protection power System UCEST, Lahore Leads University ment no. 4 Expe ays in a Power System Coordination of DTOC Rel Odjeci 2 ALthe end of this lab session will be able to: > Understand the concept of relay coordination and selectivity. Calculate the tie setting of the relay absence of relay coordination. y Y Analyze the effe Understand the concept of back-up operation ) Introduction: erates lik antaneous Definite time over current relay: A definite time over current relay operates like on inst e. er will over current relay coupled with the timer. Once current reaches the pickup value, the timer ip signal to circuit breaker. continue to take time.ont the definite time setting reach, the relay gives tr rent relay in a Application of DTOC: The DTOC relay is different from the instantaneous over: way that it waits for a definite time once the fault is detected. When a fault occurs ina power closest to the fault should operates first so that minimum number f customer i cries protective devices between the fault point and the power system. the r defected When there are two or more supply. These devices must be coordinated to insure that device nearest the fault point operates first Consider a radial power line having two relays, one of the starts of the line and one at the first end. ‘The relay at the far end can be set to operate faster than the relay at the far of the end. If there is a fault at the far end, a heavy current flow in the line where it is picked up by both line but we can censure the safety Laboratory Task: Simulate a small radial power system having a signal generating process source and multiple loads. Determine the normal operating current in various sections of the power station so that the “pickup setting” for the protection relay can be Determined. Procedure: Step 1: Draw a simple power system having a three phase source three phase circuit bre measurement units and three phase series RLC cireuit . Connect the block ae Scanned with CamScannertection UCEST, Lahore Leads University Power System Pro TweeTataler Thane System frequency S0hz Total submission time 0.5 Solver reset Method Robust Three phase source Voltage lev Initial connection Grounded 3phase short circuit level 600e6v Base Voltage Hedy Three phase series RLC load1 Configuration y Grounded | Nominal voltage Hedy | Active Power 100e6v | inductive reactve power ———«NOOVAR | Capacitive reactive power OVAR Scanned with CamScannerUCEST, Lahore Leads University Power System Protection Configuration y grounded Nominal voltage le3v Active power 1s0e6v Capacitive reactive power OVAR Constant (C.B control) Value: eaker cl vally. It Note: The constant block is connected to the CB control to keep the circuit breaker closed initially will be replaced by the relay once we have implemented the relay module. Step 2: Measure the RMS value of current at scope | and scope2. Calculate the pick up value of current for the relays to be installed. Current 1 RMS valu Current 2 RMS value = 12 = Here 11 is the sum of currents drawn by the both loads and 12 is the current drawn by load 2. This thing can be observed in the above figure: Pick up value for relay 1 = 1.4*11 = ari=. Pick up value for relay 2 Current setting of relay is also called pick up value Step 3: Make a sub system named DTOC relay |. Implement the module of DTOC relay in the sub system as in lab session 2, connect this relay block to the circuit breaker. Create a copy of this sub system to collect with the other breaker. Set the “pick up” and “time delay setting” in the relay. The detail of this implementation is given below. ° ° Three Phase Faul Ground fault: Select this option Extemal control of fault timing: Select this option (000) Initial status of fault: Simulate fault at 0.15 Scanned with CamScannersystem Protection UCEST, Lahore Leads University Power Si 4 5 a “hese a Feb o in Current setti ick up value) Set the current pick up value of the relays as calculated in step2. Step 4: Set the time delay of relay 2 equal to 0.02s. for coordination of time setting of relay | is determined by Time setting relay 1 = Time setting of relay 2 + C.B operating time + a small constant Circuit breaker interrupts at zero crossing. So it will take some time to interrupt the current alter operation. It will be the worst case when breaker operation starts Just after the zero crossing of curren. In this case breaker operating time will be approximately equal to the time taken by the half cycle of the current i-e half of the time period of current. A small constant delay js added to ensure no overlap. Put this constant equal 10 0.0155, Note: if simulation is taking a long time complete, ch mula ; ange the “power “continuous” to” discrete” and set sample time 50e -6 setting from The powergui block is represent on the top left corner of your name simul Step 5: K file Simulate the following fault conditions and describe y ur results: A fault in section 2 of power system with Time setting of relay | > Time Setting of relay 2 Scanned with CamScannerUCEST, Lahore Leads University Power System Protection Results: 2. A fault in section 2 of power system with Time setting of relay < Time setting of relay 2 Result: 3. fault in section 1 of power system with any time setting of relay 2 Result: Results: > Explain how relay 1 works as a backup protection for section 2 of the power system > What are the necessary conditions for relay coordination in the system? What is the disadvantage of setting the DTOC time delay to a very high value? 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