ς˰˰˰˰γϮ˰˰Θ˰ϣϰ˰˰˰˰˰˰ϟϭ΃Ε΍ϭΰ˰˰ϐ˰ϟ΍00Ϧ˰γ΍ή˰Ϥ˰ϐϳΔ˰τ˰γϮ˰Θ˰ϣ ς˰˰˰˰γϮ˰˰Θ˰ϣϰ˰˰˰˰˰˰ϟϭ΃Ε

Ε΍ϭΰ˰˰ϐ˰ϟ΍
΍ϭΰ˰˰ϐ˰ϟ 00Ϧ˰γ΍ή˰Ϥ˰ϐϳΔ˰τ˰γϮ˰Θ˰ϣ

s
 ΕΎ˰ϴ˰οΎ˰ϳή˰˰ϟ΍ϲ˰ϓ
˷ ϲ˰ϧΎ˰Μ˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰μ˰ϔ˰Ϡ˰ϟαϭή˰Τ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍νή˰ϔ˰ϟ΍  ΕΎ˰ϴ˰οΎ˰ϳή˰˰ϟ΍ϲ˰ϓϲ˰ϧ
˷ ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰μ˰ϔ˰Ϡ
˰˰μ˰ϔ ˰˰ϟϟαϭή˰Τ˰
Ύ˰Μ˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰μ˰ϔ˰Ϡ ϟαϭ
ϟαϭή˰Τ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍νή˰ϔ˰ϟ΍

m
 
 Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍  Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍

xa
 1 2ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰Ϡ˰ϟΔ˰ϳΪ˰˰ϴ˰Ϡ˰ϗϹ΍Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍Ύ˰ϳΩϮ˰˰Ϥ˰ϋΰ˰˰Π˰ϧ΍  1 2ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰Ϡ˰ϟΔ˰ϳΪ˰˰ϴ˰Ϡ˰ϗ Ϊ Ϲ΍Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍Ύ˰ϳΩϮ˰˰Ϥ˰ϋΰ˰˰Π˰ϧ΍

 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰Αˮ1 2ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋΔ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰Β˰Ϙ˰ϳ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰ϫg  ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰Αˮ1 2  ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋΔ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍

Ϊ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰
Ϊ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ Ϟ˰˰Β˰Ϙ˰ϳ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰ϫg
 Δ˰ϳΪ˰˰ϴ˰Ϡ˰ϗϹ΍Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ϩά˰ϫϦ˰˰ϋή˰˰Β˰ό˰Ηϲ˰Θ˰ϟ΍Γ΍ϭΎ˰˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍ΐ˰˰Θ˰ϛ΍g  Δ˰ϳΪ˰˰ϴ˰Ϡ˰ϗ
˰Ϡ˰ϗϹ΍Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ϩ
΍Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ ά˰ϫά˰ϫϦ˰˰ϋή˰˰Β˰ό˰Ηϲ˰Θ˰ϟ΍Γ΍ϭΎ˰˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍ΐ˰˰Θ˰ϛ΍g

/e
 1 2ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰Ϡ˰ϟ 
Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍Ύ˰ϳΩϮ˰˰Ϥ˰ϋΰ˰˰Π˰ϧ΍  1 2ΩΪ˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ
˰˰ό˰ϟ΍ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ Ϊ˰˰ό  
Δ˰Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍Ύ˰ϳΩϮ˰˰Ϥ˰ϋΰ˰˰Π˰ϧ΍
ϰ˰Ϡ˰ϋ8 9ΩΪ˰˰ό˰Ϡ˰ϟ

m
 Δ˰˰Ϡ˰λΎ˰˰ϔ˰ϟ΍Ϊ˰˰όΑϡΎ˰˰ϗέ΃Δ˰˰ό˰Αέ΃Ϊ˰˰Ϩ˰ϋΎ˰˰Ϭ˰ϔ˰˰ϴ˰ϗϮ˰Θ˰Α  Δ˰˰Ϡ˰λΎ˰˰ϔ˰ϟ΍Ϊ˰˰όΑϡΎ˰˰ϗέ΃Δ˰˰ό˰Αέ΃Ϊ˰˰Ϩ˰ϋΎ˰˰Ϭ˰ϔ˰˰ϴ˰ϗϮ˰Θ˰Α
 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰Αˮϱή˰˰θ˰˰˰ϋΩΪ˰˰ϋϞ˰˰λΎ˰˰Τ˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰ϫg  ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰Αˮϱή˰˰θ˰˰˰ϋΩΪ˰˰ϋϞ˰˰λΎ˰˰Τ˰ϟ΍Ϟ˰˰ϫg

co
 ΔϤ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ϞλΎΤϟϥΎμ˰ϘϨ˰ϟΎΑΔ΋ΎϤϟ΍Ϧϣ˯ΰ˰Πϟ΍ϰϟ·ΔΑή˰Ϙ˰Ϥϟ΍ΔϤ˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ς˰ϋ΍g  ΔϤ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍
Ϥ˰δ˰Ϙ˰ϟ Ϟλ ΎΤϟϥΎμ˰ϘϨ˰ϟΎΑΔ΋ΎϤϟ΍Ϧϣ˯ΰ˰Πϟ΍ϰϟ·ΔΑή˰Ϙ˰Ϥϟ΍ΔϤ˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍ς˰ϋ΍g
ϞλΎΤϟ
 Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍  Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍

n.
 4 c mΎ˰ϫή˰τ˰ϗϒ˰μ˰ϧϭOΎ˰ϫΰ˰ϛή˰ϣ  TΓή˰˰΋΍Ω˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ΍  4 c mΎ˰ϫή˰τ˰ϗϒ˰μ˰ϧϭOΎ˰ϫΰ˰ϛή˰ϣ  TΓή˰˰΋΍Ω˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ΍
   TΓή˰˰΋΍Ϊ˰ϟ΍ϲ˰ϓ[ A C ]΍ή˰˰τ˰ϗ˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ΍΍g    TΓή˰˰΋΍Ϊ˰ϟ΍ϲ˰ϓ[ A C ]΍ή˰˰τ˰ϗ˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ΍g

io
 [ A C ]Δ˰˰ό˰τ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍έϮ˰˰Τ˰ϣ¨Ϣ˰˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰Θ˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ
˰˰ϧ΍΍g  [ A C ]Δ˰˰ό˰τ˰Ϙ˰ϟ΍έϮ˰˰Τ˰ϣ¨Ϣ˰˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰Θ˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍˯ϰ˰θ˰˰ϧ΍g
O B  O D  2 , 4 c mΚ˰ϴ˰ΤΑ¨Ϧ˰ϣDϭBϦ˰ϴ˰Θ˰τ˰Ϙ˰Ϩ˰ϟ΍ ˰Ϩ˰ϟ΍Ϧ˰ϴ˰ϋg O B  O D  2 , 4 c mΚ˰ϴ˰ΤΑ¨Ϧ˰ϣDϭBϦ˰ϴ˰Θ˰τ˰Ϙ˰Ϩ˰ϟ΍Ϧ˰ϴ˰ϋg
 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰ΑˮA B C Dϲ˰ϋΎ˰Αή˰ϟ΍Δ˰ ΍Δ˰˰˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρΎ
 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰ΑˮA B CΚ˰˰˰Ϡ˰˰˰Μ˰˰˰˰ϤϤ˰˰ϟ΍Δ˰
ϟ Δ˰˰˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρ
c at
ρΎ˰˰˰ϣϣ
ρ ϣ 
ρ ˰˰ϣϣ
ρΎ
 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰ΑˮA B C Dϲ˰ϋΎ˰Αή˰ϟ΍Δ˰˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρΎ˰ϣ
 ˰Ϝ˰Α΍Ϯ˰Οέή˰ΑˮA B CΚ˰˰˰Ϡ˰˰˰Μ˰˰Ϥ˰˰ϟ΍Δ˰˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρΎ˰ϣ
 Ϧ˰˰ϳή
Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍  Ϧ˰˰ϳή˰˰Ϥ˰Θ˰ϟ΍
du

G E ά˰Χ΄ΑG E SΚ Κ˰Ϡ˰ΜΜϤϟ΍

Ϥϟ΍˯Ύ˰Ύ˰θ
θ˰ϧ·Ϊ˰ϋ΍
θ˰ G E ά˰Χ΄ΑG E SΚ˰Ϡ˰ΜϤϟ΍˯Ύ˰θ˰ϧ·Ϊ˰ϋ΍
 E S  3 , 5 c mϭ  G E  5 , 6 c m  E S  3 , 5 c mϭG E  5 , 6 c m
-e

 [ E S )Ϣ˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰Θ˰δ˰Ϥϟ΍Ϥϟ ϒμϧϦϣ
˰Ϙ˰Θ˰δ˰Ϥϟ΍ Ϧ KΔτ˰ϘϨ˰ϟ΍Ϧ˰ϴ˰ϋg  [ E S )Ϣ˰ϴ˰Ϙ˰Θ˰δ˰Ϥϟ΍ϒμϧϦϣKΔτ˰ϘϨ˰ϟ΍Ϧ˰ϴ˰ϋg
 S K  3 , 5 c mΚ˰˰ϴ˰Τ˰Α  S K  3 , 5 c mΚ˰˰ϴ˰Τ˰Α
cy

S γΎ˰Ϩ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍Δ˰ϴ˰γΪΪ˰Ϩ˰Ϭ˰ϟ΍Γ΍ΩϷ΍ϼ˰˰Ϥ˰ό˰Θ˰δ˰ϣ
 ˭Δ˰Β˰γ S  ˭Δ˰Β˰γΎ˰Ϩ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍Δ˰ϴ˰γΪ˰Ϩ˰Ϭ˰ϟ΍Γ΍ΩϷ΍ϼ˰˰Ϥ˰ό˰Θ˰δ˰ϣ
 G E KΚ˰Ϡ˰Μ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍Δ˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρΩΪ˰˰Σ  G E KΚ˰Ϡ˰Μ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍Δ˰ό˰ϴ˰Β˰ρΩΪ˰˰Σ
en

 G K ϝϮ˰˰τ˰ϟ΍

ϝ
ϝϮ˰˰τ˰ϟ ΩΪ˰˰Σ˭Γή˰˰τ˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍ϼ˰˰Ϥ˰ό˰Θ˰δ˰ϣg  G KϝϮ˰˰τ˰ϟ΍ΩΪ˰˰Σ˭Γή˰˰τ˰δ˰Ϥ˰ϟ΍ϼ˰˰Ϥ˰ό˰Θ˰δ˰ϣg

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