‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 KE‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١F

 W‫א‬‫א‬E١‫א‬F،‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٦٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬ K١
  ، ‫א‬‫א‬
،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E ١F‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬?E٧‫א‬‫א‬F،‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    E ‫א‬ F ‫א‬  K٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٦١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  E ٢ F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،E٤FE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٦٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E ‫א‬ F       E ٤  F ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٦٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E٤F
WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 E٥F

- ١٦٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WE٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
 K?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬         ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K K١
 K‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬ K٣
 K K٤

- ١٦٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬E٦F
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ?‫א‬?‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F

- ١٦٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
KE٤٠ J٢٥٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣٠W‫א‬‫א‬
5/9.CC = ( F – 32 )  •
K٣٠‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤٠–٢٥٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٤٠–٢٥٠HF‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬G
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 KE٤٠–‫א‬٢٥٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬G
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬KW‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬
 KE٤٠–‫א‬٢٥٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١٦٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬G
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 KE٤٠ J٢٠٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬G
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬KW‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 KE٤٠–‫א‬٢٥٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫א‬G
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬KW‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 E٤٠ J٢٠٠HFW‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ١٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E٧F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E١F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬E٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬E٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬E١F  ‫א‬E٢F  ‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
EF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

¼ 3000 PSI 5000 PSI J

٨L٣ 2250 PSI 4000 PSI 5000 PSI
½ 2000 PSI 3500 PSI 4000 PSI
٨L٥ 1750 PSI 2750 PSI J
¾ 1500 PSI 2250 PSI 3000 PSI
١ 800 PSI 1875 PSI 3000 PSI
١{٢٥ 600 PSI 1625 PSI 3000 PSI
١{٥ 500 PSI 1250 PSI 3000 PSI
٢ 350 PSI 1125 PSI 3000 PSI
 PSI KL

- ١٧٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
W
‫א‬EFEF ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
،
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
 KE٨F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٧١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
 
 E J JF K١
  K٢
٣٠‫א‬
  K٣
 ٣٧‫א‬ ™
٤٥‫א‬ ™

  J٥oK٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F

- ١٧٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ E ٩  F     E   F     
 W‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F
EF‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬        ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E ‫א‬ F ‫א‬  E‫א‬F ‫א‬
 K
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ١٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬EF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١١FE‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 

- ١٧٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 

- ١٧٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
EF F F
    
   E‫א‬  E‫א‬
  F
 E‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬    
     
     
     
‫א‬‫א‬K١ ‫א‬‫א‬K١ ‫א‬‫א‬K١
‫ א‬، ‫ א‬EF‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
  K¼ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬٢  

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬   ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E F  ‫א‬  
 
     F    
 
     ‫א‬  E
 K
   ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
    K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
- ١٧٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WE‫א‬F‫א‬    K
     
     
     
  ‫א‬‫א‬٣ ‫א‬‫א‬٣
‫א‬‫א‬١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬
 K  K‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣٢L١‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  K١٦L١
  ‫א‬، ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  J٢ ١٦L١٣٢L١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬  K‫א‬‫ א‬١L٣٢‫א‬
     ١L١٦
 
‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
١L١٦١L٣٢ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F

- ١٧٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ١F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E ١٤
 KE‫א‬‫א‬FE٣F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FE٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٥F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K o
K‫א‬ o
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬KK
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F

- ١٧٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   E ١٢ F     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
 K‫א‬
 KE٩٠&٤٥F‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫ א‬K٨
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٩
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
      ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K١٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬EE٦F‫א‬E٣L١F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١٧٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬       E  
  F     ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
      ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  K٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫ ( א‬NPT )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬& (NPTF ) K
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ،‫א‬          ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣

- ١٨١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 K‫א‬EF‫ א‬K٤
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  K٥
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  K٦
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F،
‫א‬ ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ E ‫א‬  F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٧F‫א‬‫א‬،E٤٥٣٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  E  ٤٥ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬E١٥F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
         ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬E ٤٥F‫א‬W K٣
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
  ‫א‬  K‫א‬         ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   E     ‫א‬F ‫א‬  – ١
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–E‫א‬‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ – ٢
‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ – ٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ EF  ‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K  ‫א‬
 K 
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  Yo[  – ٤
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
F‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬F‫א‬  ‫א‬  E‫א‬
F‫א‬
E‫א‬ E JF 
E‫א‬ 

 ٣L١٦  ٧L١٦  ١٠ ١L٦
 ١L٣
 ١L٤  ٩L١٦  ١٠ ١L١٢
 ١L٤
 ٥L١٦  ٥L٨  ١٥ J١٠ ١L٦
 ١L٤
 ٣L٨  ١١L١٦  ٢٠ ١L٦
 ١L٤
 ١L٢  ٧L٨  ٤٠ J٣٠ ١L١٢
١L٦١L٤
       
 ١L٤
 ٥L٨  ١  ١١٠ J٨٠ ١L٦
١L٤
٣L٤ ١١L٤ ١٢٠ J١٠٠ ١L٦

‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬ W  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  JW‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬G‫א‬G
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG

- ١٨٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬          ‫א‬    K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F
 K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ٢١ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬EF ٢١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F

- ١٨٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–١
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–٤
 –٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  J٦
 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬ J–٣
‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J–٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K–٥
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K–٦
K‫א‬

- ١٨٨ -