PAUL A.

RAHE

Education
College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, 1967-1969
Yale College, Yale University, 1969-1971
Wadham College, University of Oxford, 1971-1974
Yale Graduate School, Yale University, 1974-1977

Degrees
B.A. Summa cum Laude with Honors with Exceptional Distinction in History, the Arts and
Letters, Yale University, June, 1971
B.A. Oxon. with First Class Honours in Litterae Humaniores, University of Oxford, October,
1974
Ph.D., Yale University, December, 1977

Honors, Prizes, Scholarships, and Fellowships

Rhodes Scholarship, 1971
Woodrow Wilson Fellowship, 1971
Andrew D. White Prize in European History, Yale University, 1971
Phi Beta Kappa, Yale University, 1971
Field Scholarship, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1973
Benjamin Bickley Rogers Prize, Wadham College, University of Oxford, 1973
College Scholarship, Wadham College, University of Oxford, 1973
Weaver Fellowship, Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 1974-1975
Junior Fellowship, The Center for Hellenic Studies, Washington, D.C., 1980-1981
Fellowship, The National Humanities Center, Spring, 1984
Fellowship in the Eastern Mediterranean, Institute of Current World Affairs, Crane-Rogers
Foundation, 1984-1986
John M. Olin Faculty Fellowship, John M. Olin Foundation, Inc., 1988-1989
Fellowship, Center for the History of Freedom, Washington University, Spring, 1990
Fellowship, National Endowment for the Humanities, 1993-1994
Fellowship, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D. C., 1993-
1994
Templeton Honor Rolls for Education in a Free Society, The John M. Templeton Foundation,
1997-1998
Visiting Research Fellow, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Spring, 1999
E. L. Wiegand Visiting Lecturer, St. John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, and Thomas
Aquinas College, Santa Paula, California, 1999-2000
Fellowship, National Endowment for the Humanities, Fall 2005
Visiting Fellow, All Souls College, University of Oxford, Michaelmas and Hilary Terms,
2005-6.
DaimlerChrysler Fellow, Hans Arnhold Center, The American Academy in Berlin, April-
May, 2006.
 Koren Prize for the Best Article Published in French History in 2005, Society for French
Historical Studies, 21-22 April 2006.
Visiting Fellow, Social Philosophy and Policy Center, Bowling Green State University,
Bowling Green, Ohio, 18 May - 5 June 2009, 22 June - 7 August 2009.
Emily Daugherty Award for Teaching Excellence, Hillsdale College, 12 April 2012.
W. Glenn Campbell and Rita Ricardo-Campbell National Fellow, The Hoover Institution,
Stanford University, 2 September 2013 - 17 May 2014.
2019 Strategic Forecasting Book Award for Excellence in Geopolitical Analysis, Annual
Meeting of the Mackinder Form, Tyson’s Corner Westin Hotel, Falls Creek, Virginia, 24 -
25 October 2019.

Employment
Acting Instructor, Department of History, Yale University, 1976-1977
Assistant Professor, Department of History, Cornell University, 1977-1980
Steinman Assistant Professor of Classics and History, Department of Classics, Franklin and
Marshall College, 1981-1983
Assistant Professor, Department of History, The University of Tulsa, 1983-1991
Associate Professor, Department of History, The University of Tulsa, 1991-1994
Professor, Department of History, The University of Tulsa, 1994-2007
Jay P. Walker Professor of American History, The University of Tulsa, 1994-2007
Visiting Professor, Department of History, Yale University, 1996-1997
Professor, Department of History and Politics, Hillsdale College, 2007-
The Charles O. Lee and Louise K. Lee Chair in the Western Heritage, Hillsdale College,
2008-
Visiting Professor, The Committee on Social Thought, University of Chicago, Spring Quarter,
2019

Administrative Experience
Director, First Seminar Program, University of Tulsa, 1990-1992
Chair, Department of History, University of Tulsa, 1994-1998

Fields of Concentration
Major: Ancient Greek and Roman History
Minor: European Intellectual History
Germany, 1890-1945

Additional Teaching Experience

Greek and Latin Language and Prose Literature
Ancient Persian Civilization
Greek and Roman Civilization
Ancient and Modern Historiography
Ancient and Modern Political Philosophy
The Enlightenment
Shakespeare
Early America
Dissertation
“Lysander and the Spartan Settlement, 407-403 B.C.,” August, 1977

Books
Republics Ancient and Modern: Classical Republicanism and the American Revolution
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992), An Alternate Selection of the
History Book Club, May, 1993.
Republics Ancient and Modern I: The Ancien Régime in Classical Greece (Chapel Hill:
University of North Carolina Press, 1994).
Republics Ancient and Modern II: New Modes and Orders in Early Modern Political Thought
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).
Republics Ancient and Modern III: Inventions of Prudence: Constituting the American
Regime (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).
Against Throne and Altar: Machiavelli and Political Theory under the English Republic (New
York: Cambridge University Press, 2008).
Montesquieu and the Logic of Liberty: War, Religion, Commerce, Climate, Terrain,
Technology, Uneasiness of Mind, the Spirit of Political Vigilance, and the Foundations of
the Modern Republic (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009).
Soft Despotism, Democracy’s Drift: Montesquieu, Rousseau, Tocqueville and the Modern
Prospect (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009).
The Grand Strategy of Classical Sparta: The Persian Challenge (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 2015), also available as an audiobook on audible.com.
The Spartan Regime: Its Character, Origins, and Grand Strategy (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 2016).
Sparta’s First Attic War: The Grand Strategy of Sparta, 478-446 BC (New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press, 2019), also available as an audiobook on audible.com..
Sparta’s Second Attic War: The Grand Strategy of Sparta, 446-418 BC (New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press, 2020), forthcoming.
Turkish Translation of The Spartan Regime: Its Character, Origins, and Grand Strategy,
forthcoming from Verba Medya in Istanbul.
Chinese Translation of Republics Ancient and Modern I: The Ancien Régime in Classical
Greece, forthcoming from Yilin Press in Nanjing.
Chinese Translation of Republics Ancient and Modern II: New Modes and Orders in Early
Modern Political Thought , forthcoming from Yilin Press in Nanjing.
Chinese Translation of Republics Ancient and Modern III: Inventions of Prudence:
Constituting the American Regime, forthcoming from Yilin Press in Nanjing.

Books Edited
Montesquieu’s Science of Politics: Essays on the Spirit of Laws, ed. David W. Carrithers,
Michael A. Mosher, and Paul A. Rahe (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001).
Machiavelli’s Liberal Republican Legacy, ed. Paul A. Rahe (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2006).

Work in Progress
Sparta’s Third Attic War: The Grand Strategy of Classical Sparta, 418-404 BC, just begun.
Chapters in Books
“Slavery, Section, and Progress in the Arts,” in The Revival of Constitutionalism, ed. James
W. Muller (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988) 123-50.
“The American Revolution,” in The American Experiment: Essays on the Theory and
Practice of Liberty, ed. Peter Augustine Lawler and Robert Martin Schaefer (Lanham,
MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1994) 27-55.
“Antiquity Surpassed: The Repudiation of Classical Republicanism,” in Republicanism,
Liberty, and Commercial Society: 1649-1776, ed. David Wootton (Stanford: Stanford
University Press, 1994) 233-69.
“Don Vito Corleone, Friendship, and the American Regime,” in Reinventing the American
People: Unity and Diversity Today, ed. Robert Royal (Washington, D. C.: Ethics and
Public Policy Center, 1995) 115-35.
“Thucydides’ Critique of Realpolitik,” in Roots of Realism: Philosophical and Historical
Dimensions, ed. Benjamin Frankel (London: Frank Cass, 1996) 105-41.
“Thucydides and Ancient Constitutionalism,” in Polis and Polemos: Essays on Politics, War,
and History in Ancient Greece in Honor of Donald Kagan, ed. Charles D. Hamilton and
Peter Krentz (Claremont, CA: Regina Books, 1997) 141-70.
“Thomas Jefferson’s Machiavellian Moment,” in Reason and Republicanism: Thomas
Jefferson’s Legacy of Liberty, ed. Gary L. McDowell and Sharon L. Noble (Lanham, MD:
Rowman and Littlefield, 1997) 53-84.
“The River War: Nature’s Provision, Man’s Desire to Prevail, and the Prospects for Peace,” in
Churchill as Peacemaker, ed. James W. Muller (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1997) 82-119.
“Soft Despotism: Democracy’s Drift,” in Foundations of American Civilization, ed. T.
William Boxx and Gary M. Quinlivan (Latrobe, PA: Center for Economic and Policy
Education, 1999) 15-54.
“Fame, Founders, and the Idea of Founding in the Eighteenth Century,” in The Noblest
Minds: Essays on Fame, Honor, and the American Founding, ed. Peter McNamara
(Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1999) 3-36.
“Aristotle and the Study of History: A Manifesto,” in Reconstructing History: The Emergence
of the Historical Society, ed. Elizabeth Fox-Genovese and Elisabeth Lasch-Quinn (New
York: Routledge, 1999) 202-13.
“The Beginning of the Cold War,” in Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” Speech Fifty Years Later,
ed. James W. Muller (Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1999) 49-67.
“Social and Political Philosophy: Introduction,” in The Examined Life: Readings from
Western Philosophers from Plato to Kant, ed. Stanley Rosen (New York: Random House,
2000) 5-25.
“Situating Machiavelli,” in Renaissance Civic Humanism: Reappraisals and Reflections, ed.
James Hankins (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000) 270-308.
“Forms of Government: Structure, Principle, Object, and Aim,” in Montesquieu’s Science of
Politics: Essays on the Spirit of Laws (1748), ed. David W. Carrithers, Michael A. Mosher,
and Paul A. Rahe (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001) 69-108.
“The Electoral College and the Moderation of the Political Impulse in America,” in Securing
Democracy—Why We Have an Electoral College, ed. Gary L. Gregg II (Wilmington, DE:
ISI Books, 2001) 55-78.
“Justice, Necessity, and the Conduct of the Spartans and the Athenians in The Peloponnesian
War,” in Civilians in the Path of War, ed. Mark Grimsley and Clifford J. Rogers (Lincoln:
University of Nebraska Press, 2002) 1-32.
“The Idea of the Public Intellectual in the Age of the Enlightenment,” in The Public
Intellectual: Between Philosophy and Politics, ed. Arthur Melzer, Jerry Weinberger, and
M. Richard Zinman (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2003) 27-52.
“Don Corleone Multiculturalist” [in Chinese], in Trust and Business: Barriers and Bridges [in
Chinese], ed. Daryl Koehn (Shanghai: Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, 2003)
145-68.
“Background to Marbury v. Madison: The Debate Concerning Judicial Review at the Federal
Convention and during the Ratification Period,” in Marbury v. Madison: 1803-2003: Un
dialogue franco-américain/A French-American Dialogue, ed. Élisabeth Zoller (Paris:
Dalloz, 2003) 19-36.
“The Political Needs of a Tool-Making Animal: Madison, Hamilton, Locke, and the Question
of Property,” in Natural Rights Liberalism from Locke to Nozick, ed. Ellen Frankel Paul,
Fred D. Miller, Jr., and Jeffrey Paul (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005) 1-26.
“Machiavelli in the English Revolution,” in Machiavelli’s Liberal Republican Legacy, ed.
Paul A. Rahe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) 9-35.
“Thomas Jefferson’s Machiavellian Political Science,” in Machiavelli’s Liberal Republican
Legacy, ed. Paul A. Rahe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) 208-28.
“Thucydides as Educator,” in The Past as Prologue: The Importance of History to the
Military Profession, ed. Williamson Murray and Richard Hart Sinnreich (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2006) 95-110.
“Montesquieu and the Constitution of Liberty,” in America and Enlightenment
Constitutionalism, ed. Gary McDowell and Johnathan O’Neill (London:
Palgrave/MacMillan, 2006) 123-55.
“Political History’s Demise?” in Recent Themes in Early American History: Historians in
Conversation, ed. Donald A. Yerxa (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2008)
33-36.
“Carl Schmitt and His Critics,” in Man and His Enemies: Essays on Carl Schmitt, ed.
Svetozar Minkove and Piotr Nowak (Bialystok: University of Bialystok, 2008) 25-63.
“The Peace of Nicias,” in The Making of Peace, ed. Williamson Murray and James Lacey
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009) 31-69.
“The Aristophanic Question,” in Recovering Reason: Essays in Honor of Thomas L. Pangle,
ed. Timothy Burns (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010) 67-82.
“Montesquieu’s Critique of Monarchy: A Self-Destructive Anachronism,” in Montesquieu et
la civilité, Annuaire de l’Institut Michel Villey 2010:2 (Paris: Dalloz, 2011) 209-28.
“Minority Views of Professor Paul A. Rahe,” in The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy: Report
of the Scholars Commission, ed. Robert F. Turner (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press,
2011) 343-52.
“Cicero and the Classical Republican Legacy,” in Thomas Jefferson, the Classical World, and
Early America, ed. Nicholas P. Cole and Peter S. Onuf (Charlottesville: University Press of
Virginia, 2011) 248-64.
“Thomas Hobbes, Niccolò Machiavelli, and the Executive Power,” in Executive Power in
Theory and Practice, ed. Hugh Liebert, Gary L. McDowell, and Terry L. Price (London:
Palgrave/MacMillan, 2012) 83-94.
 “Blaise Pascal, Pierre Nicole, and the Origins of Liberal Sociology,” in Enlightenment and
Secularism: Essays on the Mobilization of Reason, ed. Christopher Nadon (Lanham, MD:
Lexington Books, 2013) 129-40.
“Was Montesquieu a Philosopher of History?” in Montesquieu et les philosophies de
l’histoire au XVIIIe siècle, ed. Lorenzo Bianchi and Rolando Minuti (Naples: Liguori
Editore, 2013) 71-86.
“Beyond Confessional Paradigms: Re-Grounding Virtue on Secular Calculation Alone,”
Recht, Konfession und Verfassung im 17. Jahrhundert, ed. Mathias Schmoeckel and
Robert von Friedeburg (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2015) 269-83.
“Athens and Sparta,” in Great Strategic Rivalries: From the Classical World to the Cold War,
ed. James Lacey (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016) 52-78.
“Machiavelli and the Modern Tyrant,” in Machiavelli on Liberty and Conflict, ed. David C.
Johnston, Nadia Urbinati, and Camila Vergara (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2017) 207-31.
“Religion, Politics, and Piety,” in The Oxford Handbook of Thucydides, ed. Ryan Balot and
Sarah Forsdyke (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017) 427-41.
“Montesquieu, Hume, Adam Smith, and the Philosophical Perspective of The Federalist,”
forthcoming in The Cambridge Companion to The Federalist, ed. Jack Rakove and
Colleen Sheehan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019), 228-62.
“Sectarian Conflict, the Preservation of Liberty, and John Churchill’s Statesmanship,”
forthcoming in Winston Churchill’s Life of Marlborough, ed. James W. Muller.

Articles in Refereed Journals

“The Military Situation in Western Asia on the Eve of Cunaxa,” The American Journal of
Philology 101:1 (Spring 1980): 79-96.
“The Selection of Ephors at Sparta,” Historia 29:4 (4th Quarter1980): 385-401.
“The Annihilation of the Sacred Band at Chaeronea,” The American Journal of Archaeology
85:1 (January 1981): 84-87.
“The Primacy of Politics in Classical Greece,” The American Historical Review 89:2 (April,
1984): 265-93.
“John Locke’s Philosophical Partisanship,” The Political Science Reviewer 20 (1991): 1-43.
“Cicero and American Republicanism,” Ciceroniana n. s. 8 (1994): 63-78.
“Thomas Jefferson’s Machiavellian Political Science,” Review of Politics 57:3 (Summer,
1995): 449-81.
“Thucydides’ Critique of Realpolitik,” Security Studies 5:2 (Winter, 1995): 105-41.
“Don Corleone, Multiculturalist,” The Journal of Business and Professional Ethics 16:1-3
(1998): 133-53.
“Averting Our Gaze,” The Journal of the Historical Society 2:2 (Spring, 2002): 145-51.
“The Classical Republicanism of John Milton,” History of Political Thought 25:2 (Summer,
2004): 243-75.
“The Political Needs of a Tool-Making Animal: Madison, Hamilton, Locke, and the Question
of Property,” Social Philosophy & Policy 22:1 (Winter, 2005): 1-26.
“The Book That Never Was: Montesquieu’s Considerations on the Romans in Historical
Context,” History of Political Thought 26:1 (Spring, 2005): 43-89. Awarded the Koren
Prize for the Best Article Published in French History in 2005 by the Society for French
Historical Studies, 21-22 April 2006.
 “Between Trust and Distrust: The Federalist and The Emergence of Modern Republican
Constitutionalism,” 1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era
11 (2005): 375-406.
“In the Shadow of Lucretius: The Epicurean Foundations of Machiavelli’s Political Thought,”
History of Political Thought 28:1 (Spring, 2007): 30-55.
“The Enlightenment Indicted: Rousseau’s Response to Montesquieu,” The Journal of the
Historical Society 8:2 (June, 2008): 273-302.
“Montesquieu’s Anti-Machiavellian Machiavellianism,” History of European Ideas 37:1
(March, 2011): 128-36.
“Montesquieu’s Natural Rights Constitutionalism,” Social Philosophy & Policy 29:2
(Summer, 2012): 51-81.
“Tocqueville on Christianity and the Natural Equality of Man,” The Catholic Social Science
Review 17 (2012): 7-20.
“Can a Republic Be Established on an Extended Territory,” Citizens and Statesmen 6 (2012):
39-53.
“The Return of Abu Nasr al-Farabi,” Reason Papers: A Journal of Interdisciplinary
Normative Studies 34:2 (October, 2012): 28-37.
“Liberty and Property in Classical Antiquity,” The Journal of Policy History 29:2 (2017):
199-210.
“Aristotle and Modern Politics,” The American Journal of Jurisprudence 62:1 (June 2017):
29-44.
“Amending the First Amendment,” Academic Questions 30:3 (Summer 2017): 293-301.

Other Scholarly Publications

“Church and State: Jefferson, Madison, and 200 Years of Religious Freedom,” The American
Spectator 19:1 (January, 1986): 18-23.
“Redefining Democracy for the Modern State,” Humanities 13:3 (May/June 1992): 16-19.
“The Martial Republics of Classical Greece,” The Wilson Quarterly 17:1 (Winter, 1993): 58-
70.
“Virtuous Citizens,” Constitution 6:2 (Fall, 1994): 52-59.
“Extracurricular Reading,” Reason 26:7 (December, 1994): 49.
“Justice, Necessity, and the Conduct of War in Thucydides,” Occasional Paper No. 6,
Historical, Cultural, and Literary Studies, The Woodrow Wilson International Center for
Scholars (November, 1995): 1-39.
“The Contents of Our Character,” Reason 27:7 (December, 1995): 42.
“The Constitution of Liberty Within Christendom,” The Intercollegiate Review 33:1 (Fall,
1997): 30-36.
Constitutions: Ancient, Modern, and American, The Gaspar G. Bacon Lecture, 1996 (Boston:
Boston University, 1997).
“The Electoral College: A Defense,” Perspective: A Public Policy Journal from the
Oklahoma Council of Public Affairs 7:12 (December, 2000): 3-7.
“The Reckoning,” The American Oxonian 89:2 (Spring, 2002): 30-33.
“An Inky Wretch: The Outrageous Genius of Marchamont Nedham,” The National Interest 70
(Winter, 2002-2003): 55-64.
“Empires Ancient and Modern,” The Wilson Quarterly 28:3 (Summer, 2004): 68-84.
“Political History’s Demise?” Historically Speaking 5:4 (March/April, 2005): 28-30.
 “Conservatives, Elites, and Populism: How to Think About the Tea Party,” Commentary
131:2 (February, 2011): 13-18.
“Montesquieu, Natural Law, and Natural Right,” Website on Natural Law, Natural Rights,
and American Constitutionalism, The Witherspoon Institute, Princeton, New Jersey,
http://www.nlnrac.org/earlymodern/montesquieu.
Contributor, Commentary Symposium, “Are You Optimistic or Pessimistic About America’s
Future?” Commentary 132:4 (November, 2011): 45.
“A Future for NATO and the European Union,” A Hoover Institution Essay on the Unraveling
of the EU and NATO, 7 December 2016: https://www.hoover.org/research/future-nato-
and-european-union.
“Spartan Grand Strategy,” Military History Monthly 79 (April 2017): 28-33.
“The Persian Wars,” Military History Monthly 79 (April 2017): 36-42.
“Allan Bloom’s University and Mine: From Racial Intimidation to Trigger Warnings,” Public
Discourse, http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2017/05/19110/, 25 May 2017.
“Is Turkey No Longer Part of the West,” Strategika 51 (31 July 2018):
https://www.hoover.org/research/turkey-no-longer-part-west.
“The Grand Strategy of Classical Sparta,” Ancient History Encyclopedia,
https://www.ancient.eu/article/1416/the-grand-strategy-of-classical-sparta/, 16 July 2019.
“The New Face of Tyranny,” The American Interest 15:1 (September/October 2019): 35-37,
posted online at https://www.the-american-interest.com/2019/05/06/the-new-face-of-
tyranny/ on 6 May 2019.
“The Dangerous Blinders of Realism,” The American Interest, posted online at
https://www.the-american-interest.com/2019/11/13/the-dangerous-blinders-of-realism/ on
13 November 2019.

Books Reviewed
Isaac Kramnick, The Rage of Edmund Burke: Portrait of an Ambivalent Conservative (New
York 1977), in The American Spectator 11:4 (February, 1978): 34-35.
Yvon Garlan, Les esclaves en Grèce ancienne (Paris 1982), in The American Historical
Review 89 (1984): 104-5.
Williamson Murray, The Change in the European Balance of Power, 1938-1939: The Path to
Ruin (Princeton 1984), in The American Spectator 17:10 (October, 1984): 31-33.
Meyer Reinhold, Classica Americana: The Greek and Roman Heritage in the United States
(Detroit 1984), in The William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 43 (1986): 312-15.
Paul Cartledge, Agesilaus and the Crisis of Sparta (Baltimore 1987), in The American
Historical Review 94 (1989): 108-9.
Hiram Caton, The Politics of Progress: The Origins and Development of the Commercial
Republic, 1600-1835 (Gainesville, FL 1988), in Quadrant 34:6 (June, 1989): 69-70.
Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr., America’s Constitutional Soul (Baltimore 1991), in The American
Spectator 25:1 (January, 1992): 74-75.
Michael Palmer, Love of Glory and the Common Good: Aspects of the Political Thought of
Thucydides (Lanham, MD 1992), in The Journal of Military History 56 (1992): 685-86.
Gary Wills, Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America (New York 1992), in
Reviews in American History 21 (1993): 218-24.
To Form a More Perfect Union: The Critical Ideas of the Constitution, ed. Herman Belz,
Ronald Hoffman, and Peter J. Albert (Charlottesville 1992), in Eighteenth Century Studies
27 (1993): 11-15.
Susan Ford Wiltshire, Greece, Rome, and the Bill of Rights (Norman 1992), in The William
and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 50 (1993): 657-58.
Jack N. Rakove, James Madison and the Creation of the American Republic (Glenview, IL
1990), in The Journal of American History 80 (1993): 645-46.
Samuel H. Beer, To Make a Nation: The Rediscovery of American Federalism (Cambridge,
MA 1993), in The American Historical Review 99 (1994): 639-40.
David N. Mayer, The Constitutional Thought of Thomas Jefferson (Charlottesville 1994), in
The American Scholar 64:1 (Winter, 1995): 154-55.
Jean Bethke Elshtain, Democracy on Trial (New York 1995), in Reason 26:11 (April, 1995):
55-59.
Donald Kagan, On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace (New York 1995), in
Reason 27:5 (October, 1995): 61-65.
Clifford Orwin, The Humanity of Thucydides (Princeton 1994), in The American Historical
Review 101 (1996): 159-60.
Michael J. Sandel, Democracy’s Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy
(Cambridge 1996), in The Wall Street Journal 97:72 (11 April 1996): A18.
The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War, ed. Robert B.
Strassler (New York: The Free Press, 1996), in The Washington Times (6 October 1996):
B6.
Victor Davis Hanson, The Other Greeks: The Family Farm and the Agrarian Roots of
Western Civilization (New York 1995), in The American Journal of Philology 118 (1997):
459-62.
Quentin Skinner, Liberty Before Liberalism (Cambridge 1998), in The Review of Politics 62
(2000): 395-98.
Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage, ed. Martin van Gelderen and Quentin Skinner
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), in History of Political Thought 25
(2004): 558-64.
Niccolò Machiavelli, Art of War, ed. and tr. Christopher Lynch (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2004), in The Claremont Review of Books 5:1 (Winter 2004): 42-43.
Austin Woolrych, Britain in Revolution, 1626-1660 (New York: Oxford University Press,
2002), in The Journal of the Historical Society 5:1 (March, 2005): 29-37.
Eric Nelson, The Greek Tradition in Republican Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2004), in The Historical Journal 49:2 (June, 2006): 635-36.
Andreas Kalyvas and Ira Katznelson, Liberal Beginnings: Making a Republic for the
Moderns (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008), in Reviews in American History
37 (2009): 205-10.
Winston S. Churchill, Thoughts and Adventures: Churchill Reflects on Spies, Cartoons,
Flying, and the Future (Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2009), in First Principles: ISI Web
Journal, 15 July 2009: http://www.firstprinciplesjournal.com/articles.aspx?article=1287
&theme=home&loc=b.
The Landmark Herodotus: The Histories, ed. Robert B. Strassler (New York: Pantheon
Books, 2007); David Asheri, Alan Lloyd, and Aldo Corcella, A Commentary on
Herodotus, Books I-IV, ed. Oswyn Murray and Alfonso Moreno (Oxford: Oxford
 University Press, 2007); Herodotus, Histories, Book VIII, ed. A. M. Bowie (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2007); and Herodotus, Histories, Book IX, ed. Michael A.
Flower and John Marincola (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), in The
Claremont Review of Books IX:3 (Summer, 2009): 42-44.
Daniel Bell, The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism: Twentieth Anniversary Edition (New
York: Basic Books, 1996), in The American Interest 5:2 (November/December, 2009):
102-8.
Steve Pincus, 1688: The First Modern Revolution (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009),
in Commentary 128:4 (November, 2009): 56-59.
Brian Balogh, A Government Out of Sight: The Mystery of National Authority in Nineteenth-
Century America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009), in The American
Historical Review 115:4 (October, 2010): 1147.
Kenneth Minogue, Alien Powers: The Pure Theory of Ideology, second edition (Wilmington,
DE: ISI Books, 2008), and The Servile Mind: How Democracy Erodes the Moral Life
(New York: Encounter Books, 2010), in The American Interest VI:2
(November/December, 2010): 67-71.
Nicholas Philippson, Adam Smith: An Enlightened Life (New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press, 2010), in National Review 62:21 (15 November 2010): 46-48.
Marco Platania, Montesquieu e la virtù: Rappresentazioni della Francia di ‘Ancien Régime’ e
dei governi repubblicani (Milan: UTET Libreria, 2007), in English Historical Review
126:518 (February, 2011): 176-77.
Athanassios G.Platias and Constantinos Koliopoulos, Thucydides on Strategy: Grand
Strategies in the Peloponesian War and Their Relevance Today (New York: Columbia
University Press, 2010), in The Journal of World History 23:1 (March 2012): 155-59.
Alexis de Tocqueville, The Ancien Régime and the French Revolution, ed. Jon Elster, tr.
Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), in H-France Review
12 (April 2012): No. 53: http://www.h-france.net/vol12reviews/vol12no53rahe.pdf.
Pierre Manent, Metamorphoses of the City: On the Western Dynamic (Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press, 2013), in National Review 65:21 (11 November 2013): 44-45.
Mark J. Lutz, Divine Law and Political Philosophy in Plato’s Laws (Dekalb: Northern Illinois
University Press, 2012), in Online Library of Law and Liberty (16 March 2014):
http://www.libertylawsite.org/book-review/revelation-holy-law-and-reasons-sway/.
Hugh Kennedy, Caliphate: The History of an Idea (New York: Basic Books, 2016), in
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Civic and Professional Affiliations
American Political Science Association
Association of Ancient Historians
The Historical Society, 1998-2008
Executive Committee, 1998-2008
National Conference Program Organizer, 1999-2000
Board of Directors, Institute of Current World Affairs, Crane-Rogers Foundation, 1987-1994,
1997-2003, 2018-
Chairman of the Board, 1998-2003, 2019-
The Rhodes Scholarship Trust
Member, Oklahoma Committee of Selection, 1983, 1986-1987, 1989-1992, 1994-1995,
1997-2002, 2004.
Secretary, Oklahoma Committee of Selection, 1989-95, 2004.
Gulf District Committee of Selection, 1989-1990, 1994-1995.
Board of Directors, Institute of World Affairs, 1991-1994.
Academic Advisory Council, International Churchill Society of the United States, 1992-1997.
Academic Advisory Committee, The Churchill Center, 1997-.
Michigan Advisory Committee, U. S. Commission on Civil Rights, 2017-