uso exclusiva. FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DELNORTE- 890.101.681-9 é Impresa por: Genesica INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Mechanical vil on of rotating machinery — Iso 2954 ‘Second esition 2012-04-01 4 ou: de Fintensité vibratoire Reference number 130 2064:20126) eiso2012180 2954:2012(E) © isom2 [lsh resend. Unies chemise specie, no gat of is publaton maybe reproduced or uizd in any orm o by any ans, Sectonc or mesanical,rdudg photoogying and mrt, wihout peristarinwegom eter ISO ae adores Ueaw or 60'S trambar body the cour ofthe quest 1SOcopyigt tice 5 CH-100 Geneve 20 Seeuiaareeur tt Faxe a1 22749 0247 Emel capyighiBisoog eb want soo Prblihed in Sozetand Ejemplar para uso exclinivo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DELNORTE- 890.101.681-9 Impbleso por: Generica @1SO.2012—Al fghts reservedEjemplar para uso exclmivo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE - 800.10-1681-0 Annex A (informative) Method for testing ri Bibliography. Normative references .. Terms and definitions... ‘Measurement quantities General requirements... psi 2 Requirements for the vibration transducer and connecting cable. Requirements for the indicating unit... Power requirements... Instruction manual impreso posBUSQRRZ~Al os reserved ti& g 5 2 5 5 = = j é i z 180 2954:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is @ worlduide federation of nationel standards bodies (130 member bodies). The work of preparing Intemational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees, Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on thet committee, International organizations, covernmental and Ron-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take partin the work. |SO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) an all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafied in accordance with the rules given in the ISOMEC Directives, Part 2. ‘The mein task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technicel committees sre circuleted to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the jes casting vote. Attention is drawn to the possibilty that some of the elements of this nt may be the subject of patent Tights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying sny or all suc rights. ISO 2854 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10) vibration, shock and condition ‘monitoring, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibra shock measuring instruments. ‘The main changes are: ‘This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition ey beeq fSphnically revised. — Filters defined as standardized third-order But fers. KR 2 1S 2012 ~All nights reserved3 3 6 3 eS 3 g a i INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery — Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity 1 Scope This Intemational Standard species requirements which iis necessary for = messuring instrument for vibration severity machines to meet i insccuracies of messurement made on the casing of machines. particularly when making repested measurements for trend monitoring of varisin machine, are not fo exceed @ specific value The instruments covered by this International Standard give direct indication or recording of root-mean-square (cms) vibration velocity that is defined as 8 measurement unit. NOTE1 Amat of ceakng tue ems ileston sd fo-. Tis mes & manly eins fe Fcreyet et beral fete ang ag concn tented cautery tonsa conse Be ‘pplied tc instruments whieh are so based MOTE 2 — Subject to sdiaptstion of the messurement noe, these instruments can be used for ether ‘sppliostions where similar aocuracy of messuremant sa remert of vibration velocity ofsructures, tunnels, bidges, ete. Optionally shase measurements may be ip a <= oO 2 Normative references oC The following documents, in whole orn par renga ‘ereMedin fisdocument andere indispensable forits application For dated references, ghy the Bi ies. Faruptated references, the laest edition of the referenced decument (including amghdment hes. S ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, anditi ring — Lv For the purposag of thf document, the terme gntd’definitions given in ISO 2041 apply. 4 Measurement quantities gz The measurement quantities given in Table a "are used to describe mechanical vibration of non-rotating parts Integration and differentiation among the measurement quantities is allowed both for broad band and discrete frequency component signals (see [SQ 10816-1:1995, Annex.A}. The maximum measured vibration magnitude is called vibration severity. It can be given a severity grade (eee eg ISO 10816-61995, Table 1) MOTE Forman, vibration ceverty wes mermally only meant to be the masomum Brogd-nane rats. vibration velesty from 10 Hz to 1 900 Hz, This International Standard specifies the requirements for such a limited instumert, but iso permits use of ether frequency renges. The instrument should preferably be capable of measuring the measurement quentities given in Table 1, but shall at least measure rms. vibration velocity over the frequency range defined in 5.3, Impress po ASQEUIG~At ths resend .para usa exelutivo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE- 890, 101.687.9 180 2954:2012(E) If values at ciscrete trequencies are fitered from broad-band measurements, the band-pass fiter shall have @ suitable bandwidth. Phase relative to a shaft trigger reference or similar source may also be measured to give the vibration vector with its magnitude as amplitude or as rms. value. ‘The aetusl measurement quantity shail be cisplayed andlor output as sn analogue voltage signel or ss dioital dsta, ‘The instrument manufacturer shall give details of the interface(s), which should comply with common standards. Table 1 — Measurement quantities for non-rotating parts Measurement quantity | Unit? | Broad-band value® “Ri disorete Frequencies! Displacement® om rms 7 peskio peak empliode Vibration veloot?® mens rms peak amoitude = ‘Avoeleration’ mist em pesk ampitude = © ther unis he inches, ins and gp are commonty usedin some parts ofthe sy Tat the System show preferably De usec © Overs defines frequency range (s28 £3) © _Direety mastured er fared fem brese-band masturements with» ean a Phase may also be measured to give the ae fa rmaeered as Rica apie ee ee eles ~~ Beihipenecal mematremest pil i gape 1086, Annex. 5 General requirements oO 5A A vibration measuring instrument tion Bisaer én indicating unit; and ower supply system. istics of the complete assembly of the 5.2 The requirements specified in this cla eral charatte detailed requirements for each of these main unis, transducer and the indicating unit. 63 The measurement measuring instrument shall be from 10 Hz to 1.000 Hz but can inch 16] a lower cut-off frequency of 2 Hz or even less is used, The req ree ‘be found from the formulas in 5.4). 5.4 The sensitivity withitMse/meas urement frequepsy-renge shall not deviate from the reference sensitivity at the reference frequency by more than the quantitiesjiven in Table 2 end shown arephically in Figures 1 and 2 for a reference frequency of 78,4 Hz. e NOTE The reference frequency may also be 1 000 reds, sopraximattly 160 He, ‘The band/Jimiting element is a combination of high- and low-pass third-order Butterworth filter characteristics. ‘These components are defined 3s follows: 8) high pass mls) tee a) J] b) lowpass mmeftsa per: Generics 1802012 Ang reserveda g : 3 g 5 : i i i ats *( s]] The product His) Fils) represents the band-imiting transfer function. ‘Table 2 — Sensitivity relative to the reference sensi 180 2954:2012(E) @) ity and limiting values of the permissible deviation within the frequency interval from 4 Hz to 10 000 Hz for an instrument with a nominal frequency range from 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz Frequenay | omins! | saitance | science | toerance | Nomina! | sicance | sstrance tance | “tones ands” | “hanes be e e & « 1 [ea [a0 | —-200 a is_[-s0| -s80_| 70a aaa | coms | oma iss_[ -s0 | -280 | -en0 | 2] o00e0 | noe | ania NOTE The frequencies used are the theoretical base-10 one-ihid octave Wrequencies as defined in [EC 61260181 The nominal ‘Frequencies fourg $0 2880" can sleo oe used besauee the aflerarces or very sm. NOTE __Thelimts in tee pass-tand are maintained from ISO 2854:1975 to be 10 % limis, here expressed in decibes, The ‘olerances at the comer frequencies have been mas to folow te theoretical curve for the fit rather than tying to martaln the precise tolerancesin ISO 2064 1075, impreso por SERIES AM ats eservedtISO 2954:2012(E) Table 2 (continued) & ee e2/eb ab ee 25 x a 1005 B08 2612 0400 040 3162 r gost | aarwe 306t aot | ago sar Ms aozoo | ao0s2 e310 aos | aoc Tes ooze | 0003 10080) epee | 60004 NOTET hd nave Pasuanbas a: Geinad IEC STR Tre neminal ‘requencies found in ($0 288°0 san also be uses because frBeevences are very smal NOTED The limits in the pass-band are maintained 40m ISO 20541075 to be 10 % limits, here expressed in decibels. The telersross at the come faquencies Mave Sean reade to fo the theoreios cure forthe Ser rsnar than tying to maint the Bigaie lleranoes mis 2864 1975, ‘The most common interpretation of these equations is in the frequency domain, where they describe the modulus (magnitude) and phase of the band limitation as functions of the imaginary engular frequency: 2 @ where © isthe angular frequency, in radians per second, Ff isthe frequency, in hertz, a g 6 : 8 g 3 3 i i i imgface por: Genera (SIS 2012 Al ights reservedEjemplar para uso exchsiva- FUNDAGION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE 890.101.687-9 180 2954:2012(E) NOTE1 Sometimes the symbol is used instead of. NOTED itis possible to interpret sas the variable ofthe Laplace transform. ‘The magnitudes of the fter responses are then given by: ee (ico) = ———— e Patel aa pen 1 Eel Teaaae S ia O ay a 1 1 |#G0)-—4+____1__ 1 +(anio)® 4/1 (o¥e0g)® as ‘See the penultimate paragraph and 5.3, where fi Ory suitgble lower cut-off frequency and fe may be ony Sub perce eure. = The parameters forthe ronan ocho He <_ ae S y ibrations with frequencies outside the measurement frequency range, t sh rapidly in a clearly defined manner at the limits of the measurement frequency, nthe. oming) Yalues of the sensitivity and the permissible ‘minimum and maximum vai foiysn in Te S To preclude doubts aboujihe course of Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the colise of th ‘deviation within the why ity bEeen the cu-of frequencies show in Table 2, lue ofthe relative sensitivity and the limit of the permissible THz {50 000 Hz Whe totals found, Inet corttustors win the Reqveny range 1 He © 40.000 Hz shall > In some cases, necessary to limit o@kpand further the measurement frequency range st its upper ‘or lower boundaries fo avoid interfering vibfetions that are irrelevant to the assessment of the vibration Characters of machine oft includddmipatanttrequencies. For his purpose, the inerumet may be equipped with additional or modified high-pass orlow-pass filters. Itis res ommended that the cut-off frequencies, Ai and fo, of these filters be selected in accordance with IEC 61260041 one-third octave specifications in the Tange 1Tis to 10000 He and the edge slogpnens kept asthe filers speed inthis ntrattonl Sandor Vibration severity can be measured in accordance with the various parts of ISO 10816] by changing fer parameters, To avoideerors, it isnevessary to state the 3 dB cut-off requencies forthe measurement frequency Fange as well as the measured value, €.9. vims (2 Hz to 1 000 Hz) = 7,5 mm/s. Inpeso po ASQZNZ-Alos rsened 5ISO 2954:2012(E) 100 Key D Se relative enaitivity f frequency xy = ~ (ehphissbie deviations me 9 Figure 1 —Nominal values in decibels of re sitiv S/d 10 Key See relative sensitivity J frequency Figure 2— Nominal absolute values of relative sensitivity and limits of permissible deviations 5.5 The selection (ff available} of the measurement range shall be such that the indication of the lowest level of the vibration seventy to be measured shall be equal to atleast 10 % of the full-scale value. The minimum and maximum levels of the vibration severity range shall be stated, e.g. ‘Measuring instrument for vibration severity with measurement range 0,25 mmis to 25 mmis". Ejerplar para une excl vo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE - 890.101.6819 impfzo por: Generis © 180 2012-0 ght eservesISO 2954:2012(E) 8.6 The uncertainty of the vibration severity measuring instrument is composed of the permissible devietions ‘for the frequency response in accordance with §.4 and the uncertainty of the absolute value of the sensitivity at ‘the reference frequency (Le. calibration uncertainty). The measurement uncertainty may be up toa maximum of 710% of the indiested value, including the calibration uncertainty, at 10 % to 100 % of full-scale value. Theselimits of uncertainty apply over the whole operating temperature range authorizedfor the vibration transducer ‘and ingicating unit (see 6 4), forall types of attachments of the vibration transducer (see Clause 6), for all engths of connecting cable between the vibration transducer and the indicating unit provided by the manufacturer and @ £10 % fluctuation inthe supply voltage. The limits shall include the unc ertsinty in the calibration, Only one of the above influence parameters shall be checked at a time. 5.7 For cation, the onsducer shal be excited by a siruscidel vibration with e vbrtion direction which deviates by not more than = rom that ofthe senstve ax ofthe transducer, The toll hrmonie cistron of the excting ration velocity shall nol exceed 8%. The velosiy@ftexcting vibration shallbe known wth an Siparced uncetaly 2 vale bait han 3 win he whe meyeurement equ} Tange It Is recommended that the reterence value of the sensitivil\ be adjusted at the reference frequency and suitable levels of vibration depending on the available ‘at groom temperature of 23°C 23°C. tis, a 6.1 The transducer shall be of the ssismit type. horde wigesions ofinterest by eamergon with a state reference sysiom determined of Gg fansducer. ts output shall not ee eae ee or eeeetng Poy ererecbneneasatn cepencent on the oentstion wih res dure kp) one wars Sapa shal be accounted for Tis applies veg anrcucers. affixed by 2 rigid mechanical cc lampig6r screwing on or by means of a magnet foot For sccelerometers, the resulling cof the trahsducer shall be well above the upper Frequency ofinterest. For velocity ps nces SOuld occur below the upper frequency of interest IF in doubt, the mounting ‘on a balbration system. 6.2 a vibration transducer gsi whens measurement is used, this shall be ~~ g Liat ty oS can noes 62) pent aac te gfe sey a tal be ee han foe he he mecerenert aeneyeaige The maximum level of vibration velocity for linear response of transducers shall be at lesst three times the vibration velocity at full-scale deflection in the sensitive direction 6.4 The effective mass of the vibration transducer shall be given in the manual, Normal good practice of keeping the mass below 1/10 of the vibrating mass of the measurement object in the near vicinity of the mounting location should be followed. To suit 8 wide range of sppliestions, the effective mass of the transducer should be kept to the minimum possible. An indication of whether the mass of the transducer is too great for a particular measurement can be obtained by the following method. usa axchaivo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE. 860.104 681-9 Double the co-vibrating mass of the transducer by an additional mass; ifthe new indication shows a deviation ‘fram the original reading of more than 12%, the mass of the vibration transducer is to0 great as compared to ‘the object of measurement and the resutt should be rejected, impreso paSERANAg Al Hohts reserved180 2954:2012(E) 65 The transducer shall withstand, without chenging its characteristics, vibration in all rections of at least three times its specified maximum vibration input 66 The equivalent input quantity of the self-interference by hum and noise and the equivalent input quantity of the extraneous interference for interference fields and excitations with a magnitude as stated below shall not affect the measurement by more than 5 % of the indicated value at 30 %6 to 100 % offull scale. When the indicated value depends on the orientation of the instrument in the field, the most unfavourable value shall be used. ‘The manufacturer shall state the resulls of tests made under the following disturbing conditions (the minimum requirements shall include expanded uncertainty). — the transducer shail be subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field of more than 100 Alm st S0 Hz and 60 Hz and the field intensity shall be measured before inserting the transducer, ifthe transducer has an electric conducting connection to the cbjeeP@Rqmeasurement and the indicator is line operated and has earth terminals, an earth current of more tha Arms, et SOHz end 80 He shall be fed into the earth connection of the transducer and discharg farth terminal of the indicator set, the transducer shall be subjected to a homagensous air level re 20 uPa of more than 100 dB in each octave, produebd.by @ random noise generator ar @ variable tone generator over the range 32 Hz to 4 KHe, itis furthermore resommended that ISO 80425 be foll Cn ry craton transducer. It is also recommended to check whether the transt se Mins lal EMC and safety requirements often equivalent, to IEC 61000-6-. po nd I Pit 6.7 _ The operating temperature range sree ion , Sam within which the error of measurement does nat exceed the nites ile 2 cia 6.8 The permissible temperature range to Which the “on cable can be subjected ‘witout damage anal be sated 6.9 The maximum nan-operationgL vi and ane of the transducer to which it can be subjected without damage shail 6.40 The maximum humicityTeystpen the trans cting cable (3s well as supplementary cables which are included) can be and cofhgue WJoneraghinin specfesion shal be sate. Ifthe transducer is to any other severe envjamnent, ¢ 9. a corrosive atmosphere, the ability of the trenscucer to withstand Wvironment shall be i . If the transducer is to be used in an explosive atmosphere, its intrinsic safety class shall be stat it shall not be used under such concitions) 6.41. The base sran sensitivity ofthe trenscuce? shall be given 6.42 _lfaveilable, information onthe predicted mean ime between failures, life expettancy and the recommended time between recalibrations of the transducer should be given. 6.13. If there is @ connecting cable between the vibration transducer and the indiesting unit, its length shail be at least 1m, The manufacturer shall state which additional extension cables can be used without exceeding the tolerances in 5.6. Consideration should be given to the requirements for the inputloutputimpedances of the ‘rensducer eable and the measuring instrument. 7 Requirements for the indicating unit 7A The indicating unit may be @ pointertype instrument, a graph recorder, @ bar chart ora cigital cisplay, Ejemplar para uso ecchsivo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE - 990,10/1.681-9 ImgBeso por: Genesco 1802012—Avghs resend7.2 The 2cexpanded uncertainty in calibration ofthe instrument shall not exceed 22 % of the full-scale valve. 7.3 Theingiestor on the indicating unit should be easily readable down to 1/10 ofthe full-scale velue. To identity the quantity measured and the uni, for example, “imsin mms" shall be marked on the unit or shown on the display. 7.4 For pointer-type instruments only — when 2 sinusoidal signel with a frequency anywhere within the ‘measurement frequency range and an amplitude permitting a steady-state nominal value of 70 % of the full. scale value is applied to the input of the indicator set as an equivalent vaitage and starting at a zero-crassing, the initial overshoot shall not be more than 10 % of the final reading, There shall be no undershoot at the time when the difference of the peak values of the pointer oscillations, as compared tothe final position ofthe pointer, isa maximum of 1,5 % of the full-scale value. total amplification of the indicating unit at a specific frequencyfeB\50 Hz) with 2 2cexpanded uncertainty soesen Cy Bg tN ee 7.7 The maximum humiity to which the indicat be exposed and continue to operate within specification shall be stated. abilty of the indicator set to withstand this environmer shall 78 the indicating unit is to be usedin any ne wo consive atmosphere, the 7.9 _ If the indicating unit is to be acme 1sic Safety class shall be stated (if not it shall not be used under such’ 8 Power requirements The input power “oO 9 Instruction monk) For ell vibration se ela ° Ms, enfedrctin manuel citing this International Standard, ie. Is0 28542012 dec 63 The instruction’ shall indicate which peitverer quantityiquantities the instrument is capable of measuring and spending Smee op soon as the features implemented comply with all the measurement requirements cf an Inigrftetional Standard, the menufacturer is sllowed to designate its instrument as suitable fr vibration severiy¥ jenna ‘according to this International Standard that is to be quoted by number and date of nabieaton NOTE ISO 10848 (al arts gives requirements for measuring vibration severity on nen-rotating parts of machines. The instruction manuel shell indicste the reference frequency for calibration end test purposes. 8 a S 2 5 3 3 5 : impreso por SERAIAR —Al roms reserved180 2954:2012(E) Annex A (informative) ‘Method for testing r.m.s.-voltage indicators Test circuit 4 fueems, meter Oo . repesied signel square-wave generator urallst of positive part ofthe square wave Sinewave generstor 7 128 output (as function of fme) instrument under oa tive voliage of square wave signsl network comresponting ywercy pi ctiee naar eer ret response cf he instrument under fest g a NOTE Seethetext for dal ofthe warat Figure At — Circuit for the testing of r AAA General ‘The following procedure is given as a method suitable for the testing of rm.s.-voltage indicators. 8 3 S z 2 g a i i aera © 180.2012 Al ghs reseed180 2954:2012(E) The values given below are based on the following definitions of crest factor Cr an is the larger amplitude of the generalized rectangular asymmetrical wave in Figure Ai (Le. 7 =|u,]or|u,]. whichever is larger); T isthe rms. value of the wave. AA.2 Crest factor values General O 8y eeinton, \ fae ~ “a Bi 8 oi Faeroe eet aiean eee ore X&y Se (ey Gud + (a2 So (a3) ee S “SS 8 ws ogy e cr=1 & (as) ‘ A123 Asymmetrical square wave, case 1 tip > tn ue un Cr (As) z 1+ (Kaltp) AA2A Asymmetrical square wave, case 2 ip € tn Ejemplar para use axelWvo- FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE 890, 101.681.9, Impreso por SEAZS —Al os reserved -2 uso ecclusivo - FUNDACION UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE - 960.101.681-9 é 180 2954:2012(E) z t+ (apma)” A425 Rectangular pulse wave w=0 net A2 Procedure A24- Adustine square-wave generator for wtobe 4a glut periogtorrorbotgeietors tobe 8s. 22 Adustiesineiaave generator ametuer afbginabo te vaste one prounaey 0 oftne lees value. Note te reading on aru o 2.3 Switch the cicuitto the square-nave goferatonss aa usgtpive ne sarecson se ina2.2en ensure underestimate A25 The difference between the true| ‘value related to the instrument 6 shall not exceed 5% of the full-scale 8 Aa Fe eiheto some mpl Bo por: Generico @1SO.2012—Alrights resend& g : 5 g 5 : 3 a i i 180 2954:2012(E) Bibliography 150.266, Acoustics — Preferred frequencies 1S $343, Mechanica! vibration and shock — Mechnical mounting of accelerometers ISO 8042, Shock snd vibration measurements — Characteristics to be specitied for seismic pick-ups ISO 10816 (all parts), Mechanical vibration — Evalustion of machine vibration by measurements on snon-rotating parts ISO 43373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vibration conaltion monitoring — Part 1 General procedures evo1oo0.2sactonesnet coma 49 {a2 err rt — nm renee IEG 1010-1, Safety requirements for electrical, for measurement, control, and laboratory use — Part 1: General requirements Sor 7 Impreso por SARIS - Alig reserved