,NH, la mgt amin knéng no, don chit, bac | At. B.2 6.3, D4 (Cau 5 (ID: 02696) Ancol va amin nao sau day cing bac? ‘A. (GH,),COH va (CH,),CNH,, B. (CH,),CHOH va (CH,),CHNH,. ©. CH,NHCH, va CH,CH(OH)CH,. . (C,H,),NH va C,H,CH,OH. au 6 (1D: 02715) Cho cae phat bigu sau: (1) Metylamin, dimetylamin,trimetylamin, etylamin cdc chat Kn, c6 mi kal. (2) Axi glutamic duge si dung lam thubc h8 tro than kinh (3) 88 khiF mi “tanh cia c&, ngubi ta sir dung mudi an. (4) Methionin duoc sir dung lam thuéc chira dau da day. ‘86 phat biéu ding fa A2, 8.3, C4. D5. (Cau 7 (ID: 31567) Hop chét khéng lam di mau gidy quy Bm ki A.CH.NH, B. H.NICH,],CH(NH,)COOH. ‘©, HOOC-CH,~CH,—CH(NH,)-COOH ._D. H,N=CH,~COOH, Cau 8 (1D: 31578) Amino axit no c6 bao nhiéu phan tmg cho sau day: phan tng vei ait, phan img v6i bazo,, phan tg trang bec, phan Ging tring hep, phan Ung trang ngung, phn ‘ang v6 ancol, phan Ging vi kim loa kibrn? AB B.4. cs D6 @(Cau 9 (1D: 03079) Cho cae chit sau: CH,NH., C,H,NH,, H.N~CH, COOH, CH,COONa, H.N- CH(CH,) - COOH, C,H,OH. $6 chat o6 dung dich lam hdng phenolphatlein la Ad B.2. 3 D5. Cau 10 (1D: 03099) B8 phan bigt dung dich céc chét: CH.NH,, H,N CH, - COOH, CH,COONH,, anbumin c&n ding ln lugt céc chAt nao sau day? ‘A. Quy tim, Cu(OH),, dung dich NaOH. B. Quy tim, dung ajoh Ca(OH), ‘C. Ca(OH), phenolphialein, dung dich NaOH. D. Quy tim, dung dich CuSO,, dung dich NaOH. (Cau 11 (1D: 03347) B& trung hoa 200 mI dung dich amino axit x 0,5M c&n 100 gam dung dich NaOH 8%, c6 can dung dich sau phan dng dugc 16.3 gam musi khan T. X cd c6ng thite cu tgo le ‘A.H.NCH,COOH, B.H.NCH(COOH), . H.NCH,CH(COOH), D. (H,N),CHCOOH, (Cu 12 (1D: 03454) Cho 0,1 mol H.NC,H,(COOH), (axit glutamic) vao 150 ml dung dich HCI 2M, thu durge dung dich X. Cho NaOH dur vao dung dich X. Sau kh cc phan ting xay ra hoan toa, 86 mol NaOH aa phan dng la .0,50 mol B. 0,65 mol ©.0,55 mol .0,70 mol. Cu 13 (ID: 03952) Hén hop X gém alanin va axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tac dung hoan toan v6i dung dich NaOH (du), th duge dung dich Y chira (m + 30,8) gam mudi. Mat kind, néu cho m gam X tc dung hoan toan véi dung dich HCl, thu durgc dung dich Z chia (m + 36,5) gam mudi. Gid tricia m la A 112.2. B.171.0. ©. 16556 0.1238, Cu 14 (1D: 03984) Phat biéu nao sau day la ating? ‘A. Phan ty cc amino axit chi c6 mét nhém amino. B. Trong peptit mach hé t2o ra tr n phan tir a-amino axit, $6 ién Kt peptit la (7-1). . Dung ich cc amino axit du khong lam 48i mau quy tim, D. Phan tr dipeptt mach hi c6 hai ién két pepit. ‘Cau 15 (ID: 03986) Phat biéu nao sau day khéng ding? ‘A. Trong mai phan tir protein, cdc c-amino axit duc sp x6p theo mot thir ty xc dinh. B. Phan ti c6 hai nhém ~CO—NH ~ duoc goi a dipeptt, ba nhém thi duge got la tripe C. Cac peptit 06 tr 11 dn 50 don vi c-amino axit cdu thanh durge goi a polipeptit , Nnding hop chat hinh thanh bang cach ngumng tu hai hay nhibu a-amino axit dure goi 42 popit ‘Cau 16 (ID: 04026) TetrapeptitX 06 cing thie: H.N-GH, ~ CONH-CH(CH,)~ CNH GH, ~ CONH~ CH, ~COOH. Tén goi cba Xa ‘A. olyxylalanylgtyxy B. glyxyialaninglyxin, C. alanylglyxylolyxin D. alayialanyigtyeylotyxinCau 17 (ID: 04032) Khi thuy phan mét peptt, chi thu duge cae dipeptit Glu-His; Asp-Glu; Phe-Val va Val-Asp. Cu tao pepit dem thuy phan la ‘A His-Asp-Glu-Phe-Val-Asp-Gi. BB. Asp-Glu-Phe-Val-Asp-Phe-Val-Asp. . Phe-ValAsp-GlirHis, D. Glu-Phe-Val-Asp-Glu-His-Asp-ValAsp. Cau 18 (ID: 04094) Thuy phan octapetit mach hé X: Gly-Phe-Tyr-Lys-Gly-Phe-Tyr-Ala thi thu éurgc ti da bao nhidutripeptt c6 chira Gly? AA. B.3. 5. D6 ‘Cau 19 (1D: 04036) Thay phan hodn toan mot tripepttX (mach hd) thu due hén hop gm alanin va glyxin theo tj 18 mol la 2:1. $6 trpeptit tha min la At B.3. 6.2. D4. (cau 20 (1D: 04046) X 1a tetrapepiit: Ala-Giy-Ale-Val. Thy phan hoa toan 0,1 mol X trong NaOH vira di thu duwge m gam mubi nate ca alanin, glyxin, vali. Git cla m la A454, B.458. 6.436, D382 cau 21 (1D: 04464) Thy phan hit mot lugng pentapeptit trong moi trubng axit thu duge 32,88 gam Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly; 10,85 gam Ale-Gly-Ala; 16,24 gam Ala-Gly-Gly; 26,28 gam ‘Ala-Gly; 8,9 gam alanin cdn Iai fa Gly-Gly va alyxin. Ti 16 s6 mol Giy-Gly : Glyla 5 : 4. Tng di lvong Gly-Gly va glyxin trong hBn hgp san phém a A. 43,20 gam. B.32.40gam. 6. 19,44gam. —_D. 28,80,gam cau 22 1D: 19909) B6t chay hoan toan amin don chute X bang O,, thu duge 1,12 IN, 8.98 lit CO, (céc khi éo 6 Bkte) va 8,1 gam H,0, Cong thc phan ti ca X la A.GHN. B.CH,N C.CHN D.G.HN (Cau 23 (ID: 19912) B6t chay hod toan hai amin no, don chute, ding Gang Kb tip cn 2,24 it ©, thu duge 1,12 It CO, (cée kh! dbu do 6 dibu kign teu chun) Céng thie cia hel amin la ‘A.C.H,NH,, C.H,NH, B.C.H.NH,, C,H,NH, ©. C\H.NH,, C\H,.NH,. D.CH.NH,, C,H.NH, (Cau 24 (ID: 31641) Phat biéu nao sau day sai? ‘A. Dung dich axit glutamic lam quy tim chuyén mau hg. BB. Amino axit & hop chét hu co tap chire . Dung dich glyxin Khong lam 46; mau phenolphtalein. D. Anilin tc dng véi nuéc brom tao than két tha mau vag. Cau 25 (ID: 31642) Cho cde chét CH,NH, (1), C,H,NH, (2), (CH,),NH (3), C,H,NH, (4), NH, (6). Thi ty tang din tinh bazo a A2,4,5.1,3, B.4,5,2,1,3. 6.2,5,1.4,3, D.4,2,5,1,3.2 7: Ea aati Cau 26 (ID: 19931) Cho 2,655 gam amin no, don chirc, mach hé X téc dung voi lrgng du dung dich HCI. Sau khi phan tng xay ra hoan toan, thu dug 4,8085 gam muéi. Céng thir pint cia X a A.GHN BOHN, ©.CHN, D.CHN, Cau 27 (ID: 19936) Cho 3,0 gam hdn hop X gdm metyiamin, trimetylamin phan img vira di: ‘vi dung dich cra 0,07 mol HCI, thu due m gam mui. Gi te oda ml A256. B. 3558. ©.5,555. D.4:728. ‘Cau 28 (ID: 19938) Cho m gam hén hop X gém axit glutamic va valin téc dung véi dung dich HCI dur, thu duoc (m+ 9,125) gam mubi. Mat khéc, cho m gam X téc dung v6 dung dich NaOH du, thu duoc (m-+ 7,7) gam musi. Biét cc phan mg xay ra hod toan. Gi ti cla m l= A.39,60 8.32.25. ©. 26.40. D.33,75. ‘Cau 29 (ID: 19940) Cho 19,4 gam hén hgp hai amin (no, don chirc, mach hé, ké tiép nhau trong day déng ding) tac dung hét véi dung dich HCI, thu durge 34 gam mu6i. CBng thre phan ti? cla hal amin la: A.CH.N Va CH,N. BOHN va G\HN. ©.CH.N va CHN. D.CH.NVaGHN, (C8u 90 (1D: 19944) Ldy 0,9 mol hin hyp X gdm I1.NC,H,(COOH), va H,NCH,COOH cho yao 400 ml dung dich HCI 1M thi thu duge dung dich Y. Cho Y téc dyng vira di véi 800 mi dung dich NaOH 1M thu duoc dung dich Z. Lam bay hot Z thu durge m gam chat rn khan, Gia tr cla m la: A619. B.288 6.52.2 0.55.2. (Cu 31 (ID: 19954) Chat x c6 cng thire phan ti C,H,0.N, khi cho X téc dung voi dung dich NaOH dun néng,thodt ra mt chat kh lam xanh quy tim 8m. Sé céng thie cu to phi hop VOIX le Aa B.2. ©.3, Dat. (Cau 32 (ID: 04454) Xia hexapepiltAla-Gly-Ale-Val-Giy-Val;Y la tetrapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Gl. Thiy phan m gam hn hep gm X va Y trong méi tuéng axit thu éuge 4 loel amino axit trong 66 6 80 gam glyxin va 28,48 gam alanin, Gi tr clia m la Rar, B.73.4 6.776. p.832, ap an 1-¢ [2-8 [3-¢ | 4-8[5-C | 6-A]7-D] 8-C] 9-8 |10-A 11-8 | 12-A|13-A | 14-8] 15-8 | 16-D | 17-G| 18-8 | 19-B| 20-8 21-D| 22-G] 23-D | 24-D| 25-C | 26-b | 27-c| 28-8 | 29-D| 30-A 31-A | 32-D ePhan 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM Bt, Mot ob kn nigm + Polime: la nhting hp chét 66 phan tir kh6i rtm do nib dom vi nh (goila mat -xich) lién két voi nhau. + Monome: fnhiing phn ti nhd, phan Ling tg0 nén polime + H8 sé n: [a hé sé polime héa hay 49 polime héa + Mat xich: la phan lp oi 8p lal trong phat polime Sr 2. Cach gol ton polime Tén polime = Poli * tén monome| ‘Chai ¥: Nu tén cia monome gdm 2 cum tir 1tré len thi tén 46 durge dat trong dau ngose on, Ss. Phan loai a, Dya vao nguén abc * Polime thién nhién: 06 sn trong ty nhién. + Polime nian tgo (ban ting hop): do ché ha tr poime ty nhién. POLIME NCH, = CH," {01 \ | [at Plime poime hoa Monome Vid CH, CH, poletlen (CGH) : patton I, Vi du: Bong, to tm. ‘Vi dy: To xenlulozo nguti ta tbng hop cao su lu héa dé lim bp xe Ngoai ra, tir xenlulozo ngudi ta obn téng hop ra to visco, to axetat+ Palime ting hop: do con ngudi tng hep Plime tring hop: duge t8ng hop bing Vi dy: poitilen,poifmety metacrya), phan ig tring hop. Polme tring nung: duoc tng hop Vi dy lon; to lapsan., bang phan tng tring ngung, », Dya vao cu trie + Mach khong phan nhénh Vid: amitozo, + Mech phan ahah Vi dy: amilopecti,icogen, + Mach mang khéng gian Vicdy: cao su lu héa, aha bake, Bi 4 Tinh chat vat It + Hu hét polime la chat rn, khong bay hoi, khong o6 nhiét 66 néng chay xa inh, da 86 polime knéng tan trong dung mdi thong thuéng. + Nniu polime ¢6 tinh do, mot s6 polime 66 tinh dan hai, mot 86 66 tinh da, bln, c6 thd kéo thanh soi. “B5. Dibu ché polime ‘Phan ting trang hop + Khai nigm: Trang hop 18 qué trinh két hop nhigu phan tir nhé (monome), ging nhau hay {wong ty nhau than phan te 16n (polime). + Bibu kign cn vé cdi tao monome: trong phan tir pha 6 lién kBt bot hoe vong kém ben 66 th8 m6. ». Phan ng trang ngung + hai nigm: Tring ngung Ia qué trinh K8t hop nhigu phn tir nhé (monome) thanh phan ti 16n (potime) dng thoi gidi phéng nhting phn tt nhé Khdc (nur H,O). + Bigu kign cdn v8 cdu tao monome: trong phan tr phai c6 it ht hai nihdm chi 6 kha ning phan tng, ®i vat lieu pe 2. Chat déo: la nhimng vat u polime aC Mot sé chat do thuéng gap: Polime Monome tgo than Navin gc | Cach t8ng hop| Potietien (PE) CH, =CH, nya t8ng hep | Trang hep [Potipropiten (PP) CH, =CH-CH, Nha t8ng hep | Tring hop Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC) |CH, =CH—Cl Nhya téng hep | Tring hop |Polsiren (PS) CH, =CH-C.H, Nowa t8ng hep | Tring hop Poti(mety acryat) cH, =cH-coock, | Nhyatinghgp | Tring hop Pare meseiad JOR =F COOH Toten | tang hop fefion,politetrafioetien) | CF, = CF, Nhya téng hop | Tring hop |PoiiphenoHomandehi) (PPF)| Nhya ting hop | Tring ngung + Nhya novolac + Nhya rezol + Nhya rezit hay bakelit + Bun néng hn hop liomandenit va phenol iby lou v6i xtc tac axt dupe riya novolac. * Bun néng ha hop phenol véi fomandehit theo tig mol 4: 1.2.06 pic ta kibm thu durge nna rezol + Ki dun néng chay lnhya rezol & nhigt a hon }150°C thu due nhwa rezit hay fa bakelt». To: la nhting va iu poli hinh soi da va man véi a ban mht inh. Bac aibm: ¥ + Gm nhong potime khong phan nhénh, sp xép song song. * Cac polime 46 phai ran, trong déi bén voi nhiét va cdc dung méi théng thutng; mém, dai, khong d6c va c6 kha naing nhuém mau. Poime Monome tao thann | Ngubn ge | ach ing ho Bong, fon, tt. Torthién mien | Tring noun axit e-aminocaproic_ To téng hop Te nion-6 HN-(CH,),-COOK | poamty —_—_| TN pana (To capron) To tng ROP caprolactam foley” |rang nop ; aituramnoenanioe [To Ong hop | Fe ilon-7 to onan |r) coon (pote) [TPO ROUNG Taman Hexametylendiamin fern 2 H.N-(CH,), — NH, To tong hop /Ddng (oatihexameyon- | ye cae ee : poiamit) [tring ngung adipamit)) HOOC~(CH,), -COOH it erephialc — HOOC-C,H,-COoH | To tinghop —_ fedng va etyen glcl (ooteste) | ring ngung HOCH, ~CH, -OH Ta nitro (oon) | Viny/xianua (ectionitiny | To Bag hop |, poliacrilonitrin CH, =CH-CN. (to vinylic) ree Te To torn to nda PVC etna Pio a (to vinylic) ro actat Téng hop ir xenioze | Tonhan tao vio TBog hop tir xeniuloza | Tornhan tao ho 7: To rilon-6,6 dai, ben, mém mai, éng mug, it thé ruse, gigt mau khé nung kém bén v6i nhit,axit va kid. — Diing 48 dét vai may mac, vai lot sim ldp xe, dét bit tét, ben lam day cp, day di, dan luéi, &Chil §: To nitron dai, ban voi nhigt va gic niet tét nén thyong duge ding 48 dét vai may quan 4o Am hoge bén thanh sqi “len” dan 40 rét . Cao su: la loai vat liéu polime oé tinh dn hei. + Cao su thién nhién ‘Nguén géo: Mii c@y cao su. Céu tao: la polime ca Isopren (er ur ony Tinh cht va ting dung: Cé tinh dan hi, khdng d&n din va ‘nhigt, khéng thém khi va nuéc, khong tan trong nuée, etanol, axeton,... nhung tan trong xang, benzen. * Cao su téng hop Polime Monome tao thanh Ngubn gée | C&ch éng hop cao su buna CH,=CH-CH=cH, | Cao suing hop | Tring hop Cao su buna-S Cao su ting hop. |Bdng tring hop ‘Cao su buna-N ‘Cao su tng hop | dng tring hop| Cao su isopren Cao su ting hop | Tring hop Phin 2 CC DANG BRI TAP “D Dang 1: Ly thuyét trong tam 41. Vidy min hoa ‘Vi dy 1: Qué tinh nhidu phan ti nhé (monome) K8t hep v6i nhau thanh phan ttn (poiime) go la phan ing ‘A nigt phan. B. héa hop. C.tring hep. —_D. tring ngung. Hung din ‘Trang hop la qua trinh két hp nhiGu phan tt nhé (monome), giéng nhau hay tuong ty ‘nhau thanh phan tt én (potime). + Chon , @Vi du 2: Phat bibu nao sau day la ding? A.To olon thude toting hop. B, To olon thuge to poliamit. . To olon thugc to nhan tao. D. To olon thuge to thién nh. Huéng dn Khi tién hanh phan Ung tring hyp vinyl xianua (thuéng goi [a acrilonitrin), thu duoc polime ding 48 san xuét to nitron(olon) theo phan Ging NCH, = CH= 50H, -CH Cg N cn/,, actilonitrin poliacrilonitrin To olon la to téng hop (to vinylic). —- Chon A, Vi dy 3: Thiy tinh hu co plexiglas la ogi chdt déo rét bn, trong suét, cé kha nang cho gan 90% anh séng truyén qua nén duge str dung lam kinh 6 t6, may bay, kinh xy ‘dyng, kinh bao hiém,... Polime ding a8 ché to thiy tinh hou co’ o6 tén gol la ‘A. poli(metyl metacryiat), B. poliacrilonitin. C. polietyien terephtalat). D. pol(hexametylen adipamil Hung dn Plime diing 48 ché tgo thay tinh hit co la pol(mety! metacryat) Phuong trinh phan img nh sau: cock, goock, romag tans fon.-B } H, cH, Chon Vi dy 4: Hop cht nao duéi day khéng thé tham gia phan tng tring hyp? A. Ait e-aminocaproic. B. Caprolactam, ©. Buta-1,3-don, D. Mety! metacrylat Huéng an ‘Bidu kign vé céu tao monome dé tham gia pha Ung tring hep la: trong phan ti phai ed lign két bot hog vong kém bén o6 thé més ra Vi ait e-aminocaproic khéng chira lién két rhode vong kém bén nén né Khong di id kign 48 tham gia phan img tring hop. Axite-aminocaproie 06 phan Ging tring ngung a8 tao thanh nilon-6: nH,N - [CH], - COOH —*+.4NH—[CH],-CO+, + nH,0 potent nn)Vi du 5: Nhya PP (poliproplen) duge ting hop ti A.CH,= CH, B. CH,= CH-CN. ©.CH,- CH= CH,, D.C,H,OH va HCHO. Hudng din Nhwa PP (polipropilen) durgc ting hop tir propilen: CH=CH, 25 7CH-CH, ae), H = Chon C, \Vidy 6: Polime nao sau day 66 cu tric mach phan nhisnh? A. Polieilen. B. Amilopectin. .Amilozo. D. Poliviny! clorua. Hudng dn Polime e6 cu trac mach khong phan nhanh: amilozo,.. Plime o6 cu trie mach phan nhanh: amilopectin va glicogen, Polime co céu trie mach Khong glan: nhya rezit (nya bakelit) va cau su leu 6a. = Chon B. 2. Bai tap tw luyén Cau 1 (1D: 05623) Sy k6t hop céc phan tir nhd (monome) thanh phan ti Ién (polime) déng {thd 06 loal ra cdc phan tty nhé (nh: nue, amoniac, hidro clorua,...) dug gol I ‘A. sir peptit hea B. sy polime hoa C. sy t8ng hop. D. sy tring ngung ‘Cau 2 (1D: 05626) Tén gol eda polime c6 cong thie {CH, ~ CH, ). 18 A. poliviny!clorua). B. polistilen C. politmety! metacrylt) D. polistizen Cau 3 (ID: 05627) Nllon-6,6 la mot loa Ato axetat B.to poliamit, —_C. polieste. D. to visco. (Cau 4 (ID: 05653) To nitron thus loai to: A. poliamit. B. poleste. ©. vinylic. D. thién nh. (Cau 5 (ID: 05654) Trong s6 cdc phat bidu sau, phat biéu khéng ding i: ‘A. To visco la to thién nién vi xudt xt tir sol xentulozo. B. To nilon-6,6 1a to ting hop, . To héa hoc gbm hai oat la to nhan tao va to téng hop. D. To tm [ato thién nin ri)Bot pila 6+ mon Hoa hoc ki thi THPT Oioe gi (Cau 6 (ID: 05671) Polime cé cu tric mang khong olan la: A. nhya bakelt. B.PVC. ©. PE, D. amilopectin. (Cau 7 (ID: 05674) Logi chat nao sau day khng phai la polime tng hop? A. Teflon B.Tocapron. —_C. To tam. D. To nilon, Cau 8 (1D: 05679) Nha phenolfomandehitdugc di ché bang cich dun néng phenol (du) 6% dung dich: ‘A.HCOOK trong mai tarémg anit B. CH,CHO trong méitruéng axit. ©. CH,COOH trong moi tryéng axit, ——_D. HCHO trong me rudng ax (C&u 9 (1D: 05685) To rilon-6.6 la san phém cia pan cng tring ngung gia: ‘A. HOOC - [CH,], - COOH va H.N - [CH,], - NH, B, HOOC — [CH,], ~ NH, va H,N~ [CH.], - COOH. ©, HOOC ~ [CH,], - COOH va H,N — [CH,], ~ NH,. 1D. HOOC - [CH,], - COOH va H.N - (CH, NH, (Cau 10 (ID: 05690) Phat biéu nao sau day khéng ding? ‘A. To la nhing vatligu polime hinh soi dai, ménh v6i 46 b&n nhét inh B. Cao su [a loai vat ligu polime c6 tinh dan hdi. CC. Vat ligu compozit la vat igu hn hop chi ¢é thanh phén chinh la polime. D. Chat déo 1a nhong vat ligu re 06 tinh déo. Cau 11 (1D: 05692) Phat biéu nao sau day khéng dting? A. Phan ing tring ngung khac voi phan tng tring hop. 8. Tring hop 2-metylbuta-13-dien drgc cao su buna CC. Cao su isopren ob thanh phan giéng cao su thién nin. . Nhurarezol du didu ché bang cch dun néng phenol vb fomandehit ly du, xc tae bazo. Cau 12 (1D: 05712) Polime {NH -[CH,], CO}. durge diéu ché nha loai phan tng nao sau aay? A. Trang hop. B. Tring ngung. ©. Cong hop. D. Tring hgp hode tring ngung, (Cau 13 (1D: 05768) Teflon la tén cia mot polime durge ding lam: ‘A. bB mat cho chéng din, B. to téng hop. . cao su ting hop. D. keo dan, pipin (4-0 [2-8] 9-8 | @C[ SA [A 7-0] (ep [eo [ioc [i1-8 fra [as-a J ®“BS Dang 2: XAc dinh cu tgo cia polime va diéu ché polime 1. Phuong phap oid Vi du: He 86 tring hep ota polstion la ‘bao nhiéu néu trung binh mt phan tty polime 6 kb trong kong 240000 vO? = 802107. A.8560. B.8571. C.8562. 0.9264, Maire Menon ‘Huong din Chai y:SOmétxich phaila sb y nhién, néu —_-Polietlen ob cng tha: {CH, ~CH,)s la sth phn pha lam ton. — Monome la CH, = CH, Moan Macra © Ghi nhé céng thet tinh higu sua 2. Vi dy minh nga, Vi dy 4: M6t polime X duge xa dinh cb phan ti kh6i la 39062,6 dvC v6i hé sé trang hop d& tao nén polime nay la 625. Polime X la A. polipropilen. B. polivinyl clorua). C. polation D. polistren. Huéng dan Ta 06: hé 6 polime héa = hé sé tring hop = + Myerome = 62,5 6VC —+ Monome la CH, Vay X la poliviny! clorua. CH - Cl (vinyl clorua) Chon B. Vi dy 2: Ti 3 kg propilen c6 thé dibu ché duoc bao nhiéu kg polipropilen? (biét higu ‘sudt phan ing dat 80%) A283. 8.2.68. €.2,40. .3,20. Huong on Phuong trinh héa hoc: ncH, =CH—E" 5 {oH, cH}. 1Henan XEtH = 100% — Marrain = Byan = 349 Do H = 80% — Maropig = 3.80% = 2,40 kg — Chon C. 3. Bai tap ty luyén Cau 1 (ID: 06038) Knéi long cia mot doan mach to nilon-6.6 la 27346 dvC va olla mot doan mach to’ capron la 17176 dvC. Sé luyng mat xich trong dogn mach rilon-6,6 va ‘apron néu trén ln lug la: A. 113 va 152 B.i21vatd, — C.121va1s2. D113 va 114. (Cau 2 (1D: 06041) Phan tt kndi trung binh cia polietilen X la 420000 dv. Hé s6 polime hoa cia PE 1a A. 12.000. B. 13 000. ©. 15.000. D. 17 000. Cau 3 (1D: 06045) Polime X cé phan tr kh6I la 336000 avC vai he sé tring hgp la 12000. Vay Xia: APE. B.PP, ©. Pvc. D. teflon. (Cau 4 (ID: 06047) Tinh s6 mat xich c6 trong dai phan tir xenlulozo’cila soi day c6 khéi lwgng 800000 ave? 31212, B. 26420, c. 39112. D.37123, ‘Cau 5 (ID: 06053) Cho biét phan tir knéi cia PVC la 400000 dvC. Héi cé bao nhiéu nguyén tir clo trong mét phan tir PVC? A500. B. 4500. ¢. 6400. D. 3550. C8u6 (1D: 06073) Mot oai cao su chtia 2% S. Hai ci? bao nhiu mat xich isopren thi é mot chu ni gisunfua -S-S-? 46 B. ot c.20 D.40, Cau 7 (ID: 06076) Tién hanh clo hoa poli(vinyl clorua) thu dye mét logi polime X ding dé Gidu ché to clorin. Trong X 06 chira 68,18% clo theo khéi lung. Vay trung binh cé bao niu mat xich PVC phan Ging durge v6i met phan tir clo? At B.2, 3. Da. (CBU 8 (1D: 06091) Tu 180 kg metyl metacryat 6 thé dibu ché bao niu kg thiy tinh hou co ¥6i higu subt 90942 A. 105 kg. B. 135 kg. C. 150 ka, D. 153 kg, Cau 9 (1D: 06093) Tring hop 5,6 It C,H, (Bite) néu higu subt phan Ging la 90% thi Khéi tuong polime thu duge la A.53 gam B.7,3 gam, 4,3 gam. D.6,3 gam. Cau 10 (1D: 06100) Tu 4 tn C,H, 06 chira 30% tap chat o6 thé dibu ché bao nhieu tén PE bit higu sudt phan ting a 90%? A255. 8.2.00 ©2382. D.3,60 pap'én (-c [2-0 | s-a| 48 [5-0] @Al 7-8] 8-8] e-0 | 10-0 ®wee BAI TAP TONG HOP cau 4 (ID; 05647) To visco tube lak A. to thin nhién cé nguén géc thyc vat. B. to’ ting hgp. C. to thién nhién o6 ngudn géc dong vat. D. to nhan tao. cau2 (ID: 05685) Pome no sau dy cd dang phan nha? A. Poli(vny! clorva). B. Amilopectin. ©. Polietilen D. Poli(mety! metacrylat). Cau 3 (ID: 05667) Chat nao sau day khéng [a polime? A.Tinh bot B. Thay tinh hou oo. ©. Isopren D. Xenlulozo triaxetat Cau 4 (ID: 05676) Polime nao du6i day duge ting hop ti phan tng tring hop? A.To tim. B.Tocapron. —_C. To visco. D. To nilon—6.6. (Cau 5 (ID: 05695) Nnya PS dugc diéu ché tir monome nao sau day? A.Axitmetacnylic, _B. Caprolactam. _C. Phenol D. Stren. ‘Cu 6 (ID: 05699) Khang dinh sau day ding hay sai? () Bu kigr JB mgt monome tham gia phn Gng tong hep a rong phan tr eda nd pha eo ign két 461 C=C hodic vong kém bén. (i) Tinh do va tinh dan hi hoa toan gidng nha ‘A Ling, Isa B.l,llabuding, C.1,"1ébusa,_D.1sal. Ih ding, Ccau 7 (1D: 05719) Day nao gbm céc chat duge ding a8 ting hap cao su buna-S? A.CH, =CH-C(CH,) =CH,: C,H, -CH=CH,. BCH, = CH-CH=CH,; C,H, ~CH=CH, H—CH = CH,; uu huynh, D. CH, = CH~CH=CH, CH, -CH=CH, Cau 8 (ID: 05738) Trong sb cdc to sgl sau day: (1) to tim, (2) soi béng, (3) len, (4) to nilon-6,6, (5) to axetat, logi to cé ngudn géc xenlulozo la: A423, 8.3.4.5 6.2.6. D.4.2 ‘Cu 9 (ID: 05740) Dya trén nguén géc thi trong cae polime sau day, polime nao thudec loa polime téng hp: (1) si béng, (2) len , (3) cao su buna, (4) to’ capron, (5) to xenlulozo” axetat, (6) to tm, (7) to’ visco, (8) poli(vinyl clorua), (9) nilon-6,6, (10) day? A. (1), (2), (7). (10) 8. (2) (2,4), () ©.) (4), @) D. (5), (6), (7.9) Cau 10 (ID: 05750) Cho cac polime: poli(vinyl clorua), xenlulozo, amilozo, amilopectin. Co bao nhiéu polime ob cl tric mach théng? Ad B.2 ca D4, &Cau 11 (ID: 05865) M6 ta Ung dung cia polime nao dudi day la khéng ding? ‘A. PE duge diing niu lam mang méng, vat iu din, B. PVC durgc ding lam vat ligu dién, éng dn nude, vai che mua. . Poilmety! metacrylat) Iam kinn may bay, 6 6, €8 dé dung, rang gd D. Nhya novolac ding d sn xuét & ding, vé may, dung cu dign. (Cau 12 (ID: 06043) Phan ti kn rung binh cia PVC ta 750000. H8 86 polime hod cia PVC la A. 12000 8. 13.000 ©. 15.000. D.17 000. Cu 13 (ID: 06050) Mét loai polietilen c6 phan tty khdi la 50000 dvC. Hé sé tring hop cia loai polietilen 46 xp xi con s6 nao? A920 B. 1230 ©. 1786 D. 1529, Cau 14 (ID: 06062) Hé sé tring hop cia logi polietilen cé khdi lueng phan tir ld 4984 GvC ‘va cla polisaccarit (C,H,,0,), cb khéi lyeng phan ti 162000 avC Ibn ut ‘A187 va 100, B. 278 va 1000, ©. 178 va 2000 D. 178 va 1000, ‘Cau 15 (ID: 06078) Clo hoa PVC thu due mét polime chtra 63,96% clo vé khéi lrgng, trung binh m6t phan ti clo phan weng véi n mat xich trong mach PVC. Gia tri clan la: a2 8.4. ©.5. D.3. cau 16 (1D: 06060) Trang hop hoan toan 12.5 gam vinyl clorua duge 2 gam PVC. Sé mat ich 66 rong z gam PVC la ‘A. 12.04.10, B.1,204.10", 6.60210". 0,1204.10". (Cau 17 (ID: 06097) Tir 13 kg axetilen cé thé diéu ché dugc bao nhiéu kg PVC (coi higu sudt 1a 100%)? A.62,50kg. B.91,25kg. —C.31,50kg.——_D.KEt qua khdc. (cau 18 (1D: 06110) Bé cibu ché cao su buna ngudi ta cé thé thy hign theo cae so dé bin hoa sau: C,H,0H— 2 + Buta-t,S-dien—"*"* 5 Cao su buna Tinh kh6i lung ancol etic cén ly d8 c6 thé dibu ché durge 54 gam cao au buna theo so” a en? A.92 gam. B. 230 gam. 115 gam D. 184 gam. ‘Cau 19 (ID: 31640) BE cibu ché cao su buna tir tinh b6t ngui ta tién hanh theo so dB sau: Tinh bgt + Glucozo’~» Ancol etylic - Buta-1,3-dion -» Cao su buna Tu 10 tén khoai chira 80% tinh b6t didu ché due bao nhiéu tén cao su buna? (H=60%) 3.1 tn, B. 2.0 tdn, 6.2.5 thn, D. 1,6 tén. Bap an (1-0 [2-8 | 9-c | 4-8] 5-D|6-A|7-8 | 8-0] 0- | 10-c] (ito [r2-a [3-0] 14-0 [15-0 [16-a] 17-8 | 10-8 | 10-0 } &BAl Ly THuvET TRONG TAM Phin 1 "1, C&c kign thar lién quan ‘a. Cch viét cu hinh electron nguyén tir Buse 1: Bién electron theo thir ty mize nding long Ms 22796 480 4p Ss Bude 2: Vid Iai cdu hinh electron theo thir tw lop: 18 28 2p 3s 9p 3c 4s 4p 55 yt: Thurémg vet cu hinh electron du6i {dang thu gon theo khihiém gain nhét. ¥ 2: MOt s6 trubng hop pha chuyén sang cu hinh bn hon: (0-1a'ns? — (n—Ahens (o—1}e'ns? + (n=1)s"%ns! b. Céich xéc dinh vi trf nguyén t6 trong bang tuan hoan Vit cu hinh electron va xée dint +0066 thirty =Z + Chu ki= 36 l6p electron (A Electron héa tr: nsinp = ST nhém =x+y + Electron ha ti: (n-1)é'ns* | STI hom =x+y @sx+ys7) =8(8sxtys10) Fy (= 10) + Nhom BAI CUONG KIM LOAI : KIM LOAI. DAY BIEN HOA CUA KIM LOAI Vi dy: Viét céu hinh e cia Fe (Z = 26) Bude 1: Fe ( 26 1822s*2p"3s"3p"4stse 6) be ‘Bude 2: Vit ai cbu hinh electron theo th wie P serasiaprastaptadtast + Cu hinh electron thu gon: [Ar}3d°4s% Vi dy: Viét cdu hinh e ota Cr (Z = 24) Bude 1: 18°2s*2p°3saph4se3c! Bute 2: [Ar|ad'4s! Vid: X&c dinh vi tr ca ,.Fe trong bang tuan hoan ede nguyén t6 héa hoe. ViFe (2 = 26): (Arig? nn Fe & vit: 0366 rN | chukiaBS 2 Vi ti, cu tao cla cae kim loai trong bang twain hoan a. Vit Cac nguyén t6 kim loai chiém cht yéu trong bang tuan hoan (gin 90 nguyén t). tral vit bang tuan hoan, dudi C6 kim foal: 14 nhém. nom: chi chira kim logi: 9 nhém. b. Cu tgo nguyen tir Nguyén tir oda hu hét cde nguyen 06 kim loai déu c6 It electron & Isp ngoai cing (1,2 ho8e 30). “Trong cing chu ki Zeta Zona Rast” Rent ©. Cu tao tinh thé © nhigt do thu’ng, hau hét kim foal & thé rén (tri thy ngan & thé léng). Tinh thd: + Luc phuong: Be, Mg, Zn,... ++ Lap phuong tam dign: Cu, Ag, Al. + Lap phuong tém kh: Li, Na, Ba, 4. Lign két kim loai La lién két duge hinh thanh gita céc Inguyén tir va ion kim loai trong mang tinh th do sy tham gia cla cdc electron ty do. ® a AVIA 8 nhém B WA, [8 nhom B ee =m eo enD_3. Tinh chat vat if cba kim loai Tinh chat vat chung Tinh déo Kim lai c6 tinh déo: 8 ren, dB dat ming vad8 kéo soi. Nguyén nn: vi cdc jon durong trong mang tinh thé kim loai cb thé ruot lan neu rma khng tich 6 nhau nhé nog electron ty do chuyén dong kat dinh ching vi nau. Tinh déo: Au > Ag>Al> Cu + Tinh din até ii at mot igu dién thé vo hal dau dy kim logi, ning electron chuyén dng tu do trong kim loal sé chuyn dong than dng o8 hung tr eye 8m abn ove dong, {0 thanh dong dig. @ mnhit 46 cao thi tinh d&n ign cia kim loai cng giém. Tinh d&n 6ign: Ag > Cu>Au>Al> Fe. + Tinh din ange Thuéng cdc kim logi dé dién tt cong din nh tt Tinh din nhigt: Ag > Cu> Au> AL... + Anh kim Hy hét kim logi o anh kim vi cc electron {y-do trong kim loai 6 kha ng phan xa hu hétnihting ta sng nhin thdy duge: “Tom lai: Tinh chat vat If chung ca kim logi gay nén béi sy o6 mat cla electron tyr do trong mang tinh th8 kim logi. b. Tinh chat vat If riéng Nndng kim loai Khae nhau c6 tinh chat vat khac nhaus Bere crea ace Biét 1. gam vang c6 thé kéo thanh soi dai 3 km, 18 vang c6 thé dat méng t6i 0.0001 mm va én séing truyén qua duge. Do & nhigt a cao cdc ion dong dao dong cang manh can tre ding chuyén dng cia cae electron ty do, Kim loai c6 anh kim ding lam trang sir, >+ Knilnong riéng: Lom nhdt: Os (22,6 gfom) CHF Syn egang® 5 EM? < do sy ip nh Hig (-38°C) (Coo nha W (410°C) iMém nh Os \camg ahd: Cr “G4. Tinh chét h6a hoe cia kim losl Kim fol tinh Kh: NP > M+ 9 ‘s (we dt: Li (0.5 glem?) + Nhigt a6 néng chay: “To ins a. Tée dung voi phi kim + Téc dung vi lo Ha nt kim loa duc th kn tr tibp Glo tgo ra mudi clorua (kim loal co $6 oxi hoa cao nhat. ++ Tac dung voi oxi Hat kim fai rir Au, Aa, Pt au cb ths Kis rye tip ox tg ra. ot. + Tée dung voi tau hush [Nhu kim li Khir ge ru hun tgo ra rmu6i sun, b. Téc dung v6i dung dich axit + Voi dung dich HCI, H,SO, long Kim ogi tude H trong day hoat dong héa hos pa Ging dugc vi on H" gi phéng ki C&ch vidt phurong trinh ion rat gon ube 1: Lap PTHH dang phan ti. Bute 2: Phan li cc cht ign li manh Bute 3: Lure bd céc ion khéng tham gia phan ng, ® 8 Kim Jogi nhe nt, 6 thé ni trong du ha, ee we sae long & abu kign thuéng Vidu: Fo Fe™ +36 t (Chit Khir (chat bj oxi héa) ‘Vi dy: Day s8t chay trong kh clo 2Fe + 301," 42Fecl, Vi dy: Mg chay séing trong khéng khi 2Mg + 0,—">2Mgo Vid: Fe+S—* >Fes Hg +S—+ HgS asus cm) = Ding lu huynh a6 thu hi thuy ngan. Vi dy: Kim loai sét 06 kha nang phan {ing véi axit HCI sinh ra kht H,. Bute 1: Fe+2HCI—> FeCl, +H, t Buve 2: Fes 2H! + 26h > Fe™ +20 +H, Bubc 3: Fe-+2H" -> Fe +H,t* Véi dung dich HINO, H,SO, dc Hu hét kim Joel (tr Au, Pt) déu phan Gng voi HNO,, H,SO, dc. chu y 12 Al,Fe, Crkhong phan ing véi HNO, Bc ngugi va H.SO, dBc ngudi (bi thu dong ay, 2:88 vibt phuwong trnh ta cdn abe: ‘Quy the xéc dinh sb ox hoa: Quy tde 1: $6 oxi héa ota cae nguyen t6 trong cde don chat bang khéng. Quy téc 2: Trong mét phan ti, ting 86 oxi hiéa cia cde nguyén té bang 0. Quy tic 3: $6 oxi héa ctia cdc fon don ‘nguyen tir bing digntich eda ion a. Trong ion da nguyén ti, tang s6 oxi nda cha cée nguyen t6 bang dign tic oda ion. Quy te 4: Trong hau nét céc hop chét, 86 oxi héa cla H bang +1, ter mot s6 trudng hop nw hidrua kim osi (NaH, Cal.) $8 cox hda cia O bang -2 tir trrdmg hop OF peoxt (chang hen H,0,,..) (Cach can bang phan ing ox! ha - Khir theo phuong phap thang bang electron’ Bude 1: Xac dinh s6 oxi hod ciia nhing guyén t6 thay di sé oxi hoa. ‘Buée 2: Vidt qua trinh oxi hod va qua tinh ki, cn bang mi qua trinh. Bude 3: Tim h@ s6 thich hop sao cho ting 86 e cho bang ting sé e nhén, Bude 4: B3th@ sé cia chét oxi hoa va chat khir vao so” 48 phan ting va kim tra lai Fe AHO," >FRINO,), +NO+H,O Cus 4HNO,,. —* +Cu{NO,), +2NO, +24,0 2A1+6H,S, a —!-2Al,(S0,), +380, +6H,0 Vi du: Xée anh 6 oxi héa cia N trong a. dom chat nto N, ». hop chét NO, NOy:x# (2)2=0-+x= 44 «, onNO; (NO,y:x+ (2)2 x43 4. hop chét HNO, Aid t+x+ ¢a.a20one5 Vi dy: Can bang phuong trinh: CUSHNO, jap, —£ 2 CUND,), #NO+H,O Buc 1 : Gs HNO, sug * 28uNO,), 4104140 fd02 +3 3x|Cu— Cu +2e al W430 9N Bute 4 30+ BNO, yz 9CUND), + 2N0 = 44,0 ®Lema ane ee alia 6. Téc dung véi nude + Onhi6t a tnueng Kim toa o6 tinh KhiF man (nhm 1A, A tr Be, Mg) phan ting v6i H,0. + Onhiet 49 c20 iim log o6 tinh kr yu hon (Mg, F Zh.) phan Ging v6i HO. Kim loal 06 tinh khir rt yéu (Ag, Au...) kkhéng phan ing véi H.0 8 & nhiet 66 thuong va nhigt d6 cao. 4, Tae dung vei musi Kim logi menh hon c thé kite 6uge ion ‘ia kim loai yéu hon trong dung eich musi than kim loai ty do. dy: V6l ede kim loal manh (te dung duge H,0 & nhigt a9 hung) thi xay ra ‘qua 2 gai doan: Gial doan 1: Kim lai tac dung v6i née {a0 ra dung dich kiém va hidro, Giai doan 2: Dung dich kiém tac. dung voi dung dich mubi (ndu thda man albu ign xay ra), 5. Day aien nba cia kim logi 2. Cap oxi hoa - Khir ca kim log Dang oxi héa va dang kh cia cing met 'nguyén t kim loal tao nén cp oxi héa - kr cla kim loa Ki higu cp oxi ha - Khir t8ng quat: ie wn nose Me a M Chi y: Dang oxi héa va dang Khir phai ccang cia mot nguyén t6 kim log ® ‘Vi du: 2Na+2H,0 > 2NaOH +H, Ca+2H,0 Ca(OH), +H, Vi dy:3Fe+ 44,0 —*2"° 40,0, 4H, Fo+H,0 —"° 5Fe0+ H, Vi dy: Nhang dinh stp vio dung dich mudi uso, | Fe+GuS0, +F0S0,+Cu Hign twong: o6 lép déng mau d8 bam vao dinh sat. = ‘Vi du: Cho Na vao Iugng dir dung dich CuCl, phan ung xay ra theo thir ty sau: 2Na+2H,0 > 2NaOH+H, T “ 2NaOH + CuCl, +CufOH), 1 +2Nac! (2) 2Na+2H,0+ CuCl, > CuOH), +2NaCl+H, Vidu: Cu? +20-> Cu { Dang oxi héa Dang khir > Cap oxi héa - khtr: ib. Day dign héa cia kim loei Céc cp oxi héa - khir duge sép xép thanh day dign ha ca kim loal Tint oxi hda cia ion kim los ting & Lit. K* Ca” Na® Mg” AI’. Zn? Fe® Ni Sn? Pb? 2H" Cu Fé UK’ Ca ‘Na’ Mg’ Al’ Zn’ Fe ‘Sn “Tint khiy cba kim log gidm c. ¥ nghia cla day dién héa kim loai * So sdnh tinh oxi héa - khir Theo chidu E* ting + Tinh oxi héa cla fon kim loa tng dan, + Tinh khir clia kim loai giém dan. + Dyr-doan chiéu phan tng Phan Ung cia cap oxi héa - Khir duoc xae dinh theo quy téc a (anpha): chat oxi hhéa manh hon téc dung vai chat khiy manh hon df sinh ra chdt oxi hoa va chét khir yu hon ma khong xay ra theo chiéu nguge la Phin — GAC OANG BAI TAP SB Dang 1: Vit Kim lal 4. Phuong phap gia + Xée din vj ti kim i electron: ++ Xac dinh 6 electron di8n them = ign tch ion. + Bin electron theo thir ty mite ning luong, + Xo anh vj tr kim log: 0, chu kl, nh, ‘+ Nhé “cai nha eta kim loai: img nhat (Cr), ado nhdt (Au). codu to va tinh chat ir cu hinh ‘+ Ndm che tinh cht héa hoc cia kim loal. Vi dy: Sp xép cde ion: Fe; APY; Cu; Fe Zn theo thr ty tng dn tinh oxi ha? Hung dan Tinh oxi héa tang dan theo chigu E° tang nn ta 66: AP; Zn; Fe; Cu; Fe Vi dy: Phan tmg gitra 2 cap Fe*/Fe va CuCu xy ra theo chidu nao? Hyena din Quy téca: (Fe “Fe cu cu + Fe > Fe + cu crtosnan ck aatiin ot meme Vi dy: Cation M06 cu hinh electron 15'28'2p'3s"3p"3d*. X4c dinh vi ti ca M? A.0 24, chu ki 4, nhém IIA, B. 025, chu ki 3, nhém VIIA, ©..025, chu ki 4, nhém VIB. D.026, chu ki 4, nhém VB. Huéng dn + $6 electron c&n didn thém: 26 + Bin electron vao phan lop 4s trude phan lop 34: 1s*2s*2p"astapradhés! + Xe dinh vi ti Ms 0x6 Chu ki 4 Nom VIB2. Vid minh hoa Vidy 1: Cho X (Z = 24), ¥ (2 = 26). x, Y* 06 cu hinh electron lan gt I: A. [Ne}Sd, [NeJ3d%4s2, B. [Ar]3¢", Ar|3a"4s* . [Ne}Be, [Ne}Bet. D. [Are [Ar3o" Huong dn 'Bé viét cu hinh electron cia cation, ta bét electron tir lop ngoai cing cia nguyén tir. (Chu hinh electron cia X (2 = 28) [ArfP4s" —» X [ANC Cu hinh electron ciia Y (Z = 26): [Ar]3d%4s? — Y**: [Ar]3d°. = Chon D. Vi dy 2: So sénh v6i nguyén ti phi kim cing chu Kl, nguyén ti kim los: [A thung 0 s6 electron & 16p ngoai cing nhidu hon, B. thuong d ban kinh eta nguyen ti nhd hen. C. thudng ¢6 nang lvgng ion héa nhd hon, D. thutng dé nhén electron trong phan ting héa hoc. Huéng dn ‘So v6i nguyén ti pi kim cing chu ki thi nguyén t kim lo Cé sé electron lbp ngoai cing Ithon —~ A sai 6 ban kinh ln hon — B s “Thuong 6 nang lzong ion héa (nang lxgng cn thiét 48 tach 1 electron Kn nguyen ti) ‘hé hon — C ating D8 nhuéng electron trong phan ting héa hoc + D sai. = Chen c. \Vidy 3: Kim loai o6 cae tinh chat vat ly chung ta: ‘A. tinh déo, tinh dn éign, tinh dn nhigt, anh kim, BB. tinh dn dién, tinh d&n nhigt, nh kim, tinh dan hi . tinh déo, tinh dn dign, tinh khé néng chay, &nh kim, D. tinh déo, tinh dn dién, tinh d&n nhigt, tinh cing, Huong dain Kim loai o6 tinh chat héa hoc chung: tinh déo, tinh d&n dién, tinh d&n nhigt, anh kim. = Chon A. \Vi dy 4: Kim loal o6 kha nang dn ign tt nhdt va kim loai mm nhdt 8: ‘A. Cuva Na B. Cuva Li ©. Ag vas, D.AuvaNa. ®Huéng dn Kim logi c6 kha nding dln dign tt nt la bac (Ag). Kim logi mém nhat la xesi (Cs). —+Chgn C. Vi dy 5: Cho day kim loai: Na, Cu, Al, Ba, K, Be. Sé kim lai tic dung voi nue 6 nhigt 6 thurong la AL Ba, o.2. D3. Huéng dn ‘Kim foai kha ning phan tng v6i nus & nist dd thutng la cc kim lal: Na, Ba, K 2Na + 2H,0 + 2NaOH + H, Ba + 2H,0 ~- Ba(OH), +H, 2K + 2H,0 + 2KOH +H, ~ Chon D. 8. Bal tap ty yen (Cau 1 (1D: 30745) Cu hinh electron nao sau day khéng phai la cla nguyén t6 nhom 8? A. 15'25t2p"3S°Gp'Sd%4s"4p" B, 15°2s'2p"9sapkadrds* ©. 18'25!2p"35°9p"3a'4s', D. 18°25t2p'3s°3ph30%4s" (Cau 2 (1D: 90752) lon WE 6 cu hin phan lop cubi la 3c.Trong bang tuan hon, M thude: ‘A. chu ki 4, nhém VIIA B. chu ki, nhém VINA, ©. chuki3, nhém VIB. D. chu ki 4, nhém VIB. (cau 3 (ID: 30754) Cho dy cc kim log: Na, Ca, Cr, Zn. $6 kim loa trong dy tc dung v6i H,0 tao thanh dung dich bazo la: At B.S. 6.2 D4. (Cau 4 (1D: 00985) Lidn kt kim loa a in kat: ‘A. duge hinh than do luc hat tinh dign git ion dong va ion &m. BB. dugc hinh thanh nha cdc cap electron githa cc nguyén ti. . duge inh thann gid cdc nguyén th va ion kim logi trong mang tinh thé do sy tham ia ca cac electron ty do. . due sinh ra do sy nhuréng cap electron chura lin k&t cla nguyén tir my cho nguyén tir ka 48 hinh than ign kt Cau 5 (ID: 30755) Khi nhigt ting tinh dn dign cia kim loei 86 thay 48i theo chibu: A. tang, B. gidm. ‘C.khong di, khong xdc in, ®Se ea Crater oeaagt pectic ‘Cu 6 (ID: 00995) Tinh chat vat Ii nao duéi day cua kim loai khéng phai do cdc electron ty 0 gay ra? AA Tinh dn ign va dn nit. B. Tinh do. ©. Tinh cing D. Anh kim, (cau7 (ID: 30756) Day so san tinh chét vat ela kim log! ndo dud day l& khéng ding? A. Nhiét 4} néng chay: Hg < Al < W. B. Tinh d&n dién va nhiét: Fe < Al < Au < Cu < Ag. . Tinh cing: Cs < Fe 2Fe™ +201 (2) 2Fe™ +Cu-> 2Fe* + Cu" (3) ©. AKNO,), D. Mg(NO,),. Day cac chat va ion nao sau day duge xép theo chidu gidm dan tinh oxi h6a? A. Cu >Fe* > Cl, >Fe™ ©. Cl,> Cu” > Fe > Fe" B. Cl,> Fe" >Cu > Fo D. Fe >Cl,> Cu > Fe*. @& >ESTA lent LUAU Ae Oto 8 ‘Cau 6 (ID: 30763) Phurong trinh héa hoc nao sau day la sai? A. Fe+ CuSO, > FeSO, +Cu, B. Zn+2AgNO, - Zn(NO,), +2Ag. C. Cu+H,SO, + CuSO, +H,. D. FeCl, +3AgNO, — Fe(NO, ), +3AgCL Cau 7 (ID: 30764) Cho It Bot sét vao dung dich chira lugng du cdc chat: AGNO,, FeCl, HCI, Na,SO,, HNO,, CuSO, ZnCl, PB(NO,),, NH,NO,, $6 truéng hop phan img tao mudi Fe(llia AB B.4, 5. D6. (Cau 8 (1D: 30765) Cho hén hop gdm 3 kim logi: Fe, Cu va Ag. Bé téch nhanh Ag ra kh’ hidn hop ma khéng lam thay 48i kh6i lrgrg 06 thé dng dung dich A.AQNO,, B.FeCl, €.HNO,, D.CUNO,), pap an (1A [2-0] 8-8] 4-8 [5-8] 6-6 [7-8] 8-8) “B_ Dang 3: Kim ogi tac dyng vei phi kim 1. Phuong phap gia + Nm 16 6igu kign phan Ging va sn phim: VI dy: Bt chy hoan ton 26,1 gam hn (0, -» oxi hop Mg va Al trong khi oxi (du) thu duge Kim loai +} Cl, -» mudi halogenua 45,3 gam hén hop oxit. Thé tich kh oxi [S— mui sunfua (4ktc) da tham gia phn tng fa A172 I B. 13,44 lt Chi je Fe—24F0,0,—9°Fe,0, 6. 11,201. D. 8,96 lit. + Ap dung phuong phap gidi nhanh: bao Hung dn {oan electron, bio toan khéi wong, ‘So 4b phan na: + Nam duge céch lap phuong rin va gia MgO cniga 0, espn he phurong trinh Bao todn khbi ugg ta ob Mo, = Moet — Mim ow ng, 58-251 96 mol Vo, =0,8.22,4=19,44 lit, + Chon B. 2. Vidy minh hoa Vi du 1: Bét chéy hoan toan 11 gam hén hop Fe va A trong khi clo (du) thu dupe 42,95 gam hin hp mubi. Tha tich kni clo (Akte) 4 tham gia phn Ung Ia ‘A. 10,08 lit. B. 7,84 It ©. 14,20 D. 8,96 I. &Hudng dén Fool ‘So 4d phan tng: 11 gam {ee cl, —£942,95 oan 7 AIC, \Vidy 2: Oxi héa hoan toan m gam kim loai M béi ox thu durge 1,25m gam oxi, Kim loai M la: AFe. BAL ©.2n, D.Cu. Huéng din 840 todn kh luong:n, ‘Qua trinh nhudng nhan electron: MoM +ne mn 42.1 mot M Bao toan electron: ©. M Vay kim loai M la Cu, = Chon D. \Vi dy 3: Cho 1,1 gam hén hop bot Al va Fe tc dung 0 v6 1,28 gam bot S. Tinh khéi |ugng ciia méi kim loai trong hn hop dau? ‘8.0.56 gam Alva 0,54 gam Fe. 8.0.27 gam Alva 1,12 gam Fo. ©.0.27 gam Alva 0,83 gam Fo. 1. 0,54 gam Al va 0,56 gam Fe. Hung din Goi s6 mol cia Al, Fe trong hén hyp lan lugt la x, y mol —+ 27x + 66y = 1,1 gam (") 2A1+38—" ALS, (1) x 15x mol FerS—4Fes (2) yoy mol 428 i hoo 2 phuong tinh ta c6:n, = 15x+y=42°-0.04 mol") 0.02 _, {my =0,02.27 =0,54 gam 3,01” |r, = 0.01.6 = 0,56 gam 2TK+58y=11_ [ 15x+y=0.04 THO cyece:{ — Chon D,Vi dy 4: Cho V lithén hop khi Cl, va O, (Gktc) téc dung vira dt v6i hn hop chita 54 gam Al va 2,4.gam Mg, thu duce 25,2.gam san phim rén. Gi ti ciia V la: foe eee eee Huéng dan ‘Al :0,2 mol {Cl, AICI, :Al,O, ‘So 4} phan +172 ee prin on etal “on fugeaeno} Bao toan kh6i wong ta 06: ma, +m, =25,2-5,4~2.4=17,4 gam Goi 6 mot CO, trong hn hop Kh in hugt lax, y mol) — 74x + 32y = 17.4 (*) Qua trinh nhudng - nhan electron: AAI? + 30 Cl, +20 2c 02 +08 mot | x+2x mol Mg — Mg’ +26 0, + 4e +20" 01 +02 mol | y—4y mol Bao toan electron: 2x + dy = 0,8 ("*) [70+ 32y=17.4 Tur) va (ta. 69 phon tn Te og > Vg = Vo, 4 Vo, = 22,4(0.2+0,1)= 6,72 It = Chon 3. Bai tap ty luyén (Cau 1 (ID: 30773) Phuong tinh héa hoc nao sau day Khong ding? A. 3Fe+20,—!sFe,0, 8. FeCl, © sFeCl,. C. 2Al+3Cl,—"-+2IC1,. D. Hg+S—+HgS. ‘Cau 2 (1D: 02486) Bét chay hodn toan 17,4 gam hn hop Mg va Al trong khi oxi (du) thu mui + H,0 toan voi ox thu duoc hn hop Y gbm cdc hay: 2H'+0* >H,0 oxit e6 kh6i Iugng 4,56 gam. Thé tich dung dich HCI 2M vira aii 48 phan ong bt voi Y la ‘A.50 ml, B.57mL C.75mL D.90m. Huéng dn = 458-312 _ 6: ng,= $5812 — 0,045 mol ny. =2ng,=0,09 mol ‘Ta co: OxitY + Ht — Mudi +H, + Céng thie: [r- = 2 = 2h.= 048 mol Mot cach tng quat = Yoo 248 -0.09 it = 90 mt [Be = 2s * 2x + Chon D. 2.4 dy min nga Vi dy 1 Cho 2,42 gam hn hep X gbm Mg, Al, Cu va Fe & dang bot tac dung hoan toan ‘i oxi thu duge hn hop Y am cae oxit 06 khbi vong 3,7 gam. Tha tich dung dich hn hop HCI 1M va H,SO, 2M via dU a8 phan ting hét vot Y la: A16 ml B. 30 ml 48 mi. D. 32m Huéng dn =0,04 mol ng. =2.0,04 =0,08 mol 16 mol Gl thé tich dung éich hn hop HCI 1M va H,SO, 2M la Vit, ta 06: ye “hes + 2Pg0, 29 O18=V + 2.2V-> V= 0,082 It = 32 ml + Chon D. Vi dy 2: Hoa tan hét 7,74 gam hn hyp bot Mg va Al bing 500 mi dung dich hn hop HCI1M va H,S0, 0,28M thu duxoc dung dich X va 8,736 It khi H, (Aktc). C6 can dung dich X thu duge lgng mu6i khan a ‘A. 38,93 gam. B.77,86 gam. C. 103,85 gam. _D.25,95 gam. Ta 06: they 5 Mol, Myso,a (DosR tae Ta théyeny, =2n, =0,78 mol —Axit phan tong vira ai voi 7,74 gam hn hop kim lel Viv¥: Ms =Mnay + Mes Mga, = 7,74 + 0,6:35;5 + 0.14.96 = 98.93 gam = Chon A. ‘Vid 3: Cho 1.8 gam kim loa X tac dung v6i dung dich H,$0, long du thu dpe dung dich mu6i trong a kim loai c6 hoa tI va 1,68 lit H, (Akt). Kim lal X la: Au B.zZn C.F, DM ‘Huéng dan Téng quat: X+H,S0, + XS, +H, 1906: ngeny= $52 0075 m+ M, 24 Chen D, 3. Bai tap ty yen ‘Cau 1 (1D: 02526) Hoa tan hoan to’n 18,4 gam hén hgp Mg va Za trong dung dich HCI dur thay 06 6,72 lit khi thoat ra (& dktc) va dung dich X. Cd can dung dich X duc bao nhiéu gam mu6i khan? ‘8.2605, 8.26.35. ©. 36,70. 0.37.30. (Cu 2 (1D: 02533) Cho 1,87 gam h8n hop abm hai kim loai & hal chu ki ién tiép thude nh6m IIA tac dung hét véi dung dich HCI (du), thoat ra 0,672 lit khi Ho (8 dktc). Hai kim Foal a ‘A.Be va Mg, B.MgvaCa, —6.SrvaBa, D.Cava sr Cau 3 (1D: 02552) Cho 1,4 gam kim loa X tée dung voi dung dich HCI du thu drge dung ‘ich mu6i trong dé kim loai cd s6 oxi héa +2 va 0,56 lt Hs (Akt). Kim loa Xia A.Ma B.Zn, C.Fe. D.Ni Cau 4 (ID: 30806) Cho 1,5 gam hén hgp Al va Mg phan ng hét voi dung dich HCI du thu dug 1,68 lit khi Ha (dktc). Khdi long cla Mg trong X la: ‘A.0,60 gam. B.0,90gam. _€.0,42gam. 0,48 gam. ‘Cau 5 (ID: 30807) Nung 53,4 gam hdn hop gdm Fe va Cu ngoai khéng khi thu duge 72,6 gam Y gdm CuO, FeO, Fez0s va FesO,. Thé tich dung dich hén hyp HCl 2M va H2SO. 1M can ding ti thibu 48 hoa tan hétY as ‘A500 ml 600 mi ©. 700 mi 800 mi. Cau 6 (1D: 02613) Ha tan hoan toan hén hop X gdm Fe va Mg bing mot lnong via di ‘dung dich HC! 20%, thu duge dung dich Y. N@ng 66 cia FeCl, trong dung dich ¥ la 15,76%. Nbng 46 phn tram cia MgClz trong dung dich ¥ la: A 2424%, B. 11,79%. ©. 28.21% D. 18.76%, 2-0 [8-6] sa] S-8] o-8) bap an ( ®5a Beto yA ELE “Bong 5: Kim lal téc dung vi ax H, SO, df, HNO, rong php gi ee a ‘Mudl (kim loa cd 8 oxi héa cao ah) [HS ae . , «rig ames — [Sein eras, py [HNOs H,0 * Xée ¢inh sén phd khik f Kinioaimanh Kinja trang binh -yBu ‘SO, dc néngl_S1. 80,1. H,St SO, loang | NHNNO,,N.t.N,0r,Not [NOt HNO, Vac NO,t Chi §: Fe, Al, rb thy dong véi HNO, dc, ngubi va H,SO, dBc, nguei + Phuong php + Sih dung bao tan electron két hap bao toan khdilugng, bao toan nguyén 6... ++ Nu mét bai toan ¢6 nhiGu qué trinh oxi ha Kh, ching ta chi cdn a8 ¥ a8 sé oxi nba cia nguyén té dé du va cudi qua trinh —» Siy dung bao toan e cho ca qua trinh. * Voi H,SO, dc (néng) 'SO,: khi mui hc. San phdm kh: |S : chat rin mau vang HS: ki mai tring thi. Tinh KG! kM MUBE Pa gmp SEEM Mh HM Tinh s6 mol ait Myon, = ‘st congas) * M50, +Ms +Mys n 4 hay: Ayo, = A hg, +e Hye = Ngo, +AN + Ss * Voi HINO, . 'NO,: Kini mau nau 6. INO: khi Khong mau, héa nau trong khong kh. ‘San phim khih: {N,O: khi khOng mau, g8y cUdi. Nj khi Khong mau, nhe hon khong kh. INH.NO, mudi tan, Tinh khdi txgng mubi: Mesinnn sim) =a = Pao, +30 + Bo + 40M, + BM Fads = Panes + hora matin * Mure, = Minas +82 rot +The,Tinh s6 mol axt: Ng, Yan ab) *Pho, +Phig +29 + 2M, + 2a, ton NO; trong mdi trubng ait c6 cd tinh ox! hba nhu HNO, fodng. Vi dy: 3Cu+8H" +2NO; > 8Cu* + 2NOs 4H,0 2. Vidu minh hoa ‘Vi du 4: Cho 3,9 gam hn hop Al, Mg phan imng vira hét v6i dung dich HNO, do, ‘néng. Sau phén Gg thu dugc 8,96 It khi mau nau 6 (Akt) va dung dich X. CO can dung dich X thu étage m gam mubi. Gi tr cia ma ADA. 8.378, ©.287. Hung dn 783. Ki mau nau 46 [a NO,, Cérn, =Mho, = 228 0,4 mol Wwoengmaty "ho, 9 4 =O Manat * hogy trum el 89 + 0.4.62 = 28,7 gam. My Chon C. ‘Vi dy 2: Cho m gam Fe téc dung hoan toan v6i dung dich H,SO, dac néng, dy thu duge 6,72 It ki SO, (& akc). Gia tr cda m la: A 11,20. B.1,12. . 16,80, D. 1,68, Huong din Pao, = Fog 703 mol ‘Qué trinh nhu’ng - nhain electron: Fe>Fe +36 S*+2048" x 43x mol 0,.6— 0,3 mol Bo fotn electron: x = 0,6 + x= 0,2 Vay khéi long cia Fe la: m = 0,2.56 = 11,2 gam. Chon A Vi dy 3: Hoa tan 9,6 gam kim log R bang axit H,SO, dc, néng (du), sinh ra 3,96 It ki SO, (on phim khirduy nt, & kc). Kim log RI: Ag B. Zn. C.Fe. D.cu Huong dn PTHH: 2R + 2nH,SO, ,, —°-R,(SO,), + nSO, + 2nH,0 ®Theo phuong thin: n ‘Vay kim logi R la Cu. = Chon D, \Vi dy 4: Hoa tan hoan toan 12 gam hén hgp X gm Fe, Cu bang dung dich HNO, dur, k&t thi thi nghigm thu duge 6,72 lit (aktc) hin hop B gdm NO va NO, o6 ti kh6i so vi H, 1a 20,33 va dung dich thu éurge khong chira NH,NO,. Kh6i rong mu6initrat sinh ra a: ‘A. 43,0 gam. B.340gam. 6.3.4 gam 4,3 gam. Huéng din oa + Po, =y mol Tinh khéi lwong mui: Pac ay Tho * Ro, =3.0,140,2= 0,5 mol resin aati a = Chon A. Wwo;(rra md inna = 12+62.0,5 = 43 gam. ‘Vi dy 5: 88 6,72 gam phoi bao sat ngoai khOng khf, sau m6t théi gian thu duge 7,68 gamhén hep Agim Fe, FeO, Fe,0,,Fe,0,, Héa tan hoan toan hén hop A trong dung dich H,SO, dc néng, du thu dugc V lit khi SO, (dktc). Tinh s6 mol H,SO, tham gia phan ting? ‘A.0,18 mo B. 0,36 mol €..0,15 mol . 0,30 mo Huéng din 2180, So 6b: Fe—2+A{Fe,Fe0,Fe,0,Fe,0,) sit» P6260 \so, t Tec, = 8720.20 = {Qué trinh nhu’ng - nhén electron Fe->Fe® +30 0, +4¢-»207 0.12 +0,36mol | 0,030.12 mol S*+2e38* 2x—x mol Bao todn electron: 0,36 = 0,12 + 2x +x = 0,12 B40 todn nguyen 18 Sho, + Chon D.a Goss: suas sa Cn Uno 9. Bai tp ty luyeén ‘Cau 1 (ID: 20845) Cho 6,68 gam hn hgp X aBm Cu va Ag tée dng hoan toan véi dung dich HINO,, sau phan img thu éurge 0,672 lit NO (sn phm kh duy nhdt,& akc) va dung dich Y. Kndi vong mudi tan trong dung dich la ‘A.8.54 gam. B.12.26 gam. €.12,80gam.—_—D. 12.35 gam. ‘Cau 2 (ID: 20832) Cho m gam Al phan tng hodn toan v6i dung dich HNO, long (du), thu ug 4.48 It khi NO (aktc, sn phdm khir duy nha), Gi tr ca m la A405. B.8,10 6.270. D.5,40 (Cau 3 (1D: 20844) Cho 3,38 gam hn hop Cu, Mg va Al tic dung hét voi dung dich HNO, thu duge hén hop khi gém 0,01 mol N,O va 0,02 mol NO (khéng cn sn phém khir no kind). Khdi lxgmg mu6i tao ra trong dung dich sau phan tng ‘A525 gam B.9.58gam. €. 12,07 gam. —_D. 5,87 gam. (Cau 4 (1D: 20847) Cho 8,37 gam hn hop Fe, Cu, Al téc dung hoan toan véi axit H,S0, 48, rnéng du duge 0,2 mol SO, (san phdm khir duy nhat). Kh6ilnong mui tao thanh la 27,57 gam. B.2i,17 gam. C.46,77 gam. —_D. 11,57 gam. (Cau 5 (1D: 30818) Cho m gam Cu tan trong HNO, sau phan tg thay €6 4,8 gam chét rn khong tan va 11,2 (Akt) hBn agp khi NO va NO, c6 i kh6i so v6 ox 1,0825. Gié tr cla mit: A208, 5.240, c.av0 D448. (Cu 6 (ID: 30819) Hoa tan hoa tozn 19,5.gam mot kim logi M trong dung dich HNO, ta thu urge 4,48 lt NO (Aktc). Kim lol M la A.Cu. B.Fe. CAL D.2Zn. C8u7 (ID: 30820) Cho m gam hn hop gdm Fe, Al vi Cu téc dung v6i dung dich H,S0, d8c néng, du thu éurge 3,36 lit khi SO, (Ako) va dung dich Y chia 22,8 gam mu6i. Gia t cla mi: B42. 8.63. c.84. D.48 Cau 8 (ID: 30822) Héa tan hoan toan m gam hén hop chiza Zn va Cu trong V mi dung dich HINO, 0,5M vira di thay thoat ra 0,08 mol NO va 0,025 mol N,O (dung dich mu6i khong ‘hire NH,NO,). Gi tr ca V ls A380 B. 580. c. 620. 740. ‘Cau 9 (1D: 30821) Hoa tan hét 31,2 gam hin hgp Fe, FeO, Fe,O, vao 800 mi dung dich HINO, 2M thu duro V It NO (Aktc, sén phim Khir duy nhdt) va dung dich X. Dung dich X hoa tan ti da 9,6 gam Cu. Gid tr cua V a A821 8.6.72 6.3.36. 0.3.73, ‘Cau 10 (1D: 30823) Cho 4,8 gam Cu vao 200 mi dung dich chia HCI 0,8M va NaNO, 0,4M thdy thoat ra V It khi NO (aktc). Gia tr eta Vt: A.2.240. B. 1,120. 1.0896. 0,560. Bap én (1-8 [2-p|s-c]4-a]s-p|6-0|7-c| 8-0] 0-5 [1-0 @Sr Dang 6: Kim loaitée dung voi musi 1. Phuong php gidi + Ih cho kim logi vao dung dich mu6i th ay ra cc kha nang sau ée kim foal Na, K, Ba, Ca,..{kim loal tan trong nue) Ban ddu: Kim logi + H,0 — idm + Hy, ‘Sau 6: Kidm + Mu6i—+ sn phim (Diu kien: 6 kBt ta, bay hoi hoae chét ign ty yeu). Cac kim loai kde: Kim loai ding tude ‘ay kim loal ding sau khdi dung dich (lw {68 cép oxi héa - Khir cla sat). Trung hop néu cé nhiéu kim log hoge «ung dic chira nhidu mubithi ap dung quy tc alpha dai ruse, alpha ngén sau. + Gach xée dinh san phim khi cho hén hop kim loai tac dung voi hén hop musi: Mg, Zn® Po® Fe Cu® Fe” Age ‘Mg Zn ' Pb ' Fe ' Cu 'Fe"' Ag cerry cha y: ‘Thude day dign héa dé xée dinh phan ing vay ra va thi? ty phan ding. Nén viét PTHH duréi dang ion rit gon: Fe" Ag’ Fe" +Ag. Néu Fe du thi tgo ra mudi Fe*. EE Poeen ai Vi dy: Cho céc kim loai: Na, 2n, Fe, Ag ao dung dich Cu(NO,), du. $6 trvdng hop tao ra Cul: Ad. B2 63 D4. Huéng dn Na la kim fog tan trong nude nén: 2Na + 2H,0—- 2NaOH + H, 2NaOH + Cu(NO,), + CUlOH), + 2NaNO, ‘Ag la kim foal yéu hon Cu nen: ‘Ag + Cut ~» Khong phan tng, Cc trubng hop tao ra Cu a: Zn, Fe Zn + Cu" Zn + Cu Fo+ Cu* — Fe + Cu = Chon B, Vi dy: Cho hén hop bot Mg va Zn vao dung dich chia Cu(NO,), va AgNO, sau phan img duge dung dich A va hin hop. rn B chira hai kim log. Hai kim logi dl A.Mgvaag. B. Mg va Zn C.ZnvaCu. —D. Cuvadg. Huong din XXée dinh san phdm cho hn hop kim loi te dung v6i hn hop mudi: Mai 2n® Cua Mg * Zn" Cu Ag ‘Ta thdy 2 kim ogi trong B la Cu va Ag Chon D.pana el “+ Bigu thie tang gkm kndi kwong: [re = AM eg = Ma. no Mic Arse = AMa gan fas The to 2. Vidy minh hoa UTM ‘Cho thanh Zn ngng 50 gam rihiing vao 200 ml dung dich CuSO, 0,5M. Gia sir luong Cu tao ra bam hét vao than Zn, Sau mét thoi gian, lay thanh kém ra, sy hd cn nng 49,94 gam. Tinh khéi long Zn da phn ung? A.0,06 gam, B. 3,20 gam. €.1,90gam. DB. 3,80 gam. Huéng dn Goi s6 mol Zn phan ting la x mol. PTHH: Zn + Cu + Zn® + Cu x = x mol ‘Ta thay khdi lugng thanh kém giam ai nén: AM um = Marana ~ Mesa te + 50 49,94 = 65x — 84x. + x= 0,06 ‘Vay khdi lugng kém da phan tng la im, = 0,06.65 = 3,9 gam, = Chon D. \Vi'dy 1: Cho 6,4 gam Cu vao 500 mi dung dich AgNO, xM, sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan thu duge 18,56 gam chat ran. Gid tr cla x la: ¢.0,40. D.0,16. Bn mol A032, 8.064, Huong VI mol ny, =05x™mol Cu+2Ag’ > Cut +2A9 TH 1: Gu phan tng hBt ny =27,, =2.01=0.2 > Mg =0,2-108 = 246 gam > 18,56 gam— Loal. TH_2: Cu dy, AgNO, hat: yg =, =0,5x™mol CO: AM ig = Msg nin ts “Mest a $ 18,56-6.4 x=0,32 + Chon A. ® 25x mol 108.0,5x-64.0,25x\Vi'du 2: Cho 84 gam bot Fe vio 1 litdung dich Achira AgNO, 0,2M va CuSO, 0,1M thu duc chét ra B (cde phd tng xdy a hoan to&n). Khdi lzong cia Ba ‘A. 28,0 gam. B.284gam. —_C. 27,6 gam. D. 24,8 gam. Hung dn C6: pg =0,15 MOL Moyo, =0,2 MOL, Neygo, =0,1 mol >xet thirty phan img: Fe + 2g’ > Fe* + 2Ag (1) o1e02 +02 mol Fe + Cul > Fe + Cu (2) 0,05-+0,05 50,05. mol + masirdo= 0,2.108 + 0,05.64 = 24,8 gam. Chon D. \Vidu3: Cho hén hop gbm 2.7 gam Alva 5,6 gam Fe vao 550 mi dung dich AgNO, 1M ‘Sau khi cdc phan ng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc m gam chat ran. Gia ty cla m la: A224 8.540. c. 594. D648. Hugg dn at 0,1 mol Mygyo, = 0,55.1=0,55 mol nya Se “Thor ty phan ting: Al+3Ag’ >A" +3Ag (1) 0103, 03 mol Fe+2Ag' > Fe" +2Ag (2) 010.2 01 02 mol Fo +Agi>Fe*+Ag (3) 01 0,05 0,05 mol y= 108,(0,3 + 0,2 + 0,05) = 36 4 MOL Ny Vay my, = — Chon C. Vid 4: Cho 5.1 gam hén hop gém Mg va Al tac dung vira 6 voi dung dich chira 0,2 ‘mol Cu(NO,), va 0,1 mol AgNO,, Sau pha Ging thu duge chét rn gdm 2 kim logi. Phin tram khéi lugng cia Al trong hén hop dau la: A.47,06% B. 52.94% ©.57,92%. D. 42.08%. Huong dén ac dinh san phém cho hn hgp kim log tac dung vét hn hep mubi: 4 mol Mo" AP! Cu Ag’ _. 2 kim ai thu duge la Cu, Ag ig AI Cu"A9_ vay Alva Mg phan tg hétPeilacie esata ena Goi s6 mol Mg, Al ln lugt la x, y mol —+ 24x + 27y = 5,1 (1) ‘Ta c6 qué trinh nhuwéng - nh electron: Mg > Mg? +20 Cu" +20->Cu x +2 mol] 0,204 mol AL AI 480 Ag’ +e Ag y — +8y mol] 010.1 mol re rn. (208427 Tar (1) va (*) t@.06 he phuong tr oe zr. 51” Vay omy = Chon 8. 3. Bai tap ty luyon (Cau 1 (1D: 20290) Cho hén hop gbm Fe va Mg vao dung dich AgNO, khi ede phan tng xay ra hoan oan thu dugc dung dich X (gdm hai muéi) va cht rn Y (gém hai kim loa). Ha mui trong X la ‘A. MgINO,), va Fe(NO,), B. Fe(NO,), va Mg(NO, ©. AgNO, va Mg(NO,),. D. AgNO, va Fe(NO,),. 82 (10. 20231) Nyain mt ainh st trong 100 ml cng dlen CuSO, aM. Sau kh phan ng kt thc lay inh s&tra kno dung dich rva nhe, kam kh théy khbi ugg din sét tng them 1,6 gam. Gia tr cla a le: A.20. B02, 6.100. D041 Cau 8 (ID: 20241) Cho mot thanh s&t n8ng 10 gam vo 50 mi dung dich CuSO, 2M. Khi phan tng xay ra hoan toan thi khéi long thanh sat sau khi em ra khdi dung dich va sdy ko la: A.9.2gam B.11,6gam. .10,8gam.—_—.8,6 gam. (Cu 4 (1D: 20237) Nhiing thanh kim loai M (héa tr Il) vo 100 ml dung dich FeCl, 1M. Sau ki phn Ung hoan toan khéi ugg thanh kim foal gidm 0,9 gam, Kim logi Mla AAL B.Mg ©.Zn. D.Cu. Cau 5 (ID: 20280) Héa tan 0,25 mol hén hop A gdm bét Mg va Al trong vira 4ii 150 mi dung dich CuSO, 2M. Phan trim s6 mol cia Mg va Al trong hén hap A lan uot A.60% va 40% B. 57.1% va 42.9%. 30% vA 70%. D. 50% va 50%. ‘Cau 6 (1D: 30842) Cho 0,288 gam Mg va 1,98 gam Zn téc dung vira dd V mi dung dich X 06 chita ding thoi FeSO, 0,15M va CuSO, 0,2M. Cac phan img xy ra hod toan thu dug chat rn chita hai kim loa. Gié tj ota Via: A.80, B. 100, ©.200. . 120. 100% ~ 52,94% oipin (4=A]2-a [9-6 [4-0 [S-A] 6-0) ePhin 1 LY THUYET TRONG TAM Bt. Hop kim a. Khai nigm Hap kim la vat ligu kim logie6 chiva mot kim logi oo ban va m@t s6 kim loai hose phi kim khac. b. Tinh chat Tinh chdt héa hgc: tuong ty tinh chét cia c&e don chat tham gia tao hep kim. Tinh cht vat I, tinh ch&t co hoe: khae inhibu so v6i tinh cht cdc don chat. ©. Ung dung Bac tinh hep kim HGP KIM - SU AN MON KIM LOAI Ju: Thép ld hop kim cia Fe voi C va mot s6 nguyén t6 kha: Si, Mn, Sou ag ‘uyra lé hop kim cia Al v6i Cu, Mn, Mg, Si, “Thép inoc (Fe-Cr-Nin}: khong bi an mon, Hop kim (W-Co, Co-Cr-WeFe): siéu cing, Thiée han (Sn-Pb): nhi@t d6 néng chay thé, Hop kim (ALi, ALCu-Mn-Mg): nhe, cing, bin, ‘Ung dung Nhe, ban, chiu duge nhiét a cao va dp sual cao. CChé tao tén lta, tu vO try, may bay, 6. Tinh ban héa hoe va ea hge cao. ‘Ghd tao tit By aganh dBu md va cong nghigp héa chat Cag va ben ay dung ana cia va clu cng Khong gi Ché tao dung cy y t8, dung oy lam bép, Hop kim olla Au voi Ag, Cu dep va cig, itbi man, BS 2. Sy an mon kim loai a. Khai niem ‘Sy &n mén kim logi la sy pha hay kim Jai hoa hop kim do sy tac dung cia cde ‘chat trong moi truéng xung quanh, ‘86 18 qua trinh dign hoa: M+ Me + n9, Ché tao dé trang site, dic ten. Cau sét lau ngay bj gi set ¢b. Cc dang an mon kim loa. + Cin ctr vo mai tnrémg va co ché ca syn mén kim loal, nguéi te chia thanh 2 dang chin ‘An men héa hoo ‘An mon dign héa Nguyén | - Do kim logi téc dung vei hda | - Do Kim loal ogc hop kim Hep xie vor nan | chat hoc hoi & nhigt do cao. | dung dich chat ign li va tao ra vo sé cc c&p pin dign hoa. = La qua irinh oxi héa — khi, kim | - La qua trinh oxi héa — Khir ma kim loai Ban | loai nhyéng trye tiép electron | an mén béi dung dich chét dign li chdt | cho chat an man. C6 xubt hin dong ain. = Khong xuét hign dong dién. ~ Qua tinh an mn dfn ra cham, kiting nhigt a6 —t6c-40 8n mon | - Qua trinh &n mon dién ra nhanh, din ra nhanh hon. ~ X@y ra rong moi trun khong o6 | - Xay ra dBng tho’ 3 dibu Ki: idu | chét aign fi, ho’e mét kim Jogi | + Cac dign eye phaiKhde nhau v8 bn chét. ign | nguyén chat tép xuc wi moi | + Cée dign ye phal tép xtc tue tiép ‘rutng chét ign fi. hae gin tép véi nhau qua day d&n. + Cac ign eye cng tip xe ve dung dich chit ig I. 'Nhting2thanh Zn va Cu (khong tép | Nhung 2 thanh Zn va Gu vao dung dich Vid¥ | scicrhau) vao dung dich HCI du. | HC! du va tip xtc gian tiép qua day din. = Zntan, H, theta ttn than Zn | + Zn tan, khiH, thot ra ttn thanh Cu. Bac Giém ‘Chi J: Trong &n mon din héa, kim loai manh hon Ia ey &m va bi an mon true. + Sy an mon hop kim Fe ~ C trong khong kh im i sy an mon din hoa Oroyc (+): 0, +H,0+40 > 40H Crepe): Fe Fe" +20 + Sy hinh thanh gf sét din ra nhur sau: Fe 2 5 Fe(OH), 2:42 5 Fe(OH), Fe,0,.nH,.0 (ela) ©. Chéng an mon kim foal ‘+ Phuong phap bao vé bé mat: son, ma, ngm dau, me... én b8 mat kim loa. Tao hap kim bn ha hoc véi mai truéng: nhur hop kim (Fe — Cr— Ni). + Phuong php dién héa: gn vao b® mat kim foal cn bao vé mét kim log tinh Khir man hom kam vat hi sinh (thuong dng Zn).Phin 2 CAC DANG BAI TAP SD Dang 1: Ly thuydt an me 4. Vidy minh hoa ‘Vidy 1: Didu kién dé xay ra &n mon dién hod la gi? AA. Cc didn oye phaitép xic véi nhau hode duge néi vb nhau bing mot day dn. B. Cac ign eye pha duge nhing trong cing dung ich dink . Cac ign cye phai khéc nhau v8 ban chat D. Ca ba diéu kién trén. Huéng din Dé xay ra an mon éign héa cn tha man dng thoi 3 aibu kg: Cac dién eye phai khac nhau vé ban chat. ac ign exc phai tép xic vbi nhau hod duge néi vbi nhau b’ng mot day d&n. Cae eign exe phai duge ning trong cing dung dich din Chon D. ‘Vi dy 2: Tong eae trudng hep sau, rng hep nao kim lal bj An mon eign hod? ‘A. Cho kien logi Zn vbo dung dich HCl B. Thép cachon 48 trong kidng khi dm. . B6t day Fe trong khi O,. . Cho kim loai Cu vao dung dich HNO, long. Huréng dan Be dp an A, C, D sal vl xBy ra’an mon hoa he. ‘Bép én B ding vi théa man dng tho 3 abu Kign: 2 align eye kde nhau ban chdt: Fe va C. 2 didn duge ibp xtc ruc tip v6i nhau. 2 gién oye cing trong kh6ng khi &m chita H,0, CO, 0... ra lp dung dich chat gin Chen 8. Vi dy 3: Phat bidu nao dui day Khéng ding? A. Tinh chat héa hoc ac trung cila kim loai la tinh khir B. Ban chat cla &n mon kim loal la qué trinh oxi hda — kh. C. An mon héa hoc lm phat sinh dong dién. . Nguyén tée chung 48 didu ché kim logi I Khir ion kim Jogi thanh nguyén ti kim loa Huéng dn Cae dap an A, B, D ding Dap 4n C sai vi an mon héa hoc khéng phat sinh dong dién, an mon dign hoa mdi phat sinh dong dign. Chon ©. a @Vidy 4: Mét soi day Cu néi v6i mot soi day Fe a8 ngoai khong khi 4m, mt thor gian ob hign tugng gi? ‘A. Day Fe va day Cu bj dat. B. 0 ché nbi ddy Fe bi min va dt 0 ch6 ndi day Cu bj min va art . Khéng 06 hin tzong gh Hugng dn Cu n6i v6i m6t sg day Fe &8 ngoai Khong kn! Bm s8 xay ran man 6ign hée. Khi d6, Fe la kim foai hoat dong mann hon nén ché nbi day Fe sé bj &n man va dit. Chon B. ‘Vi dy 5: Cho cdc hep kim sau: Cu— Fet!); Zn — Fe Il); Fe — ill Sn — Fe(IV).Khi tip xc v6i dung dich cht ign i thi cdc hop kim ma trong d6 Fe du bj An mon trade a ALl.llvalv. BI, llval Ce ilvan, Dal tvarv. Huéng dn (G&c hop kim (1), (Il) va (IV) kh tip xtc v6i dung dich chat ign li thi Fe s8 bi an mon trude. Do trong céc hop kim 66 Fe la kim logi c6 tinh khir manh hon va sé déng vai rd la cye am ‘rong od qua tinh an mon didn hoa. = Chon 6. ‘Vi dy 6: BB bao ve v6 tau bién bing thép), & phin ng du6i nude nguti ta thug gan kim logi nao vio v8 tau? AFe. B.Ag. ©.0u. D. zn, Huong dn 1Bé bao v8 v6 tau bién (bdo v@ sét) ta cn gan cdc kim loal od tinh Knde manh hon Fe. Tinh Khir cdc kim loai duge sp x6p theo thi ty: Zn > Fe > Cu>Ag. + Dang Zn 48 bao vé v6 tau + Chon D. 2. Bai tp ty luyén Cu 1 (ID: 02269) Sy pha hy kim logi do kim logi phan ting v6i hoi nuéc hoc chat kn & hit d® cao duc got la gl? A. Sy gi kim loai B. Sy &n mon héa hoe. . Sy an mon dign héa. D. Sy lao héa cia kim loa (Cau 2 (ID: 02297) Sy &n mon mot vat bang thép trong khdng khi 2m & cyre dong xay ra ‘qua trinh nao? A.Fe Fe" +20, B. Fe Fe" +e. €.0, +H,0+4e > 40H. D. 2H'+20->H,. (C&u 8 1D: 02349) B& bao ve cae vat igu kim logi, ngubi ta thug tién hanh ma crom len 'b8 mat kim loi. Co s& cia phuong phép bao vé kim loa trén la: ‘A. bao ve bB mat. 'B, phuong php ign héa, C. tao hop kim khong gl . ding chat kim ham.(Cu 4 (ID: 02344) Tin hanh 4 thi nghigm sau: (1) Ning thanh Fe vao dung dich FeCl, (2) Nhing thanh Fe vao dung dich CuSO, (3) Nhing thanh Cu vao dung dich FeCl, (4) Cho thant Fe tiép x0c véi thanh Cu r6i nhing vao dung dich HCl. 86 trréng hop xudt hign an mon dign hoa he la: At B.2. c.4, D3. (Cau 5 (ID: 02398) Cho ca thi nghigm sau: (1) Bét thanh thép ~ cacbon trong binh khi clo. (2) Nhang thanh kém nguyén cht vao dung dich FeSO, (3) Hop kim déng thau (Cu - Zn) 48 trong khéng khi Am. (4) Sat tay bix€y xu6c s8u dén lbp ben trong a ngodi khéng khi dm. 'S6 thi nghigm xay ra ain mon din hoa hoc la At 8.2. cs. D4. (Cau 6 (ID: 02403) Cho c&c cp kim logi tiép xGc véi nhau qua day dln la: Zn — Cu, Zn—Fe, 2n—Mg, Zn— A\, Zn Ag cing nhting vao dung dich H,SO, loang. $6 cp 05 khiH, thoat +a @ pha kim logi Zn la AA. 8.2 cs. D3. ‘Cau 7 (1D: 30860) Khi cho vai giot dung dich CuCl, vo dung dich HCI 48 nhing e&n mot thanh Al. Hy cho biét hign tuwong nao s8 xay ra sau 66? ‘A. Kni H, ngimg thoat ra. B. Kn H, thodt ra cham dan . Kh’ H, thoat ra nhanh dn, . Khi H, thoat ra v6 tbe 6 khéng 4. ‘Cau 8 (1D: 30861) B4t thanh hop kim Fe ~ C trong kn oxi, hy cho biét qua trinh an mon a0 a xa ra? ‘A. An mon dién hoa, B, An mon héa hoe. ©..C8 2 loa 1D. Khéng xay ra an mon. ‘Cau 9 (ID: 30862) Mot chiéc chia khos lam bling hop kim Cu ~ Fe bj roi xuéng day giéng, ‘Sau mét thoi gian chide chia khod sé: ‘A.b an mon hoa hos. B. bin mon dig hoa, . khong ban men, . an mon dign hod hod hod hoc tuy theo lngng Cu — Fe 66 trong chia kod 66. Cau 10 (ID: 30863) Bé béo ve kim loai khdi syn mon, c6 céc phurong php sau: (1) C&ch ti voi mol tru®ng. (4) Banh béng b& mat. (2) Ding hop kim chéng gi (6) Lau chil thuong xuyén, (3) Ding phuong phap dién hoa. (6) Dang chat chéng an man, Phuong phap ding la A.(1).(2),(8).(6).—B.(1), (2), (8), 4). C.(1), 2). (B).—D.(4), 2). ). 6). (= [2-0 [9-a [4-8 [8-6] 6-8 [7-6] 8-8] 0-8] 0-5)“Dang 2: Hop kim 4. Phuong phép gidi + Nm ving thuyéttin chat ca hep kim ‘va cng thire cila cdc hyp kim thudng gap: ‘Thép inoc (Fe-Cr-Mn): khéng bj an mon. Hop kim (W-Co; Co-Cr-W-Fe}: siéu cig, “Thibchan (Sn - Pb: niet néng chay thd. Hop kim (ALSi, ALCu-Mn-Mg): nhe, cing, ban, + Xée dinh ham lurgng kim log trong herp kim Bute 1: Bat s6 mol twong ting vei cée nguyén t6 trong hop kim. Bude 2: Lap phuong trinh theo dir kién dé bai va gidi hé phuong trinh, Bbc 3: Tin ham krong kim lat 4m, = 100% ‘Vi du: Hop kim duge ding trong cbng nnghigp ché tao tau vi try, may bay, 616 la A.Co~Cr—Mn~ Mg, B.W-Fe-Cr—Co ¢.Al—Cu-Mn—Mg. D.W-Co-Mn Huéng din [Nhaing hop kim nhe, b&n, chiu duvge nhigt 66 ca0, p sudt 20 ding 48 ché tao tau vir try, may bay, 616. Do dé, trong cng nghigp ché tao thudmg dng hop kim Al — Cu ~ Mn —Mg vi 6 tin rhe, cng, ben. + Chon C. Vi dy: Cho 8,6 gam hop kim Cu — Ag trong dung dich HNO, dc, néng du théy thodt ra 3,36 It khi mau nau dé (dktc). ‘Thanh phan phan trim kh lugng cia Cu trong hop kim A25%, B. 50%, C.37% Hugng dn 36 22.4 {Goi s6 mol Cu, Ag trong hp kim lan luot 18x y (mol) + 64x + 108y = 8.6 () Qua trinh nhudng - nhén electron: D. 56%. Cu Cu"*+2e N® +e 9N" x 2k 0.15--0.15 Ag Ag’ +0 yo4y Bao toan electron: 2x + y = 0,15 (**) Tir ()va ("ta cd: x= y= 005 Vey: tama, = 295-64 100% ~37% = Chon C,+ Xée dinh céng thre ha hoc oa hop kim Buse 1: Gol cong thie téng aut: ABC, Vi du: Mot logi ddng thau 66 chia $89,63% Cu va 40,37% Zn. Hop kim nay 06 ccdu tao tinh thé oda hyp chat hoa hoe gitra Bute 2: Lap te XZYIZ=M Mg Me ng va kém. Céng tite hod hoe cla hop = Baimy , emmy, HM chat la: SM My Me A.Cuzn, B.CuZn, ‘Bute 3: Chon git x,y, 2 va Ke lan. ©.Cuzn,, D.Cuzn,. Huéng dn ei cing thie ting quat hop chdt i: Cu,2n, Moy %Mn > xet thle cy Mon 40.37 6 93:0,62 = Chon x=3, Ang tite héa hoe la Cu,Zn,. Chon. 2. Bai tap ty luyén ‘Cau 1 (1D: 30901) Hop kim nao ctmg nhat trong céc hop kim sau? A.W-Co. B.Fe-Cr-Mn ©.Sn~Pb. D.Bi-Pb-Sn. Cau 2 (1D: 30902) Thép inos la t8n gol cla hop kim m0? A.Fe-Cr-Mg, B.Fe-Cr-Mn. C.Fe-Mg—Cu, D.Fe-Zn~Cu. ‘Cau 3 (ID: 30904) Nnting hop kim c6 tinh chat nao sau day due tng dung a8 ché tao ten lea, tau vO tru, may bay? ‘A. Nhiing hgp kim nhe, ban, chiu dure nhiét 66 cao, dp suat cao. BB. Nhiing hop kim khéng gi, 06 tinh d&o cao. . Ning hep kim cé tinh cimg cao. . Nhiing hep kim c6 tinh dn din t6t ‘Cau 4 (1D: 30907) Cho 6 gam hop kim Cu Ag trong dung dich HNO, tao duoc 14,68 gam hn hgp muéi Cu(NO,), va AgNO,, Phan trim khéi long oda Cu trong hp Kirn li A. 25%, B. 36% 6.21%, D. 64%, (Cau 5 (1D: 30908) Hop kim Fe ~ Zn 06 cfu tgo tinh thé dung dich rén, trong dé 06 72,1% Fe v8 kh6i lygng, Xac din cBng thirc héa hoc ca hop chét? A. Fezn, B. Fe,Zn. ©. FeZn,. D.FeZn. pip an (TA s8) 2-8 3A 4-0 odBAI 3: BIEU CHE KIM LOAl Phan 1 LY THuyér TRONG TAM “D1. Nouyan téc chung Khie cation kim loai v8 kim loai: Me ne M “& 2.Phurong php aidu ché ‘a. Phuong phap thay luyén +o 86: Bute 1: Quang sca? dung dich. urbe 2: Khir ion-922 kim oa ybu *Ap dung: Thuong 6ibu ché kim losi o& tinh kh y6u nhu Cu, Hg, Ag, A. ». Phuong phap nhiatluyén *Co 86: Oxit kim loai—SY:22%skim lal. *Ap dng: Thudng didu ché kim lal tung hh nhu Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb,. \V6i quing sunfua kim loa: Cu, FeS,, Buée 1: Quang — + oxit kim loai Burbe 2: Khir oxt =2":°skim loi *+V6i kim logi kém hoat dng (Ha, Ae...) chi cn: Quang 2225 kim loi. oni Phuong phap nay ding 48 aiéu ché kim Joai trong cong nghiép. Chit Khir thudng hay sit dung trong cng nghigp la cacbon (C) ® ‘Vi dy: Bibu ché Cu tty quang metaconit cuo Bude 1; CuO+H,S0, ~r CuSO, +H,0 Bude 2: Fe+CuS0, > FeSO, +Cu Vid Phan tng nhigt inom 2A10,0,—!-9A1,0, +2¢r Vi dy: Bibu ché Cu ti quang Cu,S Buse 1: Cu,$ +20, —"-+2Cu0 + 80, Bue 2: Cu0+6 —* +cu+Co Vidu: HgS +0," +Hg+S0,ce. Phuong phap aién phan ‘Co 86: Dang dong dign m6t chiBu 68 khi ion kim loai thanh kim log “+ Ap dung: Hau hat cac kim loa + Sy din phan Catot (eye am): Xy ra qua trinh kh. ‘Anot (cu dutong): Xay ra qué trinh oxi héa, ign phan néng chy ‘ign phan dung dich guyén) Bign phan cht ign linong chay ‘be. | (mubt nalogenua, bazo, ox). ign phn dung dich mu6i cia kim loa ‘Ap _| Thug Gidu hé kim loai mank: | Kim foal tung Binh va yéu. dung_|K, Na, Mg,... (ohm IA, HA va Al) [Bién phan néng chay NaCl ‘ign phn dung dich CuSO, vidu | catot(-) — NaCl — Anot(+) | Catot(-) — CuSO, —+ Anot (+) Nat cr CurH,O (HO) 80%, F,0 INasteNa 2c -+Cif+2e|cu+20>Cu 24,0 4H +O 46 Phuong trinh ign phan Phuong trinh dign phan: 2Naci— "= > 2Na+ CI 1CuSO, + 2H,0— 2 20u+ 2H,S0, + Or 3. Dinh wat Faraday hi long chat giai phéng & mi cign VI dy: Tinh khdi trong ota Cu thu duge cove ti v6% dig lugng di qua dung dich v_—_& catot sau 25 phil a¥én phan dung dich durong luvong cia chat ‘CuSO, véi curéng 46 dong align 1a 5 ampe, Bibu th: eiuong met cuomaa—mosoan Huéng din inten ga Merle ‘Bi: 25 phat = 25.60 = 1500 giay oainene \ | J Phuong trinh éign phan: 2CuSO, + 2H,0—E> 20u+ 2H,S0, +0, Kn6i lugng Cu 6 catot s JN eaves 2 15180 28m (Gem) tonePhin 2 CAC DANG BAI TAP S Dang 1: Ly thuyét digu ché kim losi 4. Phuong phap gia Nguyén tc: Mr* + ne > M ‘Thudng ap dung:K Ba Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe NiSn Pb (H) CuHg Ag Pt Au Nan phan ingly mtn eine ‘in pan ang aor 2. Vidy minh hoa Vi dy 1: 88 6idu ché kim loai ngudi ta thyc hig: ‘A. qua tinh oxi ha kim log trong hep chat. B. qua tri ki kim loal trong hp chét C. qua trinh khisfon kim logi rong hop cht D. qué trinh oxi héa ion kim foi rong hop chat. Huéng dn Nguyen téc alu ché kim loai kn fon kim lal than kim loai ty do: Mf = ne -> M, = Chon ©. ‘Vi di:2: Phuong phap ding mot kim loa tinh Khir menh hon 4B khiion kim lol Kh trong dung dich mu6i durge gol la phuong pha: A. nhigt yen. B. ign phan. G.thdy phn, _D. thay uyén. Huéng dn Phuong phép thiy luyén: ding kim loai 6 tinh khir manh hom khition kim loai khae trong dung dich mui Chon D. \Vidy 3: C6 thé dibu ché Ca bang cdc phurong phap nao sau day? ‘A. Ding Na dy Ca khdi CaCl, néng chay. B. Ding CO (hod H,) khir CaO & nhigt 66 rét cao. C. Nhigt phan CaO 6 nhigt a6 rat cao. . Bin phan néng chay CaCl, Hugng ain ViCa la kim foai manh nén chi didu ché duroc bang phuong phap dién phan néng chay. Phuong tinh aign phan: CaCl, = +Ca+Cl, ? Chon D. \Vidy 4: Bin phan dung dich chtra mudi ndo sau day 88 dibu ché durgc kim loa trong ong? A. MgCh, B. AgNOs, ©.CaCk, D. AlCl, e®oN Sea ieee Huéng dn DBign phan dung dich chi didu ché duoc cdc kim loai ding sau Al + Bign phan dung dich mudi AgNO, thu durge kim loa Ag ARNO, +2H,0—* +2Ag+4HNO, +0, Chon B ‘Vi dy 5: Phan tng diéu ché kim loai nao duéi day khéng ding? A.2A14 C0, —!¥A,0, +2Cr B. HgS +0, —>Hg+$0,. ©.FeS, +20," 4Fe+280, D.300+F2,0,—+2Fe +300, Hudng dn Phuong tinh A, B, D ding vi éidu ché kim loal theo phuong phap nhiét uyén. Phuong trinh C sai vi: 4FeS, +110, —*-+2Fe,0, +880, — Chon C. ‘3. Bai tap ty luyén_ (Cau 1 (1D: 30958) Nhting kim lol néo sau day ob thé du ché duge tr oxit bang phuong phép nhiét luyén nhoy chat khir CO? A. Fe, Al, Cu. B. Zn, Mg, Fe. C. Fe, Mn, Ni. D. Ni, Cu, Ca. ‘Cau 2 (ID: 30956) Kim loai nao sau day kh duxgc ion Fe* trong dung dich? AMg, B. Po. ©.0u. D.Ag. Cau 3 (1D: 30957) Khi dibu ché kim loi, cc ion kim log déng vai vo gi? A. Chat khiy, B. Chat oxihéa. CG. Nhn proton. —_D. Dn dién. cau 4 (1D: 30958) B8 oibu ché Mag ty dung dich MgCl, nguti ta cb th. ‘A. chuyén a dung dich MgCl, thanh MgO rbi kha bling H, 6 ahigt 46 cao. BB. dign phan MgCl, néng chay. . ding kim loai manh dy Mg ra khdi dung dich mudi D. cd 3 phuong phap trén. c&u 5 (1: 30989) Day céc kim log du o6 thé aidu ché bang phuemg php éign phan dung dich mudi (v6i dign cyc tro) a: ‘A.Ca, Zn, Ag B.Fe,Na,Cu. C.Al,Fe,Cu. —_D.Zn, Pb, Cu Cau 6 (ID: 30960) Phan tng héa hoc néo duréi day thudc phuong phép thiy luyén? A. 22080, + 2H,0->22n+2H,SO,+0,, B.Fe,0, +3H, -> 2Fe-+3H,0, ©. Cu+2AgNO, -»Cu(NO,), +2Ag ‘Ca¥ ZnCl, > CaCl, +Zn ‘Cau 7 (1D: 30961) Bign phan Al,O, néng chay. Tal catot x8y ra qua trinh: ‘A.oxihéaion A. —B.khivion Al. C.khivionO®. —_D. oxi héa ion >. bsp an (G26 [2A] 8-8 [4-8] 5-6] 6-0] 7-8) @