RNING OUTCOMES LEAR pic the student should he able to: tothis conte the hasic postulates of kinetic theory of Explain the concept of pressure exerted by a gas and derive the relation PV : » & Solve problems using the equation of state for an ideal gas as PV = ART ’ a 0 U) Q a) Compare PV > with PV = NkT and prove that K.E «T for a single molecule, Understand the concept of internal energy and use the first law of thermodynamics AU = W -Q Define and explain specific heat capacity Describe absolute zero and thermodynamic seale of temperature. State the basic postulates of kinetic theory of gases Kinetic Theory of Gases following are the postulates of kinetic theory of gases » A finite volume of gas consists of very large number of molecules. The size of the molecules is much smaller thar the separation between molecules. The collision. molecules are in random motion and! may change their direction of motion after every Collision between gas molecules themselves and with walls of container is assumed to be perfectly elastic. Molecules do not exert force on each other except during a collision. Explain the concept of pressure exerted by a gas and dei Expression for Pressure of Gas Itis derived on the basis of the kinetic theory that the pressure of a gas is given by N Loin ? >orP zy, <4 2 >,N, oP = mv & SAVE Gee ecg seca ane ane Where Mass of each molecule Total number of molecules in the gas Volume of the gas , = Mean-square velocity of the molecules Since “mn” is the mass of whole gas and V is the volume, so = is the density p of the gas. ThusP = +5 , 3 i 1 We can write this expression as P = ge= 2 at yt (Jo.) =2K.E where, KE represents the kinetic energy of the gas per unit volume. Hence P = 2 K.E. Thus, the pressure of a gas is equal to two-third of its kinetic energy per unit volume.STARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 2 ” <) Solve problems using the equation of state for an ideal gas as PV = nT According to Boyle's law. Ve i when n and T are held constant. According to Charles's law. V 2. T when n and P are held constant. Tt Ga well known fact that volume of the given gas at constant temperature and pres proportional to the number of moles (Avogadro's law) Vn when P and T are held constant If we think for a moment that none of the variables is to be kept constant then all the above three relationships can be joined together. — ure is directly ‘¢ No gas in real practice is ideal However gases like H;, Na, Os and He may be considered ideal as these canna, be liquefied easily © Specific heat of lighter elements is higher than that of heavier elements an ‘¢ The slope of and adiabatic ‘greater than isothermal process. ‘© When the change is sudden or abrupt, the process is adiabat al V = constant —— P ‘The constant suggested is R which ‘s called general gas constant. | gas. All the gas laws can be deduced from ideal gas equation: If T and n are held constant then ideal gas equation becomes PV = constant Which is Boyle's law. IfP and n are held constant then ideal gas equation becomes x = constant Which is Charles's law. IfP and T are held constant then ideal gas equation becomes ~- = constant n Which is Avogadro's law. From ideal gas equation we may write pv P, —2_ where p is density of gas constant or or 1 pT, pl; The value of the constant depends on the mass of the gas sample. If the sample contains one moles then the equation is written as: PV = R T . Where R is called the universal (or molar) gas constent. Its value in $.1. units is 8.314 J mol! K"'. The above equation is called the equation of state of an ideal gas. : Nm - swith PY ; 4) Compare PV = NT <* >with PY = NKT and prove that K.E « T fora single molecule. Expressions for Temperature : Consider 1 mole of a gas at absolute temperature T and occupying volume V. Then pressure of | mole of gas is given by 1mN Pass ‘© Where N is total number of molecules Avogadro’s number i.e., N(=6.02x 10) is the number of molecules in | mole of gas mN = Mass of one mole of gassins = — EZ 1 PV=SmN Using ideal gas equation PV = nRT where R is gas constant, we have : 4 ; ant = bmn TNS, rr=tnNev's "0 Rr= tm, cvs 3 GRT=mN, Avogadro’s number ie.; Na(=6.02x 103 M= Mass of one mole of gas BRT =Mev' > ) is the number of molecules in | mole of gas mN = + VEV7> is the square-root of the mean-square velocity of the gas molecules. [tis called root- mean-square velocity (rms velocity). Thus Vrms = — Also (V Dems *VT Thus, the root-mean-square velocity of the molecules of a gas is directly proportional to the square-root of the absolute temperature of the gas. Relation between RMS Velocity and Molecular Weight (w)ms= PRT ang (pens= PRE, Gorms _ [My M, M M, j (v,)rms Relation between temperature and kinetic Energy Kinetic energy of 1 mole- molecules of the gas =M cy =im (387) 23 KE=iM =m (2) 2RT M = Molecular weight of gas, At constant temperature, remains constant, so the right hand side of the equation is | “Snstant. Hence PV = Constant 1 Or Pos meeeSTARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 —— 2 ‘Thus pressure P is inversely proportional to volume V at constant emperature of the gas which jy Boyle's law ii) Chartes* Law Equation can be written as aNel os <5mv 2 3P If pre sure is kept constant : Va< gmv? > hoes oT VaT Thus volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature of gas provided pressure is constant. This is known as Charles’ law Thermodynamics The branch of physics. which deals with the conversion of heat into other: forms of energy, is known as thermodynamics. Definition of Some Terms Used in Thermodynamics a) Thermodynamic System fi A collection of extremely lai volume and temperature is called 1 liquid or gaseous state. i, Isolated System When a system is ‘thermally and mechanically insulated from the Surroundings, it is called an isolated system. Such a system cannot exchange hea at with its surroundings as well as it can neither do work in the surroundings nor work can be done on it. ii, Closed System rge number of particles having a certain value of pressure, hermodynamic system. A thermodynamic system can be solid, A system wholly enclosed in adiathermic boundary, so that there is an exchange of heat With surroiundings but no exchange of matter, is called a closed system, b) Thermodynamic Variables : These are macroscopic physical quantities like pressure (V) and temperature (T) etc. which are used to de these variables is called equation of state. ©) Understand the concept of internal energy and use the first law of thermodynamics AU = W-Q Laws of Thermodynamics Zero" Law of Thermodynamics If objects "A" and "B” are separately in thermal equilibrium witha third objec ‘A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other also: If two closed systems with different temperatures a i s at will flow from the system of higher "I" to the system of Jower a ee intermediate temperature. , First Law of Thermodynamics (P), volume : Scribe the state of the system. The relation between until the two systems reach the same Where AQ is positive when heat is added and vice versa: AW is positive when work is done by system and vice vers AU=AQ- aw| » a Heat energy flowing om) leat energy flowing in) - Serta det Me) ( as mechanical work energy \ | Internal energy is a state function. i.e. depends on initial and final states « Foracyelic process, we have AU = 0, U,= Urthen AQ = AW second Law of Thermodynamics ‘The second law denies the possibility of utilization of heat out of a single body. The definitions aythe second law of thermodynamics are 2) Itis impossible to construct an engine which, operating in a cycle, will produce no effect cae than the extraction of heat from a reservoir and the performance of an equivalent amount o} work. (Kelvin Planck statement) b) Heat cannot flow itself from a colder toa hotter body. c) Also states that the entropy of an isolated system never decreases. 4) Itis impossi Je to have a process in which the entropy of an isolated system is decreased. Adiabatic > ‘Thermally insulating Diathermic + Thermally conducting COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT THERMAL PROCESSES Property | Isothermal | Adiabatic ener Isobarie [7 Teominen) T= constant, | 0° coistant V= constant, P=constant, | ‘oneron | _AT=0, AU=0 AQ=0 * AV=0, AW =0 AP=0 Fe f AQ=0+ | O=AU+AW ' 2 | Form of 12 | eee AQ = AU+AW=nC,AT “| firstlaw | aw=pav_ | AW =-au | _ B Mi V2 PV = constant c=0 APP AP av ¥_ : | Av é i) To supply | i) Isothermal | heat at | expansion of ideal | i) Burst of air tube | . constant Example [245 ii) Propagation of | volume, i) Melting of ice, | ii) Conversion of | sound in air ii) Atmospheric | ii) Boiling of water | ice at 0°C to water | iii)Refrigeration changes, | jaree )Explosion in gases | Head Office j0-Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-37800293 / 310, 0333-1409100 du.pk, www.starsentrytest.edu.pkVaternal Rnergy The sun of all forms of molecular energies (kinetic and potential) of a substance is termed as emul energy. In the study of thermodynamics, usually ideal gas considered as a working aerate Whe molecules of an ideal gas are mere mass points which exert no forces on ong another, ii The internal energy of an ideal gas system is generally the translational K.E. of its molecules. iii, The itttemal energy is directly proportional to the temperature for an ideal gas system. iy. Ir thermodynamics the internal energy is a function of state consequently it does not depend on path but depends on initial and nal states of the system. Y Intemal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E. So like the potential energy. _! itis the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important ‘© Work dane om the system is negative an hy the system is positive. + Heat adkled to a system is positive and released by a system is ) _ Define and explain specific heat capacity Specific. heat *e": It js defined as the heat required to raise the temperature o: one ky ofa substance through 1K. hence different substances have Unit = Jke'K One Kg of diffe different specif preferred to take the mass in moles, Molar specified heat “e": It is defined as the heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of substance through 1K nt substance contain different number of molec heats. It depends upon the no. of molecule rather the type of molecule. Hence itis 2. nAT Unit = Jmor'K™ Note: In case of solid and liquid. the change of volume and hence work done against external pressure during a change of temperature is negligibly small ra sat is studied in two ways. «e When one mote of a gas is heated “constant pressure, the #ntert | ee For gases specific h Define molar specific heats of # gas Molar specific heat at constant pressure Cy: Iuis amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the sh 1K keeping pressure constant increases by the same amv volume. const «# For liquids and solids Cy gas throw: 0 Q G nAT ae = fire 30-H - 1293 / 310, 03: = a0-Kaahmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-3700 094 7glanys Toit Jmol a Molar sp heat at constant volume ©, frisamountof heat required to raise the temperature of volume ne mole of the gas through, IK keeping pnstant c nAT Unit= Jmole'K"! Cy GR tris clear that Cy Cy by an amount equal to universal gas constant R ibe absolute zero and thermodynamic scale of temperature. De F. Generally a temperature scale is established by two fixed points using certain physical properties ofa material which varies linearly with temperature. ji, The Carnot cycle provides us the basis to define a temperature scale that is independent of material properties ii, ‘The thermodynamic scale of temperature is defined by choosing 273.16 K as absolute temperature of the triple point of water ‘is one fixed point and absolute zero as the other. iv The unit of thermodynamic scale is kelvin. . 1K is defined-as 1/273.16 K of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. Triple point of water: It is a state in which ice, water and vapour coexists in equilibrium. It occur uniquely at one particular pressure and temperature Itheat Q is absorbed or rejected by the system at corresponding temperature T when the system is taken through a Cannot cycle and Qs is thé heat absorbed or rejected by the system when it is at the temperature of triple point of water, then unknown temperature T in kelvin is given by 2273.62 Q, vii, Since this scale is independent of the property of the working substance hence, can be applied at very low temperature. 7 Stars Assignment Plot graph between P and V at constant temperature Plot a graph between P and 1/V at constant temperature Plot a graph betwecn PV and P at constant temperature Plot a graph between PV and V at constant temperature plot a graph between PV and 1/V at const temperature Plot a graph between V and Tat constant pressure Plot a graph between V/T and T at constant pressure Plot a graph between V and T at constant pressure. : Plot a graph between P and T ateonstant pressure.Four possible answers are given. Chose the most correeted one. 1 10. A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container because molecules te size (B) Obey Boyle's law (A) Have fit y (C) Have momentum (D) Collide with one another The pressure P of a gas at constant temperature varies with its density p (A) Directly (B) Inversely (C) Equal (D) None of these A gas at 250K is contained in a closed vessel. If its temperature increases by 1K, the percentage increase in its pressure is (A) 0.4% (B) 0.6% (C) 0.8% (D) 1.0% For a fixed mass of a gas at constant volume which one of the following graphs is best represents the variation of pressure P with temperature T? pi ete ke (B), 7 () (D) If ata pressure of 10° Nm”, the density of oxy: 1.4 Kgm®, the rms velocity of oxygen molecule in ms" is (A) 18 (B) 120 (C270 (D) 460 The ratio of mean K.E of chlorine and oxygen molecules at same temperature is (A) 16:35.5 (B) 35.5:16 (C) BS.5P:16 (D) tl A fixed mass of a gas is at a pressure P. If i volume and absolute temperature are both doubled, the new pressure is (A) P44 (B)P2 (OP (D) 2P If there were no intermolecular forces between gas molecules, the pressure due to a given sample a gas will be (A) Increased (B) Decreased (C) Unchanged (D) None of these The root mean square speed of the molecules of an enclosed gas is at kee ing temperature constant and increasing pressure twice, the new speed of the molecules will become (A) V2 (B)V (C) Vv (D) 4V, The average kinetic energy of the molecules of the object is called its (A) Heat (B) Temperature (C) Hotness (D) Coldness The device which is used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of the object. (A) Thermometer _ (B) Barometer (C) Hypermeter (D) None of these Head Office: 30-Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-378002: worm starscollege.edu.rk, www starsentrytestedu ph ‘340, 0333-1409100 _sTARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 97 12 Generally thermometers make use of the fact that most of the liquids (A) Compress on heating (B) Expand on heating (©) Evaporate on heati (D) Sublime on heating 13. On Celsius seale boiling point of water is taken as (As o°C (B) 100°C (C) 180°C (Dy None of these 14. The energy that flows from a high temperature object to a low temperature object is called (A) Heat (B) Sound (©) Electricity (D) Solar energy 15, Hotness or coldness of an object is expressed in terms of a quantity called (A) Heat (B) Temperature (C) Kelvin (D) None of these 16. The SI unit of heat is (A) calorie (B) joule (C) electron volt (D) None of these 17. The energy expended when a force of one newton moves an object one meter im the direction of force is called (A) 1 Calorie (B) 1 Joule (C)1KWh (D) | electron Voit 18. Avogadro number is the no of molecules present in (A) One liter of gas at STP (B) 22.4 liter of gas at STP (C) 22.4 mole of gas at STP». (D) 48.8 liter of gas at STP 19. The energy of molecular motion appears in the form of (A) Friction (B) Heat (C) Viscosity (D) Potential energy 20. If Pis the pressure of gas than K.E per unit volume of gas is (a2 (BP (C)32P (D)2P 2. The average velocity of gas molecules in equilibrium Is (A) Proportional to V7 (B) Proportional to T (C) Proportional to T? (D) Equal to zero 22. The internal energy of a gram mole of an ideal gas depends upon (A) Pressure alone (B) Volume alone (C) Temperature alone _ (D) Both pressure and temperature 23, ‘The temperature at which the gasses if they remain in gaseous state exert zero pressure and have zero volume is called (A) °C (B) °F" (C)1K (D) Absolute Zero 24. The sum of all energy of all molecules atoms in an object is known as ——(A)Temperature __(B) Entropy (C) Internal energy (D) None of these — Head Office: 30-Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-37800293 / 310, 0333-1403100 ‘www. starscollege.edu.pk, www.starsentrytest.edu.pkSTARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 - —--—- “~ 25. On Celsius scale freezing point of water is taken as (Ayre (B) 100°C. (C) 180°C (D) None of these 26. ‘The energy which must be supplied to one mole of a gas to increase its absolute temperature by 1K is Qrat constant pressure and Q2 at coristant volume, The value of Qs is (YQ (B) Que Par (C) Qu Paw (D) Qu Pav? 27. A fixed mass of an ideal gas occupies volume V and exerts a pressure Py. It is compressed adiabatically to a volume V/S. If the ratio of the (wo molar heat of a gas is y, the quantity log(P2/P)) to (A) log 0.2 (B) ylog 0.2 (C) log § (D) y log 28. When the pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is decreased under isothermal condition there is (A) Fall of temperature (B) Increase of density (C) No change in internal chergy (D) A decrease in the value of PV 29, Heat is a form of (A) Power (B) Work © (D) Motion 30. A device which is based upon the thermodynamic property of matter is (A) Thermometer (B) Thernio state (C) Heat engine —_(D) Calorimeter 31. First law of thermodynamic is generalization (A) Law of conservation of mass (B) Law of conservation of energy (C) Law of heat exchang (D) None of these 32. A thermodynamic process in which temperature of system does not change during heating (A) Isobarie process ‘i (B) Isobar process (C) Isothermal process (D) Adiabatic process 33. First law of thermodynamics for an adiabatic process is, (A)Q=4U+W (B)Q=AU (Q=W (D) AU = -W 34. For an adiabatic expansion of a gas which of the following statement is false? (A) Pressure of gas decreases (B) No heat is supplied to the gas (C) Work is done by gas (D) Entropy of gas is increased 35. Fora diatomic gas.C,=: R . The constant y for gas is (A) 5/7 (B).4/35 (C) 75 (D) 35/4 36. The unit of thermodynamic temperature seale is» (A) kelvin (B) celsius (C) fahrenheit (D) none of these 37. The petrol engine works on the basis of Head Office: shmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-37800293 / 310, 0333-1408100 ‘www starscollege.edu.pk, www.starsentrytest edu.pk-s STARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 ” - A) Kelvin state (B) Clausius statement (C) Camot cvele D) First law of thermodynamics 38 Thermodynamic temperature scale works A) For very high temperature only (B) For moderate te nly (C) Even up to absolute Zero (D) None of these 3. Isobarie : ? (A) Pressure (B) Volume (C) Heat (D) Entropy 40. Once heat is transferred to an object, it is converted into the (A) Entropy of the object (B) Intemal energy of the object (C) Temperature of the object (D) None of these 41, Temperature remain constant the volume of given mass of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure applied on it. It is called (A) Ge i gas law (B) Boyle's iaw (C) Charles law (D) None of these 42. “At constant pressure the volume of a gas proportional to the absolute temperature”, this statement is called (A) General gas law (B) Boyle’s law C) Charles law (D) None of these 48. Which one of the following set of conditions is true for expansion of an ideal gas at a peres ervey ss errr Change A No Yes Yes 2 B i “Se ic No No Cee Wes, Yes Yes | D No Yes Yes 44, Relation between pressure P and energy E of a ga A)P OE (B)P xt (C)P a2E (D) Px 3E 48. The product of pressure P and volume V of an ideal gas is (A) Constant {B) Approximately equal to the universal gas constant (C) Directly proportional to its temperature (D) Inversely proportional to its temperature 4%. At OK which of the following properties of a gas will be zero? (Ay netic energy (B) Potential Energy {(C) Vibrational Energy (D) Density 47. The ratio of rms velocity of O; to the H: molecuiles in air is (A) 4 (B) 4:1 ()V¥1 (D) 1: v4 48 At what temperature adiabatic change equivalent to isothermal change Head Office: 30-Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-37800293 / 310, 0333-1408100 ‘were starscoliege edupk, www starsentrytest.edu pk _ eeee ——" STARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 49. 50. St. 82. 53. 55. 57. 58. 109 (A) o°c (B) 0K (C) Critical temperature (D) Above critical temperature A gas is compressed adiabatically till its temperature is doubled. The ratio of its final to ity initial volume is (A) (B)More than % —(C) Less than (D) Between | and % At every degree Celsius rise of temperature, the volume of a given mass of a gas at constant pressure increases by (A) 1/273 of its value at 0°C (B) 1/373 of its value at 0°C (C) 1/173 of its value at 0°C: (D) 1/700 of its value at 0°C Universal gas constant has the unit of (A) Newton?C (B) Newtow/K, (©) Jmol K (D) WatvKelvin. If the volume of a gas is to be increased four times then (A) Its temperature must be doubled (B) At constant temperature its pressure must be decreased four times (C) At constant temperature its pressure must be increased two times (D) It cannot be increased The triple point of water is (A) 100°C (B) 0K orc (D) 273.16K The relation between Boltzmann’s constant K, gas constant R and Avogadro's number is Nais (A)K=NWR K=RNq (C)K=RIN, (D) k= PV/NT ‘Which one ofthe following gas properties of gas molecules is the same at a particular temperature? nt (A)Momentum _ (B) Speed (C) Mass (D) Kinetic Energy During adiabatic expansion change of 2 moles of gas the internal energy is 100 J, the work done during this expansion is (A) Zero (B)-100) (C) 2005 (D) 1005 Two different gases are enclosed in two different vessels at same Pressure, If ry and r: are their densities then ratio of their rms speed is equal to of (D) fE Which of the following parameter does not characterize the thermodynamic state of matter? Head Office: 30-Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahoi www.starscollege.edu.pk, wwwsta ae , 042-37800283 / 310, 0333-1409100 reentrytest.edu.pk _—a STARS ENTRY TEST SE (A) Work (C) Temperature 101 IES MDCAT-2019 (13) Pressure f (D) Internal ene’ 49, Inwhich process the P-V diagram is a straight line parallel to volume axis x (A) Isobarie (B) Isotherm (C) Isochoric (D) Adia 60. The work done in figure is [| V0 " V (A)> 3x 10) (B) 2x 105) (Cc) 100 (D) Zero 61. Work done in expanding gas under adiabatic condition results (A) Increase in temperature (B) Decrease in temperature (C) No change in te (D) None of these 62. Which of the following curve in P-V diagram represent adiabatic process? (B) « (D) | Usces ay fate a 63. The work done during cycle is (A) 1PV (B)2 PV (C) 1/2 PV (D) Zero 64. What thermodynamic temperature is equivalent toS01.85°C (A) 775.01 K (B) 228.85 K (C) 775.00K (D) 228.70K 65. A system goes from A to B via two processes I and I as shown in figure. If au, and AU, in the processes I and II respectively then P are the changes in internal energi (A) AU, < AU, (B) au, > au,STARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 5 102 70, n 73. 74. 78. (C) Relation between AU, and AU, cannot be determined (D) au, © AU, An ideal gas changes from state ‘a’ to state *b as shown in figure, What is the work done by the gas in the process?(volume in constant) > (A) Zero (B) Positive (C) Negative (D) Infinite A gas at STP is slowly compressed to one fourth of its original volume, then val pressure is (A)4atmosphere (B)0.75 atmosphere (C)8 atmosphere (D) 0.25 atmosphere In the equation PV’= Constant, the value of y is unity then the process is, (A) Isothermal (B) Adiabatic (C) Isobarie (D) Irreversible The difference between C, and C, is equal to (A) Universal gas constant (B) Plank’s constant (C) Molar gas constant (D) Boltzmann constant ‘The work done by the gas during the isobaric expai equal to (A) Area of rectang! (B) Area of triangle (C) Area of parallelogram (D) None of the: Which of the following is a postulate of kinctic theory of gases? (A) The size of mo much larger than the separation between them. (B) Molecules don’t exert force on each other except during collision (C) A finite volume of gas consist of small number of molecules (D) The gas molecules are not in random motion According to kinetic theory of gases, the size of molecule is (A) Mach smaller than the separation between molecules (B) Much larger than the separation between molecules (C) Comparable to distance between molecules. (D) None of these Which of the following is expression of root mean square speed of “N” gas molecules in a cubical container? (D) (D) n= Ny+N The pressure of a given mass of gas at constant temperature is P and its volume is V. The PV vers¥s V graph is (A) Hyperbola (B) Straight line paraltel,to py axis (C) Straight line parallel to V axis (D) Straight line having slop one7 TARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 103 =. The average kinetic energy of the molecules of an ideal gas in a closed, rigid container is increased by a factor of 4. What happens to the pressure of the gas A) It remains constant (B) It increases by a factor of 4 (C) It increases by a factor of 2 (D) It increase by a factor of 8 =. Which one of the following represents correctly the variation of the volume (V) of an ideal gas with * gemperature (T) under constant pressure conditions? uu “ : (B) “___, © 1) 78. Among the following gases which one has the lowest root mean square velocity at 25°C (A)SO. (B) 0; (CON (D) A jar A is filled with an ideal gas characterized by parameters P, V and T and another jar B is filled with an ideal gas with parameters 2P, V/4 and 2T. The ratio of the number of molecules in jars A and Bis (ret (B)2:1 (Byi:2 (Dy4el 81. #2. Which one of graphs below best illustrate the relationship between internal energy U of an ideal gas and temperature T of the gas in °c ? Vos ‘The P-V graph for a thermo dynamical system is shown in Fig. The work done by the system in the process A to Bis Pressure P (in Nev) 3 ca 8 f 5 voure We a) (yoo (B) 605 ()03 (D)305 ‘One Kelvin is defined as: 0 Kashmir Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore, 042-37800293 / 310, 0393-14091 Head Office: 30-Kashriy aorcolege atten www.starsentrytest edu.pkSTARS ENTRY TEST SERIES MDCAT-2019 log 83. (A) 1-100 of boiling point of water (B) 1/273.16 of melting of ice (C) 1/273.16 of boiling point of water (D) 1273.16 of temperature of triple point of water A system does 600 J work and at the same time has its internal energy increased by 320 J. How much heat has been supplied? (A) 280) (B) 9205 (C) 6003 (D) 20) A heat engine absorbs 200 J of heat and perform 100 x 10” erg of work the change in its internal energy will be: (A) 100 erg (B) -100 J ) 2x105 (D) +1004 If the amount of heat given to a system be 35 J and the amount of work done by the system be -15 J , then the change in the internal energy of the system is: (Ay- 50) (B) 303 (C) 20) (D)50J | olal>|>|c]o}aj>jajalajojalalaja/> + &