Sustainability and SDG: SOC 2101 - Society, Environment and Engineering Ethics Course Teacher: Minhajul Bashir

SUSTAINABILITY AND SDG
SOC 2101 – Society, Environment and Engineering Ethics

Course teacher: Minhajul Bashir
8/12/2020 MINHAJUL@CSE.UIU.AC.BD 1
IMAGINE …
Garments industry is one of Bangladesh’s
most important export-based industry
Many poor people work in RMG industry
for their living
Are they provided with sufficient wages?
Are they provided with social security?
Are they provided with proper
workplace safety?
IMAGINE …
Tannery industry of Bangladesh is a
native source of leather for further
processing as shoes, bags, jackets etc.
Tannery wastes are directly dumped to
the nearby river
What do you think happens to the beings
living in that river?
What do you think happens to people
who use the river?
SUSTAINABILITY
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their needs
Three basic pillars – Economic, Environmental and Social
In other words, 3 Ps – Profit, Planet and People
SUSTAINABILITY
Short term profit vs Long term growth
Cost cutting vs Pollution minimizing
Personal gain vs Combined growth
GARMENTS INDUSTRY
How to make it sustainable?
TANNERY INDUSTRY
How to make it sustainable?
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Born at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro
in 2012
The objective was to produce a set of universal goals that meet the urgent
environmental, political and economic challenges facing our world
Replaces the Millenium Development Goals (MDG) established in 2000
GOAL 1: NO POVERTY
Eradicating poverty in all its forms
As of 2015, about 736 million people still lived on less than US$1.90 a day
 Lack of food
 Unavailability of clean drinking water
 Not adequate sanitation
80% living in extreme poverty in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
GOAL 2: ZERO HUNGER
Reduce the number of undernourished people
821 million people estimated to be chronically undernourished as of 2017
 Environmental degradation
 Drought
 Biodiversity loss
Over 90 million children under five are dangerously underweight
GOAL 3: GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
Reduce leading causes of death and disease
At least 400 million people have no basic healthcare, and 40 percent lack social
protection
Every 2 seconds someone aged 30 to 70 years dies prematurely from
noncommunicable diseases
7 million people die every year from exposure to fine particles in polluted air
GOAL 4: QUALITY EDUCATION
In Western Asia and North Africa, ongoing armed conflict has seen an increase in the
number of children out of school
Children from the poorest households are up to four times more likely to be out of
school than those of the richest households
Disparities between rural and urban areas also remain high
GOAL 5: GENDER EQUALITY
In many regions, women systematically denied the same work rights as men
 Sexual violence and exploitation
 Unequal division of unpaid care and domestic work
 Discrimination in public office
Women earn only 77 cents for every dollar that men get for the same work
Almost 750 million women and girls alive today were married before their 18th
birthday
GOAL 6: CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
Water scarcity affects more than 40 percent of people
By 2050, it is projected that at least one in four people will suffer recurring water
shortages
In 2015, 4.5 billion people lacked safely managed sanitation services; another 2.3
billion lacked even basic sanitation!!!
GOAL 7: AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
As the population continues to grow, so will the demand for cheap energy
An economy reliant on fossil fuels is creating drastic changes to our climate
One in 7 people still lacks electricity, and most of them live in rural areas of the
developing world
Energy is the main contributor to climate change, it produces around 60 percent of
greenhouse gases
GOAL 8: DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
As the global economy continues to recover we are seeing slower growth, widening
inequalities, and not enough jobs to keep up with a growing labor force
An estimated 172 million people worldwide were without work in 2018
Women’s participation in the labour force stood at 48 per cent in 2018, compared
with 75 percent for men
GOAL 9: INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
With over half the world population now living in cities, mass transport and
renewable energy are becoming ever more important
Key to finding lasting solutions to both economic and environmental challenges
 Providing new jobs
 Promoting energy efficiency
More than 4 billion people still do not have access to the Internet
 90% are from the developing world
GOAL 10: REDUCED INEQUALITIES
The richest 10 percent have up to 40 percent of global income whereas the poorest
10 percent earn only between 2 to 7 percent
Income inequality has increased in nearly everywhere in recent decades
 Lowest in Europe
 Highest in the Middle East
GOAL 11: SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND
COMMUNITIES
Creating career and business opportunities, safe and affordable housing, and
building resilient societies and economies
Cities occupy just 3 percent of the Earth’s land but account for 60 to 80 percent of
energy consumption and at least 70 percent of carbon emissions
828 million people are estimated to live in slums, and the number is rising
By 2050, two-thirds of all humanity—6.5 billion people—will be urban
Investment in public transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban
planning and management in participatory and inclusive ways
GOAL 12: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND
PRODUCTION
1.3 billion tonnes of food is wasted every year, while almost 2 billion people go
hungry or undernourished
Only 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh (drinkable), and humans are using it
faster than nature can replenish it
Changing the way we produce and consume goods and resources
 Efficient management of our shared natural resources
 Disposal of toxic waste and pollutants
GOAL 13: CLIMATE ACTION
Greenhouse gas emissions are more than 50 percent higher than in 1990
As of 2017 humans are estimated to have caused approximately 1.0°C of global
warming above pre-industrial levels
Sea levels have risen by about 20 cm (8 inches) since 1880 and are projected to rise
another 30–122 cm (1 to 4 feet) by 2100
GOAL 14: LIFE BELOW WATER
Over three billion people depend on marine and coastal biodiversity for their
livelihoods
We are seeing a 26 percent rise in ocean acidification since the beginning of the
industrial revolution
An average of 13,000 pieces of plastic litter found on every square kilometer of
ocean
GOAL 15: LIFE ON LAND
Forests cover 30 percent of the Earth’s surface
 Vital habitats for millions of species
 Important sources for clean air and water
Every year, 13 million hectares of forests are lost

Nearly 7,000 species of animals and plants have been illegally traded
GOAL 16: PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG
INSTITUTIONS
Human rights and effective governance based on the rule of law
By the end of 2017, 68.5 million people had been forcibly displaced as a result of
persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations
Corruption, bribery, theft and tax evasion cost developing countries US$1.26 trillion
per year
GOAL 17: PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
The SDGs can only be realized with strong global partnerships and cooperation
The UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) says achieving SDGs will
require US$5 trillion to $7 trillion in annual investment
 Total official development assistance reached US$147.2 billion in 2017
GROUP DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT
Choose two goals from the SDG (Shouldn’t intersect)
Propose a (hypothetical) software solution for each of the goals you chose
Discuss it on the next class

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Sustainability and SDG: SOC 2101 - Society, Environment and Engineering Ethics Course Teacher: Minhajul Bashir

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SUSTAINABILITY AND SDG

SOC 2101 – Society, Environment and Engineering Ethics

80% living in extreme poverty in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Over 90 million children under five are dangerously underweight

Every year, 13 million hectares of forests are lost

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